0:02 hi my name is yuru Williams I'm a
0:04 historian and here are some things that
0:07 you need to know in order to sound smart
0:10 about Mahatma Gandhi mandes Gandhi was
0:13 an Indian religious leader who led one
0:15 of the great mass movements in world's
0:17 history as a leader Gandhi used
0:20 religious principle to inspire people to
0:23 fight against Colonial oppression in
0:25 India although Gandhi's activism is
0:28 often associated with India he actually
0:30 got his start as an activist in South
0:32 Africa it was in South Africa that
0:35 Gandhi came up the idea of Sadia graa
0:38 the idea of firmness and Truth which
0:40 became one of the key underpinings of
0:43 nonviolent resistance when Gandhi
0:45 returned from South Africa to India he
0:48 was committed to winning Independence
0:50 for the Indian people Gandhi was
0:52 ultimately successful in inspiring
0:54 people to act by emphasizing the
0:57 importance of nonviolent direct action
1:00 protest one of Gandhi's most celebrated
1:02 protests was the Great Salt March of
1:07 1930 between March and April of 1930
1:09 thousands of Indians followed Gandhi on
1:12 this massive protest to demonstrate
1:15 against British oppression the March
1:18 resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000
1:21 people including Gandhi himself although
1:22 Gandhi's campaign to win independence
1:26 for India was ultimately successful the
1:28 British in leaving India decided to
1:31 partition it into to two parts India and
1:34 Pakistan this Gandhi argued was not home
1:37 rule but he was willing to accept it
1:39 based on the idea that at least the
1:41 nations would be free Gandhi's life
1:44 tragically came to an end in January of
1:47 1948 at the hands of a Hindu assassin
1:49 more than a million Indians turned out
1:51 to mourn Gandhi's passing which was also felt
1:58 worldwide young people in large numbers
2:01 came out and joined what became known as
2:03 the red guards these largely terroristic
2:05 organizations were used to publicly
2:08 humiliate assault and in some cases even
2:11 murder political enemies of Mao and the
