0:08 the 1920s Europe is home to 9 million
0:11 Jews January 27th
0:14 1945 the Soviet Army reaches the aitz
0:16 Concentration Camp complex set up by the
0:18 Nazis in occupied
0:21 Poland a crime of monstrous proportions
0:24 has been perpetrated here the murder of
0:26 millions of Jews from throughout Europe
0:28 along with tens of thousands of
0:31 homosexuals Roma and other groups sent
0:39 cremated after the war two of every
0:43 three Jews in Europe are
0:57 this the people who died in the
0:58 extermination camps were the Jewish
1:00 neighbors colleagues and friends of
1:03 ordinary German citizens vilified and
1:07 declared mortal enemies by the Nazis all
1:16 [Music]
1:20 Reich January 30th 1933 Berlin Adolf
1:22 Hitler is appointed Chancellor of the
1:25 German Reich the Democracy the viar
1:26 Republic gradually slides into a
1:30 dictatorship a totalitarian state the
1:32 exclusion of Jews from society begins
1:34 immediately Terror at the hands of the
1:37 sa Stormtroopers in April a boycott of
2:12 for Jewish civil servants are removed
2:14 from their jobs ostracization and
2:20 [Music]
2:23 paace it's a development really step by
2:25 step beginning right after the Nazis
2:28 come to power at the end of January 1933
2:29 and it's very clear that Jews are the
2:31 enemy and it's going back in the
2:33 tradition of uh anti-Semitism over
3:02 policies on September 15th 1935 the Nazi
3:05 State passes the nurenberg laws these
3:07 forbid not only marriage but also
3:10 extramarital sex between Jews and
3:12 non-jews Jews are stripped of their
3:14 civil rights societal exclusion
3:17 increases open violence is on the rise
3:19 the nurenberg laws reflect the Nazis
3:22 racial fanaticism labeling Jews an alien
3:25 and inferior race and Paving the way to the
3:31 Holocaust
3:34 the nonb laws are saying that a person
3:37 of so-called Jewish blood cannot be
3:40 German so they are not citizens of the
3:43 German r with that discrimination not
3:45 being allowed to sing in a choir not to
3:47 be allowed to be in a sports club not to
3:50 have your own pet a German dog is not
3:52 allowed to live in a Jewish Family and
3:55 steps like that you can shop only after
3:58 4:00 in the afternoon so you are
4:00 separated from the the surrounding majority
4:11 Society November 9th
4:14 1938 Nazis burn down Jewish synagogues
4:16 and incite the general public to acts of
4:19 violence against their Jewish neighbors
4:21 synagogues in Ruins a symbol of the
4:30 come
4:32 these days Mark the transition from
4:34 discrimination to open unbridled
4:36 violence towards German Jews without any
4:38 significant resistance from the rest of the
4:47 population this is a sign for German
4:50 Jews that it's about life and death that
4:53 is probably the most important and
4:56 shocking steps and anti-jewish actions U
4:59 by the Nazi State the new estimations of
5:02 researchers show that probably over
5:06 1,300 people were murdered uh in those
5:09 days we have open Terror and murder out
5:11 in the streets and with this for German
5:14 Jews it becomes clear German jewelry
5:24 end on September 1st 1939 German troops
5:27 invade Poland and World War II erupts
5:29 the fair Mark advances eastwards
5:31 millions of Eastern European Jews become
5:34 victims of the Nazis Jewish assets are
5:36 seized and used in part to finance
5:39 Germany's rearmament Mass deportations
5:41 begin with the invasion of the Soviet
5:45 Union in June 1941 the systematic murder
5:47 of the Soviet Jews in Ukraine and
5:50 bellarus and Russia begins with the
5:52 anzat group and the mobile killing
5:56 squads that murder in about half a year
5:58 almost a million Jewish men women and children
6:00 children
6:02 from now on Jews in Poland have to wear
6:04 a star of David as identification from
6:07 1941 the same rule applies to German
6:10 Jews as early as 1940 the Nazis set up
6:12 the Warsaw Ghetto to house Jews from
6:15 Poland in the occupied territories many
6:17 die from epidemics hunger and [Music]
6:20 [Music]
6:23 cold many people died in the ghettos
6:25 because of the poor conditions and this
6:28 is of course intentional by the Germans
6:42 [Music]
6:46 January 20th 1942 a villa on the banks
6:57 Berlin on a cold winter morning 15 high
6:59 ranking Nazi politicians offici
7:01 officials and Military Officers come
7:03 together for a breakfast meeting the
7:06 mood is convivial the goal clear
7:08 defining the so-called final solution to
7:11 the Jewish question the result is the
7:14 systematic mass murder of millions on an
7:17 industrial scale a secretary takes
7:19 minutes a copy of which survives to this [Music]
7:21 [Music]
7:24 day now we have a systematic State organized
7:26 organized
7:29 administered uh process of deportation
7:33 of death camp set up of train schedules
7:35 in the system of divided labor and that
7:37 is really probably what also defines the
7:41 unprecedented uh character of the
7:43 Holocaust the participants at the van
7:46 conference specify a figure which is
7:56 minutes it's clear that eventually all
8:01 of them have to be extinct to the last
8:04 one without this meeting the crime the
8:07 mass murder the Holocaust could not have
8:09 happened meanwhile the Nazi state had a
8:11 well-oiled machine at its disposal to
8:13 deport and kill millions of people in
8:16 the extermination camps in the aitz gas
8:19 chamber alone the SS murdered up to
8:22 6,000 people a day sending the bodies to the
8:23 the
8:28 crematoria aitz definitely became the
8:31 symbol of the Holocaust
8:36 and National socialistic Crime and this
8:38 break of
8:40 civilization why do the murderers of the
8:43 an group pull the trigger these are
8:46 family fathers who have families at home
8:48 why do they do it's it's it's a very
8:51 thin crust of culture and civilization
8:52 and of Ethics if you would have told
8:55 them in 1933 within 8 years you'll go to
8:57 Eastern Europe and murder your neighbors
9:00 they would have denied it
9:15 Thousands October 1946
9:22 nurenberg in the trial of the main war
9:25 criminals 12 Nazis are sentenced to
9:28 death and seven sent to prison for the
9:30 first time on the rounds of crimes against
9:35 humanity some 60 years after the
9:38 liberation of aitz the UN declares
9:40 January 27th the International Day of
9:42 commemoration in memory of the victims
9:45 of the Holocaust in memory of all those
9:48 who were murdered in the Nazi camps a
9:50 day of commemoration that's observed all
