0:03 hello everyone welcome to nilanjana's
0:06 exclusive English lessons my name is
0:08 dilanjana sarkar and I welcome all of
0:10 you to my video today I am going to
0:13 begin with Act 2 of Julius Caesar those
0:15 who have not watched the first few
0:19 episodes of Julius Caesar act one uh you
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0:38 free lessons I'm really excited to start
0:40 with Act 2 today but just a small
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0:48 Julius Caesar lessons however I feel
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0:58 you
1:01 and yeah I hope you know that you know
1:05 Julius Caesar videos they require a lot
1:08 of effort and I'm sincerely putting a
1:10 lot of effort to help you all giving
1:12 line by line explanation I'm sure you
1:14 know uh you know such kind of free
1:16 lessons will not be available on YouTube
1:19 so yes I'm doing it so that all of you
1:21 can get benefited because there are very
1:24 few resources available online and yeah
1:26 that's the reason I would like to
1:29 request you to please please share the videos
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1:33 um among your friends uh your loved ones
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1:40 you know I can create such lessons for
1:42 all of you so without much Chit Chat let
1:45 me begin the class today so in act two
1:48 we see that Brutus is in his garden is
1:51 in his Orchard and he explains his
1:56 feelings to his servant Lucius and his
1:58 thoughts that mainly bother him are if
2:02 may become a king then whether his
2:05 behavior is going to change or not if he
2:08 is made King by the innocent Roman mob
2:10 then how his behavior is going to be
2:13 affected and yes in act 2 scene 1 we can
2:15 also see that he receives a forged
2:18 letter written by Cassius if you
2:21 remember we had seen that Cassius was
2:24 planning to send a few Forge letters so
2:26 this is the time Brutus receives the
2:30 letter where it's written that the Roman
2:32 people the Roman public is asking him to
2:34 protect Rome
2:37 enter Brutus in his Orchard Brutus what
2:40 lucious who I cannot buy the progress of
2:43 the Stars give guests how near today so
2:46 Brutus is in his Orchard in his garden
2:47 and he's telling that
2:50 um he's not able to understand by the
2:52 movement of the stars that what is the
2:55 time of the day I cannot by the progress
2:58 of the stars now in the olden days the
3:01 time used to be evaluated by the
3:03 progress of the Stars by the movement of
3:05 the Stars so here Brutus is telling that
3:08 he's not able to understand what is the
3:11 time of the day how uh you know the
3:13 night is proceeding and he's not able to
3:16 understand that how long it is going to
3:20 take to be morning Lucius I say I would
3:24 it were my fault to sleep so soundly so
3:26 he is not able to sleep soundly he's not
3:29 getting good sleep and he feels that it
3:32 is his fault he is not able to do so
3:35 when Lucius when a week I see what
3:38 lucious now Lucius enters he's a servant
3:40 called you my lord so did you call me
3:44 Brutus get me a taper in my study now
3:46 taper is a candle so he's asking Lucius
3:49 to get a candle in his study
3:52 when it is lighted come and call me here
3:54 so when you have lit the candle please
3:57 remember to comment call me because I
3:59 want to do something in my study
4:02 Lucius like a very obedient servant he
4:05 tells yes I will and he exits
4:08 Brutus it must be by his death whose
4:11 death of course here we mean he means
4:13 Caesar so he tells that it must be by
4:17 his death it is only by his death that I
4:20 can save room I can save Rome from his
4:23 tyranny and for my part I know no
4:26 personal cause to spurn at him and then
4:29 he tells that as far he is concerned he
4:33 has no personal cause he has no selfish
4:37 motive to spawn at him
4:39 means to harm him so there is no
4:42 personal reason that he wants to
4:45 um harm Julius Caesar
4:47 but for the general it's only for the
4:50 general cause that he wants to take up
4:54 this conspiracy he will be crowned how
4:56 that might change his nature there is
4:59 the question so in case if he is crowned
5:02 how it's going to change his nature
5:04 whether he is going to become a dictator
5:07 whether he is going to be like a tyrant
5:09 that is the question that is the
5:12 question means that is what you know
5:14 creates a confusion in our mind there's
5:16 the debate
5:19 it's the bright day that brings forth
5:22 the adder and that craves very walking
5:25 now Adder is a poisonous snake so he
5:27 tells that it is the bright day only
5:30 when it is a very bright and Beautiful
5:35 Day suddenly we get attacked by unknown
5:37 dangerous things so only when it is a
5:40 bright day suddenly we can see a
5:42 poisonous snake coming and attacking us
5:45 and that's the reason we need to be very
5:48 careful very means careful therefore
5:50 everybody needs to be very careful while
5:53 walking means we need to make sure that
5:56 we are very careful with the steps that
5:58 we take
6:00 just as sunny days cause poisonous
6:03 snakes to come outside similarly bad
6:06 things can come what looks good so all
6:08 of us must step carefully
6:12 ground him that and then I grant we put
6:16 a sting in him that at his will he may
6:18 do danger with now I will also try to
6:21 explain a little bit in Hindi yes many
6:23 of you are requesting so yeah happy Brutus
6:41 is
6:44 delivering a speech and he is all alone
6:47 and he's just expressing the thoughts
6:49 that is there in his mind so the first
6:51 thing that he tells is it must be by his death
7:39 it is a bright day that brings forth the adder
7:40 adder uh
7:42 uh
8:05 if we crown him then what are we doing
8:08 is we are giving him a power and that
8:12 power he can do to uh you know do many
8:15 evil things and then I grant grant means
8:17 we give him we put a sting in him sting
8:20 in him refers to the power that we give
8:23 him that at his will he may do danger of it
8:30 he can do evil things with us the abuse
8:33 of greatness is when it disjoints
8:36 remorse from power when you have
8:39 greatness in someone and if that
8:42 greatness is devoid of any compassion
8:44 that is when power becomes very
8:48 dangerous over here remorse refers to
8:51 compassion so when power gets separated
8:54 from compassion that is when the power
8:58 becomes abusive abusive means that power
9:01 is used to harm other people the power
9:04 is used to do evil things and therefore
9:06 power should never be separated from
9:09 compassion and good feeling so remorse
9:12 over here refers to compassion
9:15 and to speak truth of Caesar I have not
9:18 known when his affections swayed more
9:19 than his reason
9:22 he has never seen where emotions get the
9:23 better of his reason
9:26 affections refers to emotions and he has
9:29 never seen that in his life about Caesar
9:38 and therefore he tells him emotions
9:44 practical logical mind
9:46 but it is a common proof that loneliness
9:50 is Young Ambitions letter now here again
9:52 he tells a fact a fact about life
9:55 loneliness refers to humility humble
9:58 your humble quality so
10:01 loneliness is Young Ambitions ladder a
10:05 person who is very ambitious and he is
10:11 Young he uses his humidity to grow up to
10:14 grow in his life a person's a person who
10:16 is very ambitious and young he uses
10:19 humility humbleness to rise in his life
10:22 just like a ladder now when we climb the
10:26 ladder we take those steps right
10:34 so any ambitious man wants to rise in
10:36 his life is Success
10:44 he uses that humble quality office down
10:47 to earth quality where to the climber
10:51 upward turns his face and when he once
10:54 attains the upmost round he then unto
10:57 the ladder turns his back looks in the
11:00 cloud scorning the base degrees by which
11:02 he did a very important and beautiful
11:06 lines Isme what he is telling is as I
11:07 have said that when somebody is climbing
11:10 up the ladder when he once attains the
11:13 upmost round when he receives the final
11:15 step of the ladder when he is almost
11:18 climbed the height that he was looking
11:21 for what is what he does then he then
11:24 unto the ladder turns his back then he
11:26 just turns back
11:28 and looks in the clouds
11:32 he looks up and he forgets all those
11:36 people with whose help he has climbed
11:37 this much
11:40 scorning the base degrees base degrees
11:43 refers to the lower rung of the ladders
11:46 the lower stacks of the ladders and he
11:48 scones them scones them means
11:51 it is approves them by which he did ascend
11:52 ascend
11:56 of course he has climbed that height
11:59 only with the help of those steps right
12:02 but once he is uh there once he has
12:05 reached the full height that time he
12:07 just disapproves he doesn't give any
12:10 kind of consideration to the lower rungs
12:12 of the ladders the steps of the ladders
12:15 with which help he has attained that
12:17 height now that's really bad right when
12:19 we like what is the meaning of this the
12:46 so this is the meaning of the uh you
12:48 know all these lines now there were a
12:50 few um somebody who had mentioned that
12:53 you are explaining the lines in general
12:55 now you have to understand that even
12:58 though if you are understanding each and
13:00 every meaning of the word but this is
13:03 again you know literature and drama when
13:05 you have to understand the meaning you
13:07 have to understand it in whole you can't
13:10 chop the sentences you can chop the
13:12 words like that so that's the reason
13:15 like for this uh you know idea the idea
13:18 is a comprehensive idea right from the
13:20 place it's a common proof that
13:22 loneliness still he did Ascend it's a
13:24 it's one idea right so you have to
13:26 paraphrase the idea in this way this is
13:28 how only we can explain and understand
13:32 better so please avoid chopping and
13:33 breaking the words and sentences into
13:36 bits and pieces yes meanings are
13:37 important but try to get the meaning as
13:40 a whole second thing which I would also
13:41 wanted to add over here I know I'm going
13:44 a little off track that yes many of you
13:45 are requesting me to explain in Hindi
13:48 I'm doing it I'm trying to explain it as
13:50 much as possible in Hindi but I just
13:52 wanted to know one thing are you all
13:54 writing your answers also in Hindi
13:56 please share in the comments if anybody
13:58 is writing the answers also in Hindi
14:01 because if you understand in Hindi how
14:03 are you going to frame your answers in
14:06 English my question is that so is yes if
14:07 you are answering in Hindi let me know
14:10 then I will have a better idea but as
14:12 far as I understand that everybody will
14:13 be writing your answers in English
14:16 therefore the English explanation is
14:19 very important there are some you know
14:20 videos you will get where people are
14:22 explaining in Hindi yes it may help you
14:25 to understand but remember if you listen
14:28 in Hindi if you understand in Hindi when
14:30 you write your sentences it will be a
14:32 direct translation in Hindi or in any
14:34 other Regional language right so that
14:37 would create a lot of grammatical errors
14:39 rather when I'm explaining in English
14:41 I'm using vocabulary which you can note
14:43 down and use them in your answers
14:45 because this is only how it works this
14:47 is only you can get above 95 in
14:50 literature that is how I have taught all
14:51 these years to my students so yes
14:54 understanding purpose Hindi is good but
14:56 please don't translate your answers from
14:58 Hindi to English all right yes let's
15:02 move ahead so Caesar May then lest he
15:05 may prevent so here he tells that yes so
15:07 this is to be honest about Caesar I have
15:10 never seen that you know he is his
15:12 emotions have got the better of his
15:15 reason but it is always seen that there
15:18 are people who become so successful in
15:21 life but then they just forget and with
15:24 whose help they have gained that success
15:27 so Caesar can also do the same and that
15:29 is what we need to prevent and since the
15:32 quarrel will bear no color for the thing
15:35 he is quarrel over here refers to the
15:37 argument the argument that we are
15:39 discussing right now will bear no color
15:41 for the thing a is will bear no color
15:44 over here means that it's not going to
15:47 affect in any ways nothing it will do
15:49 nothing with who he is right now this is
15:53 the way only I have to think fashion it
15:55 does fashion it does means I have to
15:57 think in this way fashion means I have
15:59 to think this matter from this
16:02 perspective that so what he has to think
16:06 that what he is augmented would run to
16:09 these and these extremities and
16:11 therefore think him as a Serpent's egg
16:15 which hatched wood as His Kind grew
16:17 mischievous and kill him in the Shell so
16:19 therefore what we are supposed to do that
16:21 that
16:24 if he got more power his character would
16:26 also be transformed into the extreme one
16:29 that I have described if he is augmented
16:33 means in case if he gets the power would
16:35 run to these and these extremities he
16:38 can also change his behavior the way I
16:40 have discussed changes Behavior means
16:42 what like you know when he becomes
16:44 successful he will not remember us he
16:47 will become over ambitious like a tyrant
16:49 and treat us like slaves uh you know
16:52 will look at us with scorn so this these
16:54 are the things he may do these are the
16:56 extremities that he can show in his
16:58 behavior therefore what are we supposed
17:02 to do think him as a Serpent's except
17:06 snake so what is the serpent say a snake
17:08 is a very dangerous poisonous snake so
17:11 therefore if we consider him to be an
17:15 egg which hatched if the egg is hatched
17:24 will become very mischievous and
17:26 therefore we all need to kill him in the shelves
17:28 shelves
17:31 because if he if this egg is hatched it
17:34 will grow dangerous just like all
17:42 therefore we must kill him while he's
17:45 still in the Shell so therefore before
17:47 he gets a chance to become this
17:49 dangerous let's kill him in the shell
17:52 and the Lucius the taper burneth in your
17:54 closet sir so the taper is there in your
17:57 closet in your study searching the
18:00 window for a flint I found this paper
18:02 the sealed up and I'm sure it did not
18:04 lie there when I went to bed so Lucius
18:07 is telling yes I have kept the candle in
18:09 your study however I have seen some letters
18:10 letters
18:12 the moment I was searching the window
18:15 for a Flint now the Flint is a kind of a
18:18 stone which is mainly used to ignite for
18:21 lighting fire so therefore I found this
18:23 paper now this is the forged letter
18:24 which I was speaking about so I found
18:27 this letter and the paper was sealed up
18:30 like this and at the same time I was I'm
18:32 very sure that when I went to bed the
18:39 so he gives him the letter get you to
18:42 bed again it's not today it's not day so
18:44 yes you can go back to sleep Brutus
18:46 tells so we can say that he is very kind
18:48 and considerate as a master so even
18:50 though he is awake he asks his servant
18:53 to go it's not day it's not tomorrow Boy
18:56 The Ides of March so Brutus is asking
19:00 him he's verifying the date the next day
19:03 the next day is Ides of March March 15th
19:06 I know not sir so Lucius says no I I'm
19:08 really not very sure about it look in
19:10 the calendar and bring me what and then
19:12 he exits so he tells that yes look in
19:14 the calendar and let me know
19:17 I will sir Brutus the exhalations
19:19 whizzing in the air give so much light
19:22 the time we read by them so exhalations
19:24 refers to the meteors now though that
19:25 night they have a lot of meteors in the
19:29 sky so with that light itself he can
19:32 the entire place is so illuminated it
19:34 gives him so much light that he can just
19:36 read the letter so here he opens the
19:38 letter and he reads it
19:40 Brutus now sleepist awake and see
19:42 thyself so the letter this is what is
19:45 written in the letter the Brutus down
19:53 and see thyself wake up and see that who
20:03 Etc speak strike redress
20:06 so this is like urging him to speak up
20:08 against the wrong strike means take
20:17 such instigations have often been
20:18 dropped where I have took them up he
20:20 means that he has often received such
20:22 letters and he has taken them he has
20:25 found them in places and he had to read
20:29 such letters even before shall Rome Etc
20:31 whatever is written in inverted commas
20:34 those are the words from the letter the
20:37 other words which you can see without
20:40 the commas those are his own feelings
20:42 and expressions that he is telling us
20:46 thus Must Die peace it out so thus I
20:53 he's telling that I have to complete the
20:55 thought I have to complete the sentence
20:58 shall Rome stand under one man's o
21:01 shall Rome stand in O of one single man
21:04 o means fear
21:07 entire room should fear one single man
21:09 so one single man is of course Julius
21:11 Caesar what room
21:15 really is it Rome Rome how can Rome just
21:18 stand or be under the tyranny of one
21:19 single man
21:25 I'm telling you that my ancestors did
21:27 from the streets of Rome the tarquin
21:30 drive when he was called a king now
21:34 talking was the last king of Rome and
21:37 here he refers to the expulsion of
21:39 darkwin here he refers to Taco in the
21:42 last king of Rome and he was expelled by
21:45 the ancestors of Julius Caesar so
21:46 therefore he tells that my ancestors
21:49 when tarquin became very cruel and he
21:51 behaved like a tyrant it was my
21:53 ancestors you know my Noble lineage
21:56 actually those who have resisted the
22:07 in history I have seen that it's my
22:10 ancestors who have saved Rome from
22:16 speak strike redress speak strike
22:17 redress I already told you speak up
22:20 against the wrong strike means take an
22:22 action and redress is correct the wrongs
22:25 am I entreated to speak and strike so
22:28 he's asking am I requested are people
22:30 asking me to do so oh Rome I make the
22:33 promise if the redress will follow thou
22:36 receive us thy full petition at the hand
22:38 of Brutus so here at the end he tells
22:42 that yes I promise you I make the
22:44 promise means I promise you
22:48 if the redress will follow if a strike
22:50 would result in the restoration of the
22:52 Republic restoration of the Republic
22:55 means in case Republic is restored once
22:58 again Republic means what when people uh
23:00 you know it's a government of the People
23:01 by the people and for the people right
23:03 so when
23:06 again room becomes a republic and if I
23:08 am able to restore it with my action then
23:10 then
23:12 thou receive was thy full petition at
23:14 the hand of Brutus I would give you
23:16 everything you're asking and that I'm
23:18 going to give you from my own hands I'm
23:20 going to give everything from my own
23:22 hands for the benefit betterment
23:25 well-being of Rome to make it a republic
23:27 once again where it is not going to be
23:29 ruled and it is not going to be on the
23:32 tyranny of one single man and after
23:33 receiving the letters this is the
23:35 promise that he makes so we know that
23:38 Brutus is now fully convinced and
23:41 cassius's motive the plot deepens
23:44 further and let's see what happens after
23:46 this so with this I take leave this is
23:48 where I'm going to stop today again this
23:50 is a very long scene I'm going to divide
23:53 it at least in five parts so yes keep
23:55 watching small small bits and chunks
23:57 what I'm doing revise reflect write your
24:00 answers and yeah if you like the content
24:03 if you think I'm really helping all of
24:05 you please subscribe share the videos
24:07 and leave a comment if you want to share
24:10 anything thank you so much and have have
