This content explores the complexities of human behavior by examining anomalies, paradoxes, and inconsistencies, providing tools to analyze these deviations from expected norms and motivations within literary texts.
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in our last lesson we took a look at
what human qualities and emotions are
and pondered how they can arise or come
to be associated with particular human experiences
experiences
to help identify the qualities and
emotions explored in our texts
we looked at some useful models
including the big five personality traits
traits
and robert plutchik's emotional colour wheel
wheel
today we'll be addressing the anomalies paradoxes
paradoxes
and inconsistencies within human behavior
behavior
let's start with the first sentence of
the second paragraph of the rubric
texts may give insight into the anomalies
anomalies
paradoxes and inconsistencies in human
behavior and motivations
we will explore each of these anomalies paradoxes
paradoxes
and then inconsistencies while asking
how and why they appear in human behavior
behavior
and motivation this lesson will help you
expand your vocabulary
and develop more sophisticated ideas in
your essays
so what are anomalies in human behavior
or motivation
basically an anomaly is something
different from what is normally expected
in every human society there are
standards of how we should
normally behave some of these standards
are written in law
for example in australia we have laws
against killing
or hurting other people stealing from
them and
defacing their property other standards
of acceptable behaviour
are less concrete and relate more to unspoken
unspoken
for example there's no law against
being a messy eater in a fancy
restaurant but we all follow the social
expectation to be
polite and many aboriginal and torres
strait islander people groups
have complex social norms about family relationships
relationships
social norms aren't just about behaviour
they also shape our motivations
and goals in life as we go through
school and
university we learn various skills that
gear us
towards taking up certain roles within
our communities
such as doctors lawyers accountants and
so on
we are also taught to value certain ideas
ideas
to try our best to act intelligently
to strive for success in our careers to
be kind
an anomaly however is any behavior or
motivation that somehow
differs or deviates from these sorts of
standards and expectations
while you read your text ask questions
like these
do your characters deviate from social norms
norms
are their actions and motives anomalous
this section of the rubric enables us to
look at deviant aspects of human behavior
behavior
and to contemplate why these behaviors occur
occur
think about crime why do people commit crimes
crimes
does crime arise from particular
negative human experiences
think about the nature versus nurture
debate which we discussed earlier in our lesson
lesson
on human qualities and emotions basically
basically
the nature versus nurture debate is the
disagreement about whether behaviour and motivations
motivations
are part of someone's inbuilt nature or
due to their nurture
that is their experiences throughout life
in your texts were the antagonists the
bad guys
born bad or did their past experiences
make them who they are maybe anomalous
behaviour and motivation
spring from a combination of nature and
nurture when you look at cultural deviancy
deviancy
ask what assumptions in our society make
a particular behaviour
anomalous in some cultures like in the west
west
people are quick to identify someone who
hears voices
as mentally ill or schizophrenic
the anomalous experience of hearing
voices is explained
however a recent study interviewed
people from america
ghana and india who all reported
hearing voices the ghanaians and indians
were much more likely to think about the
voices they heard in a positive light
while the americans had very negative experiences
experiences
so you can see that different cultures
often understand anomalies
when reading our texts sometimes
characters may act in ways that are anomalous
anomalous
with their prior characterization remember
remember
characterization is the way authors
represent the distinct
qualities of each character for example
a good character may impulsively perform an
an
act of evil if this occurs try to
account for this anomaly
did a particular situation trigger this
how does the character explain this
anomaly within their identity
does it change who they are these aren't
easy questions
but when you tackle them your teacher
next up is paradoxes in human behavior
and motivation
paradoxes are a bit different from anomalies
anomalies
while anomalies refer to deviant
behaviors that are hard to understand
paradoxes are contradictions that on the
surface may be
unexplainable but after careful investigation
investigation
may be resolvable or at least understandable
understandable
to understand paradoxes don't just
interpret a character's surface behavior
or intentions
instead we have to look for deeper or latent
latent
psychological drives let's work through
some examples together
try to spot the paradoxes as we go
let's meet john he is charismatic and confident
confident
he always shows off by boasting about
how great his life is
and spends a lot of time trying to
however when john spends time alone with
his thoughts
he feels miserable weak and inferior to
his peers
can you spot the paradox or contradiction
contradiction
how can john be confident and have low self-esteem
