Orthodox Church in the first half of the
17th century I am Maria Pavlychko this is the
histube channel let's consider the topic we
already know that after the Union of Brest in
1596 the Orthodox Church was
actually banned and
various segments of Ukrainian
society came to its defense Ukrainian Orthodox
Burghers who rallied around
Orthodox brotherhoods they protected
Orthodox churches from capture by
Uniates and Catholics and also defended the
interests of Orthodox in the courts in
turn the Cossacks in 1615 contributed to the
formation of the Kiev Epiphany
Brotherhood the Cossacks together with the people of Kiev
opposed the attempts of the Uniates to transform the
Kiev-Pechersk Monastery there
Michael's Monastery from Orthodox to
Uniate in their turn the Orthodox
Orthodox
nobles who obtained from the king a
ban on forced conversion from
Orthodoxy to another faith in 1620
several circumstances occurred in favor of the
Orthodox Church and it was in this year 1620 that he
returned from Muscovy The
Patriarch of Jerusalem Theophanes and he came to visit
Kyiv and then the higher
Orthodox Kyiv clergy made themselves known, who were not
afraid to go against the will of the tsar and
asked Theophanes to restore the higher
Orthodox hierarchy in Ukraine, in particular
in Kyiv. Another very important event
that took place in 1620 in favor of
supporting Orthodoxy was that the hetman of the
Zaporozhian army Petro
Sahaidachny, together with the entire Zaporozhian army,
joined the Kyiv
Orthodox brotherhood, which testified to the
enormous and colossal support for
Orthodoxy by the Cossacks. As a result of all
these and at the trenches of
Ukraine in the 20th year, the
church Orthodox hierarchy was restored in Ukraine. It
is emphasized that it happened in 1620, how did
it all happen in 1620? The
Patriarch of Jerusalem Theophanes, about whom
we spoke a little earlier, consecrated
six Orthodox bishops and one
Metropolitan. Job became Metropolitan.
Boretsky or Job Boretsky, who had
previously been the rector of the St. Michael's
Golden-Domed Monastery and the rector of the
Kiev Brotherhood School, the Polish government of the Polish-
Lithuanian Commonwealth did not recognize these bishops
and the Metropolitan recognized them as traitors. But
in fact, they could not do anything about them. And
why because both the bishops and the Metropolitan
were under the personal protection of Peter
Konashevich-Sagaydachny and the entire
Zaporozhian Army, but they still
managed to legalize the Orthodox
Church in Ukraine over time. Let's talk about this.
How it happened after the
Union of Brest in
1596, and the Orthodox nobles and
later the Cossack embassies submitted requests to the
Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and to the king
for the restoration of the Orthodox
Church in Ukraine, but every year
they did not take these requests into account. The
king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at that time was
Sigismund the Third, and he did not respond
to these requests in any way until one beautiful
moment when The throne of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was
ascended by the son of Sigismund III,
Władysław IV, and this happened in 1632.
1632.
Several events and circumstances
that took place both in the world and directly
on the territory of Ukraine also contributed to this legalization of the Orthodox Church in 1632. In 1632, the
Deulun Peace
Treaty between the Moscow Kingdom and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth expired,
and accordingly, the Polish
king needed to enlist
the support of the Orthodox Cossacks against the
Moscow Kingdom so that in the
event of a new war against the Moscow
Kingdom, the Cossacks would side with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
In order to enlist
the support of the Orthodox Cossacks, it was
necessary to make certain concessions. And
these concessions were actually manifested in the
recognition of the Orthodox Church, and
Władysław IV wanted to establish his
authority as a ruler both within the
country itself and beyond, but this was
impossible. If you have three thousand
religious confrontations in your country, they need to be
leveled or simply nullified, and
accordingly, in such conditions, to the newly
elected king. The Orthodox
path and the Orthodox clergy appealed to the
Orthodox Burghers with a demand to
legalize the Orthodox Church in
1632, Oburecki had already died and
Petro Mohyla was elected as the new Metropolitan of Kyiv.
This is simply a brilliant figure in the
history of the Orthodox Church and in the history of
Ukraine, and all this together contributed to the fact
that in 1632, points were issued to
appease the Russian, that is, the
Ukrainian people. I emphasize that this
document, points to appease the
Russian people, in
1632, the legalization of the
Kyiv Metropolis was recognized, and the
Orthodox Church was also
allowed to have its own churches, monasteries,
printing houses in the city of Kyiv. All
Orthodox people returned their churches and
monasteries, except for the Vydubychi Monastery, and it is
very important that this document, points
to appease the Russian people,
recognized the Kiev Orthodox
Metropolitan and the first recognized Orthodox Metropolitan after the
Brest Union of 1596,
1596,
became Petro
Mohyla. Petro Mohyla's full name is Petro.
Simeonovich Mohyla, who came from an
ancient Moldavian Boyar family,
who was born in the Moldavian town of
Suceava, which is modern Romania. Petro
Mohyla received his education at the Lviv Brotherhood
School and later graduated from the Zamoyski
Academy before he was elected
metropolitan, namely until
1632. Petro Mohyla served in the army of the Polish-
Lithuanian Commonwealth and participated in the Khotyn
War. By the way, Petro Mohyla was born in the
year when the Union of Brest was adopted.
Write in the comments what year it was. At the
age of 29, Petro Mohyla, under the influence of Job
Boretsky, took monastic tonsure and
two years later became the abbot, that is, the
archimandrite of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, and in
1631 founded the Lavra school. When in
1632 Petro Mohyla was officially recognized as the
Kiev Orthodox Metropolitan, the
first thing he did when he became a
metropolitan was to carry out a
number of reforms in order to establish
discipline and order within the
Orthodox Church itself. First of all, he
introduces supervision over the
Orthodox clergy and also
introduces the procedure for introducing religious services,
regulates the work of the consistory, this is a court for
clergy and also limits the right of
magnates of noble brotherhoods to interfere
in church affairs and it is very important that
during religious services, Petro Mohyla
introduces instead of
Church Slavonic the Russian language, that is, the
Old Ukrainian language, that is, the
language still had importance in the 17th century
and it was Petro Mohyla who introduced
Sunday sermons and teachings for the laity
in the church. Petro Mohyla understood very well
that the level of education and training of
priests is reflected in the state of the
Orthodox Church itself and it was Petro
Mohyla who made sure that all
Orthodox priests underwent
appropriate training. Remember, I
talked about the fact that in 1631 Petro
Mohyla founded the Lavra school, in the following
following
1632 Petro Mohyla united the Kiev
Brotherhood School and the Lavra school into one
single educational institution. And so in
1632, the
first educational institution
providing higher education appeared on our Ukrainian lands, the
Kiev-Brotherly Collegium, which later
began to be called in honor of its founder, the
founder, the
Kiev-Mohyla Collegium, which is
known to us today as the
Kiev-Mohyla Academy. Petro Mohyla
not only established order within the
Kiev Metropolis, he also probably
prescribed and prescribed it all in
church books. A certain figure, Isaiah
Trofimovich, with the participation and assistance of Petro
Mohyla, wrote the so-called Orthodox and
Confession of Faith, this is a book about the foundations of
Orthodox doctrine. In
1646, Petro Mohyla published a book
called Trebnik, this is a book in which the
order of services in the
Orthodox Church is clearly spelled out. The 30s and forties of the
17th century are a period of huge
reforms and renewal of the Kiev Metropolis
in a different way. This period, the 30s and forties of the
17th century, is also called the Mohyla period.
period in honor of Metropolitan Petro
Mohyla Orthodox Metropolitan Petro
Mohyla died in 1647 and was buried
in the Dormition Cathedral of the
Kiev-Pechersk Lavra So today we
talked with you on the topic of the Orthodox Church
in the first half of the 17th century We
found out that the situation of the Orthodox
Church after the Brest Union of
1596 was extremely difficult and
accordingly all strata of Orthodox
Ukrainian society came out to
defend their Orthodox Church and in
1620 the highest
Orthodox hierarchy was restored in Ukraine This
happened thanks to the Jerusalem Patriarch
Feofan who consecrated 6 bishops there The
Orthodox Metropolitan became the first
Orthodox Metropolitan after the
Brest Union Boretsky
but he was not recognized by the ruling elite
Things were officially recognized The Kyiv
Orthodox Metropolis was in
1632 points to appease the
Russian people It was this document that
recognized the activities of the Kyiv
Metropolitan and The first officially
recognized metropolitan is Petro Mohyla. The
period when Petro Mohyla is the
Metropolitan of Kyiv is the 30s and 40s of the 17th
century, which is called the Mohyla period, because
because
Metropolitan Petro Mohyla devoted almost all of his activities to
renewing and reforming the Kyiv
Metropolis. Thank you for your
