0:05 [Music]
0:07 human rights is
0:09 um geez that's a good question human
0:13 rights oh that's tough wow
0:16 um I don't even know how to give that a
0:17 definition I would probably have to do a
0:19 little bit of homework or something any
0:21 right that I think any just as a normal
0:23 you know uh human any the rights that humans
0:25 humans
0:28 have oh that's a very large debate
0:38 we just take them for granted that
0:40 they're there but we don't even consider
0:41 what they [Music]
0:50 [Music]
0:53 are human rights are the rights you have
0:56 simply because you're human it's how you
0:58 instinctively expect and deserve to be
1:00 treated as a person like the right to
1:02 live freely to speak your mind and to be
1:04 treated as an
1:07 equal there are many kinds of Rights
1:10 most apply to a certain group but human
1:12 rights are the only ones that apply to
1:15 absolutely everyone everywhere that
1:17 means kids old people poor people
1:19 basketball players garbage men rappers
1:21 teachers Africans Indians albanians
1:23 Christians Muslims cabalists atheists
1:24 your mom your dad your next door
1:27 neighbor and you all have the exact same
1:31 human rights in other words they're
1:34 Universal but the question remains what
1:37 are they name human the human rights
1:39 what the human rights are um the right
1:43 to live um equality between All Peoples
1:45 right to religion the right
1:47 to is there supposed to be a list
1:49 somewhere I should be aware of according
1:51 to the United Nations there are a total
1:54 of 30 human rights which are usually
1:56 lumped together and called simply human
1:58 rights they're all listed out in a
2:00 universal Declaration of Human Rights
2:01 which is the world's most widely
2:04 accepted document on the subject but it
2:06 was a long time in
2:10 coming at first there were no human
2:12 rights if you were in with the right
2:16 crowd you were safe if you weren't well
2:18 you weren't but then a guy named Cyrus
2:21 the Great decided to change all that
2:22 after conquering Babylon he did
2:24 something completely
2:26 revolutionary he announced that all
2:30 slaves were free to go he also said
2:32 people had the freedom to choose their
2:34 religion no matter what crowd they were
2:37 a part of they documented his words on a
2:40 clay tablet known as the Cyrus cylinder
2:43 and just like that human rights were
2:47 born the idea spread quickly to Greece
2:50 to India and eventually to Rome they
2:52 noticed that people naturally followed
2:54 certain laws even if they weren't told
2:58 to they called this natural law but it
3:00 kept getting trampled on by the those in
3:02 power not until a thousand years later
3:04 in England did they finally get a king
3:06 to agree that no one can overrule the
3:09 rights of the people not even a king
3:12 people's rights were finally recognized
3:14 and they were now safe from those in
3:18 power kind of it still took a bunch of
3:19 British Rebels declaring their
3:22 independence before the king got the
3:26 point that all men are created equal
3:28 which isn't to say he liked the idea but
3:31 he couldn't stop them and America was
3:33 born the French immediately followed
3:35 with their own Revolution for their own
3:37 rights their list was even longer and
3:39 they insisted that these rights weren't
3:43 just made up they were natural the Roman
3:46 concept of natural law had become
3:49 natural rights unfortunately not
3:52 everyone was so thrilled in France a
3:54 general named Napoleon decided to
3:56 overthrow the new French democracy and
4:00 Crown himself emperor of the world
4:02 he almost succeeded but the countries of
4:05 Europe joined forces and defeated him
4:08 Human Rights was again a Hot Topic they
4:11 drew up International agreements broadly
4:13 granting many rights across
4:16 Europe but only across Europe the rest
4:18 of the world somehow still didn't
4:21 qualify instead they got invaded
4:23 conquered and consumed by Europe's massive
4:24 massive
4:27 Empires but then a young lawyer from
4:30 India decided enough was enough
4:33 his name was Mahatma Gandhi and in the
4:35 face of violence he insisted that all
4:38 people of Earth had rights not just in
4:41 Europe eventually even Europeans started
4:44 to agree but it wasn't going to be that
4:48 easy two world wars erupted Hitler
4:50 exterminated half the Jewish population
4:54 of Earth in horrifying Nazi death camps
4:57 all told 90 million people
5:00 died never had human rights been so
5:02 terrifyingly close to
5:04 extinction and never had the world been
5:06 more desperate for
5:09 change so the countries of Earth banded
5:12 together and formed the United
5:15 Nations their basic purpose was to
5:18 reaffirm faith in fundamental human
5:20 rights in the dignity and worth of the human
5:21 human
5:25 person but what were human rights were
5:28 they the proclamations of Cyrus the
5:30 natural laws of Rome
5:32 the Declarations of France everyone
5:34 seemed to have a slightly different idea
5:36 of what human rights should
5:39 be but under the supervision of Eleanor
5:41 Roosevelt they finally agreed on a set
5:44 of rights that applied to absolutely
5:48 everyone the universal Declaration of Human
5:49 Human
5:52 Rights the French concept of natural
5:56 rights had finally become human rights
5:59 so in summary at first only a few lucky
6:01 people had any rights until one of those
6:03 guys decided hey other people should
6:05 have some rights too which was great
6:07 except not everyone agreed and it only
6:09 took a few thousand years of fighting
6:11 and declarations and more fighting until
6:13 everyone finally agreed that human
6:16 rights should apply to everyone and they
6:18 all lived happily ever
6:21 after except for one little
6:24 problem if people have the right to food
6:27 and shelter why are 16,000 children
6:30 dying of starvation every day one every 5
6:31 5
6:34 seconds if people have freedom of speech
6:36 why are thousands in prison for speaking their
6:37 their
6:40 minds if people have the right to
6:42 education why are over a billion adults
6:46 unable to read if slavery has truly been
6:49 abolished why are 27 million people
6:51 still enslaved today more than twice as
6:53 many as in
6:56 1800 the fact is when it was signed the
6:58 universal Declaration of Human Rights
7:02 did not have the force of law it was
7:05 optional and despite many more documents
7:07 conventions treaties and
7:11 laws it's still little more than words
7:12 on a
7:15 page so the question is who will make
7:19 those words a
7:21 reality I have a dream
7:24 today when Dr King marched for racial
7:26 equality he was Marching for rights that
7:28 had been guaranteed by the United
7:30 Nations for almost two
7:32 decades but still he
7:35 marched when Nelson Mandela stood up for
7:38 social justice in the 1990s his country
7:40 had already agreed to abolish such
7:43 discrimination for almost 40 years but
7:44 still he
7:47 fought those who fight today Against
7:50 torture poverty and discrimination are
7:53 not Giants or
7:54 superheroes they're
7:59 people kids mothers fathers
8:02 teachers freethinking individuals who
8:04 refuse to be
8:06 silent who realize that human rights are
8:09 not a history lesson they're not words
8:11 on a page they're not speeches or
8:13 commercials or PR
8:16 campaigns they are the choices we make
8:19 every day as human beings they are the
8:22 responsibility we all share to respect
8:25 each other to help each other and to
8:27 protect those in
8:31 need as Eleanor Roosevelt said where
8:33 after all do Universal human rights
8:37 begin in small places close to home so
8:40 close and so small that they cannot be
8:42 seen on any maps of the
8:44 world yet they are the world of the
8:47 individual person the neighborhood he
8:50 lives in the school or college he
8:53 attends the factory farm or office where he
8:55 he
8:57 works such are the places where every
9:00 man woman and child child seeks Equal
9:04 justice equal opportunity equal dignity without
9:06 without
9:08 discrimination unless these rights have meaning
9:10 meaning
9:15 [Applause] [Music]
9:28 [Music] anywhere
