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RPH, CHAPTER 2: Revisiting Corazon’s Speech Before the US Congress | Teacher MJ | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: RPH, CHAPTER 2: Revisiting Corazon’s Speech Before the US Congress
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hello good day everybody welcome back to
our subject readings in Philippine
history we are still in our chapter two
which is all about the content and
contextual analysis of selected primary
sources in the Philippine history
so our topic for today will be the uh
last discussion under chapter two this
will be the uh last primary source that
we are going to identify or examine its
context and as well as context so again
this will be the last primary source
that we need to examine it's content and
its context for us to know deeply what
happened in this uh certain events and
we had our first primary source which is
all about the uh a brief summary of the
first voyage around the world by maalan
by Antonio Pega
fetta the second primary
source was the KKK and the caran and
Katipunan thirdd is the readings uh I
mean reading the proclamation of the Philippine
Philippine
Independence and our previous discussion
was all about a glance at the selected
uh uh Philippine political caricature in
Alfred McCoy's Philippine cartoon
or the political caricature of the
American era from 1900s to 1941 and now
this will be the last primary source
which is all about the
revisiting corazona Kino speech before
US Congress so in this topic we are going
going
to uh know and witness the corinos
speech and we can take cues not just on
Cory his uh individual ideas and
aspiration but also the guiding
principles and framework of the
government that she represented but
first let's take a look in the
background of Corazon aino so Maria
Corazon Cory sumulong quango aino mon
complete name was born on January 25
1933 in paniki Tarlac
she was born to The
prominent prominent quango family if we say
say
prominent important or or a famous
family and she served as the 11 take
note 11th President of the Philippines
no and take note that uh she served as
the 11th President of the Philippines
from February 25
1986 until June 303
1992 another is that uh died on August 1
2009 at Ma Medical Center at the age of
76 and she graduated at Far Eastern
University after graduating from
college uh Corey aino studied law at Far
Eastern University in
1953 okay next
Corino she was a Filipino politician who
served as the 11th President of the
Philippines and the first woman to hold
that office again first woman to hold
that office and she was the first
democratically elected president no
again first to
highlight democratically elected
president and first famale president in
Asia and if I'm not mistaken kakino was
indeed the first famale president not
only in Asia but also in the entire
world next she was the most prominent
figure of the 1986 People Power
Revolution because uh Corey aino became
a prominent figure a Philippine history
for her role in The People Power
Revolution in 19 86 which uh she led the out
out
orwa or mahawa president Marcos and restore
restore
democ and 11th president s
Philippines Mark as a significant moment
in the Philippine history and pave the
way for another famale leaders in as IIA
and around the world and also she was
named in a Time magazines as a woman of
the year in 1986 prior of this she had
not held any other elective office
B prior experience in elective office or in
in
politics leadership during at critical
period Philippine history she earned respect
respect
both domestically and internationally
internationally
and uh
presidency uh paved the way for the
Philippines to regain its Democratic and
para inspired and Oban women in politics
globally next is that she was married
to senator benno aino againa married to
Senator benino aino Jr the Stan chest
correcty Corino was married
oror benno aino
aino
Pro prominent no prominent opposition
figure in the stound chest stound
critique of President
Ferdinand Marcos Nino
aino no nino aino was a former Senator
and had been a vocal critic of Marcos
especially authoritarian Rule and
Corruption during the terms of Marcos
and she Cor aino emerged as a leader of
the opposition after he uh her husband
assassinated on August 21 1983 upon
roring to the Philippines from Exile in
the United States so see Cory aino
central figure in this in the call for
Democratic reforms and uh standing
against the authoritarian rule of
President Ferdinand
Marcos Emer
emergence as in leader was fluid no by
the uh tragic event of her husband's
assassination and the desire for
so speechy but before proceed
speech ill and death of Cory aino so on March
March
24 2008 aino family announced that the
former president had diagnosed with colal
colal
cancer upon her being earlier informed
by her doctors that she had only three
months to leave so she pursued medical
treatment and
chemotherapy so uh kakino the former
president of the Philippines was
diagnosed with colal cancer so colal
cancer disase in which cells in the
colon or rectum grow out of control so
she was uh diagnosed with this type of
cancer in March
24 uh 2008 despite undergoing
treatment undergoing treatment including
uh surgery and chemotherapy medical
treatment and chemotherapy Corey aino
pass away on August take note passed
away on August s
August August okay namat on
year9 okay her battle with uh coloral
tenser brought attention to the
importance of early detection and
treatment of the disease so a series of
healing for aino were held throughout
the country intended for her recovery
because Cory aino known Woulda as
devoted in Catholic faith and her
illness uh garnered
widespread public concern and sympathy
and also during put time Catholic Church
being a significant institution in the
Philippines played a central role in
providing both uh spiritual and
emotional Comfort to the nation during
challenging time times such as the
health struggles of the prominent
figur Corey
aino in a public uh statement during one
healing mass on May 13 2008 Corey aino
said that her blood test indicated that
she was responding well no responding
well to treatment her hair and appetite
lost were apparent so during s healing
on May 13
208 uh 20
so statement about health condition in that
that
statement blood test uh indicated
positive progress in response cancer
treatment that she was undergoing
however the
acknowledge some visible effects
treatment such as hair loss and lost of appetite
appetite
no and Maria coron Cory sumulong kakino
function as the symbol of the
restoration again take note symbol of
restoration of democracy and the
overthrow of the Marcos dictatorship in
1986 yes that's correct that Corey
played a crucial role in the restoration
of democracy in the Philippines she
became a symbol of People Power
Revolution year 1986 which uh led to the
overthrow of the long uh stand
authoritarian regime of President Ferdinand
Marcos next here is this one
so uh the EDSA People Power Revolution
which installed Corey aino in the
presidency put the Philippines in the
international Spotlight for overthrowing
a dictator through peaceful means so the
the is a People Power Revolution in 198
uh6 bro uh International Spotlight now
attention to the Philippines
and event took place along the
EPO de los Santos Avenue or EDSA Mai
major highway in Metro Manila and this
event P was last lasted from February 22
People Power Revolution was often cited
no was often cited as an inspiration for
another movement advocating for
democracy and human rights around the
world and Cory was easily a figure of
the said Revolution as the Widow of the
slain maros oppositionist and former
Senator Beno noinoi aino Jr therefore cor
cor
aino corino's role in uh role Nia Eda
People Power Revolution was deeply
connected personal history and the
tragic events surrounding the assassination
assassination
husband Senator Beno Nino aino Jr in
1983 next Corey was hoisted as the
antithesis of the Ator no anti thisis of
dictator indeed that candidacy Corey and
her subsequent uh presidency symbolize a
break from the oppressive rule of U
Marcos and that's why Corey was hoisted
no Corey was hoisted as the
antithesis of the dictator which was
Marcos next is theod her image is a
morning widowed uh housewife who had
always been in the the shadow of her
husband and relatives and had no
experience take note had no experience
in politics was just oppose against
marus statement stat menhip eloquence
Charisma and cunning political skills C
Corey was uh portrayed as a grieving
Widow limited political experiences and
this was cons uh this uh yes this was
con contract Ed sharply Kang Marcos who
was depicted as a very skilled and very
charismatic statement which political abilities
or in terms politics so neverless P Cory
was able to capture the imagination of
the people whose rights and freedom had
long been compromised throughout the
Marcos regim so indeed that corzan aino
was able to capture the imagination of
the Filipino people who had suffered
years of political repression human
rights uh violation of Human Rights
corruption and Marcus regim and her
personal story as the graving Widow of
uh Senator benno added a powerful and
emotional Dimension to her candidacy and
Cory aino became a symbol of resilience
hope and fight for the country's uh
democracy this is despite that the fact
that Corey came from a Hender family in
Tarlac and owned vast state of sugar
Plantation and H relative occupy local
local and national government position
so it's true that c Cory aino came from
a prominent and a wealthy political
family in Tarlac no so um
uh I mean her family the Quang of family
no had had a uh history of involvement
in both local and national government
positions or politics so what happened
in the People Power Revolution of 1986
so let's see some happenings during the
People Power Revolution of
1986 so the People Power Revolution of
1986 was widely recognized no widely
think not how widely recognized around
the world for its
peaceful character or peaceful
Revolution and the People Power
Revolution of 1986 the
Philippines it gained
or Global recognition for its peaceful
Revolution
Filipinos NE gathered
alonga protest against the authoritarian
rule of President ferdinan Marcos so
when former Senator Nino aino was shoot
at the
tarmac of the Manila International
Airport August 21
1983 the Marcus regim greatly suffered a
crisis of legitimacy no because the
protest from different sectors
frequented different areas in the
country and on August 21 19 uh 83 no
former um Senator Beno Nino aino Jr he
was ass assassinated at the tarmak of
Manila International Airport so the
implication is that this event
significantly uh damaged the legitimacy
of Marcus region so the crisis of
legitimacy K crisis of legitimacy
suggest that government
face severe lose of public trust and
credibility due to controversial circumstances
circumstances
also students religious groups Business
Leaders to every day citizen organize
and participate in the revolution and
this protest where a manifestation of
the widespread dis
dissatisfaction Sam Marcos government
questioning its credibility and
governance and Mark a torning point in
Philippine political history eventually
contributing to the People Power
Revolution so Marcus credibility in the
International Community also suffered
paired with a looming economic crisis
Marcus had to do something to prove to
his allies in the United State that he
remained to be a
democratically anointed uh leader of the
country so the assassination of Nino
aino not only sparked domestic Perle but
also nakad damage
president H Ferdinand Marcos on the
international stage no Nala or down
credibil Marcos and an uh impending
economic crisis threatened by the
stability s Philippines and in response
challenges no and to reassure his
allies in the United States s Marcos was
compelled to take actions to demonstrate
that he's still the legitimate
Democratic leader of the country which
is Philippines so Marcos called for a
snap election in February 1986 where
Cory aino the Widow of slain Senator was
convinced to run no Cory aino was
convinced to run against Marcus so snap
election so if we say snap election is
an election called earlier than expected
or scheduled so in an attempt to
stabilize his regim and prove his
Democratic legitimacy himself Marcos
both domestically and
internationally Ferdinand Marcos
nag snap election in February
February
1896 and Cory the Widow assassinated
Senator Nino aino was persuaded to run
against Marcos in this
election so the canvasing was riged to
maros favor but the people expressed
their protest uh people expressed their
protest against the corrupt and
authoritarian government because during
the snap election in February 1986 in
the Philippines allegations of
widespread El uh El uh
electoral electoral fraud and
manipulation emerg with a canvassing of
votes no conving of votes heavily
criticized for being rigged in favor of
Marcos leading military officials of the
region and martial law orchestrators
themselves Juan p eni and Fidel V Ramos
plotted to take over the presidency
until civilians heed the call of the
Manila Arch Bishop haime cardinal sin no
and other civilian leaders gathered in in
in
EDSA and that's correct because during
the EDSA People Power Revolution in
1986 Juan Pon enre was the minister they
cannot have minister of defense and
cidel Ramos uh the vice Chief of Staff
of the Armed
Forces so
this military official in Rel and Ramos
both of them had been associated with
the Marcus regim and the implementation
of Martial law and initially plotted to
take over the presidency of Ferdinand
Marcos however plans to talk an
unexpected turnor when
Cardinal AR Bishop of Manila is call to
the public to support the the rebel
military leaders in response to this
call along with the urging of the other
civilian leaders masses of ordinary
Filipinos gathered at EDSA torning the
military rebellions into a people's
movement shot next is the overwhelming
presence of civilians in tsas
successfully torn EOP into a civilian
demonstration the thousands of people
who gathered over through Ferdinand
Marcos from the presidency after
21 years indeed the overwhelming
presence of civilians in EDSA during uh
People Power Revolution in 1986 played a
decisive role in torning what initial
began as a military cou into a massive
and peaceful civilian uh demonstration
so the collective action of thousands if
not millions of Filipinos from lahi or
various walks of lifea along EDSA
creating a human barricade against any violent
violent
escalation and uh this peaceful assembly
fueled by by the uh determination of
ordinary citizens and the withdrawal of
support from K military and political
figures effectively led to the
overthrow of Ferdinand Marcos from the
presidency after his 21y year rule
so that's what happened in the People
Power Revolution of 1986
1986
so this is
a a picture of the new president no
Corazon aino takes uh her off as a
president marking the culmination of the
4 day People Power Revolution in
1986 so next picture this is the 4-day
event from February 22 to 25 will
forever be Etch in history as the
bloodless Revolution which uh culminated
with the end of a dictatorship that was
also marked by a human rights violation
violation
so during the People Power
Revolution and Cory aino together with
uh this Filipino people say Revolution
so a thousand of Filipino
Filipinos took to the streets and
clamored for freedom from the two deade
Iron Fist rule of then president
Ferdinand Marcos
banana and this is Ferdinand Marcos uh
final speech after his inauguration and
before his flight to Hawaii and
Ferdinand Marcos held on the presidency
from 1965 until the apprising forced him
and his family to leave the country in
1986 after the People Power Revolution
uh his to DED rule saw the imposition of
Martial law and various human rights
abuses especially against those he deem
critical of the
government and the Marcus family here
the Marcus family moments after taking
his oth of office in ceremonies in
February 25 1986 so
NAA Marcos and the Marcos uh the
children of Marcos SI bong bong iy and
Irene part and now let's see and witness
the content of the speech of President coron
coron
aino this is a speech to a joint session
of the US Congress delivered 18th of
September 1986 Washington District of
Colombia so on 18th of September 1986 7
months since Corey became president she
went to the United State and spoke
before the joint session of the US
Congress Corey was welcomed with a long
Applause as she talked to the podium and
address the United State about her
presidency and the challenges faced by
the new Republic so approximately seven
months into her presidency Corey aino
traveled to uh United States during her
visit she addressed a joint
session of the United State Congress no
the speech was a significant moment in
the Philippine American relation and an
opportunity for president aino to share
uham vision for the Philippines update
the US government and the development in
her uh Administration and of course seek
support for the country's political and
economic stability and aino speech uh
emphasize democratic values and the
commitment to rebuilding the Philippines
after the disruptive years under
Demarcus regim so she began Her speech
with a story of her leaving the United
State three years prior as as newly
elected wife of noinoi
aino and she then told that uh and she
then told of noinoi Nino's
character convection and resol and
opposing authoritarianism of Marcos she
talk of the three times that they lost
no she talk she talked three times that
they lost n noi
including on Aug uh 23 the first time was
was
when uh the dictatorship detained dinoy
with other denters denter oppose in
politics or oppose law in relation to
the politics so Cory related so
with this statement No the government
treated um him very badly putting uh
Nino aino in a small and stuffy cell
earless ha in a Mil in a military camp
and threatening to harm him despite this
Nino stayed for p days 43 days they
didn't tell his family where he was and
making feel them like they had lost inoi so
family so this was the first Detention
of noo aino next Cory
part I know you know how to read Nam so
Cory explain that after surviving the
first uh detention face serious charges
like subversion murder and other crimes
so he was Tried by a military court but
noo strongly doubted it's fairness
noo fairness in protest um he went on
Hunger Strike refusing to eat for 40
days no fasting for 40 days to empath is
objected objection to the proceedings
and Cory treated this event as the
second time that they that their family
lost noo so
again face SES sub uh sub verion monish
uh attempting to undermine the
government and M and other crimes next
and Corey
said is summarized that uh n no faced
charges like submersion and murder
leading to a military commission trial
no leading to a military uh commission
trial so in response G challenge si uh n
no challenge noi with the authority of
the commission and went on a fasting s viewing
viewing
survival as a sign
from God no intended him for another Fai
despite the government's effort to keep
him alive after his brain was affected H
Nino ended his fast on a 40th Day so his
determination to see the fast through
demonstrated his unwavering commitment
to his cause and that's the second when
they lost Ino so Nino's death was the
third and the last time again Nino's
death was the third third and the last
time that Cory and their children
children lost Eno so she continued so
through this passage no Cory aino losing
someone was in a painful
way political circumstances so the new
came to us in
Boston it had to be after the three
happiest of our lives together though according
according
per and the courage and Faith by which
so no as uh nothing
nothing dictator
Marcos uh 2
million people
no aside
actively
attendo and this signifies if powerful Collective
Collective
enough
cementerio and Corey attributed the
peaceful itsa Revolution to the
martyrdom of nooi she stated that the
death of nooi sparked the Revolution and
the responsibility of offering the Democratic
Democratic
alternative and had fallen on her
shoulders so Cory's address introduced
as to her Democratic philosophy which
she claimed she also acquired from
noinoi so Cory credited the peaceful Ida
Revolution to noo martyrdom
stating noo was ignited
Uprising and inspiring them to raise up
no in demand for change and democracy
she expressed no also s cor Express a
sense of responsibility
to uh provide a democratic alternative
no Democratic Al
alternative Mona a duty that she felt
had fallen on her shoulder so Cory
address unveiled her Democratic philosophy
influence
influence in shaping her vision for the
country's future and craving for
democracy so she are aru so with this
statement No Cory aino expressed his
unwavering belief in
democracy belief in democracy following
n's principle even challenging
circumstances like riged in 19 uh 84
snap election under martial law despite
warnings from lawyers of dictator no
because Cory choose to engage trusting
in the people's intelligence and viewing
it is it as a way to prepare them for a
future democracy and to test or gauge
the opposition's strength even if that
participating might legitimize a fraudulent
fraudulent
process so statement nolight cor aino
miraculous Victory as a result
miraculous Victory as a result of people
struggle during her speech and you
discuss Saia initial action no initial
action as the president of the newly restored
restored
president of the Philippines no and
emphasize intention to Foster
reconciliation reconciliation after s
div uh divisive dictatorship
of um Marcos so Corey also emphasized
the signific ific no significance of
itsa People Power Revolution describing
it as a limited Revolution limited
Revolution yes limited Revolution that
respected the life and freedom of every
Filipino Citizen and with this it
suggests a commitment to a peaceful
transition and a focus on unity in the
afterm of turbulent period in the n in
nation's history
she also boasted of the restoration of
fully constitutional government whose
Constitution gave outmost respect to the
Bill of Rights no so Bill of Rights Bill
of Rights summary of fundamental rights and
and
privileges uh guaranteed to a people
against violation by the government so
Cory reported to the US Congress so
restore democracy by ways of
democracy so this implies that the
transition from dictatorship to
democracy is being carried out in
accordance with Democratic principles and
and
processes completing the Constitutional
structure so this could mean uh
finalizing and implementing the legal
and institutional framework that governs
the country under the new democratic system
system
and a full respect for Bill of Rights
and dra which be submitted later this
year to a popular
referendum this means that the people
will have a direct say in accepting or
rejecting the proposed constitutional
changes and caning election for both
national and local positions this marked
a k step in the establishment of a fully
functional democratic government
allowing citizens of Philippines to
choose their representatives at various
levels of governance so Corey then
proceed proceeded on her peace agenda
with existing communist uh Insurgency
aggravated by the
dictatorial uh yes a aggravated by
dictatorial and authoritarian measure of
Insurgency
and CH Cory aino embarked on a peace
agenda peace
agenda aim resolving the
Insurgency no insur uh Insurgency
through nonmilitary [Music]
[Music]
asserted summarize and hampered by
rights it
suggests a disregard for principles such
as individual freedoms dignity and fair
treatment and possibly oppressive
measures that uh violated human rights
standard and Corey's peace agenda
involves political initiatives and
reintegration program to persuade
insurgents to leave the country side and
return to the mainstream Society to
participate in restoration of democracy
and she invoked the path of Peace
because she believed that it was the
moral path that a moral government must
take so k a statement underscore Nisha
about Cory aino peace agenda that
consists of political initiatives and
reintegration program
a is convincing
insurgents abandon rural areas and
reintegrate into a mainstream Society so
the overarching goal is their um active
involvement in restoring democracy
democracy so the mention of invoking the
path of Peace reflects ao's belief in
the moral responsibility of a government
to pursue in nonviolent means
nevertheless uh with this no statement
No suggest despite prioritizing peace
see Corey is very firm or very matatag
in her commitment protect freedom and
democracy when they are under threat and
why
mag against freedom and democracy
with this statement also convey like
Abraham Lin Abraham linc 16 president
from United States so C Corey recognizes
the potential necessity of using Force
before considering mercy and she is very
determined no now to take whatever
measures are required para is Safeguard
Integrity freedom of her country which
is the Philippines
so with this statement also Corey toring
to address the controversial issue of
the Philippine foreign debt amounting 26
billion at the time of her speech
highlights a critical
Financial um challenge soing Dept had
significantly increased during the
Marcos regim implying a legacy of financial
financial
burdens Financial burdens that the
country had to navigate and Cor
acknowledgement and approach to this
issue would be crucial in understanding
her policy Direction and
properties in addressing The Economic
Consequences of the past administration
and Corey expressed her intention to
honor this depths despite mentioning
that people did not benefit from such
death and thus she uh mentioned his
protestation about the way Philippines
was deprived of choices to pay those
debt Within the capacity of uh Filipino
people statement No indicate that s
Corino voiced her concerned about the
limited option available to Philippines
for paying its uh utang in a manner that
was sustainable or manageable for uh its
Citizen and her focus on the capacity of
debt highlight concern for the economic
welfare and sity of her country which is the
the
Philippines and she
lamented it Highlights part no it
highlights the situation faced by the
Philippines at the time with the burden
of substantial foreign debt that need to
be addressed
reflect Corey aino with her frustration
with a condition to the Philippine death
or utang which she perceived as having
been incured without direct
benefits Filipino
people next she continue that while the
country had experienced the calamities
brought about by the corrupt
dictatorship of Marcus no commensurate
assistance was yet to be extended to
Philippines and she even remarked that
given the peaceful character of its a
People Power Revolution ours must have
been the cheapest Revolution ever so yes
the chiefest revolution ever reflects on
the peaceful uh nature of the apprising that
that
led maros in February 1986 unlike
retion involv of significant violence
and destruction People Power Revolution
was largely nonviolent with millions of
people Gathering and demonstrating
demand chain and
and
statement uh about fulfilling the most
difficult condition of death NE uh neg
negotiation refer to uh to the
restoration of democracy
and responsible government and statement
it highlights the willingness of even
the poorest and unemployed Filipinos to
offer their Liv for the ca of democracy
gemphase Marcos dep commitment among the
Filipino to democratic principles and
their desire no for a government that
was accountable and responsive to its people
people
so B Cory aino slums
area food money [Applause]
[Applause]
materials need is democracy
Lang and
Philippines NPA or New People's
Army so Cory further lamented that these
problems worsed worsened by the
crippling depth because half of the
countes export earning amounting to $2
billion would go to pay just the
interest of the debt who benefited the
receive and Cory then asked rather
compelling questions to the US Congress
question so AO appeal was not just for
economic Assistance or death relief but
for moral and political support as the
Philippines navigated the challenges of
rebuilding its institution and economy
in aftermath of dictatorship and Corey
ended Her speech by thanking America for
serving as home to her family for what
she referred to as the three happiest
years of lives together she enjoyed
America in building the Philippines as
new home for democracy and tning the
count is a shining Testament of our two
Nations commitment to Freedom so aino
eloquent closing not only expressed
gratitude but also laid out uh a vision
for a future in which Philippines and
the United States continue to stand
together in defense of democracy so this
Vision aimed to inspire uh both Nations
to work toward a relationship that was
not just trans sectional but deeply
rooted in a mutual commitment to the
principles of freedom and democracy so
therefore uh revisiting coron aino
speech before the US Congress no it
provides a compelling insight into a
pivotal moments in the Philippine
history and its relation with the United
States so uh her address not only
underscored the challenges faced by the
pH Philippines in the aftermath of the
Marcos dictatorship but also uh
highlighted the shared values and
potential for collaboration between two
countries and that is the end of our
discussion thank you so much for
watching I hope you learn something new thank
thank you
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