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Theories of evolution Lamarck vs Darwin | Evolution | Biology | FuseSchool | FuseSchool - Global Education | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: Theories of evolution Lamarck vs Darwin | Evolution | Biology | FuseSchool
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today many of you will have heard of
evolution and natural selection but it
hasn't always been this way in the early
19th century scientists were still very
much in the dark as to how living things
evolved while the idea of evolution had
been around for a while the phenomenon
went unnamed and was without a proposed
mechanism until jean-baptiste Lamarck
had an idea Lamarque a zoologist noted
that animals seemed very well suited to
their environments and suspected that
throughout their lifetimes animals
improved themselves for example a
giraffes long neck was thought to be the
result of the animals continual
stretching in order to reach food that
Lamarque also thought that these changes
caused by the animals struggle to
survive were passed on to the next
generation which then continued the
evolutionary process in other words a
new baby giraffe would have a longer
neck as a result of its parent
stretching for their food for looking
into another theory of evolution a
little test for you according to
Lamarck's idea what would happen if two
animals that had spent their lives using
their right limbs far more than their
left limbs had offspring if you said
something similar to their offspring
would have had over developed set of
right limbs your right around two years
after Lamarck's death a young Charles
Darwin set off on a voyage that would
change his life and science forever
prior to setting sail on the HMS Beagle
Darwin had spent some time studying
under some of Lamarck's contemporaries
and thus had an understanding of
Lamarck's theories on inheritance what
he found on his voyage however did not
seem to fit with Lamarck's ideas instead
Darwin developed his own idea of descent
with modification the key difference
here is that in Darwin's idea the traits
of the parents were passed on without
being modified by the life of the parent
what Darwin realized was the importance
of the fact in any population of living
organisms there already exists variation
in any given characteristic as a result
he argued
nature would favor or select the fittest
variants this is natural selection by
Fitness Darwin meant the ability of an
individual to survive and to pass on its
characteristics to the next generation
over time changes in the characteristics
of a species could occur he also
proposed that the changes within a
species occurred very slowly through a
gradual process in the case of the
giraffe neck natural selection would
continually favor
giraffes with longer necks so that over
time the average neck length in the
population would gradually increase
following over 20 years of work
Darwin eventually published his idea of
evolution by natural selection after
another man named Alfred Russel Wallace
wrote him a letter saying that he had
thought of the exact same thing but
that's a story for another video if you
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