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WEBINAR “ENGINEERS IN SOCIETY (EIS) LECTURE SERIES"

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This content is a webinar series on "Engineers and Society," emphasizing the multifaceted roles, responsibilities, and ethical considerations of engineers in Malaysia and globally. It aims to equip future engineers with a comprehensive understanding of their profession beyond technical skills, focusing on leadership, innovation, ethics, and societal impact.

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>> I know. [music]

[music] meant

>> We are magicians. Throughout history,

[music] we have been doing things that

people never thought possible.

We make cars move

so people can get from one place to another.

another.

And we've made it possible for people to

move again when they thought they never could.

[music] and help to make things pure

and make sure that we are able to

harness and sustain the energy that

nature provides.

We do things that help make the world a

better place.

But we wouldn't be able to do what we do

but make sure we fly to a certain standard.

and sees to it that we are made of the

[music]

Somebody who keeps us doing things the

Somebody who makes sure that we are

Somebody who encourages us to keep

learning so we can create more magic.

And somebody who tests us so that what

we do is always done right.

We are an engineering team.

We strive to make the world a better and

safer place.

We are able to do it thanks to the Board

Asalamaikum

and very good morning. Welcome to the

webinar of the engineers and society

lecture series in support of the board

Malaysia BM strategic plan the

engineering aggression council EAC and

the engineering technology aggression

council ETSC formed the working group on

national undergraduate engineering talent.

talent.

This working group focuses on the

developments of future ready undergrad

engineers through such programs that

promotes leadership, innovation, ethics

and professional engagement.

The group will spare structure

initiative to develop leadership

competencies, enhance professional

exposure and embed the core values of

the engineering profession.

>> The initiative under industry talk on

the engineering society industry

advisory panel research mechanism and

innovation competition involving fun

project and integrated design project.

Ladies and gentlemen, let us start our

webinar today. On each of the slides

there is a QR code located at the top

right. If you have any question you may

scan the code and submit your question

there. Due to the time constraint we may

not be able to answer all question live

today but we will respond to them in due

course and upload the answers on the

Google site. We'll start with the model

one engineering carrier will be

presented today by data engineer Dr.

Adraim Hashim.

Data engineer Dr. Darim Hashim is a

distinguished Malaysian engineer and

senior leader with over 40 years of

experience across the global energy

sector, high education and national

science and technology policy. He is a

fellow of the academic of science

Malaysia and honorary presidents of the

international gas union. He pres

previously served as vice chancellor of

the University of Malaya and vice

chancellor or CEO of university

technology Petronas following a long and

accomplished career in Petronas where he

held key vice presidential roles in gas

business research and technology and

human resource management. He also led

major refining and LG ventures as CEO or

managing director. Dr. Rahim has served

on numerous corporates and national

boards including Petronas chemical

group, Petronas Gas, Gas Malaysia,

Serim, the IG Commission and Dian Bhad.

He remains active as an independent

director of MIT and senior member of the

board Malaysia. A sought after speaker,

he regularly share insights on energy

transition, sustainability, innovation,

digital transformation, and engineering

leadership at global and national

and a very good morning everyone. Uh it

is a a privilege uh for me this morning

to speak uh to the next generation of

engineers and today I'd like uh to help

you to see the bigger picture not just

your degree but uh the opportunities the

pathways and responsibilities that come

with this profession. Now, engineering

is a foundation that will give you the

ability to solve problems, introduce new

ideas, and make a lasting contribution

to society. Uh, next slide, please.

Now, you are actually a part of the

Malaysia National Engineering Talent

Pipeline. Yeah. And um the country

requires um a very very strong uh

competent and ethical engineers to

support uh not just the digital economy

but also the transition energy

transition advanced manufacturing

sustainability and also national

innovation. Yeah. And you are not just

students per se you are actually the

future contributors to Malaysia's global

competitiveness. Yeah. Now the

engineering world has really changed.

Careers uh today are very very broad,

more flexible and more interdisciplinary.

interdisciplinary.

Now my aim today is to give you a

clearer understanding of how your

engineering career can evolve, what

pathway lies ahead and how you can

prepare yourself effectively. Um uh next

uh now as far as u uh engineering um

disciplines are concerned now this

particular visual illustrates the

so-called diversity of engineering

environments. Yeah. Um in terms of um

you have the various uh um record

disciplines. Now mechanical engineers

may actually focus on energy

manufacturing and aerospace. The

chemical engineers can contribute to

process industries, materials and

biotechnology. Electrical engineers in

power systems. Yeah. In semiconductors

and electronics especially so now and of

course the civil engineers uh help to

build and maintain infrastructures.

Yeah. And uh this question is in terms

of your discipline will give you the

tools but your curiosity and

adaptability will determine whether you

where you eventually will go. Yeah. Next

uh slide please.

Now the uh pathways here as one of the

uh areas that you can actually uh go to

the engineering is is in fact no longer

a single straight path. You can actually

go into the public sector which is

government agencies the um the so-cal

um government uh departments and so on

so forth and also you can go into the

so-called the private sector. Yeah. Now

this ecosystem is that uh you can go

into the academia and also into R&D at

the same time. So his question is that

where is that where does your passion

lies as far as your career is concerned

or your chosen career is concerned.

Right. Next slide please.

Now I think what the other area perhaps

I think more of a concern is that the

Malaysia's engineering based startup

ecosystem is actually growing. Now

engineers today are leading innovations

in drones. Yeah. In robotics and AI

based platform as well as medical

technology and agriculture technology

and smart city solution. So you actually

no longer need to join companies per se.

Uh I think what you can do is then you

can create your own as well. Yeah,

that's that's a message here. Now next

uh slide please. I think what's what's

important here as far as internship is

concerned is not just a mere

requirements of uh your academic um uh

life but they are actually the starting

block of your engineering journey. Yeah.

choose their placements right that

expose you to real engineering

challenges. Uh volunteer for some more

difficult assignments and learn from the

senior engineers. Now these experiences

will definitely shape your where the

industry your your your passion lies and

also in terms of deterine determining

where your first jobs are. So make sure

that you you you understand as far as

this landscape is is is concerned. Next

slide please.

Now the engineering career letter

typically progresses um a graduate

engineer from uh after you have left uh

university to an engineer and then

perhaps move on to senior engineer

principal engineer and subsequently to

managerial and more senior leaderships

and technical authority roles. So the

advancement is that your your your

progress really depends in terms of your

competence, your consistency and the

willingness to take on added

responsibility and of course I think

more important is that your appetite for

for learning. Yeah, I think that's

that's very very very important. Next

slide please.

Now between uh three to to seven years

uh normally um of of your career you

will start to to to build your your

foundation. Yeah. Understand the role

that you are you're playing and then

subsequently you you begin to manage

systems, manage a bigger organization. I

mean solving problems independently,

coordinating projects and mentoring

younger engineers. So that's your your

sort of the career progression. Now this

is perhaps uh I think the important area

is that where you you consolidate yeah

your uh career in this particular

part uh of of your growth and this is

where your reputation as an engineer

really being established. Yeah. And as

you move forward then you go into the

the leadership role. Yeah. Next uh slide please.

please.

Now I I I cannot overemphasize as far as

this this these areas concerned. Now you

can actually be uh going into various um

areas. Yeah. You can be a technical

expert. This is where your depth your

technical authority can be established

or you can actually go into uh into

consulting. Yeah. Providing expert

advice to improve project outcomes and

and even drive innovation for that

matter. Yeah. But also some people would

not like to to become a technical expert

but will go into sort of um the uh

senior management role. Yeah. Becoming

uh chief technology officer and

subsequently become CEOs of of the

organization. So so you have actually

multiple roles but these are the so-cal

advanced role in your career. Next slide please.

please.

Now as far as lifelong learning is

concerned, this is uh something which um

you will definitely have to be on guard

all the time. Yeah. Uh in terms of uh

your your career is not just the

technical aspects as well but I think

it's more important is uh the uh the

consideration as far as for

sustainability is concerned and also

your contribution to society as a whole.

maybe uh the the role that you play you

can actually um contribute as far as uh

CSR is concerned this is corporate

social responsibility and initiative um

volunteering some some initiative in the

in the society in your area that you are

working and of course synergizing the

engineering uh capability and the

so-called societ social responsibility

at the same time. Yeah. Okay. Move on.

Um I cannot overemphasize as far as uh

lifelong learning is concerned because

this is an area where

technology moves quite fast. Yeah. They

you actually they're moving much perap

faster than than we can think of and you

need somehow to make sure they are at

the um at the level where the

technologies are. I think some of this

uh information includes um automation,

digitalization. Of course, everybody

talks about AI now. So you definitely

have to somehow rather get in touch with

all this and how can it actually help

you in your own work areas but at the

same time is that how can it actually

help uh you as far as uh complementing

the uh skills or the expertise that that

you have. Yeah. to areas like uh I

mentioned about uh AI but digital twins,

automation, simulation tools, data

analytics and so on so forth. These are

making sure that you stay relevant and

you must somehow rather continuously

upscale and adapt to this so-called

technology advancements.

Next slide please.

Um as far as the um engineering um

engineers act is is concerned that is I

think part and parcel of uh our role

here is to make sure that if you are a

professional engineer now continuing

professional development or CPD is now

mandatory. Yeah. Uh this is basically to

ensure that um engineers maintain their

competence. Yeah. uphold the ethical

standards all the time and also remain

aligned with global industry um

expectations. Yeah. And it covers not

only the engineers but also covers um

also the inspector of works and the

technologies at the same time. Okay. Uh

Now this is u again uh another emphasis

on um CPD um what we we requires is that

the professional engineer must

accumulate CPD hours through structured

learnings uh and and this includes

covers industry training uh professional

courses technical seminars

certifications and academic activities.

So these are all aligned with global

professional engineering standards. So

the requirements is is not just with us

but also globally at the same time.

Okay. Next please.

Um I think what what is important here

is um knowing that the Malaysian uh

qualification under the engineering

accredititation council EAC that and

also EAC we are actually part and parcel

of the Washington accords. This is for

engineers. The Senior Accord is for uh

tech tenations. Uh so Word is for for

technicians and Sydney is for

technologies. So

your your degree is actually um valid in

about 25 countries. So the the

certification is that as the question

here is that you can work uh anywhere

internationally in countries even such

as UK, US, Australia, Korea, Japan, even

Canada for that matter. Uh provided you

built your fundamentals and your

relevant competencies uh very very

strong. Yeah. Next uh slide please.

Now you do not

you are not expected to know everything

today but I think what's what's

important is for you you should begin

reflecting on your interest what

actually drives you what industries that

excites you and what kind of work that

uh gives you a sense of purpose. Yeah.

Now all the this this so-called your

your own answers will actually guide the

pathway that you choose. So all this is

is is important to sort of step back and

says where where should I go? What

exactly that do I want to do? Well what

exactly that my passion is in this in

this particular areas. So this is

knowing your direction is is is very

important. Okay next slide please.

Now network is is is is

so so important at the end of the day.

It's not just about um who what what

qualification you have uh what expertise

you have but somehow rather the

so-called people that you know

especially your peers um people in

various industries because you are

working as part and parcel of a team. So

and also industries are now

interconnected. So it's very very

important to cultivate the connections

and you can do this through joining

professional bodies or events or even I

think more important is finding mentors

up front when you start your career. Get

some senior engineers to provide you

with um uh advice perhaps u or also a

second voice or a third voice to give

you some perhaps better direction in

terms of your uh career progression. And

remember it's all about people. Yeah.

It's not just um looking at the um the

um at the social media itself but real

connection is is very very important.

Next slide please.

And I like just to for you to remember

three things. I think uh one is is is

beginning with with an end in mind which

I talked earlier in terms of uh what are

your passion what your strengths are.

Yeah. And um where do you need to to to

sort of um uh get into as far as your

maybe whether it's is industry whether

you want to become a technical expert or

whether you want to go into management

per se and uh at all the time make sure

that uh you embrace every opportunity

that you get. Yeah. For for you to gain

the necessary experience. Make sure that

your toolkit is is fully um developed.

You have all this so that any um

opportunity that comes along you are

able to address those uh appropriately

and and move on with your career. Yeah.

But to do that you must somehow rather

invest in yourself. Yeah. Which means

that uh make sure that uh you cultivate

your skills. Yeah. you uh attend uh

programs uh make sure that you are a

breast with technologies and also um

making sure that your your network is is

is solid so that you can always refer to

some of these people whenever that's

required. So you are just not building a

a career per se you're actually building

a life and uh I say here make sure that

that life uh counts.

Yeah. So I think the last uh slide. So

in in in closing, next slide please. Um

I just like to sort of um apart from

that three just now before I end there

are some some messages that I would like

to to make sure that you take this along

is that apart from this you build your

foundations. Make sure you really build

them because engineering is not about

memorizing formulas. It's about thinking

critically, critically, thinking clearly

solving problems and applying principle.

So if your fundamentals are strong, you

can work in any industry anywhere in the

world. And then the other one is that

invest in yourself is to stay curious

because technology will will not wait

for you. Yeah. AI, digitization, energy

transition and so on so forth. So the

world is moving very very fast and

engineers who succeed are those who

learn continuously. So be the kind of

engineer who is always upgrading always

exploring and always improving. And

lastly is that whatever you do choose

impact. It's not about titles not about

glamour. Engineering is ultimately about

improving lives building systems and

shaping the nation. So if you choose

roles that you can make real impact your

career will be very very meaningful

fulfilling and also at the same time

respected. Yeah. So if you do all these

three things I assure you yeah not only

you will find success you'll become you

will become the kind of engineer

Malaysia needs and the kind of the world

will welcome. Thank you.

>> Thank you Dr. Rahim for the insightfuls

and a very inspiring presentation. We

have a first question from the

participant. The first one, what

inspired you to pursue a career in engineering?

engineering?

>> Oh uh when I actually was a student um

or well I was quite young I was

passionate with somehow rather with uh

mechanical things. Yeah. Things that um

I will repair bicycles. I will do um a

uh class where you go into a workshop

and and you tinker tinker around with uh

tinker around with all sorts of of

things you have projects to do and so on

so forth. So that sort of uh create an

uh an initial uh interest in um areas

where perhaps u I'm perhaps good with

with with my hands and able to sort of

figure out how thing works and perhaps

you know wanting to go further into that

particular area.

Uh thank you that so next question is

what should students do if they still

unsure which engineering field suit them?

them?

Ah this is where your your I think you

have to rely on your on your strengths

as well. For example, if you want to go

into electrical engineering I mean

electrical electronics you have to be

very very strong in your maths for

example as example not doesn't mean that

other engineering disciplines are not

maths related but particularly because

you have got all sorts of theorems all

sorts of so your your pure math has to

be very very strong. You have to have an

interest in that. You have to have

interest in in science for example. I'm

not good in chemistry for example. So I

do not want to go into chemical

engineering for example. Yeah. So so is

the question is that how do you play

your strengths and what are you

interested in what your passionate for

you to determine which engineering

disciplines that you ought to go in

into. Yeah. But now there is also a

program uh at uh university technology

patronas which is is called integrated

engineering which is covers both

mechanical as well as uh some other uh

minor disciplines at the same time. So

if you are not sure you go into

integrated engineering I as as an example.

>> All right thank you. Next question. How

important is practical experience

compared to academic result?

the the the practical experience here is

it it provides you with a view in terms

of um how the real world works, right?

Uh if you get an internship uh perhaps

during your third year or your even your

final earlier part of your final year is

that it gives you a a view in terms of

uh how things work and it gives you also

a chance to help develop your other

competencies. Yeah. Your your soft

skills for example, how you interact

with people because as an engineer you

work in a team. Yeah. You work in a

team. You also uh be able to do

presentation. Yeah. Communicate with

others as well. Uh and at the same time

uh you work with with other disciplines.

So your interpersonal relationship is is

is very very important. So internship

helps develop that. If it's long enough,

you can have a specific project to do

which is something substantive you can

be proud of. So it it complements the

academic side of things. Yeah, the

academic side of it is all about theory.

But sometimes you go into the industry

and so on so forth, you may say for

example as a chemical engineer, you may

want to say that how does a what is a

check valve is? What is what do you call

a distillation column look like

internally? for example. So you have the

chance in the internship program to to

to to do that. Then it gives you a a

sort of a a better understanding of what

theory is all about, what you learn in

>> All right. Thank you. Next question.

What skills should engineering student

prioritize to stay competitive in the

future job market?

Um, of course I mentioned everyone will

come up with a degree. Yeah. So what

what what's what's the difference

between one to the next person?

Obviously um your I I mentioned about

soft skills are very very important but

also what you can actually make a

difference is that uh if you during your

own time come up with uh or attend

specific programs which is perhaps in

line with engineering program but this

is on your own uh initiative. For

example, you can take a program on AI

for example. not specific on AI. Take a

a program specific on uh if you are a uh

electrical electronics engineer on uh

interconnectivity for example. Yeah. Uh

in terms of um there are there are

various program you can go into Corsera

for example there are a lot of uh free

program there that one will sort of

enhance you. Yeah. And also not

forgetting uh you have somehow to get

into an AI program. People will say that

uh AI will will not replace people but

uh people will be replaced if they do

not have AI competencies. So I would

suggest that you must some skill up

yourself to make sure that not just job

ready but be able to also address um I

guess assignments as you come on board

>> All right. How important is networking

for car growth and how can students

start building their network early? Um

yeah, I think your networking as I

mentioned is is crucial because at the

end of the day um you get things done

through other people not just within

your own outfit but also other

industries and other peers perhaps uh

not uh yeah it could it could be your

your competitors and so forth but they

they they're important. Now you can

start that off if you are involved in

say societies for example

IM is has has got a chapter in most get

involved in that because they have got

various programs in there uh and get

involved in competitions because you are

you are linking yourself not just within

your your own uh discipline but

interdiscipline and also intra uh

universities at the same time. So that's

how you start. Yeah. and and you get uh

sort of uh connected with these people

even after you have completed your

program. Yeah. So you build that network

uh all the time and when you start

working make sure you join professional

uh organizations that's where you you do

that and I think one area perhaps I I

can suggest is that during your your

student days you volunteer to do um [clears throat]

[clears throat]

um various assignments. Yeah. and and

that's where you get connected with with

people from not just uh disciplines but

other uh programs at the same time. So

you don't want just to sort of mix

around with engineers per se or

engineering students per se but also the

the so-called um other faculties at the

same time. So volunteering is actually

very very important. you get uh again uh

sort of interconnected with the society

because at the at the end of the day you

are dealing you're trying to solve

societal issues or societal problems. So

I think that's that's important.

>> Thank you. Next question from student um

when you started your career in

engineering what challenges do most

young engineers face in their in their

early years? or early years is always

you are you are given an assignment for

example if if you for example a chemical

engineer I come from the uh oil and gas

industry um I I work in refineries for

example as a chemical engineer normally

you're giving specific assignment to do

um for example the this is quite

technical the preheat train of a fire

for example those assignments are are

very specific it's task oriented so what

I think what what you need to do is to

Make sure that you do that particular

assignment well. How do you go about

doing it? Of course, as I mentioned, you

need to have somebody, a mentor, perhaps

an senior engineer who will brief you in

terms of how to go about doing it. But I

think it's more important also because

you are working in an environment where

safety is very very crucial. Follow the

safety rules properly and so on so

forth. But at the same time,

interconnect with uh perhaps the

operators. Yeah. the technicians of uh

the plant for example. Yeah. Sometimes

people forget that uh and and make

yourself humble because you are just

about to start your career about to

start your assignments and so forth.

Yeah. Doesn't mean that you have a

degree. You are above them. Not quite.

They have got experiences. Some of them

20 30 years experience. Yeah. So they

are very very experienced. So make sure

that you get connected with them because

they can assist you in your job. Yeah.

And you you you will not know a lot of

things. Yeah. But keep learning. I think

this is very important is keep learning.

when there is a chance for example that

provides you as a chemical engineer for

example even electrical mechanical

there's a shutdown of the plant and so

the for and when they open the so-called

vessel you know all get the opportunity

to get in understand the internals of

those things and so forth so your your

opportunities are a lot just open your

eyes and make sure that you understand

your upstream your downstream of your

work so that that's how it impact your

your particular assignment and how what

the impact is in terms of once you have

done it well how can it improve the the

subsequent downstream part of of your

assignment. So holistically you must

understand the assignment that you given

to you not just just doing it for the

sake of doing it but what does it impact

and how you going about going doing it

and also at the same time the lessons

learned subsequently what do I what do I

do well what I don't do well as far

those assignments are concerned

>> all right thank you last question what

advice would you give to student about

shaping their long-term career

>> ah Sometimes you can have that sort of

vision because some some people say I do

not want to become uh a manager or I'm

not so good in terms of um uh looking

after a group of people. I just want to

focus in in my technical mastery. Yeah,

you you can actually do that. So it

determines again up front what do you

think is your passion? what do you think

is your strength and where is your

interest right let's say I want to

become a technical expert has an

engineer in this particular area right

you can actually determine up there

because subsequently you can then after

you have finished your your sort of four

five years of working you can do your

masters and then perhaps uh if you

really really uh want to go into dep you

can do your doctoral thesis and get a PhD

PhD

uh and and and move along that lines.

Yeah. But some people says that's that's

not my cup of tea. I would just like to

sort of become a a project manager who

manages u a group of people in terms of

uh coming up with um projects completion

and so forth. So you can go into the

management area and subsequently move on

uh to to head big organizations and and

perhaps uh set up your own consulting

firm in in in that manner. So I think

you you need to somehow rather talk to

people. Yeah. Talk to people in terms

and they will ask you questions in terms

of uh uh do you find this interesting?

Do you find that interesting? What

exactly? just to to find a niche in

terms of where your interests are. Yeah.

Because if you don't know your interest

then uh as the saying goes if you don't

know your your end game then any road

will lead to to to to some some

somewhere that perhaps you are not

>> Thank you Dr. Rah. Many last word before

we move on to the next module. Yeah, as

I I mentioned earlier, I think I think

what what important what's important at

the moment is to make sure that your

your your foundation is is is solid.

Yeah. Your foundation is solid and uh to

make sure that um you um continuously

learn. Yeah. And uh make an impact. At

the end of the day, it's all about

making an impact. And perhaps as you

move on your career, you you leave

Right. Thank you once again for your

valuable sharing and for addressing the

question. We will now proceed to our

next module. Module 2 practice of

engineering in Malaysia. This will be presented

presented

professor engineer Rafi Adir.

Professor Engineer Rafiad is highly

respected engineering leader, academic

and researcher. He previously served as

a founding dean of the faculty of

engineering at new seed technology

Malaysia and currently serves as council

member of the engineering action council

EAC. A distinguished scholar in

biomedical engineering has led numerous

impactful research project secure major

competitive grants and hold multiple

patents. The contribution his

contribution extend across academic

academic leadership innovation and

advancement of engineering education in

Malaysia is widely regarded as one of

the nation most influential figures in

shaping the future of the engineering

and a very good morning uh to all of you

future engineers. First of all, I would

like to say thank you so much to the

board of engineers for giving me the

opportunity to talk to our future

engineers and thank you to all of you

for joining my talk. Okay, let's

continue uh let's continue from Dr.

Rahim's presentation. So my presentation

there are six items there uh related to

engineering practice uh and then

registration of engineers act regulatory

structure overview the registration of

engineers and their processes as well as

our responsibilities. Okay, next slide.

Now uh let's start with this very

important sentence and that important

sentence is engineering practice

involves applying scientific principles

to design number one develop number two

and innovate number three solutions that

meet societal needs and enhance quality

of life. uh if you join this webinar at

the very beginning of the webinar there

is there was a montage and there was a

quote from Elon Musk and the quote was

something about engineering being the

closest thing to magic so engineers are magician

magician

engineers are magician so that is

according to Elon Musk and I want to

believe that is true the closest thing

to a magic are the things that engineer

engineers do and uh I just want to add

my own uh word regarding engineering is

that we are the professions we are the

people who develop countries.

So countries who are countries that are underdeveloped

underdeveloped

engineers will convert those

underdeveloped countries into developing

countries and then from developing

countries into developed countries. So

if Malaysia for example if we consider

Malaysia as a developing countries now

the only way for us to move forward into

a developed country we need engineers.

And then if we consider ourselves our

country as an already developed country

then we still need engineers more

engineers to go far and beyond.

So congratulations to all of you for

choosing this uh profession engineering

profession. So uh and the registration

of engineers act 1967 >> [snorts]

>> [snorts]

>> uh have all the regulations uh that are

needed by engineers. There are a few

sections there. section uh in particular

section seven and section 10.

Section seven and section 10 in

particular who defines

legally allowed who are the person

legally allowed to practice engineering

and who are the one who can use the

title engineer. Yeah, that is in section

7 and section 10 will specify the

criteria and process for graduate

engineer registration with BEM and 10 1

B 10 2 and 10D establishes the need to

move from a graduate engineer to a

professional engineer and then from a

professional engineer to a professional

engineer with practicing certificate and

there was uh there is also uh a section

on enforcement and penalties. Next slide.

slide.

Um this is an overview of the regulatory

structure. So you can see that the board

of engineers on the left uh overseas

licensing of engineers and then on the

right uh these are some of the

professional bodies uh not the governing

bodies the professional bodies. So we

have a few there like IMYET

IMM institution of mechanical engineers.

This is in the United Kingdom. Uh ILE E

Malaysia section and then you have CIB

and IET. Uh next slide.

Um okay. Uh some more information on

these professional bodies in Malaysia.

Uh as I mentioned the board of engineers

Malaysia is a regulatory body for

engineers under the REA registration of

engineers act 1967.

Uh and then you have professional bodies

like IM uh which is a voluntary

professional body supporting the

development and recognition of

engineers. Uh and then you have uh my so

in Malaysia myet also in Malaysia. uh

Malaysian Society for Engineering and

Technology uh which is a

multidisciplinary engineering society

promoting professionalism, education and

public interest in engineering and

technology. And then there is another

two or three more. Uh Imm Institute of

Materials Malaysia uh which is a

professional society and certification

body that promotes honorable practice,

professional ethics and encourages

education and skills in material

science, technology and engineering. And

you have CIBS, Chartered Institution of

Building Services Engineers uh

particularly for civil engineers. uh

Malaysia chapter which represents

building services engineers in HVAC,

electrical, lighting and related

disciplines and then there are a few

other professional bodies in the United

Kingdom. Here you have institution of

mechanical engineers. Uh I believe there

is also an institution of civil

engineers in the UK and another one is

the IET the institution of engineering

and technology. This is al also uh a

United Kingdom uh institution uh of four

professional uh bodies. Next slide.

Right. Let's look at the engineering

registration and practice in Malaysia.

There are five floors there. Five floors

there. We will start with the ground

floor or the first floor. And the first

floor is to obtain an accredited

engineering degree. Uh so you are now

joining institution of higher learning

uh for an engineering degree. So the

first step the first floor that you need

to achieve is to obtain an accredited

engineering degree. Uh once you obtain

an accredited engineering degree you are

now officially a graduate engineer. Of

course you need to register with the

board. Yeah. Once you graduate, you need

to register with the board of engineers

Malaysia as a graduate engineer. Yeah.

And then you can uh put the suffix uh uh

after your name as grad graduate

engineer by the board of engineers

Malaysia. And then uh then you can get

uh get your three years experience.

After you achieve the three-year

experience, you can apply uh for a

professional status. So the second

floor, the second floor is after 3

years. So make sure that you register

with the board immediately after you

graduate so that all your working

experiences will be counted as your

practical training. Yeah. So your

practical training will only be counted

after you registered with the board as a

graduate engineer.

Then after 3 years uh you can submit uh

uh the form to apply for a professional

engineer status. Uh then it means that

you need to pass the examination the

professional assessment examination. Uh

that is going to be level three and then

once you pass the PAE the professional

assessment examination you can register

yourself as a professional engineer PE.

Yeah, PE. Uh that one uh once you once

you get your PE, you will be given a

stem uh a triangle stem as a

professional engineer. So it will be

Muhammad Rafi, professional engineer in

mechanical engineering. Yeah. And then

uh after your PE there is one final step

the highest floor which is PEPC

professional engineers with practicing

certificate which means that now you can

use your professional engineer status to

sign forms. Yeah as a consultant okay so

that is the highest flaw. Next

uh right I think this is similar to what

I've just mentioned in the previous

slide. So there are three categories of

engineers. Uh the first one is graduate

engineers. So make sure that you work

hard, study smart and get your

certificate in engineering. Uh once you

completed your degree in engineering,

order to get the graduate engineer

status the grad.ng.graden.

Yeah. And then after that uh once you

received your certificate as a graduate

engineer you can start your practical

experience. Yeah. Uh practical

experience will only be counted after

you receive your certificate as a

graduate engineer. And then once you

achieve the three years once you

completed your three-ear practical

experience you can apply for a

professional engineer status. That is

the second category. And the highest

category is the BEPC uh where you can

now work as uh as a consultant. Yeah.

Okay. Next.

Right. From this uh slide onwards uh

these are the registration process uh

the for the three status for the three

categories of engineers. The first one

is graduate engineer. So who should

accredited engineering degree. Uh so

please ensure that the institution of

higher learning where you completed your

study where you are studying now is an

accredited engineering program. Yeah.

Because uh you will only receive this

graduate engineer status uh if you

graduated from an accredited engineering

degree. Okay. Washington accord

recognized. Uh the registration process

is online as usual and you need to

provide all these four items simple

items the degree scroll uh your IC

passport size photo and a 50 ringgit

registration fee. Once approved you will

be recognized as a gradang GE graduate

engineer and then uh next. Okay.

Uh this is a BM graduate assessment

program. Uh what what this is is

basically if uh the type of program that

you currently enroll in is a local MQA

accredited three-year Bhen threeyear BH

or a three-year BH accredited by

engineering council. If you graduated

from the United Kingdom, most likely the

degree uh is a threeyear degree

engineering degree or an EEED first

cycle degrees and then uh you must uh

you must attend uh this BEM graduate

assessment program. Yeah. as well as if

your 4-year engineering degree was not

uh from uh an Washington accord signature

assessment program in order to be

registered. Yeah. Uh because previously

um the the three-year uh local

engineering program is not recognized is

not recognized. So in order to be

recognized uh you need to uh have an additional

additional

um studies additional engineering

studies uh to be completed and then only

you can register as a graduate engineer. Next

uh this is engineering technologist. Um

so engineering technologist uh is uh is

not a full engineering program,

engineering degree program but you can

uh still uh register uh as an

engineering technologist. Uh if you have

a uh once you have an academic

qualification of an engineering

technology degree, provide that

certificate with your IC uh passport

size photograph and payment and then you

can register as an engineering technologist.

technologist.

Engineering technologist which later you

can become a graduate engineer. Yeah. So

if any of you following this webinar is

currently attending an engineering

technologist program, you can register

as a graduate engineer later on. Yeah.

So so not immediately but later on.

Yeah. because you need to provide you

need to meet the academic qualification

requirements under the REA under the

registration of engineers act section

101 in the previous in the very

beginning of the of my presentation. So

the these are the requirements that need

to be fulfilled uh if you are if you are

graduating from an engineering

technology program. Next

uh again uh same uh conversion of

engineering technologies to graduate

engineer. Uh so if you if you are

attending an engineering technologies

program, fear not you can still uh

engineer once once you fulfill the the

requirements. Okay. So further learning

uh via a master's degree for registered

uh engineering technologist shall cease

and be replaced by BM gap. So board of

engineers will no longer accept uh

master's degree. You must attend the BEM

graduate assessment program starting

from January 2023. So about 23 24 about

3 years ago. Yeah, about 3 years ago we

have uh decided uh that if you want to

convert from an engineering technologist

to graduate engineer or from a nonacredited

nonacredited

program, you must attend the BEM

graduate assessment program. Okay. Uh

and it says there uh uh

you must register in the same branch as

the engineering technologies degree

credit transfer up to 30%. If you

attended a three-year program, if you

attended a 4-year nonacredited program,

then you must take the BM graduate

assessment program. The difference would

be that the credit transfer will be four

sorry 50%. Yeah. So it's a uh if it was

a 4-year program then 50% credit

transfer 3-year program only 30%

credit transfer. Okay. Next.

Ah this is another registration process

but for a professional engineer. So who

should register?

uh someone who has already registered as

a graduate engineer and already

fulfilled the threeyear practical experience

experience

can apply for a professional engineer

status and uh you must have a design and

site work uh for 12 months if you are

graduating from a civil engineering

program and must be supervised by a

registered PE in the same discipline.

Uh and you need to prepare and submit

the application form, training and

experience report, competency report and

log book and sit for the PAE for the

professional assessment examination

which includes a 15minute project

presentation and an interview with a

written exam on code of professional conduct.

conduct.

Upon passing uh this PAE, this

professional assessment examination uh

you will be given the suffix IR. So you

can now use IR before your name. And and

this is tier one, professional engineer

tier one. Next.

And then this is PE tier 2 which is

professional engineer with practicing

certificate. Who should register? a

professional engineer who wish to sign,

submit and certify engineering plans and

drawings. So this is a higher standard.

So in order for you to approve uh or to

prepare a plan and approve a certain

plan, a certain drawing, you need tier 2

PE. Tier one PE cannot do the signature submitting or certify any engineering

submitting or certify any engineering plans or drawing.

plans or drawing. Yeah. So you need to be a PEPC to do

Yeah. So you need to be a PEPC to do that. Professional engineers with

that. Professional engineers with practicing certificate. How to qualify?

practicing certificate. How to qualify? You must already be a PE and sit for and

You must already be a PE and sit for and pass the PCE. So this is another

pass the PCE. So this is another examination. The professional competency

examination. The professional competency examination which focus on higher

examination which focus on higher responsibility and public safety. Then

responsibility and public safety. Then when you pass this PCE professional

when you pass this PCE professional competency examination, you can sign,

competency examination, you can sign, submit and certify any engineering plans

submit and certify any engineering plans and drawings related to your discipline.

and drawings related to your discipline. Next slide.

Next slide. Okay, this is uh my last slide. There

Okay, this is uh my last slide. There are six items to this slide. Uh I would

are six items to this slide. Uh I would say that these are important items.

say that these are important items. Important items. Engineers

Important items. Engineers responsibilities. Now um the the key

responsibilities. Now um the the key word there is uphold public safety,

word there is uphold public safety, maintain professional competence, adhere

maintain professional competence, adhere to ethical standards. Next slide. Let's

to ethical standards. Next slide. Let's go through all the six. Comply with laws

go through all the six. Comply with laws and regulations, maintain professional

and regulations, maintain professional competence, supervise and mentor. So all

competence, supervise and mentor. So all these six must already be in your head.

these six must already be in your head. Yeah. When you start your engineering

Yeah. When you start your engineering degree. Now the reason being that uh

degree. Now the reason being that uh when you attend

when you attend uh your studies in engineering we

uh your studies in engineering we actually give you the capabilities

actually give you the capabilities to create magics to create wonders.

to create magics to create wonders. Yeah. We basically give you the tools

Yeah. We basically give you the tools for you to develop a country. Yeah.

for you to develop a country. Yeah. Don't misuse them. Yeah. By following

Don't misuse them. Yeah. By following these responsibilities, these six items,

these responsibilities, these six items, we have to ensure that engineers don't

we have to ensure that engineers don't behave unnecessarily

behave unnecessarily because the knowledge that you will

because the knowledge that you will acquire within the four years of your

acquire within the four years of your studies in engineering will allow you to

studies in engineering will allow you to do magics. Yeah. To develop certain

do magics. Yeah. To develop certain things, to create new wonders, you know.

things, to create new wonders, you know. So we don't want you to misuse the

So we don't want you to misuse the knowledge that are given to you in the

knowledge that are given to you in the four years engineering degree program to

four years engineering degree program to do something that you are not supposed

do something that you are not supposed to.

to. Okay. So th those are the six items.

Okay. So th those are the six items. Yeah. Uphold public safety, maintain

Yeah. Uphold public safety, maintain professional conducts, uh competence and

professional conducts, uh competence and adhere to ethical standards and so on.

adhere to ethical standards and so on. So uh that's all my presentation. Again,

So uh that's all my presentation. Again, thank you again for listening to my

thank you again for listening to my talk. Thank you profit for the

talk. Thank you profit for the comprehensive and informative uh

comprehensive and informative uh session. We'll go straight to the

session. We'll go straight to the question. The first question is why is

question. The first question is why is it important for engineers to be

it important for engineers to be officially recognized or registered?

officially recognized or registered? >> Um because we don't want any Tom, Dick

>> Um because we don't want any Tom, Dick and Harry uh to do this engineering job.

and Harry uh to do this engineering job. uh because um there are you can

uh because um there are you can you can actually do something even

you can actually do something even without uh attending to an engineering

without uh attending to an engineering course engineering program in a

course engineering program in a institution of higher learning. Uh

institution of higher learning. Uh [snorts] so it is very important for you

[snorts] so it is very important for you uh to be accredit to join an accredited

uh to be accredit to join an accredited program because it has a complete

program because it has a complete package. a complete package not just the

package. a complete package not just the knowledge on how to do things but why

knowledge on how to do things but why you have to do it and how to do it

you have to do it and how to do it properly. Yeah. So that's why you need

properly. Yeah. So that's why you need to have uh uh first of all attend uh a

to have uh uh first of all attend uh a degree that is accredited and then once

degree that is accredited and then once you are accredited as a graduate

you are accredited as a graduate engineer then you can start practice

engineer then you can start practice uh and then apply for a PE. So the board

uh and then apply for a PE. So the board of engineers actually look after the

of engineers actually look after the profession itself. Yeah. We don't want

profession itself. Yeah. We don't want uh something bad to happen because with

uh something bad to happen because with the knowledge that you have from the

the knowledge that you have from the degree in engineering you can do a lot

degree in engineering you can do a lot of stuff and and damage people as well.

of stuff and and damage people as well. Yeah. So, so there are good things about

Yeah. So, so there are good things about engineering and there are also not

engineering and there are also not things that things that are not that

things that things that are not that good that engineers can do with the

good that engineers can do with the knowledge that they have. So, attending

knowledge that they have. So, attending an accredited degree means that you have

an accredited degree means that you have uh the knowledge not just the technical

uh the knowledge not just the technical knowledge but all the other knowledge

knowledge but all the other knowledge necessary for you to become a

necessary for you to become a responsible engineer. So that that's my

responsible engineer. So that that's my answer.

answer. >> Okay. What kind of responsibility do

>> Okay. What kind of responsibility do engineers typically have in Malaysia?

engineers typically have in Malaysia? >> Okay, responsibilities actually to to

>> Okay, responsibilities actually to to advance and to help the society. Uh my

advance and to help the society. Uh my discipline in particular is biomedical

discipline in particular is biomedical engineering. So uh I can give you an

engineering. So uh I can give you an example directly uh related to

example directly uh related to biomedical engineering. Um when we talk

biomedical engineering. Um when we talk about biomedical engineering, we develop

about biomedical engineering, we develop devices to assist patients. Yeah. Uh so

devices to assist patients. Yeah. Uh so basically we assist medical doctors. We

basically we assist medical doctors. We get inputs from medical doctors and we

get inputs from medical doctors and we design uh devices that can help medical

design uh devices that can help medical doctors to assist their patients. Yeah.

doctors to assist their patients. Yeah. Uh so that that is the kind of

Uh so that that is the kind of responsibility. I mean it is a huge

responsibility. I mean it is a huge responsibility because there is a lot of

responsibility because there is a lot of stuff that are

stuff that are not readily available to medical

not readily available to medical doctors. Yeah. They have the certificate

doctors. Yeah. They have the certificate to do surgery for example they know

to do surgery for example they know anatomy and physiology but as far as

anatomy and physiology but as far as developing devices are concerned they

developing devices are concerned they know nothing of so that's why they need

know nothing of so that's why they need engineers so in particular biomedical

engineers so in particular biomedical engineer uh I mean a biomedical engineer

engineer uh I mean a biomedical engineer would understand what medical uh doctors

would understand what medical uh doctors are saying uh so we can get some input

are saying uh so we can get some input from medical doctors and we need to

from medical doctors and we need to somehow deise uh develop

somehow deise uh develop uh tools uh so that the medical doctors

uh tools uh so that the medical doctors can actually use on their patients or

can actually use on their patients or develop tools that can be used directly

develop tools that can be used directly on patients of course with the super

on patients of course with the super supervision from medical doctors. Uh so

supervision from medical doctors. Uh so the these are the kind of uh

the these are the kind of uh responsibilities um uh for for an

responsibilities um uh for for an engineer.

engineer. >> Next question. What are the biggest

>> Next question. What are the biggest barriers engineers face in implementing

barriers engineers face in implementing green technologies at scale and how they

green technologies at scale and how they overcome?

overcome? Green technologies at scale.

Green technologies at scale. >> Yes, green technologies. Um this is part

>> Yes, green technologies. Um this is part of SDG uh sustainable development goals

of SDG uh sustainable development goals which we also embed in our accredited

which we also embed in our accredited engineering degree program. Yeah. Uh

engineering degree program. Yeah. Uh green technology means that we need to

green technology means that we need to look after our planet. We need to look

look after our planet. We need to look after the environment and there will be

after the environment and there will be at least one specific course in your

at least one specific course in your engineering degree related to this.

engineering degree related to this. Yeah, related to the SDG, sustainable

Yeah, related to the SDG, sustainable development goals. Um, what is the

development goals. Um, what is the challenge? The question is what is the

challenge? The question is what is the challenge of implementing green

challenge of implementing green technology

technology at global scale? Uh, now when you want

at global scale? Uh, now when you want to develop something uh the thing that

to develop something uh the thing that you should be concerned of is whether

you should be concerned of is whether this will be uh damaging uh to the

this will be uh damaging uh to the environment or not. If we can actually

environment or not. If we can actually develop something uh that is also

develop something uh that is also environmentally friendly. Yeah. That

environmentally friendly. Yeah. That would be the the aim. Yeah. The aim.

would be the the aim. Yeah. The aim. Because previously we can just build

Because previously we can just build anything. You can build an engine, a

anything. You can build an engine, a car. Yeah. An engine. But the challenge

car. Yeah. An engine. But the challenge now is how do you create an engine that

now is how do you create an engine that is safer to the environment that is

is safer to the environment that is green? Yeah. uh should you convert to

green? Yeah. uh should you convert to from a from a internal combustion engine

from a from a internal combustion engine to a battery uh yeah electrical battery

to a battery uh yeah electrical battery car? Yeah, that is the kind of shift

car? Yeah, that is the kind of shift when we talk about green technology at a

when we talk about green technology at a global or a larger scale. Uh it is

global or a larger scale. Uh it is certainly a challenge because

certainly a challenge because um not all technologies that lead to

um not all technologies that lead to green environment are cheap. Not all of

green environment are cheap. Not all of them are cheap are readily available. Uh

them are cheap are readily available. Uh so getting uh the resources

so getting uh the resources uh converting them into something that

uh converting them into something that is safe to the environment uh is is

is safe to the environment uh is is still a challenge I would say.

>> Um what common misunderstanding do student have about engineering uh

student have about engineering uh practice?

practice? >> Common misunderstanding?

>> Common misunderstanding? >> H that is an interesting question. uh

>> H that is an interesting question. uh common mis and um

common mis and um I I guess the thing that I normally

I I guess the thing that I normally receive the kind of questions that I

receive the kind of questions that I normally received from uh my students uh

normally received from uh my students uh is that what is the difference between

is that what is the difference between uh an engineering uh engineer and a

uh an engineering uh engineer and a technologist

technologist uh engineer and a technician. Yeah. So,

uh engineer and a technician. Yeah. So, so these are uh things that uh perhaps

so these are uh things that uh perhaps they are not very certain of

they are not very certain of uh because they would say that uh let's

uh because they would say that uh let's say if they go to a lab for example if

say if they go to a lab for example if they ask the lecturer about the usage of

they ask the lecturer about the usage of a certain equipments uh then they say

a certain equipments uh then they say that it is better to ask a technician

that it is better to ask a technician yeah then than than a lecturer uh who

yeah then than than a lecturer uh who already has a a PhD and a professional

already has a a PhD and a professional status.

status. So in that sense they they they would

So in that sense they they they would argue that does it mean that a

argue that does it mean that a technician is better than an engineer.

technician is better than an engineer. So that is the kind of confusion or

So that is the kind of confusion or misunderstanding perhaps that uh that I

misunderstanding perhaps that uh that I receive from my students at least. And

receive from my students at least. And the thing about being an engineer is

the thing about being an engineer is that we actually design that equipment.

that we actually design that equipment. Yeah. We are the one who designs the

Yeah. We are the one who designs the equipment. I mean maybe not the

equipment. I mean maybe not the equipment that we have in the lab but we

equipment that we have in the lab but we have the capability the tools the

have the capability the tools the knowledge to design new things to

knowledge to design new things to develop new things to innovate so that's

develop new things to innovate so that's the that's the reason why the only way

the that's the reason why the only way to develop a country is to have lots and

to develop a country is to have lots and lots of engineers because engineers will

lots of engineers because engineers will utilize the knowledge that they have to

utilize the knowledge that they have to innovate to create new stuff yeah so so

innovate to create new stuff yeah so so the common misunderstanding I would say

the common misunderstanding I would say that uh they would argue that uh it is

that uh they would argue that uh it is just the same an engineer and a

just the same an engineer and a technician is the same. I guess that

technician is the same. I guess that that uh to me the the kind of questions

that uh to me the the kind of questions that I normally receive from my students

that I normally receive from my students and I would say that no that it's a two

and I would say that no that it's a two different thing you know being able to

different thing you know being able to innovate is the one who uh who is the

innovate is the one who uh who is the one capable of developing uh a country.

one capable of developing uh a country. So so it's a it's a it's a huge

So so it's a it's a it's a huge difference.

difference. >> All right. Are [clears throat] the

>> All right. Are [clears throat] the differences between working in

differences between working in government uh private companies or

government uh private companies or universities?

universities? >> Governments, universities, uh private

>> Governments, universities, uh private companies. Yeah. So, so three items

companies. Yeah. So, so three items there that is uh we normally use these

there that is uh we normally use these three things in a in a triple helix.

three things in a in a triple helix. Triple helix. I mean I'm not sure

Triple helix. I mean I'm not sure whether our students are aware about

whether our students are aware about triple helix but triple helix basically

triple helix but triple helix basically is a is a combination or a collaboration

is a is a combination or a collaboration between three important entities uh

between three important entities uh universities or academia government and

universities or academia government and industries. Yeah. Are there any

industries. Yeah. Are there any difference? Um there is a there there

difference? Um there is a there there are some differences definitely

are some differences definitely definitely there are some differences.

definitely there are some differences. Uh if you work in in an institution of

Uh if you work in in an institution of higher learning uh you basically involve

higher learning uh you basically involve in uh developing new knowledge

in uh developing new knowledge imparting those knowledge to students.

imparting those knowledge to students. Yeah. Uh train new uh engineers. So that

Yeah. Uh train new uh engineers. So that is if you choose to be to join an

is if you choose to be to join an academia. Yeah. If you choose to join

academia. Yeah. If you choose to join academia like like myself you know I'm a

academia like like myself you know I'm a lecturer in engineering. So I need to uh

lecturer in engineering. So I need to uh create new knowledge of engineering.

create new knowledge of engineering. That's number one. And number two impart

That's number one. And number two impart basically teach uh the knowledge that I

basically teach uh the knowledge that I have to students at a higher degree. And

have to students at a higher degree. And number three to impart basic fundamental

number three to impart basic fundamental knowledge to undergraduates. Yeah. So

knowledge to undergraduates. Yeah. So that is number one. If you join, if you

that is number one. If you join, if you want to join academia, if you want join

want to join academia, if you want join to join uh private companies, then I

to join uh private companies, then I would say that uh uh it is not about

would say that uh uh it is not about imparting new knowledge. It is not about

imparting new knowledge. It is not about creating new knowledge. It is about um u

creating new knowledge. It is about um u developing producing engineering

developing producing engineering products. Yeah. Developing producing

products. Yeah. Developing producing engineering products. Uh and then sell

engineering products. Uh and then sell them of course. Yeah. That's uh when you

them of course. Yeah. That's uh when you join a private company. So a totally

join a private company. So a totally different agenda, a different KPI. If

different agenda, a different KPI. If you join academia, the KPI would be

you join academia, the KPI would be about creating new knowledge, publish

about creating new knowledge, publish your knowledge, make sure that everybody

your knowledge, make sure that everybody is aware about your new knowledge that

is aware about your new knowledge that you created. Yeah. But if you join

you created. Yeah. But if you join private companies, then it is about

private companies, then it is about making profits, uh developing new

making profits, uh developing new products. Yeah. Whatever product that

products. Yeah. Whatever product that you have, you need to add on so that you

you have, you need to add on so that you have a version two, version three,

have a version two, version three, version five. Yeah. So that people will

version five. Yeah. So that people will be very happy with the products. People

be very happy with the products. People can actually utilize them in their daily

can actually utilize them in their daily life. So that is if you want to join

life. So that is if you want to join private companies. And the third one is

private companies. And the third one is government. Now government relates to

government. Now government relates to policym policym which is which I would

policym policym which is which I would say a very important component as well

say a very important component as well because without this policy without this

because without this policy without this regulations you cannot uh you cannot

regulations you cannot uh you cannot have the uh engineering program or

have the uh engineering program or engineering graduates to perform at

engineering graduates to perform at their best at their very best. Yeah. So

their best at their very best. Yeah. So the three components are important and

the three components are important and no matter which one uh you join either

no matter which one uh you join either you join the government or you join a

you join the government or you join a private sector or you join as an uh

private sector or you join as an uh academia in an institution of higher

academia in an institution of higher learning you play different roles and

learning you play different roles and these three roles are important.

these three roles are important. >> All right thank you that what advice

>> All right thank you that what advice would you give a student about entering

would you give a student about entering the engineering profession?

the engineering profession? advice engineering profession. Um I

advice engineering profession. Um I would advise um them to um I guess I

would advise um them to um I guess I would say the same as what D Rahhee

would say the same as what D Rahhee mentioned it's about lifelong learning

mentioned it's about lifelong learning isn't it? Uh so when you join this

isn't it? Uh so when you join this profession there is always new

profession there is always new development new technology and we

development new technology and we entered into the era of the fourth

entered into the era of the fourth industrial revolution we have now AI

industrial revolution we have now AI artificial intelligence and so on. So um

artificial intelligence and so on. So um and and we also in universities we also

and and we also in universities we also incorporate uh this new technology yeah

incorporate uh this new technology yeah into our engineering uh degree program

into our engineering uh degree program to prepare our graduates for the future.

to prepare our graduates for the future. uh uh so uh I would say that uh uh

uh uh so uh I would say that uh uh lifelong learning uh always keep your

lifelong learning uh always keep your mind uh into something new and

mind uh into something new and beneficial uh and think of how you can

beneficial uh and think of how you can benefit others with the information that

benefit others with the information that you have.

you have. >> Thank you so much profit

>> Thank you so much profit for the enlightening presentation and

for the enlightening presentation and discussion. We'll now proceed to our

discussion. We'll now proceed to our next module module number three

next module module number three engineering ethics. This will be

engineering ethics. This will be presented by Dr. Sri Professor Dr.

presented by Dr. Sri Professor Dr. Mustafa

Mustafa Professor

Professor Mustafa is a practicing civil and

Mustafa is a practicing civil and structural engineer with specialization

structural engineer with specialization in structural and fire engineering. He

in structural and fire engineering. He previously served as vice chancellor of

previously served as vice chancellor of UNC Taka National Uniten and currently

UNC Taka National Uniten and currently holds the position of chairman KTS

holds the position of chairman KTS management consultants in Amara. He also

management consultants in Amara. He also a council member on engineering

a council member on engineering acquisition council EAC.

acquisition council EAC. In addition to his academic and

In addition to his academic and professional role, he serves as a

professional role, he serves as a chairman of humanitarian care Malaysia

chairman of humanitarian care Malaysia my care and remains actively engaged in

my care and remains actively engaged in advancing engineering education,

advancing engineering education, institutional leadership and national

institutional leadership and national higher education developments. His

higher education developments. His contribution continue to shape both the

contribution continue to shape both the engineering profession and the broad

engineering profession and the broad academic landscape in Malaysia. Please

academic landscape in Malaysia. Please welcome

and um thank you for the kind invitation that extended to me to speak on

that extended to me to speak on engineering ethics um this morning and

engineering ethics um this morning and thank you to students from various ISL

thank you to students from various ISL institutions of higher learnings for

institutions of higher learnings for making time to attend to this webinar.

making time to attend to this webinar. Next

Next my uh presentation online is is as um

my uh presentation online is is as um displayed um I'll be speaking more on

displayed um I'll be speaking more on ethics and professionalism

ethics and professionalism but let me say um from um from the

but let me say um from um from the outset that um engineers are vital to

outset that um engineers are vital to shaping the world. uh we shape the

shaping the world. uh we shape the world, we develop the world. I mean uh

world, we develop the world. I mean uh whether it's telecommunication, whether

whether it's telecommunication, whether it's transportation, whether in

it's transportation, whether in construction, whether in oil and gas as

construction, whether in oil and gas as as exp as expounded by Dr. Rahim,

as exp as expounded by Dr. Rahim, whether in medical engineering as as

whether in medical engineering as as shared by profic uh we we contribute to

shared by profic uh we we contribute to the civilization and we shape the world.

the civilization and we shape the world. So it's it's very important that we uh

So it's it's very important that we uh build confidence in engineering

build confidence in engineering profession trustworthiness

profession trustworthiness so that um society at large will have

so that um society at large will have trust in us to ensure sustainability of

trust in us to ensure sustainability of the profession and hence uh comes in the

the profession and hence uh comes in the issue of ethics and professionalism. So

issue of ethics and professionalism. So uh my focus is on that uh two uh expect

uh my focus is on that uh two uh expect but I will also uh per pose through

but I will also uh per pose through issue I mean generating example case

issue I mean generating example case study briefly and also code of

study briefly and also code of professional conduct uh and consequences

professional conduct uh and consequences of ne neglect or negligence hopefully it

of ne neglect or negligence hopefully it won't happen to to all of us next

won't happen to to all of us next um ethics as you as I understand it and

um ethics as you as I understand it and and probably I may share this with all

and probably I may share this with all of you. It is a set of moral uh

of you. It is a set of moral uh principles

principles which help us discern or differentiate

which help us discern or differentiate between right and wrong. So it is it's

between right and wrong. So it is it's important to stress from beginning that

important to stress from beginning that uh ethics is set of moral principles and

uh ethics is set of moral principles and hence there will be uh issue of right or

hence there will be uh issue of right or issue of wrong and at times will be

issue of wrong and at times will be legal consequences

legal consequences uh if we do not adhere to the ethical

uh if we do not adhere to the ethical practices. Whereas professionalism is

practices. Whereas professionalism is more of um um action or good behavior or

more of um um action or good behavior or good judgment. Say u for example you uh

good judgment. Say u for example you uh if if I may use this um example to

if if I may use this um example to briefly elaborate issue of ethical uh

briefly elaborate issue of ethical uh and forgive me for say take because it

and forgive me for say take because it happens. agent or lawyer um who um take

happens. agent or lawyer um who um take money or or steals money from client's

money or or steals money from client's uh trust account

uh trust account that particular lawyer may lose uh

that particular lawyer may lose uh precing practicing certificate uh

precing practicing certificate uh because of his or her unethical

because of his or her unethical uh conduct or misconduct. So you you can

uh conduct or misconduct. So you you can see that you know when the issue of

see that you know when the issue of unethical there can be consequences very

unethical there can be consequences very um heavy consequences

um heavy consequences or on that particular person. Uh when

or on that particular person. Uh when you talk about professionalism this is

you talk about professionalism this is more of of our act conduct our uh

more of of our act conduct our uh behavior or judgment. For example,

behavior or judgment. For example, sometimes when we do presentation, the

sometimes when we do presentation, the students do a lot of presentations.

students do a lot of presentations. People may disagree with us, you know,

People may disagree with us, you know, criticize us and you know, highlight any

criticize us and you know, highlight any of our weaknesses, but we cannot be

of our weaknesses, but we cannot be emotional about it. We have to be

emotional about it. We have to be professional. So you you reply with

professional. So you you reply with data, with your your argument. So this

data, with your your argument. So this really this you know differentiate

really this you know differentiate between ethics uh set of moral

between ethics uh set of moral principles and professional

principles and professional professionalism is a is um conduct uh

professionalism is a is um conduct uh good judgment or good behavior but for

good judgment or good behavior but for all intents and purposes these two are

all intents and purposes these two are intertwined. You can never say that yeah

intertwined. You can never say that yeah I ethics is important I'm not worried

I ethics is important I'm not worried I'm I don't think it's professional is

I'm I don't think it's professional is is important to any of us or or vice

is important to any of us or or vice versa both uh are important you cannot

versa both uh are important you cannot um separate um um ethics and

um separate um um ethics and professionalism

professionalism and and that's the way that we conduct

and and that's the way that we conduct so I will always you know I believe that

so I will always you know I believe that if you are engineer say my background is

if you are engineer say my background is civil structural engineering so you

civil structural engineering so you build structure

build structure uh you are very good in structural

uh you are very good in structural engineering we are good in design of

engineering we are good in design of structures or in water supply

structures or in water supply um that that's okay that's very very

um that that's okay that's very very good but it is underpinned by ethical

good but it is underpinned by ethical ethics and professionalism uh and hence

ethics and professionalism uh and hence that actually will ensure uh

that actually will ensure uh sustainability of the profession the

sustainability of the profession the trust that we gain uh from public and

trust that we gain uh from public and from you know from society at large and

from you know from society at large and and it is uh also important Important

and it is uh also important Important for me to highlight here that at all

for me to highlight here that at all times we hold perm paramount the safety

times we hold perm paramount the safety has and the interest of the public. So

has and the interest of the public. So that that's a very very big statement

that that's a very very big statement very heavy statement that I would like

very heavy statement that I would like to share uh in the beginning that at all

to share uh in the beginning that at all times we hold paramount the safety

times we hold paramount the safety health and the interests of the public.

health and the interests of the public. Hence within this within this context

Hence within this within this context you know the comes the issue of ethics

you know the comes the issue of ethics and professionalism.

and professionalism. Next

Next you um as I was saying um

you um as I was saying um professionalism is is about conduct

professionalism is is about conduct about behavior and judgment. So all

about behavior and judgment. So all engineers um we I I would say you know

engineers um we I I would say you know students um when you graduate we are

students um when you graduate we are technically competent and even more so

technically competent and even more so when we um develop our career with the

when we um develop our career with the previous experience we we are even more

previous experience we we are even more technically competent. But being

technically competent. But being technically competent we may not get the

technically competent we may not get the trust of society. you know it it comes

trust of society. you know it it comes with um with um we have to process uh uh

with um with um we have to process uh uh um ethical and social responsibility.

um ethical and social responsibility. So that way uh the trust uh from will

So that way uh the trust uh from will come. So we have to uh comply with the

come. So we have to uh comply with the regulations. We have to ensure public

regulations. We have to ensure public safety uh we have to address social

safety uh we have to address social concern. We have to develop respect for

concern. We have to develop respect for others especially for our uh colleagues

others especially for our uh colleagues in in engineering profession. We have to

in in engineering profession. We have to uphold integrity, loyalty and

uphold integrity, loyalty and transparency. So uh having technical

transparency. So uh having technical competency is important. Yes, it's so

competency is important. Yes, it's so very important. But for us to gain gain

very important. But for us to gain gain the trust of the society and ensure

the trust of the society and ensure sustainability of the profession we have

sustainability of the profession we have to comply with all this legal uh

to comply with all this legal uh compliance as I was saying earlier on uh

compliance as I was saying earlier on uh ensuring public safety address social

ensuring public safety address social concern develop respect for us and so

concern develop respect for us and so on. Next.

on. Next. Uh sometimes we feel and I was you know

Uh sometimes we feel and I was you know I was teaching engineering before at

I was teaching engineering before at university. Um some we have to actually

university. Um some we have to actually share the students that that um we talk

share the students that that um we talk about ethics and professionalism. It's

about ethics and professionalism. It's not that uh uh it it comes in when you

not that uh uh it it comes in when you when you start your career. No, it

when you start your career. No, it actually um um um starts when when you

actually um um um starts when when you are in universities when you are taking

are in universities when you are taking your degree programs in your first year,

your degree programs in your first year, second year mechanical, electrical,

second year mechanical, electrical, chemical or whatever programs and

chemical or whatever programs and programs that you take as as the proverb

programs that you take as as the proverb uh says or the adage says that uh

uh says or the adage says that uh charity begins at home. So you don't uh

charity begins at home. So you don't uh you know you have to imbue this issue

you know you have to imbue this issue ethics and professionalism. why while

ethics and professionalism. why while you are in campus. So this um some of

you are in campus. So this um some of the examples that we have to be mindful

the examples that we have to be mindful of uh academic integrity. So um we have

of uh academic integrity. So um we have to ensure that um we you know when when

to ensure that um we you know when when you and also source citation when you uh

you and also source citation when you uh you know prepare reports or publish any

you know prepare reports or publish any any reports you have to be mindful of of

any reports you have to be mindful of of the intellectual property of the source

the intellectual property of the source of your data. So that is um ethic that

of your data. So that is um ethic that is ethical practice and you have also to

is ethical practice and you have also to um you know work uh uh in group work as

um you know work uh uh in group work as a team and this is where you develop

a team and this is where you develop your uh leadership skills, communication

your uh leadership skills, communication skills um respect for each other and um

skills um respect for each other and um and other things you know continuous

and other things you know continuous learning was um highlighted by Dur Rahim

learning was um highlighted by Dur Rahim and Prof Rafi uh uh previously that um

and Prof Rafi uh uh previously that um uh it's important that we go for uh you

uh it's important that we go for uh you know continuous learning only not only

know continuous learning only not only for our personal

for our personal uh um development for self uh

uh um development for self uh satisfaction but also to contribute more

satisfaction but also to contribute more to society. You have to be engaged in

to society. You have to be engaged in community. Um um you know certainly

community. Um um you know certainly through community engagement you

through community engagement you understand uh the pride of the people

understand uh the pride of the people outside campus and it will develop us to

outside campus and it will develop us to be a better person especially so when

be a better person especially so when you wish to become a leader we will

you wish to become a leader we will become leader in our own right when we

become leader in our own right when we while you're in university and also when

while you're in university and also when you complete your studies. Another point

you complete your studies. Another point is uh professional participation.

is uh professional participation. Forgive me for not following the the

Forgive me for not following the the order but uh professional participation

order but uh professional participation is important. I would strongly recommend

is important. I would strongly recommend students while you are in campus do

students while you are in campus do involve in um club and societies. You

involve in um club and societies. You have your uh IC

have your uh IC um branch or IMI or IM or whatever uh uh

um branch or IMI or IM or whatever uh uh you know um um society and campus do get

you know um um society and campus do get involved. Um this is where you learn

involved. Um this is where you learn about the trades about engineering

about the trades about engineering profession and also be involved and

profession and also be involved and opportunity to get in touch with um with

opportunity to get in touch with um with um experienced people who may come to

um experienced people who may come to campus and and share their experiences

campus and and share their experiences with you. So please do uh involve in in

with you. So please do uh involve in in this club and societies while you're on

this club and societies while you're on campus. So um if I might summarize this

campus. So um if I might summarize this on this slide is that it it the charity

on this slide is that it it the charity begins at home. So you got to start uh

begins at home. So you got to start uh developing an understanding about ethics

developing an understanding about ethics and professionalism while you are in

and professionalism while you are in campus. Don't ever feel that okay it is

campus. Don't ever feel that okay it is a issue that of concern when you work.

a issue that of concern when you work. No you have to you have to start early.

No you have to you have to start early. Next

Next there are many uh issues in in in life

there are many uh issues in in in life you know that gives we are very sad uh

you know that gives we are very sad uh to hear and to see it happening. um

to hear and to see it happening. um whether locally or internationally. So

whether locally or internationally. So this example number one, a chemical

this example number one, a chemical plant dispose waste in a landfill or

plant dispose waste in a landfill or certainly over time uh dangerous

certainly over time uh dangerous chemical will sip into underground water

chemical will sip into underground water and and nearby uh river. So the plant

and and nearby uh river. So the plant engineers um aware aware of this issue

engineers um aware aware of this issue but do not do not take any action to

but do not do not take any action to change this disposal method because

change this disposal method because maybe it may become costly because it

maybe it may become costly because it may take time because you got the

may take time because you got the process for getting approval be very

process for getting approval be very lengthy. So then uh nothing changed. Um

lengthy. So then uh nothing changed. Um initially the local authorities were not

initially the local authorities were not aware of the danger but over time you

aware of the danger but over time you know either the people or society or

know either the people or society or local actors will will come in and then

local actors will will come in and then you will be in trouble or the com the

you will be in trouble or the com the the the

the the company uh the factory will be in st in

company uh the factory will be in st in trouble the person in charge will be in

trouble the person in charge will be in trouble. uh this because we compromise

trouble. uh this because we compromise we do not adhere to ethical conduct. So

we do not adhere to ethical conduct. So please be mindful that you cannot

please be mindful that you cannot compromise safety of the people. We

compromise safety of the people. We cannot compromise the integrity of the

cannot compromise the integrity of the profession

profession at not at all cost. So the the best of

at not at all cost. So the the best of course is to follow um the provisions

course is to follow um the provisions provided for by local authorities and

provided for by local authorities and also the provision provided for by our

also the provision provided for by our engineering profession. So uh do not at

engineering profession. So uh do not at all compromise on on ethical uh

all compromise on on ethical uh behavior. We have to uphold uh ethical

behavior. We have to uphold uh ethical conduct. Next

conduct. Next example two is a faulty machinery is

example two is a faulty machinery is also I think quite do it it does happen

also I think quite do it it does happen but um I hope in future we'll be more

but um I hope in future we'll be more vigilant about this and and cannot be

vigilant about this and and cannot be party to this uh uh misconduct tenian

party to this uh uh misconduct tenian discovered 40 machinery and applied to

discovered 40 machinery and applied to stop it operation but the superior

stop it operation but the superior viewed this as minor insignificant and

viewed this as minor insignificant and and continue uh to operate, remove the

and continue uh to operate, remove the tag and and then uh worse is that the

tag and and then uh worse is that the technician who wanted to correct the

technician who wanted to correct the situation uh was subjected to um the

situation uh was subjected to um the disciplinary action. Um I I know you

disciplinary action. Um I I know you know an instances whereby um the

know an instances whereby um the machinery was faulty and um uh the the

machinery was faulty and um uh the the eventually the person or the working in

eventually the person or the working in that environment was got injured. Uh if

that environment was got injured. Uh if in within the context of a university

in within the context of a university you have um heavy structure lab so

you have um heavy structure lab so overhead crane you know so you have to

overhead crane you know so you have to be to operate the overhead crane you

be to operate the overhead crane you have to you have to have the license. So

have to you have to have the license. So it happened once uh many years ago uh it

it happened once uh many years ago uh it wasn't it was a faulty uh machinery that

wasn't it was a faulty uh machinery that it caused death to uh people working in

it caused death to uh people working in that environment. So uh the repercussion

that environment. So uh the repercussion is huge if we uh compromise on safety

is huge if we uh compromise on safety health and safety uh if we commit

health and safety uh if we commit unethical behavior. So be mindful of

unethical behavior. So be mindful of this. So it's important that we

this. So it's important that we highlight this example. There are many

highlight this example. There are many other uh examples so as to ensure that

other uh examples so as to ensure that it won't happen. So as to ensure that at

it won't happen. So as to ensure that at all times safety and and and health uh

all times safety and and and health uh is a paramount to to all of us.

is a paramount to to all of us. Next

um in anything in in life you have to be you have to have some form of

you have to have some form of regulations in engineering profession

regulations in engineering profession there is registration of engineers act

there is registration of engineers act 1967.

1967. So that that you know that that define

So that that you know that that define the process uh for registration of

the process uh for registration of engineers. So only qualified registers

engineers. So only qualified registers and individual can practice engineering

and individual can practice engineering and no profit was me mentioning earlier

and no profit was me mentioning earlier on not anyone can come and and and claim

on not anyone can come and and and claim that I'm a engineer let alone a

that I'm a engineer let alone a professional engineer with PEPC. So you

professional engineer with PEPC. So you have to go through the process. It is

have to go through the process. It is end to end system uh uh uh uh uh u

end to end system uh uh uh uh uh u complete uh tested system that you have

complete uh tested system that you have to go through from university days and

to go through from university days and you got if you want to be a professional

you got if you want to be a professional engineer there's examination PE and so

engineer there's examination PE and so on that you have to go through then only

on that you have to go through then only you can uh uh practice as an engineer.

you can uh uh practice as an engineer. Of course there are you know you um um

Of course there are you know you um um category of um inspector work or

category of um inspector work or engineering technicians, engineering

engineering technicians, engineering techn engineering technologist or

techn engineering technologist or graduate engineer, professional engineer

graduate engineer, professional engineer or professional engineer with practicing

or professional engineer with practicing certificate. There are um process and

certificate. There are um process and procedures that we have to follow before

procedures that we have to follow before we get we are deemed to be qualified and

we get we are deemed to be qualified and registered individ individuals. So

registered individ individuals. So please do be mind please do follow this

please do be mind please do follow this this uh process and procedure. I will

this uh process and procedure. I will suggest that as as much as possible

suggest that as as much as possible hopefully all of us will eventually

hopefully all of us will eventually register with board of engineers. you

have to register with quad engineers and then you become uh professional engineer

then you become uh professional engineer and with uh PEPC inshallah. But having

and with uh PEPC inshallah. But having said that there is also provision for

said that there is also provision for disciplinary action take to be taken

disciplinary action take to be taken against those who violate uh

against those who violate uh professional standards and conduct. So

professional standards and conduct. So whether you can you can be suspended or

whether you can you can be suspended or your registration can be cancelled and

your registration can be cancelled and so on. So next

so on. So next uh these are the various um acts and leg

uh these are the various um acts and leg legislation.

legislation. Why is it uh acts and legislation

Why is it uh acts and legislation important? The overarching

important? The overarching uh trust uh of the Malaysian acts and

uh trust uh of the Malaysian acts and regulations has been to safeguard

regulations has been to safeguard Malaysia's national interest and protect

Malaysia's national interest and protect public safety. So all of these acts and

public safety. So all of these acts and legislations is the purpose is to act to

legislations is the purpose is to act to protect uh our national interest to

protect uh our national interest to protect uh public safety. But each and

protect uh public safety. But each and individual acts and regulation will have

individual acts and regulation will have their own um uh specific um purpose. Say

their own um uh specific um purpose. Say if you talk about OSH is about u uh

if you talk about OSH is about u uh safety, health and welfare of people at

safety, health and welfare of people at work. So you talk about CB uh you know

work. So you talk about CB uh you know talking about the uh the protect the

talking about the uh the protect the people uh and the process involving

people uh and the process involving construction industry. So be mindful

construction industry. So be mindful again uh we have all these acts regul

again uh we have all these acts regul legislations that we have to follow uh

legislations that we have to follow uh because at the end of the day the

because at the end of the day the overarching

overarching uh impact is trust is to ensure public

uh impact is trust is to ensure public safety.

safety. Next

Next Registration engineers uh regulation

Registration engineers uh regulation 1990. This is actually there is a

1990. This is actually there is a revision in 2015 and this is subsidiary

revision in 2015 and this is subsidiary to uh regist registrations of um of um

to uh regist registrations of um of um engineers uh act 1967.

engineers uh act 1967. But basically this is more on the on the

But basically this is more on the on the code of conduct of us uh engineers. You

code of conduct of us uh engineers. You have to um we have to be uh responsible.

have to um we have to be uh responsible. We have to be hon act honorably and

We have to be hon act honorably and lawfully and we have to be responsible

lawfully and we have to be responsible to our employer to our client and our

to our employer to our client and our profession as I was saying earlier on at

profession as I was saying earlier on at all times a whole perount uh to safety

all times a whole perount uh to safety health and interest of the public. We

health and interest of the public. We have to discharge of duties of fidelity.

have to discharge of duties of fidelity. You have to be honest. You have to be

You have to be honest. You have to be faithful to our profession and also uh

faithful to our profession and also uh we have to m um uh maintain and protect

we have to m um uh maintain and protect the repetition of this uh profession at

the repetition of this uh profession at at no time we have we can maliciously

at no time we have we can maliciously injure our fellow colleagues uh in any

injure our fellow colleagues uh in any way. So it's important that we we

way. So it's important that we we protect the repetition of our colleagues

protect the repetition of our colleagues in engineering profession and also

in engineering profession and also protect uh engineering prof profession

protect uh engineering prof profession as a whole. Next

as a whole. Next registration of engineers uh regular

registration of engineers uh regular 1990 part 4 as I was mentioning earlier

1990 part 4 as I was mentioning earlier on this is a subsidiary of the of the

on this is a subsidiary of the of the engineers registration and 967.

engineers registration and 967. [clears throat]

[clears throat] So it mentions specifically in

So it mentions specifically in regulation 27

regulation 27 um prohibiting canvasing and ad

um prohibiting canvasing and ad advertising. I think normally when we

advertising. I think normally when we advertise normally is about it's about

advertise normally is about it's about self laudy you know we advertise with

self laudy you know we advertise with self laudy mean meaning that we we we

self laudy mean meaning that we we we praise ourself we praise the things that

praise ourself we praise the things that we do at the expense of our uh

we do at the expense of our uh displacing our uh uh uh other engineers

displacing our uh uh uh other engineers or colleagues this is not allowed um you

or colleagues this is not allowed um you know seatory

know seatory you know praising our staff and

you know praising our staff and displacing other colleagues that is not

displacing other colleagues that is not allowed. Uh so uh uh regulation 27 of

allowed. Uh so uh uh regulation 27 of the uh regulation 1990 part 4 conduct of

the uh regulation 1990 part 4 conduct of professional um and engineers prohib

professional um and engineers prohib prohibit us from from um undertaking

prohibit us from from um undertaking this advertisement. But uh you may you

this advertisement. But uh you may you know um uh get um approval in certain

know um uh get um approval in certain cases um but not at the expense of

cases um but not at the expense of displeasing our profess profession and

displeasing our profess profession and displeasing uh other engineers. Next

displeasing uh other engineers. Next again uh conduct of professional um the

again uh conduct of professional um the you look at the regulation 2031 if I may

you look at the regulation 2031 if I may summarize it's about system and orderly

summarize it's about system and orderly uh we have to we have to uh support uh

uh we have to we have to uh support uh supplement uh we have to work together

supplement uh we have to work together uh we have to um um uh you know practice

uh we have to um um uh you know practice um and and do not in any way take over

um and and do not in any way take over the work of our other colleagues until

the work of our other colleagues until there's a clear uh passing over of the

there's a clear uh passing over of the work from the previous consultant or or

work from the previous consultant or or engineer passing it to us or the client

engineer passing it to us or the client itself uh um issue uh a written um

itself uh um issue uh a written um approval for for uh for any one of us to

approval for for uh for any one of us to take over the job taking over from

take over the job taking over from previous engineers. So we have to ensure

previous engineers. So we have to ensure within the context of ethics and

within the context of ethics and professionalism we have to ensure the

professionalism we have to ensure the systems are we have maintain the system

systems are we have maintain the system orderly system in our practice. Uh

orderly system in our practice. Uh whereas in regulation 32 and regulation

whereas in regulation 32 and regulation 33 it's about uh to avoid conflict of

33 it's about uh to avoid conflict of interest. Uh you cannot be um

interest. Uh you cannot be um engineering in engineering consultancy

engineering in engineering consultancy practice. you design you know facilities

practice. you design you know facilities but at the same time you sit on the

but at the same time you sit on the board of the on on on the construction

board of the on on on the construction company. So because this may uh uh lead

company. So because this may uh uh lead to conflict of interest uh but you you

to conflict of interest uh but you you need to get approval for you to sit uh

need to get approval for you to sit uh or to hold shares or to be part of the

or to hold shares or to be part of the construction company or manufacturing

construction company or manufacturing companies. uh you got to get approval

companies. uh you got to get approval from board of of engineers but uh only

from board of of engineers but uh only then you are allowed if it is uh uh it

then you are allowed if it is uh uh it is um uh design and build concept

is um uh design and build concept otherwise you you are not allowed but

otherwise you you are not allowed but the the issue is mainly to avoid a

the the issue is mainly to avoid a conflict of interest. Next

conflict of interest. Next again um you know I was saying earlier

again um you know I was saying earlier on who when we say registered person uh

on who when we say registered person uh who are they professional engineer with

who are they professional engineer with practicing certificate um professional

practicing certificate um professional engineer graduate engineer engineer

engineer graduate engineer engineer technologist and inspector works and

technologist and inspector works and this is stipulated uh in board of engine

this is stipulated uh in board of engine circular uh 01 2016. to clearly define

circular uh 01 2016. to clearly define who are uh when we say uh registered

who are uh when we say uh registered person who are dead. Next

again uh on code of conduct uh the the issue is is so very important for me to

issue is is so very important for me to highlight that you should never certify

highlight that you should never certify any work until you are sure that is safe

any work until you are sure that is safe uh that is um orderly and and you have

uh that is um orderly and and you have control over its operation. So u there

control over its operation. So u there are cases where you say oh I trust you

are cases where you say oh I trust you so can I sign or you know can I certify

so can I sign or you know can I certify the work so based on you know what let

the work so based on you know what let alone the CSC say then you put your

alone the CSC say then you put your signature to please do not um ever do

signature to please do not um ever do this you can you you can only certify

this you can you you can only certify any work for that matter if you're sure

any work for that matter if you're sure that that is safe you have um control

that that is safe you have um control over the operation you have witness or

over the operation you have witness or inspected such work otherwise you know

inspected such work otherwise you know you may lead to some uh problem uh uh

you may lead to some uh problem uh uh which may come later on. So this is very

which may come later on. So this is very important when you certify any work.

important when you certify any work. Next

Next consequences of neglect um or know you

consequences of neglect um or know you know that when we design any facilities

know that when we design any facilities we design for intended purpose we design

we design for intended purpose we design for safety and of course design for

for safety and of course design for cost. it cannot [clears throat] be

cost. it cannot [clears throat] be exorbitant. Uh there's always limit to

exorbitant. Uh there's always limit to the bike jet of course for any

the bike jet of course for any particular facilities. So again you know

particular facilities. So again you know our duties as engineers we design for uh

our duties as engineers we design for uh purpose for the intended purpose uh save

purpose for the intended purpose uh save for safety and and also be mindful of

for safety and and also be mindful of the cost. So if you

the cost. So if you commit error in the design or you in in

commit error in the design or you in in the supervisions or you do not adhere to

the supervisions or you do not adhere to uh principle of ethics and

uh principle of ethics and professionalism the consequences can be

professionalism the consequences can be huge you know is something that we

huge you know is something that we cannot just take for granted loss of

cannot just take for granted loss of life legal liabilities

life legal liabilities legal repercussions. So you know these

legal repercussions. So you know these are huge which may impact us or may

are huge which may impact us or may impact the profession but loss of life

impact the profession but loss of life is something that is very worrying. So

is something that is very worrying. So we know uh circumstances we u uh should

we know uh circumstances we u uh should we u neglect or or we disobey um the

we u neglect or or we disobey um the ethical practices which is so very

ethical practices which is so very paramount.

paramount. Next

Next case study again you know you know this

case study again you know you know this is silent tower happens some many years

is silent tower happens some many years ago um uh it is the issue um the

ago um uh it is the issue um the underlying ethical issues um it was

underlying ethical issues um it was built in unstable terin insufficient

built in unstable terin insufficient drainage and and also a slip slope uh

drainage and and also a slip slope uh stabilization measures were not put in

stabilization measures were not put in place so hence the collapse of highland

place so hence the collapse of highland towers over the years after it was

towers over the years after it was constructed and sadly 48 people died uh

constructed and sadly 48 people died uh in that incident. So uh significant

in that incident. So uh significant implications that um engineers and

implications that um engineers and building professionals we have to

building professionals we have to emphasize on the need for ethical

emphasize on the need for ethical practice um and we have to follow uh the

practice um and we have to follow uh the um regulations um put by local

um regulations um put by local government and um and um again as I was

government and um and um again as I was saying earlier on that we have to ensure

saying earlier on that we have to ensure safety and stability uh and and integ

safety and stability uh and and integ integrity of the uh facilities that we

integrity of the uh facilities that we build and we have to uh you know um

build and we have to uh you know um share uh uh take responsibility for what

share uh uh take responsibility for what uh things that we do. Next

um AI I think AI is the thing now. So um artificial intelligence. So um you we

artificial intelligence. So um you we know that uh now computer can mimics or

know that uh now computer can mimics or can do things that replace human

can do things that replace human intelligence. But that that is the AI

intelligence. But that that is the AI ethics to ensure that um we do not

ethics to ensure that um we do not actually compromise again on on on

actually compromise again on on on anything. this um example or mention

anything. this um example or mention about um a senior employee in the UK. Uh

about um a senior employee in the UK. Uh he used uh an AI generated um deep fake

he used uh an AI generated um deep fake um uh call or he relied on it at the

um uh call or he relied on it at the expense of instruction from his

expense of instruction from his superior. So which had caused um some

superior. So which had caused um some problem within the uh um um environment

problem within the uh um um environment he was working in. So be be mindful uh

he was working in. So be be mindful uh why you leverage on technology uh it

why you leverage on technology uh it should not in any way compromise on

should not in any way compromise on ethical issues and our professionalism.

ethical issues and our professionalism. So um if I'm at next um

next. So okay um um to summarize I think the

So okay um um to summarize I think the topic here is on ethics that I'm I

topic here is on ethics that I'm I shared with all of you is about ethics

shared with all of you is about ethics and professionalism. Uh you have to be

and professionalism. Uh you have to be mindful that we carry a big

mindful that we carry a big responsibility. So you know for forgive

responsibility. So you know for forgive me for saying this if you're a doctor

me for saying this if you're a doctor maybe you know if you do wrong you know

maybe you know if you do wrong you know one patient may suffer hopefully it

one patient may suffer hopefully it won't happen but if you're an engineer

won't happen but if you're an engineer you design facilities or say example

you design facilities or say example bridges and and and buildings and and so

bridges and and and buildings and and so on. So the you know the suffering a lot

on. So the you know the suffering a lot not one or many people may suffer

not one or many people may suffer because of mistake that we do. So please

because of mistake that we do. So please be mindful about um about the safety

be mindful about um about the safety about health and integrity of the

about health and integrity of the public. Um all of things that we do with

public. Um all of things that we do with design facilities, it should be

design facilities, it should be underpinned by ethics and

underpinned by ethics and professionalism. Thank you very much for

professionalism. Thank you very much for the for for for the time given.

the for for for the time given. >> Thank you so much. Uh Dr. Sri, we're

>> Thank you so much. Uh Dr. Sri, we're going to go to the Q&A now quickly. Uh

going to go to the Q&A now quickly. Uh the first question is what should a

the first question is what should a young engineer do if asked to do

young engineer do if asked to do something they feel is wrong?

something they feel is wrong? >> You have to you have to

>> You have to you have to uh stay true to to your profession to

uh stay true to to your profession to the issue of ethics

the issue of ethics uh and and professionalism. If it is

uh and and professionalism. If it is wrong it's wrong in no way that we

wrong it's wrong in no way that we should compromise our principle.

should compromise our principle. uh we have to stand up to our principle

uh we have to stand up to our principle and to uh protect the big the bigger

and to uh protect the big the bigger interest of the people of the society

interest of the people of the society and to ensure to protect the interest of

and to ensure to protect the interest of the profession. I was saying and sharing

the profession. I was saying and sharing example before you know when when you

example before you know when when you compromise on issue and this issue of

compromise on issue and this issue of safety when you do not hold ethical um

safety when you do not hold ethical um conduct then there will be rep

conduct then there will be rep repercussions sooner or later. So we

repercussions sooner or later. So we have to avoid all this at all cost.

have to avoid all this at all cost. Stand to your principle.

Stand to your principle. >> Okay. What step can engineers take to

>> Okay. What step can engineers take to ensure their decision remain ethically

ensure their decision remain ethically responsible in challenging situation? If

responsible in challenging situation? If you follow uh the guidelines

you follow uh the guidelines um you know the provisions stipulated in

um you know the provisions stipulated in whether in our code of conduct whether

whether in our code of conduct whether in provisions provided for by local

in provisions provided for by local authorities and you follow them

authorities and you follow them throughout your design your you know

throughout your design your you know implementation of project then you're

implementation of project then you're okay. So uh stick to the rules and

okay. So uh stick to the rules and regulations, stick to the um uh

regulations, stick to the um uh instructions given um but never ever

instructions given um but never ever compromise on this matter.

compromise on this matter. >> Okay. How can students learn to act

>> Okay. How can students learn to act professionally even before graduation?

professionally even before graduation? you uh I would encourage I was

you uh I would encourage I was mentioning earlier on well in well in

mentioning earlier on well in well in campus I think it's important for

campus I think it's important for students to be involved in clubs and

students to be involved in clubs and societies u there are many you know IM

societies u there are many you know IM branch chapter IC branch chapter IMI or

branch chapter IC branch chapter IMI or or you know some other club societies

or you know some other club societies this is where you develop uh you know

this is where you develop uh you know some skills um soft skills mentioned by

some skills um soft skills mentioned by Dr. Rahim was mentioning about

Dr. Rahim was mentioning about importance of developing uh soft skill

importance of developing uh soft skill about leadership communication and more

about leadership communication and more importantly you club and societies

importantly you club and societies nobody will organize uh professional

nobody will organize uh professional engineers to come [clears throat] to

engineers to come [clears throat] to university and share their experience or

university and share their experience or uh club and society will organize

uh club and society will organize activities bringing students out of

activities bringing students out of campus to visit you know some site site

campus to visit you know some site site um under facilities under construction.

um under facilities under construction. This is where you you you get exposure

This is where you you you get exposure early exposure on issues related to

early exposure on issues related to ethics, professionalism and about

ethics, professionalism and about challenges that you may face in in

challenges that you may face in in industry. Please don't leave it too

industry. Please don't leave it too late. Please don't think that oh I'll

late. Please don't think that oh I'll get this when I start working then I'll

get this when I start working then I'll get all the skills, the exposure, the

get all the skills, the exposure, the knowledge. No, you it is best that you

knowledge. No, you it is best that you get all this while you are in campus and

get all this while you are in campus and you have ample time. If you take

you have ample time. If you take engineer in four years, please do time

engineer in four years, please do time spare time to be involved in club and

spare time to be involved in club and societies and the universities also will

societies and the universities also will um you know encourage volunteerism.

um you know encourage volunteerism. So it's important for students to

So it's important for students to volunteer uh in in works in campus or

volunteer uh in in works in campus or also outside campus and this is uh you

also outside campus and this is uh you know you you you build your character uh

know you you you build your character uh as a professional you know future

as a professional you know future professional engineer while you are

professional engineer while you are student in campus.

student in campus. >> Right. Last question. How can engineers

>> Right. Last question. How can engineers balance costsaving decision with

balance costsaving decision with maintaining safety and ethics?

maintaining safety and ethics? >> So you say that again. How can engineers

>> So you say that again. How can engineers balance costsaving decisions with

balance costsaving decisions with maintaining safety and ethics?

maintaining safety and ethics? >> Oh, this is this is a special skill. You

>> Oh, this is this is a special skill. You know, I was um sharing earlier on is

know, I was um sharing earlier on is about um when you design facilities, you

about um when you design facilities, you design for the intended purpose of

design for the intended purpose of safety and cost. A lot of discussion, a

safety and cost. A lot of discussion, a lot of um um check and balance, a lot of

lot of um um check and balance, a lot of revision work. But all in all, you have

revision work. But all in all, you have to be you have to listen to um

to be you have to listen to um suggestions uh to opinions and you have

suggestions uh to opinions and you have to listen to advice from your senior

to listen to advice from your senior engineers. Uh and this is way forward.

engineers. Uh and this is way forward. uh never stop uh learning, never stop uh

uh never stop uh learning, never stop uh discussing, never stop working uh as a

discussing, never stop working uh as a team and never stop learning from your

team and never stop learning from your experienced engineer and the the um your

experienced engineer and the the um your um trajectory will be a lot faster if

um trajectory will be a lot faster if you approach if you adopt this approach

you approach if you adopt this approach rather than you know you isolate

rather than you know you isolate yourself in silo from keeping yourself

yourself in silo from keeping yourself away from your team members from from

away from your team members from from listening to advise of people.

listening to advise of people. >> Thank you so much Jatusri uh for your

>> Thank you so much Jatusri uh for your insights and respond. Uh we're going to

insights and respond. Uh we're going to move on to our next our last module this

move on to our next our last module this morning engineers and the world. This

morning engineers and the world. This will be presented by engineer jawari

will be presented by engineer jawari magnar

is distinguished figure in Malaysia's engineering committee. He currently

engineering committee. He currently serves as the president of the Malaysian

serves as the president of the Malaysian society of engineering and technology

society of engineering and technology mindset, a board member of the board

mindset, a board member of the board Malaysia and the deputy chair of the

Malaysia and the deputy chair of the engineering technology accretion council

engineering technology accretion council ETAC. He is also former chair of the

ETAC. He is also former chair of the engineering accredititation council EAC

engineering accredititation council EAC under BM. He played a pivotal role in

under BM. He played a pivotal role in securing Malaysia full status under

securing Malaysia full status under Washington sorts

Washington sorts strengthening the international

strengthening the international recognition of Malaysia's engineering

recognition of Malaysia's engineering qualification. an accomplished academ.

qualification. an accomplished academ. He has published more than 300 papers in

He has published more than 300 papers in the field of environmental engineering

the field of environmental engineering and engineering education.

and engineering education. At the international level, he made

At the international level, he made history as the first Malaysian appointed

history as the first Malaysian appointed as chair of Dublin ECO under the

as chair of Dublin ECO under the international entering alliance IEA

international entering alliance IEA making significant milestone for the

making significant milestone for the nation in global engineering education

nation in global engineering education leadership. Please welcome engine.

leadership. Please welcome engine. Thank you engineer Zyroman

and very good morning to all. I know there's been a long um journey for you

there's been a long um journey for you this morning. Um being the last speaker

this morning. Um being the last speaker of the session. I hope you can still um

of the session. I hope you can still um pay the attention.

pay the attention. Now the outline of my presentation

Now the outline of my presentation generally would cover the

generally would cover the introduction to engineers and the world.

introduction to engineers and the world. Now when we talk about engineers and the

Now when we talk about engineers and the world is not just engineers but rather

world is not just engineers but rather the the engineering personnel those who

the the engineering personnel those who actually contribute to the world itself

actually contribute to the world itself in terms of engineering. Now the the

in terms of engineering. Now the the other will be the responsibilities and

other will be the responsibilities and we look at the the sort of

we look at the the sort of multi-disiplinary knowledge that is

multi-disiplinary knowledge that is required and other knowledge that would

required and other knowledge that would enable us to actually propagate or

enable us to actually propagate or ensure sustainable development uh to be

ensure sustainable development uh to be considered seriously by engineers. And

considered seriously by engineers. And last but not least, we'll be looking at

last but not least, we'll be looking at the impacts on the engineering solutions

the impacts on the engineering solutions as well as the of course some of these

as well as the of course some of these are already covered by the previous

are already covered by the previous speakers uh about the local and federal

speakers uh about the local and federal authorities in terms of these standards.

authorities in terms of these standards. Now briefly really we are highlighting

Now briefly really we are highlighting something that is quite one would say

something that is quite one would say not so much being put emphasis in the

not so much being put emphasis in the past. Many a time that we tend to focus

past. Many a time that we tend to focus on technological prowess or the more of

on technological prowess or the more of the technical knowledge one or an

the technical knowledge one or an engineers should have but rather the

engineers should have but rather the soft skills or the other effective

soft skills or the other effective components are not really being

components are not really being addressed. So here we are talking about

addressed. So here we are talking about the outcomes number six under the

the outcomes number six under the engineering accredititation standards or

engineering accredititation standards or ETC standards where it actually calls

ETC standards where it actually calls for us to focus on the engineers and the

for us to focus on the engineers and the world itself. That is to say we cannot

world itself. That is to say we cannot forget that when we produce solutions we

forget that when we produce solutions we are actually doing it for the society

are actually doing it for the society doing it for the world doing it for the

doing it for the world doing it for the environment really and we have to ensure

environment really and we have to ensure that all impacts related to all these

that all impacts related to all these would be mitigated next

would be mitigated next so there are a number of standards that

so there are a number of standards that are available and PO6 it's common to all

are available and PO6 it's common to all the common stem here when we say about

the common stem here when we say about PO6 which is engineers in the world.

PO6 which is engineers in the world. It's common in the sense that every one

It's common in the sense that every one of us whether you are engineers, engine

of us whether you are engineers, engine technologies or engine technicians which

technologies or engine technicians which the board call IO at the moment um they

the board call IO at the moment um they are supposed to ensure that sustainable

are supposed to ensure that sustainable development is being considered in any

development is being considered in any of the solutions that they provide. So

of the solutions that they provide. So here evaluation analysis and evaluation

here evaluation analysis and evaluation at least for the engineers and the

at least for the engineers and the engine technologist but for the

engine technologist but for the technicians they would need to look at

technicians they would need to look at the how the impact on the society takes

the how the impact on the society takes place because the the technicians tends

place because the the technicians tends to be assisting the engineers and the

to be assisting the engineers and the engine technologies.

engine technologies. So sustainable development becomes more

So sustainable development becomes more and more important. I mean used to be we

and more important. I mean used to be we hear about the millennium development

hear about the millennium development goals. Now you have these 17 uh SDGs and

goals. Now you have these 17 uh SDGs and sustainable development goals and all

sustainable development goals and all these is actually trying to bring us to

these is actually trying to bring us to one thing which means to say we

one thing which means to say we shouldn't be compromising the future

shouldn't be compromising the future generation in terms of what we are

generation in terms of what we are reaping at the moment. So the

reaping at the moment. So the environment has to maintain as what we

environment has to maintain as what we are reaping now and that's all about

are reaping now and that's all about sustainability. So that means to say any

sustainability. So that means to say any development work that we get involved in

development work that we get involved in we have to ensure that the it's going

we have to ensure that the it's going it's not going to ruin the future

it's not going to ruin the future [clears throat] generations being able

[clears throat] generations being able to actually experience what we are

to actually experience what we are experiencing now. So that's the the crux

experiencing now. So that's the the crux of it. Next.

of it. Next. Now there are three

Now there are three knowledge profiles. One would say WK1,

knowledge profiles. One would say WK1, 5 and 7. But it is more about

5 and 7. But it is more about integrating a number of knowledge, not

integrating a number of knowledge, not just purely engineering knowledge. For

just purely engineering knowledge. For example, if you look at WK5 here, it's

example, if you look at WK5 here, it's all about making sure that when you do

all about making sure that when you do design, you consider all these aspects

design, you consider all these aspects like all life cost that means not just

like all life cost that means not just looking at the initial cost. It's about

looking at the initial cost. It's about life cycle. Look at possibility of reuse

life cycle. Look at possibility of reuse of resources or even looking at the net

of resources or even looking at the net zero carbon uh and other concepts and

zero carbon uh and other concepts and all these are sustainable concept that

all these are sustainable concept that brings you to a better sustainable

brings you to a better sustainable development

development uh in terms of solving problems. Uh

uh in terms of solving problems. Uh whereas WK1 is all about the natural

whereas WK1 is all about the natural sciences and the awareness on the social

sciences and the awareness on the social science. So we cannot run away and say

science. So we cannot run away and say that you know we'll just focus solely on

that you know we'll just focus solely on technical aspects but here the

technical aspects but here the importance of understanding natural

importance of understanding natural sciences as well as social sciences

sciences as well as social sciences would enable us to navigate in solving

would enable us to navigate in solving the problems.

the problems. Now if you look at uh some of these uh

Now if you look at uh some of these uh important aspects on WK1

important aspects on WK1 I'm just giving you an example of the

I'm just giving you an example of the environmental science we we tend to for

environmental science we we tend to for example if you are looking at solving

example if you are looking at solving wastewater treatment plant design then

wastewater treatment plant design then you should be you should understand that

you should be you should understand that how is it going to impact the overall

how is it going to impact the overall ecosystem of what you are trying to

ecosystem of what you are trying to discharge. So in a sense can you start

discharge. So in a sense can you start to minimize the environmental impact. So

to minimize the environmental impact. So that's the thinking that we should be

that's the thinking that we should be having that's the consideration and then

having that's the consideration and then when we look at integrating social

when we look at integrating social sciences in it uh which is more

sciences in it uh which is more important like there was a question

important like there was a question asking about balancing. So when we talk

asking about balancing. So when we talk about transportation is it all about

about transportation is it all about making sure everybody can have access to

making sure everybody can have access to it and reduce possibly the potential

it and reduce possibly the potential pollution as well uh in the future or is

pollution as well uh in the future or is it the cost that becomes more important.

it the cost that becomes more important. So that's the sort of balancing the

So that's the sort of balancing the thinking that we must be having when we

thinking that we must be having when we are trying to solve this problem right

are trying to solve this problem right and that's the the very reason why

and that's the the very reason why social science uh awareness is actually

social science uh awareness is actually important as far as when we are

important as far as when we are delivering engineering projects. Next.

delivering engineering projects. Next. So when it comes to uh aspects like how

So when it comes to uh aspects like how do you manage your resources?

do you manage your resources? So in fact engineering if we talk about

So in fact engineering if we talk about life cycle analysis that is being done

life cycle analysis that is being done uh it is important that we look from uh

uh it is important that we look from uh basically cradle to the grave really.

basically cradle to the grave really. And we think about when we design we

And we think about when we design we design for the environment, safety of

design for the environment, safety of the environment, safety of people and

the environment, safety of people and then we talk about how do we minimize or

then we talk about how do we minimize or rather prevention if possible and then

rather prevention if possible and then about efficiencies that we need to put

about efficiencies that we need to put in and conservation works that needs to

in and conservation works that needs to be done. So these are considerations

be done. So these are considerations and um it it's not just a matter of

and um it it's not just a matter of solving such a problem without thinking

solving such a problem without thinking about what could be the possible impact

about what could be the possible impact next.

next. Now the one of the things that becomes

Now the one of the things that becomes important for engineers has been re sort

important for engineers has been re sort of iterated and reiterated by the

of iterated and reiterated by the previous speakers uh is all about public

previous speakers uh is all about public safety. It's about responsibility to

safety. It's about responsibility to public safety. Now it it deals with of

public safety. Now it it deals with of course integrity it deals with ethics uh

course integrity it deals with ethics uh but it also deals with we being able to

but it also deals with we being able to understand that the environment is

understand that the environment is important what's going to happen to the

important what's going to happen to the environment right so sometimes we we are

environment right so sometimes we we are just concerned about our internal or

just concerned about our internal or small environment but we do not look at

small environment but we do not look at large and how it affects just like for

large and how it affects just like for example the haze problem sometimes we

example the haze problem sometimes we say oh no that's the across the border

say oh no that's the across the border but haze doesn't know borders right it

but haze doesn't know borders right it just moves so you see when we think

just moves so you see when we think about solving problems we have to also

about solving problems we have to also consider what happens to our neighbors

consider what happens to our neighbors right um what about the stakeholders

right um what about the stakeholders we need to think about them so that when

we need to think about them so that when we solve problems we are solving not

we solve problems we are solving not transferring problems you know sometimes

transferring problems you know sometimes we do transfer problems

we do transfer problems the other thing about the solution on

the other thing about the solution on the impact that we need to look at. Um

the impact that we need to look at. Um so these are amongst the things that

so these are amongst the things that we'll have to consider for example the

we'll have to consider for example the effect on the ecosystem. uh compliance

effect on the ecosystem. uh compliance to the law has been mentioned quite a

to the law has been mentioned quite a lot just now and about the safety

lot just now and about the safety aspects quite important and the other

aspects quite important and the other thing that we need to also look at is

thing that we need to also look at is the long-term impact on the environment

the long-term impact on the environment not just the immediate impact you know

not just the immediate impact you know sometimes when we look at the

sometimes when we look at the environmental impact assessment um they

environmental impact assessment um they tend to focus more on the immediate ones

tend to focus more on the immediate ones rather than the future they do mention

rather than the future they do mention about mitigation but then who actually

about mitigation but then who actually follows the And in some cases financial

follows the And in some cases financial implication is important but that was

implication is important but that was that used to be the only one that

that used to be the only one that determines the solution at that one

determines the solution at that one particular time. But what is important

particular time. But what is important here is to look at all the options that

here is to look at all the options that we have and then do that balancing act

we have and then do that balancing act and impact on the community and culture.

and impact on the community and culture. Um we seldom put much effort but we have

Um we seldom put much effort but we have to understand there are things that are

to understand there are things that are sacred to certain community. Just to

sacred to certain community. Just to give an example, there was one time that

give an example, there was one time that uh a company that wanted to actually um

uh a company that wanted to actually um build a water treatment plant but taking

build a water treatment plant but taking in water coming from areas where the

in water coming from areas where the pigree waste is actually being dump into

pigree waste is actually being dump into the river. So you'll find that it is not

the river. So you'll find that it is not acceptable to some right. So we have to

acceptable to some right. So we have to think about what is the culture as well

think about what is the culture as well and that means to say the societies

and that means to say the societies have the say as well and they may not

have the say as well and they may not use what you propose and it will not be

use what you propose and it will not be solving the problem really when it

solving the problem really when it doesn't meet the needs or the cultural

doesn't meet the needs or the cultural aspects of the society and the

aspects of the society and the environment. Okay. Next

environment. Okay. Next [clears throat]

[clears throat] um this is just another aspects where uh

um this is just another aspects where uh if you talk about the supply chain and

if you talk about the supply chain and marketing and so on you'll find that

marketing and so on you'll find that whatever you do there is going to be an

whatever you do there is going to be an impact right but what more important

impact right but what more important here is uh is it all about saving costs

here is uh is it all about saving costs is it all about making sure that you

is it all about making sure that you have grand infrastructure and yet no one

have grand infrastructure and yet no one is willing to actually use it um or are

is willing to actually use it um or are you talking about trying to be efficient

you talking about trying to be efficient but of course being efficient sometime

but of course being efficient sometime means to say you are actually limiting

means to say you are actually limiting the economic gains. So these are again

the economic gains. So these are again uh the impact the analysis that needs to

uh the impact the analysis that needs to be done when coming to the trying to

be done when coming to the trying to solve this I mean the engineering

solve this I mean the engineering problems next

problems next now sustainability

now sustainability issues uh could be related to resources

issues uh could be related to resources uh we know that uh even now that we are

uh we know that uh even now that we are talking about maybe rare earth in

talking about maybe rare earth in Malaysia right so that's going to be a

Malaysia right so that's going to be a depleting resource so how do we deal

depleting resource so how do we deal with that that's as engineers years,

with that that's as engineers years, right? Maybe as policy holders, they may

right? Maybe as policy holders, they may have other things to consider. But how

have other things to consider. But how do we actually manage to um sort of

do we actually manage to um sort of implement something that is not going to

implement something that is not going to be resource um depletion pollution as a

be resource um depletion pollution as a result of things that you know whether

result of things that you know whether you mine it or you use it or you produce

you mine it or you use it or you produce something that produces waste or even

something that produces waste or even resilient in terms of um how does a

resilient in terms of um how does a building actually sustain

building actually sustain in terms of if there are

in terms of if there are and then uh ecosystem impact. What

and then uh ecosystem impact. What happens uh when it comes to solving

happens uh when it comes to solving problems that you actually may cause the

problems that you actually may cause the ecosystem to actually die out the ri the

ecosystem to actually die out the ri the rivers or the ponds or the lakes may

rivers or the ponds or the lakes may actually go dead. There's no life in

actually go dead. There's no life in there. So these are the things that you

there. So these are the things that you have to consider.

have to consider. So other aspects what has been mentioned

So other aspects what has been mentioned about the health and safety aspects very

about the health and safety aspects very much public health is paramount right

much public health is paramount right and if you look at this um here it

and if you look at this um here it actually focus more on the pollution

actually focus more on the pollution aspects but it is more than that it also

aspects but it is more than that it also includes the occupational health uh it

includes the occupational health uh it is also designed uh you you sometime

is also designed uh you you sometime hear about designing for foolproof right

hear about designing for foolproof right making sure that people do not actually

making sure that people do not actually make mistakes

make mistakes unnecessarily it's human error and the

unnecessarily it's human error and the other thing that a lot has been uh

other thing that a lot has been uh emphasized on risk assessment. Um so

emphasized on risk assessment. Um so mitigation is all about uh trying to

mitigation is all about uh trying to mitigate the risk so that whatever

mitigate the risk so that whatever design you come up with is a safe design

design you come up with is a safe design and making sure that that our

and making sure that that our compliances. Next,

the issue of legal and ethical consideration has been mentioned before

consideration has been mentioned before about intellectual properties must be

about intellectual properties must be safeguarded. Um, making sure that you

safeguarded. Um, making sure that you abide by all the regulatory requirements

abide by all the regulatory requirements set and making sure that you know you

set and making sure that you know you adhere to the contract that has been

adhere to the contract that has been agreed upon. But I would like to

agreed upon. But I would like to highlight here about the liability. No,

highlight here about the liability. No, when when you look at liability, if you

when when you look at liability, if you do your risk assessment, most likely it

do your risk assessment, most likely it will cover a lot of aspects to make sure

will cover a lot of aspects to make sure that in the future um is not going to

that in the future um is not going to fail on you and it's not going to fail

fail on you and it's not going to fail on the environment, it's not going to

on the environment, it's not going to fail on the society. So these liability

fail on the society. So these liability aspects becomes really an important

aspects becomes really an important necessity for you to consider when you

necessity for you to consider when you are dealing at generic works. Next

are dealing at generic works. Next the most of the time in the past we tend

the most of the time in the past we tend to very be you know we are more reactive

to very be you know we are more reactive rather than proactive right we were

rather than proactive right we were looking more of how to mitigate any

looking more of how to mitigate any losses it's it's more of solving end of

losses it's it's more of solving end of pipe problems

pipe problems um try to solve pollution problems by

um try to solve pollution problems by treating it but rather we tend to now

treating it but rather we tend to now look at life cycle overall how do we

look at life cycle overall how do we conserve the resources that becomes a

conserve the resources that becomes a priority being more proactive rather

priority being more proactive rather than defensive reactive then that's the

than defensive reactive then that's the attitude or the approach that all

attitude or the approach that all engineers should be moving um no rather

engineers should be moving um no rather than building sometimes you know we tend

than building sometimes you know we tend to actually create something we create

to actually create something we create consumption society but actually it is

consumption society but actually it is not conserving so what is conservation

not conserving so what is conservation becomes more important to us if we do

becomes more important to us if we do understand then we will make sure that

understand then we will make sure that our solution is not about generating a

our solution is not about generating a consumption society but als but in fact

consumption society but als but in fact it's more like making sure that we

it's more like making sure that we prevent disaster to the environment

prevent disaster to the environment prevent disaster to to all the resources

prevent disaster to to all the resources that are actually available for all of

that are actually available for all of us.

us. Having said all those, the relevant

Having said all those, the relevant engineering laws and regulation has got

engineering laws and regulation has got to be met and that has been mentioned

to be met and that has been mentioned earlier. But all these um laws has got

earlier. But all these um laws has got to be well understood. Um and especially

to be well understood. Um and especially so uh if you look at the environmental

so uh if you look at the environmental laws, you look about the health and

laws, you look about the health and safety laws, engineers have no other way

safety laws, engineers have no other way but have to abide by by all of them. So

but have to abide by by all of them. So in fact when you design accordingly and

in fact when you design accordingly and within what is required and supervise

within what is required and supervise accordingly you will ensure that your

accordingly you will ensure that your solution is going to be fulfilling the

solution is going to be fulfilling the requirements of the policy makers the as

requirements of the policy makers the as well as the community and making sure

well as the community and making sure the environment is safe and sustainable

the environment is safe and sustainable for the future generation. Next,

for the future generation. Next, uh these are amongst the things that

uh these are amongst the things that most engineers would have to dwell with.

most engineers would have to dwell with. Uh one good example is with the local

Uh one good example is with the local authorities whereby there are things

authorities whereby there are things like the control buildings uh making

like the control buildings uh making sure that the land use is being done

sure that the land use is being done properly. In fact, environmental

properly. In fact, environmental protection is being addressed and

protection is being addressed and similarly in infrastructure development

similarly in infrastructure development appropriate actions or risk management

appropriate actions or risk management has got to be done. So all these things

has got to be done. So all these things are rules and regulation that means as

are rules and regulation that means as engineers we must be fully aware about

engineers we must be fully aware about them and making sure that when we solve

them and making sure that when we solve problems as far as the legal

problems as far as the legal requirements are concerned being

requirements are concerned being professionals we have to abide by all

professionals we have to abide by all those. Next.

those. Next. So in conclusion one would say that it

So in conclusion one would say that it is important that in this sustainable

is important that in this sustainable in fact the world is moving towards this

in fact the world is moving towards this although some countries may actually uh

although some countries may actually uh keep back still are moving but it is

keep back still are moving but it is important that engineers uh if we are

important that engineers uh if we are really the problem solvers we have to

really the problem solvers we have to make sure that we solve problems but

make sure that we solve problems but making sure that the world is still

making sure that the world is still sustainable and that's why engineers and

sustainable and that's why engineers and the world becomes important. It's the

the world becomes important. It's the world that we we're living in. It's not

world that we we're living in. It's not the small environment, the small world

the small environment, the small world of our comfort areas. It's the whole

of our comfort areas. It's the whole world itself. It's a global challenge

world itself. It's a global challenge and we are contributing to part of it

and we are contributing to part of it really but making it ecoefficient

really but making it ecoefficient well manage resources and then making

well manage resources and then making sure that we are responsible steward as

sure that we are responsible steward as well as uh being professional as but but

well as uh being professional as but but not in fact all the while the stress has

not in fact all the while the stress has been technical brownness but we have to

been technical brownness but we have to actually bring about all these multi

actually bring about all these multi disciplinary aspects to be considered to

disciplinary aspects to be considered to make sure that our solutions are really

make sure that our solutions are really developing a sustainable world. With

developing a sustainable world. With that, thank you very much to all for

that, thank you very much to all for listening.

listening. >> Thank you so much, Promagat. We're going

>> Thank you so much, Promagat. We're going to go straight to the Q&A. The first

to go straight to the Q&A. The first question is, how can students start

question is, how can students start thinking about the impact of their work

thinking about the impact of their work on society?

on society? >> It is interesting. Um

>> It is interesting. Um if we get involved actually that means

if we get involved actually that means it is all about collaboration starting

it is all about collaboration starting with collaboration and how do we

with collaboration and how do we collaborate when we involve even at

collaborate when we involve even at society's level at the universities or

society's level at the universities or when we get involved uh in trying to

when we get involved uh in trying to let's say solve a project assignment

let's say solve a project assignment that is being given try to actually

that is being given try to actually include all those try to talk to as many

include all those try to talk to as many people as possible try to interact with

people as possible try to interact with as many people as possible. I think this

as many people as possible. I think this will be the starting point. Uh apart

will be the starting point. Uh apart from just your your own lecturers, there

from just your your own lecturers, there are others whom you can engage and by

are others whom you can engage and by doing so you are building up that

doing so you are building up that capacity to move along.

capacity to move along. >> All right. Why is it important for

>> All right. Why is it important for engineers to think beyond technical

engineers to think beyond technical solutions?

solutions? >> Right. Technical solutions uh may seems

>> Right. Technical solutions uh may seems the easiest way out, isn't it? Because

the easiest way out, isn't it? Because everybody knows all the fundamentals and

everybody knows all the fundamentals and you know how to design things but your

you know how to design things but your design you have to remember that someone

design you have to remember that someone is going to use them. Say for example if

is going to use them. Say for example if I give a case uh like in Africa at one

I give a case uh like in Africa at one time they were trying to solve the issue

time they were trying to solve the issue of how people not going to um for proper

of how people not going to um for proper sanitation

sanitation right so but then they found out I mean

right so but then they found out I mean they tried to do a lot of letterings but

they tried to do a lot of letterings but they found out that this particular

they found out that this particular community they are quite claustropic I

community they are quite claustropic I mean they don't like you know everything

mean they don't like you know everything to be enclosed

to be enclosed uh so Then because of that you start

uh so Then because of that you start thinking okay how do we solve the

thinking okay how do we solve the problem where people will actually use

problem where people will actually use the letter. So they came up with an idea

the letter. So they came up with an idea let's have a latrine that does not have

let's have a latrine that does not have any doors. So can imagine letter without

any doors. So can imagine letter without doors. Uh no one was going to use it in

doors. Uh no one was going to use it in blacia right but it is a spiraling one

blacia right but it is a spiraling one right you cannot see anyone inside but

right you cannot see anyone inside but there is no doors you can just go in and

there is no doors you can just go in and out but of course there are other

out but of course there are other problems associated with that but these

problems associated with that but these are amongst the things that if we do

are amongst the things that if we do consider we take into consideration the

consider we take into consideration the requirements then uh it will actually

requirements then uh it will actually helps in solving the real problem.

helps in solving the real problem. All right, next question. How do

All right, next question. How do engineers contribute to achieving the UN

engineers contribute to achieving the UN sustainable devel?

sustainable devel? >> Yeah, there are 17 uh UN sustainable

>> Yeah, there are 17 uh UN sustainable development goals. Now, uh are we going

development goals. Now, uh are we going to be able to solve all of them? But

to be able to solve all of them? But actually if we look at it uh

actually if we look at it uh [clears throat] all of them are actually

[clears throat] all of them are actually relevant. But what will be our focus?

relevant. But what will be our focus? Let's say if you're a civil engineers uh

Let's say if you're a civil engineers uh and looking into let's say uh clean

and looking into let's say uh clean water then probably that will be one of

water then probably that will be one of the goals that is going to help people

the goals that is going to help people when you come out with a technology or

when you come out with a technology or come up with a plan that is going to

come up with a plan that is going to make sure that public health is being

make sure that public health is being that public health in terms of safeguard

that public health in terms of safeguard is being done uh by by virtue that you

is being done uh by by virtue that you provide clean water. Now if you are

provide clean water. Now if you are let's say someone who actually produce

let's say someone who actually produce products then if you use the products

products then if you use the products that no these materials are sustainable

that no these materials are sustainable materials then you are also contributing

materials then you are also contributing towards the sustainable development

towards the sustainable development goals. So the the SG could be divided

goals. So the the SG could be divided into looking at what will the people

into looking at what will the people benefit from your work or looking at how

benefit from your work or looking at how can the nation progress and be uh

can the nation progress and be uh prospering as the nation progresses or

prospering as the nation progresses or you could actually look at from the

you could actually look at from the point of view of the environment. uh how

point of view of the environment. uh how is it going to have a sustainable

is it going to have a sustainable environment that is not going to be

environment that is not going to be heavily polluted and not usable in the

heavily polluted and not usable in the future or you could see on aspects of

future or you could see on aspects of collaboration and partnership. So all

collaboration and partnership. So all those aspects are what we are supposed

those aspects are what we are supposed to be doing but it may be some a major

to be doing but it may be some a major part some could be as part and parcel of

part some could be as part and parcel of the everyday interaction that we have

the everyday interaction that we have and we build upon it. It becomes what

and we build upon it. It becomes what some people say more like a soft skills

some people say more like a soft skills especially when you need to talk to the

especially when you need to talk to the communities you need to interact with

communities you need to interact with them to understand what are their

them to understand what are their problems before we can really identify

problems before we can really identify their needs and to solve the problem

their needs and to solve the problem >> right why is multi-disiplinary knowledge

>> right why is multi-disiplinary knowledge important for engineers today

important for engineers today >> again I

>> again I when we look at this um

when we look at this um multid-disiplinary

multid-disiplinary again in the past we tend to be very

again in the past we tend to be very much not a prop based curriculum in

much not a prop based curriculum in engineering. Um and

engineering. Um and some people I mean I remember when my my

some people I mean I remember when my my undergraduate days they were questioning

undergraduate days they were questioning like why are we learning about

like why are we learning about communication right in civil engineering

communication right in civil engineering my background is in civil engineering

my background is in civil engineering and and many others right um that we

and and many others right um that we probably do not see the importance there

probably do not see the importance there but if you look at multi-isipline for

but if you look at multi-isipline for example just like social science right

example just like social science right understanding people is important even

understanding people is important even as an academic staff teaching

as an academic staff teaching understanding the students is important

understanding the students is important to see whether they really understand uh

to see whether they really understand uh how do they actually learn. So there are

how do they actually learn. So there are quite a lot of things that we need to

quite a lot of things that we need to actually uh include in what we are

actually uh include in what we are trying to do right for example uh the

trying to do right for example uh the social aspects that we talked about just

social aspects that we talked about just now um you know sometimes uh we do

now um you know sometimes uh we do surveys but we don't understand what are

surveys but we don't understand what are the basic requirements of these surveys

the basic requirements of these surveys uh when it comes to dealing with the

uh when it comes to dealing with the social surveys. uh at the same time for

social surveys. uh at the same time for example if we don't understand about the

example if we don't understand about the natural sciences so we may not be

natural sciences so we may not be actually addressing some of the

actually addressing some of the important requirements for example

important requirements for example mentioning just now about the geological

mentioning just now about the geological requirements to be considered when it

requirements to be considered when it comes to sesmic design. So natural

comes to sesmic design. So natural sciences

sciences um things like social sciences and many

um things like social sciences and many other uh discipline knowledge may may be

other uh discipline knowledge may may be very useful and sometimes these are

very useful and sometimes these are non-engineering right and you can adopt

non-engineering right and you can adopt them or adapt them within uh solving the

them or adapt them within uh solving the engineering problem and that's why

engineering problem and that's why multiddisiplinary or even

multiddisiplinary or even interdisciplinary uh is becoming more

interdisciplinary uh is becoming more and more important in fact engineering

and more important in fact engineering uh has to include all those otherwise

uh has to include all those otherwise we'll be left out.

we'll be left out. >> All right, last question Prof. uh what

>> All right, last question Prof. uh what difficulties arise when balancing

difficulties arise when balancing economic and sessimility factors in

economic and sessimility factors in engineering decisions?

engineering decisions? No, it's like a similar question that we

No, it's like a similar question that we had just now, right? Balancing, I mean

had just now, right? Balancing, I mean balancing is never easy and balancing

balancing is never easy and balancing doesn't mean that is equal as well. You

doesn't mean that is equal as well. You know some people say you know to uh

know some people say you know to uh justice is all being equal but equal

justice is all being equal but equal doesn't mean having uh you know the same

doesn't mean having uh you know the same proportion.

proportion. So we know that they are constraints

So we know that they are constraints cost constraints right. Um so that's why

cost constraints right. Um so that's why one of the things that engineers have to

one of the things that engineers have to do is to make sure that we understand

do is to make sure that we understand the limitation

the limitation but not to an extent that we are going

but not to an extent that we are going to compromise on safety right and we

to compromise on safety right and we shouldn't be compromising on something

shouldn't be compromising on something that is going to harm the environment

that is going to harm the environment which is going to harm everybody at the

which is going to harm everybody at the end of the day. So that balancing act

end of the day. So that balancing act has got to be done. So there are a

has got to be done. So there are a number of options that one has to

number of options that one has to consider right that's why we you know in

consider right that's why we you know in engineering you're being trained uh to

engineering you're being trained uh to come up with several options and to see

come up with several options and to see what are the options uh that would

what are the options uh that would actually at the end be a balanced

actually at the end be a balanced solution but of course uh there is no

solution but of course uh there is no end to trying to improve it. uh that's

end to trying to improve it. uh that's why things like value engineering

why things like value engineering sometime is being added to make sure

sometime is being added to make sure that you can optimize and save cost but

that you can optimize and save cost but not to compromise on safety. So that

not to compromise on safety. So that balancing act becomes important even uh

balancing act becomes important even uh if you think about environment. Uh I'm

if you think about environment. Uh I'm sure you're going to actually spend some

sure you're going to actually spend some money on something that is going to

money on something that is going to preserve the environment. Uh because at

preserve the environment. Uh because at the end you do not want a treatment

the end you do not want a treatment plant that is going to produce let's say

plant that is going to produce let's say odorous

odorous um area that no one would want to pass

um area that no one would want to pass by those areas. Right? So again you see

by those areas. Right? So again you see you may save a lot from the cost but the

you may save a lot from the cost but the environment is going to very be very

environment is going to very be very much affected at the end of the day.

much affected at the end of the day. Thank you.

Thank you. >> Thank you very much Promagat for the

>> Thank you very much Promagat for the very engaging session. Uh we have a few

very engaging session. Uh we have a few more question. This is a general

more question. This is a general question to any of the speakers to

question to any of the speakers to either Dr. Rahim Dr. Rafi or Dr. Shikama

either Dr. Rahim Dr. Rafi or Dr. Shikama got to to answer the first question is

got to to answer the first question is would you say engineers in Malaysia are

would you say engineers in Malaysia are becoming saturated or are they still

becoming saturated or are they still opportunities for the youth to penetrate

opportunities for the youth to penetrate the market?

>> Yeah. >> Anyone like to answer that?

>> Anyone like to answer that? >> Probably I might want to answer that.

>> Probably I might want to answer that. >> Okay, sure. Um yeah if you look at the

>> Okay, sure. Um yeah if you look at the number of graduates coming in uh we are

number of graduates coming in uh we are producing over 20,000 roughly uh whether

producing over 20,000 roughly uh whether they are engineers or engine

they are engineers or engine technologist let alone the engine

technologist let alone the engine technicians right um but if all of us

technicians right um but if all of us actually come out and expect that we are

actually come out and expect that we are going to work for somebody for a company

going to work for somebody for a company right then it is limited but if you

right then it is limited but if you think about you are going to create

think about you are going to create jobs, right? Then that's a different

jobs, right? Then that's a different thing altogether. And this is something

thing altogether. And this is something that uh the policy makers will have to

that uh the policy makers will have to look at it seriously as well as to

look at it seriously as well as to provide the necessary environment uh for

provide the necessary environment uh for the growth. Uh because if you look at

the growth. Uh because if you look at our engineering uh let's say landscape

our engineering uh let's say landscape uh we may have over 6,000 engineering

uh we may have over 6,000 engineering companies or even more uh in some cases.

companies or even more uh in some cases. uh but if you think seriously about that

uh but if you think seriously about that most of them there are not that many

most of them there are not that many major ones and they cannot really absorb

major ones and they cannot really absorb all of us who actually graduate from the

all of us who actually graduate from the universities. So that creation of uh new

universities. So that creation of uh new areas uh being entrepreneurs

areas uh being entrepreneurs uh that means providing uh avenues to

uh that means providing uh avenues to actually expand. So it becomes the

actually expand. So it becomes the responsibility of the government, the

responsibility of the government, the universities to look at it seriously in

universities to look at it seriously in providing the the right courses or

providing the the right courses or programs and then uh of course uh the

programs and then uh of course uh the private sector has to play a role in

private sector has to play a role in terms of uh financing the these. So it

terms of uh financing the these. So it it is not a simple solution one would

it is not a simple solution one would say but for a country to progress you

say but for a country to progress you need engineers and the greater the

need engineers and the greater the number of engineers the better it is as

number of engineers the better it is as what we have seen for example in Germany

what we have seen for example in Germany you're talking about a ratio of one is

you're talking about a ratio of one is to 80 or for that means to say for 80

to 80 or for that means to say for 80 person in the country you have one

person in the country you have one engineers doesn't mean that they are

engineers doesn't mean that they are going to work uh directly in the engine

going to work uh directly in the engine sectors but they will contribute towards

sectors but they will contribute towards the uh progression of the country in

the uh progression of the country in other avenues as well. We know a lot

other avenues as well. We know a lot that engineers are also working in the

that engineers are also working in the banking sectors uh in auditing sectors

banking sectors uh in auditing sectors and many others right by virtue of their

and many others right by virtue of their ability to uh analyze things much better

ability to uh analyze things much better in the sense maybe others can contribute

in the sense maybe others can contribute >> and anyone else like to contribute for

>> and anyone else like to contribute for this uh question

>> um that engineer zer >> yes

>> yes >> oh just just very briefly I think

>> oh just just very briefly I think continuing from what um um mentioned by

continuing from what um um mentioned by prof

prof I think we look at statistic we are

I think we look at statistic we are still far away from

still far away from advanced countries in terms of um ratio

advanced countries in terms of um ratio of engineers to population I can't

of engineers to population I can't recall exactly the the the figure that

recall exactly the the the figure that we are now but I think we are behind

we are now but I think we are behind German France and even Singapore I think

German France and even Singapore I think so we need a lot more engineers

so we need a lot more engineers um I was mentioning earlier on in my

um I was mentioning earlier on in my sharing session um We engineers, we

sharing session um We engineers, we [clears throat] shape the world, we

[clears throat] shape the world, we shape certainly we shape the nation. So

shape certainly we shape the nation. So uh as we move forward to become uh you

uh as we move forward to become uh you know industrialized country and and

know industrialized country and and advanced country with a lot more

advanced country with a lot more engineers and [clears throat] so I I I

engineers and [clears throat] so I I I truly hope that um more students will

truly hope that um more students will come forward. um we see a decline in in

come forward. um we see a decline in in overall uh students taking engineering

overall uh students taking engineering whether in public universities or

whether in public universities or private universities. This is a cause

private universities. This is a cause for concern to all of us. Uh I think um

for concern to all of us. Uh I think um uh we uh we have a lot of work to do uh

uh we uh we have a lot of work to do uh to get more students to take up

to get more students to take up engineering and contribute to

engineering and contribute to advancements of the country and this is

advancements of the country and this is uh our collective effort. Engineering is

uh our collective effort. Engineering is is challenging but it's is very um

is challenging but it's is very um um meaningful

um meaningful uh uh profession. Uh you enjoy certainly

uh uh profession. Uh you enjoy certainly you will enjoy it is never down uh uh

you will enjoy it is never down uh uh you can feel the satisfaction if you

you can feel the satisfaction if you build the facilities for the people for

build the facilities for the people for the society at large. So um please uh

the society at large. So um please uh share the information. Please encourage

share the information. Please encourage more students to take up engineering uh

more students to take up engineering uh and and we become uh you know very

and and we become uh you know very important engineering fraternity for the

important engineering fraternity for the country inshallah. Thank you.

country inshallah. Thank you. >> Uh thank you Dr. one question uh from

>> Uh thank you Dr. one question uh from one of the participant how much salary

one of the participant how much salary for fresh graduate will consider as a

for fresh graduate will consider as a success maybe to Dr. Rahim. Um I think

success maybe to Dr. Rahim. Um I think in terms of salary is that the question

in terms of salary is that the question is about salary.

is about salary. >> Yeah. How much salary for fresh graduate

>> Yeah. How much salary for fresh graduate success?

success? >> The issue is that there's a study was

>> The issue is that there's a study was done by BM about um I guess two years

done by BM about um I guess two years ago um has gone to um the cabinet about

ago um has gone to um the cabinet about miskin. So I guess the the the the point

miskin. So I guess the the the the point I'm going to make is that depends on

I'm going to make is that depends on where you are actually applying where

where you are actually applying where you intend to work. Yeah. I think this

you intend to work. Yeah. I think this is again if you are working in the um

is again if you are working in the um corporate sector and GLC's um uh the

corporate sector and GLC's um uh the likes of Petronas perhaps they pay quite

likes of Petronas perhaps they pay quite well it's about I think now it's about

well it's about I think now it's about 4k a month but if you go into the

4k a month but if you go into the private sector which is very more

private sector which is very more specialized which is the service

specialized which is the service providers the likes of international

providers the likes of international service providers like shambraes and so

service providers like shambraes and so forth they pay much higher than that.

forth they pay much higher than that. Yeah, but of course the issue is that

Yeah, but of course the issue is that the majority will get into the so-calmes

the majority will get into the so-calmes these small medium uh industries and so

these small medium uh industries and so forth and that's that's where the the

forth and that's that's where the the issue becomes. Yeah. The issue becomes

issue becomes. Yeah. The issue becomes that uh you are competing then with

that uh you are competing then with other more experienced technologists.

other more experienced technologists. Yeah. More experienced perhaps not as

Yeah. More experienced perhaps not as qualified as you but uh they they have

qualified as you but uh they they have more experiences. So you're competing in

more experiences. So you're competing in that arena. Uh and that can range

that arena. Uh and that can range between even 25 to even 35 per month.

between even 25 to even 35 per month. Yeah. As far as pay is concerned. So my

Yeah. As far as pay is concerned. So my my take on this is that uh you you get

my take on this is that uh you you get whatever you can get the best out of it.

whatever you can get the best out of it. get into that work particularly and be

get into that work particularly and be able somehow rather to contribute and

able somehow rather to contribute and add value because if you add value then

add value because if you add value then subsequently the your your employer will

subsequently the your your employer will somehow see that and and you can

somehow see that and and you can actually I guess not demand but perhaps

actually I guess not demand but perhaps request for a review of the pay maybe 6

request for a review of the pay maybe 6 months a year after that. Yeah, I've got

months a year after that. Yeah, I've got some people who has got their experience

some people who has got their experience before and uh they see the value, they

before and uh they see the value, they up it up because you are contributing to

up it up because you are contributing to the uh to the to the company that you're

the uh to the to the company that you're working for. So my take on this is that

working for. So my take on this is that get whatever you can get. Yeah. the best

get whatever you can get. Yeah. the best at that at that point in time and then

at that at that point in time and then make sure that you contribute and add

make sure that you contribute and add value to the company because the the

value to the company because the the company will see that and hopefully they

company will see that and hopefully they will actually start to move uh your your

will actually start to move uh your your your pay uh further up and and as as I

your pay uh further up and and as as I said again make sure that you

said again make sure that you consolidate uh your your skills your

consolidate uh your your skills your fundamentals must be must be very strong

fundamentals must be must be very strong and uh do other things which perhaps uh

and uh do other things which perhaps uh I I mentioned about AI. Yeah. U maybe

I I mentioned about AI. Yeah. U maybe automation, digitalization. So because

automation, digitalization. So because these are the companies that maybe do

these are the companies that maybe do not have that capability to to go to the

not have that capability to to go to the next level and this is where engineers

next level and this is where engineers plays a very very important part. Yeah.

plays a very very important part. Yeah. Thank you so much Rahim. So this is the

Thank you so much Rahim. So this is the last question for each of the panel. uh

last question for each of the panel. uh if you can share what are some of the

if you can share what are some of the best resources or event that you gone

best resources or event that you gone through that help you progress in your

through that help you progress in your career and your last word to the to the

career and your last word to the to the student uh for the engineering students

student uh for the engineering students so I start with Dr. Rahim first

so I start with Dr. Rahim first >> the question is the first one what's

>> the question is the first one what's >> what is the best resources or events or

>> what is the best resources or events or any program that you uh you gone through

any program that you uh you gone through previously to help your progressing your

previously to help your progressing your career and your last word to the student

career and your last word to the student >> I guess the the events is that um in

>> I guess the the events is that um in terms of career progression you don't

terms of career progression you don't stay in one particular role for too long

stay in one particular role for too long maybe three years in one role not not

maybe three years in one role not not companies in role maybe you become a a

companies in role maybe you become a a graduate engineer subsequently you

graduate engineer subsequently you become a project engineer subsequently

become a project engineer subsequently you become a senior project. So you move

you become a senior project. So you move from role to role and then if you're an

from role to role and then if you're an engineering you may want to actually go

engineering you may want to actually go into operations to broaden you up so

into operations to broaden you up so that your fundamental is strong but you

that your fundamental is strong but you broaden your team. Yeah. So that you are

broaden your team. Yeah. So that you are you can contribute to the to the company

you can contribute to the to the company in other areas as well because the the

in other areas as well because the the experience you have is very very uh

experience you have is very very uh beneficial to the company that you work.

beneficial to the company that you work. So you you move on and you take on role

So you you move on and you take on role which is uncomfortable to you at first

which is uncomfortable to you at first is uncomfortable but as you gain uh

is uncomfortable but as you gain uh traction you become much more I guess

traction you become much more I guess competent in in those particular areas

competent in in those particular areas and and you take on more responsibility

and and you take on more responsibility in that sense. Yeah. But I said make

in that sense. Yeah. But I said make sure your fundamentals are strong. Make

sure your fundamentals are strong. Make sure your lifelong learning is always

sure your lifelong learning is always there and make sure you have impact in

there and make sure you have impact in terms of what you do. That's my take.

terms of what you do. That's my take. Thank you. Thank you so much Dr. Rahim

Thank you. Thank you so much Dr. Rahim Dr. traffic.

>> Um, sorry, what was the >> what's the best resources or event on

>> what's the best resources or event on the programs that you want you gone

the programs that you want you gone through previously that help you

through previously that help you progressing your career and your last

progressing your career and your last word uh to the participants?

word uh to the participants? >> Um, right. Uh, last word uh to the

>> Um, right. Uh, last word uh to the participant. Uh, I I um I believe that

participant. Uh, I I um I believe that all of you are uh engineering students.

all of you are uh engineering students. Uh so um I would say that uh

Uh so um I would say that uh congratulations to all of you for

congratulations to all of you for choosing engineering as your uh degree

choosing engineering as your uh degree of choice uh because uh as I mentioned

of choice uh because uh as I mentioned in my presentation uh Malaysia needs uh

in my presentation uh Malaysia needs uh a lot of engineers. Engineers are the

a lot of engineers. Engineers are the one who develop uh any countries. If you

one who develop uh any countries. If you look around the world um if you see any

look around the world um if you see any de u countries that are underdeveloped

de u countries that are underdeveloped they need engineers. They need engineers

they need engineers. They need engineers uh and uh to to go for developing

uh and uh to to go for developing countries and developing countries need

countries and developing countries need engineers to become a developed

engineers to become a developed countries and if we are already a

countries and if we are already a developed countries we need engineers to

developed countries we need engineers to go beyond to go far and beyond. Uh so we

go beyond to go far and beyond. Uh so we need all of you. Uh so I would say

need all of you. Uh so I would say congratulations to all of you for um for

congratulations to all of you for um for choosing engineering uh as your degree

choosing engineering uh as your degree of choice and uh um uh I hope to see all

of choice and uh um uh I hope to see all of you once you graduate uh and can have

of you once you graduate uh and can have a further discussion uh on where we can

a further discussion uh on where we can uh we can uh join together and bring our

uh we can uh join together and bring our nation forward. Thank you.

nation forward. Thank you. >> Thank you Dr. Rafi Dr.

>> Thank you Dr. Rafi Dr. Thank you um for for the chance uh given

Thank you um for for the chance uh given to to speak this this morning. Uh I had

to to speak this this morning. Uh I had the opportunity to work in various um

the opportunity to work in various um sectors or platforms. I was in uh

sectors or platforms. I was in uh working as a lecturer and eventually a

working as a lecturer and eventually a professor in civil engineering and I was

professor in civil engineering and I was I had the opportunity to work in as um

I had the opportunity to work in as um consulting

consulting um engineer. Uh so those actually com

um engineer. Uh so those actually com the combined experience over the last uh

the combined experience over the last uh almost 40 years um um know was very

almost 40 years um um know was very important to me. Um I started as a

important to me. Um I started as a lecturer then I went I left university

lecturer then I went I left university and worked in consulting firm and went

and worked in consulting firm and went back to lecturing. So those experience

back to lecturing. So those experience you know helped me to help to guide

you know helped me to help to guide students um at university. So um to me

students um at university. So um to me um I I I I agree with what has been said

um I I I I agree with what has been said by Dr. R in in whatever we do you have

by Dr. R in in whatever we do you have to be passionate about it you know you

to be passionate about it you know you have to um give the best and and try to

have to um give the best and and try to contribute as much as possible. uh I

contribute as much as possible. uh I would always say to sometime you know

would always say to sometime you know you people is is is uh oh god it's

you people is is is uh oh god it's Monday because weekends you have to you

Monday because weekends you have to you know start working so oh god it's it's

know start working so oh god it's it's is Monday I think we as engineers will

is Monday I think we as engineers will say yeah it's now it's Monday for me to

say yeah it's now it's Monday for me to go back to work and to contribute you

go back to work and to contribute you know to to our company to our society

know to to our company to our society and so on in anything that we do we have

and so on in anything that we do we have to do with you know with patient uh we

to do with you know with patient uh we have to be committed uh we have to try

have to be committed uh we have to try our best is always uh never stop

our best is always uh never stop learning. So be um you have to have the

learning. So be um you have to have the appetite to learn uh know throughout

appetite to learn uh know throughout your career uh and you'll improve

your career uh and you'll improve yourself. Uh I was given the task to

yourself. Uh I was given the task to speak about ethics and professionalism.

speak about ethics and professionalism. I think in anything that we do that

I think in anything that we do that should underpin uh you know our career

should underpin uh you know our career uh advancement uh ethics and

uh advancement uh ethics and professionalism should be the underpin

professionalism should be the underpin uh uh engineering profession. So if

uh uh engineering profession. So if that's that's the way that I think for

that's that's the way that I think for us to to move forward uh to ensure the

us to to move forward uh to ensure the integrity and the sustainability of our

integrity and the sustainability of our profession. A lot of people say you know

profession. A lot of people say you know you you tend to you we will be will be

you you tend to you we will be will be exposed to uh um a lot of things as we

exposed to uh um a lot of things as we work but if you hold on truly to our

work but if you hold on truly to our principle hold on to ethics and

principle hold on to ethics and professionalism it will we will not go

professionalism it will we will not go wrong inshallah. So thank you uh for the

wrong inshallah. So thank you uh for the opportunity given and and hope all the

opportunity given and and hope all the best to students. Uh I trust you'll do

best to students. Uh I trust you'll do well in your studies and become graduate

well in your studies and become graduate engineers then eventually u become

engineers then eventually u become engineering technicians or engineering

engineering technicians or engineering technologist or professional engineers

technologist or professional engineers and contribute well to our beloved

and contribute well to our beloved Malaysia.

>> Thank you so much Dr. And last but not least, promag.

least, promag. >> Yeah, I would say university experience

>> Yeah, I would say university experience should not be left out. It's very

should not be left out. It's very important. Get involved yourself at the

important. Get involved yourself at the university level whether at the

university level whether at the departmental or at the university at

departmental or at the university at large. Uh be involved uh and take all

large. Uh be involved uh and take all those uh possible opportunities for you

those uh possible opportunities for you to get involved. Take it. Uh but at the

to get involved. Take it. Uh but at the same time um you cannot avoid uh

same time um you cannot avoid uh you know sometimes an opportunity knocks

you know sometimes an opportunity knocks right you if you think that uh you may

right you if you think that uh you may not be suitable because you are not

not be suitable because you are not ready you have to somehow change that

ready you have to somehow change that attitude right you should take up the

attitude right you should take up the challenge so apart from getting that

challenge so apart from getting that experience at university take up

experience at university take up challenges but of Of course, you don't

challenges but of Of course, you don't over promise things, right? You have to

over promise things, right? You have to work hard, but of course, work smart and

work hard, but of course, work smart and be around with mentors who may be able

be around with mentors who may be able to help you with all the wisdom. Uh so

to help you with all the wisdom. Uh so don't work in silos. You have to have a

don't work in silos. You have to have a teamwork. Um because you know that

teamwork. Um because you know that teamwork will progress further and

teamwork will progress further and success will definitely be at the end of

success will definitely be at the end of it. You cannot just work alone. So it is

it. You cannot just work alone. So it is important that u uh you at the end of

important that u uh you at the end of the day take charge of whatever is being

the day take charge of whatever is being given to you but be humble and work your

given to you but be humble and work your way through and opportunities will open

way through and opportunities will open up as we go along. So with that thank

up as we go along. So with that thank you very much for giving me the

you very much for giving me the opportunity to talk to all of you.

opportunity to talk to all of you. >> Thank you so much uh Praaga. Ladies and

>> Thank you so much uh Praaga. Ladies and gentlemen, across the four modules, you

gentlemen, across the four modules, you are introduced to holistic view of the

are introduced to holistic view of the engineering engine technologies

engineering engine technologies profession. Module one highlights the

profession. Module one highlights the diversity of engineering areas and the

diversity of engineering areas and the importance of continuous learning.

importance of continuous learning. Module two explain how engineering

Module two explain how engineering practices govern in Malaysia and why

practices govern in Malaysia and why professional recognition matters and

professional recognition matters and module two module three enforces the

module two module three enforces the role of ethics, integrity and

role of ethics, integrity and responsibility in every engineering

responsibility in every engineering decision. and module 4 broadens

decision. and module 4 broadens perspective by showing how engineering

perspective by showing how engineering solution influence society, the

solution influence society, the environment and the world at large.

environment and the world at large. Together, these four modules offer

Together, these four modules offer complete understanding on what it means

complete understanding on what it means to be an engineer, balancing technical

to be an engineer, balancing technical skill with professional responsibility,

skill with professional responsibility, ethical conduct and global awareness. We

ethical conduct and global awareness. We hope this helps you appreciate the

hope this helps you appreciate the purpose of each module and get maximum

purpose of each module and get maximum benefit from the ERS lecture series.

benefit from the ERS lecture series. Thank you once again to all the speakers

Thank you once again to all the speakers that Rahim, Dr. Rafi, Dr. Shikama and

that Rahim, Dr. Rafi, Dr. Shikama and also Brahma and thanks again to all

also Brahma and thanks again to all participant for attending this webinar.

participant for attending this webinar. Please scan the QR code showing on the

Please scan the QR code showing on the screen now to download your e

screen now to download your e certificate. On behalf of the board of

certificate. On behalf of the board of just Malaysia would like to wish all of

just Malaysia would like to wish all of you the very best in your studies and

you the very best in your studies and once you have completed your program.

once you have completed your program. Please do not forget to register with

Please do not forget to register with BM. We also wish you the very best in

BM. We also wish you the very best in contributing to the engineering

contributing to the engineering profession and to the to the development

profession and to the to the development of our country. Thanks once again.

of our country. Thanks once again. Thank you. Thank you.

Thank you. Thank you. Salam.

>> Oh, thank you. >> Thank you. Okay.

>> Thank you. Okay. >> Well spoken.

>> Well spoken. >> Oh, next week. Yeah. One more session.

>> Oh, next week. Yeah. One more session. Don't.

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YouTube Transcript:WEBINAR “ENGINEERS IN SOCIETY (EIS) LECTURE SERIES"