Systems administration is a crucial IT role focused on ensuring computing systems operate smoothly, efficiently, and securely, requiring a blend of technical skills, problem-solving abilities, and strong ethical conduct.
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hi hello there welcome to introduction
what is a systems administration
when you say systems administration
there should be a systems administrator
aka sa for short
someone who takes good care of the
systems others are using
the professional responsible for making
computing systems work effectively
effectively
so one can be an essay at home
or at work
they are responsible
for balancing systems running smoothly
and efficiently with the users able to
work in an easy and efficient manner
if you own and maintain a computer
then you are a systems administrator for
what are the system administration tasks
first would be user management
add and remove users from the systems
hardware management
add and remove hardware and software
configure and maintain hardware and software
software
maintain resources like disks
memory and cpu and
and
software management
install software
security management meaning the sa have
system monitoring and troubleshooting
perform backup and restore operations
monitor system usage and performance
detect and correct problems
and optimize system performance
next would be documentation and help desk
desk
so general user support is answering
users questions
and maintain documentation and licenses
sa should be able to perform backup also
next would be automation
planning policies and auditing
this includes system planning
scaling the system
assessing new technologies
anticipate and avoid problems
also under automation and planning
the sa write programs to automate as
many tasks as possible
determine and enforce usage policy
educate users
role model a liarson between user needs
and the budgetary
resource and technology limitations and
and
sa should negotiate with vendors
systems administration requirement
the first one would be patience
the first person that you need to have
patients with when you are administering
a system is yourself
systems administration is hard and sometimes
sometimes
you will have bugs or difficult problems
to overcome
if it's always easy
then you aren't challenging yourself
and you aren't growing as a system administrator
next would be tenacity
most people will tell you that tenacity
is a great quality to have
especially if you're trying something challenging
challenging
next would be
strong organizational skills
organizational skills are the abilities
that let you stay focused on different tasks
tasks and
and
use your time energy strength
strength
mental capacity
physical space and others
to effectively and efficiently in order
to achieve the desired outcome
next would be well-developed logic reasoning
reasoning
and critical thinking skills
so try to anticipate the outcome for
your decisions
the ability to read and comprehend
technical information
also ethical behavior
ethical behavior is characterized by honesty
honesty fairness
fairness
and equity in interpersonal
professional and academic relationships
and in research and scholarly activities also
also
so ethical behavior respects the dignity
diversity and rights of individuals and
okay
so what are the good about
being a systems administrator
so good ideas for systems that means
lots of variety
okay challenging fulfilling
fulfilling
and face well also
also
it's very employable
so learn
to learn independently
okay develop systematic and organized
work habits
find balance between reality problems
next would be the bad
okay bad ideas for systems admin
annoying at times
to the users management
management
vendor tech support
expect a single right answer to every problem
problem okay
okay so
so
get stuck due to frustration
okay so long hours of work
work
and this may not be your only job
so expect the manual internet co-worker
to be able to accurately and completely
answer every question
okay so these are the bad ideas for the
systems admin
now let's take a look at the ugly side
most people don't understand the job
okay so understand that you're not alone
when things go well
go unnoticed okay
okay
they don't do anything be like a game
it's important to document everything okay
okay
so don't panic
see the problem as a challenge
not a deal breaker
okay so fake it till you make it if you
have encounter problem
then admit it if you don't know
you can also find an ally
ask specific questions
and then check in with others
okay so these are just some of the strategies
strategies
for what you can do
next
when there is a problem well
everyone is looking for you
okay that's highly stressful
some blame you
you
for that problem
and may graduate to miracle worker
status once problem is fixed okay
okay
now for the documentation
documentation help ensure
consent and expectations
okay so it enables you to recreate system
system
it helps to tell the narrative for
decisions made
and how yourself or the client responded
to different situations
in the same manner
it is important to record information
that can help support the proper
treatment plan and the reasoning for
such services
now the contents include
configuration information
policies and procedures
useful commands and resources
daily lag of modifications
okay you could also have wikis
systems admin guild or the search
okay so this is the systems
administrators guild
it was established in 1992 out of usenix
license conferences
large installation
systems administrators
so for almost a decade
such has served the needs of systems
administrators around the world
so this is a professional body for
practicing systems administration
so one of the such main goals is the
increase of visibility and recognition
of systems administration
as a profession
so such is made up of sa organizations
from all over the world
okay so if you want to know more about
this sags
you could go ahead and check them online
so to this end
such has published a series of short
topics handbooks all of them are excellent
excellent
so a good one to start with is a job
descriptions for systems administrators
so this work provides detailed job descriptions
descriptions
for systems administration's position
in various levels so as such
it is very useful for evaluating both
your skills
and your present position in light of
let's talk about the such guidelines
so they have creed
god of essex
and mantra
let's go to it
let's start with such grid
okay so the sunscreen states that we
as professional systems administrators
do hereby commit ourselves to the
highest standards of ethical and
professional contact and
agree to be guided by this code of
ethics and encourage every system
administrator to do the same
code of ethics
first would be professionalism
must display professionalism in the
performance of duties at all times
contact with clients and colleagues must
be kept to the highest standards of
professional behavior
next would be personal integrity
integrity must be beyond reproach
privacy do not unnecessarily infringe
on the rights of others
maintain an exemplary work ethic
laws and policies would be next
you also have communication
system integrity education
education
responsibility to computing community
social responsibility and
and
so according to edmund burke the greater
the power
the more dangerous the abuse
okay so from the spider-man you still
remember that with great power comes
how about the mantra mantra of a systems administrator
administrator
the computer environment does not exist
solely for the amusement of the systems administrator
administrator
okay so mantra is a mystical words of
our sounds used to facilitate
next
what are new
to systems administrators training okay
okay
so new hires are expected to be
operating at systems administrators
guild level one
okay so that is level one is novice
junior level two
level three is intermediate
and then level four is senior so higher
such levels have more experience more education
education
more responsibilities and then maybe
so for the systems administrator levels
okay so you will each be responsible for
running one of the following small or
complex sites
so when you say small small uniform site
less than 50 computers
all running the same operating system
and 20 or
fewer users
that is small
now for complex site that would be up to
100 systems
running more than two different
operating systems and up to 100 users
you even have the large complex site so
that is greater than 100 computers
potentially running more than one
operating system and
now what are the certifications
available and trainings available for
systems admin
so certifications are not required for
your current position but may be helpful
especially the first two okay
okay
so microsoft so i know a specific approach
approach
to systems administration
and then you also have red hat having
the same thing
next would be novell
novell okay
okay
so linux professional institute or the lpi
lpi comptia
comptia
o'reilly school of technology
principles of systems administration
so our organization strongly believes in
the value of the following principles first
first
policy is the foundation
policy is a law regulation
regulation procedure
procedure administrative
administrative action
action incentive
incentive
or voluntary
practice of governments and other institutions
institutions
so policy decisions are frequently
reflected in resource allocations
okay health can be influenced by
policies in many different sectors
all right
next would be predictability this is the goal
goal
predictability is the degree to which a
correct prediction or forecast of system state
state
can be made either qualitatively or quantitatively
quantitatively
next would be scalability
this is often important
so scalability is the measure of systems
ability to increase or decrease in performance
performance
and cost in response to changes in
application and systems
processing demands
enterprises that are growing rapidly
should pay special attention to scalability
scalability
when evaluating hardware and software next
next
minimum privilege restriction of
unnecessary privilege protects a system
from accidental and malicious damage
okay so that comes with the corollary
don't work
as administrator root
root
okay so something like 95 percent of all
businesses today okay
okay
uses their computers
running as administrator root on their
computer at all time
i upload the businesses
who have successfully removed elevated
privileges from non-admin employees
although it isn't easy to do
making this one security change can
significantly reduce the risk of
malicious exploit
okay so the most common issue is that
end users want to install and remove
their own software and configure their
own settings
so developers often need to debug
programs and load and unload device drivers
drivers right
right
next would be
communities so each member needs to consider
consider
sixth would be uniformity so increases predictability
predictability
it may decrease costs variety
variety
so used as needed for risk management
and flexibility
it may increase costs
delegation aka specialization so develop experts
experts
who can do tasks more efficiently
and more costly effective and
and
resource map
so mapping our hardware and software
resources increases the predictability
and removes ambiguity of the complete system
system
okay it displays parts of the system
and their inter relationships so
contingencies can be made
some crude
model what is a sample model so the
basic components of our organization
and the system administrators
responsibilities can be summarized as
some good okay
okay first
first
software users machines
machines
that's for some create
create read
read update
update
delete that's for root
so when you say systems admin
average pipe state of machine so being
assistance admin
you should know
this five state submachine
okay so the first one would be new
new
when you say new it's a new machine okay
okay
so build
this is moving between states okay so
when say build
that is during the build process the
operating system is installed on the machine
machine okay
okay
next would be clean
what is clean a computer with the os
installed but not configured
to work in the environment
you also have configured
configured a computer that is configured
correctly according to the requirements
of the computing environment
next state is
unknown a computer that has been
misconfigured or
gotten out of the or perhaps been
borrowed by an intern and returned with
stains on it okay so that's unknown
and then off is or surplus
surplus
okay now let's go over moving between
states we are done already with build okay
okay
let's go to initialize what is
initialize this is the state
or the movement from clean to configured
when you say initialize
often directly after or part off
build the process
this will typically include things like
network configuration naming
naming
and may include os patches and other changes
changes okay
okay
the next one would be update okay
okay
so update at some point after the
initialization the computer will
probably have to be modified in order to
bring the machine into conformance
with the current requirements in most cases
cases
this will happen continually
for the lifetime of the computer right
right
next from configured to unknown you've
got entropy there
okay so entropy refers to the gradual
process of change
that results in a computer
that has an unknown state
the causes for this are numerous they
include for example undisciplined
changes made to the machine
major changes in the environment
or unexplained problems okay
okay
next would be debug debug is from
unknown to configured
so this refers to the process of
debugging an unknown machine and getting
it back
into specification
right next would be rebuild so from
unknown to clean
okay so rebuild
in some cases
a machine will need to be rebuilt
either because of some kind of problem
or for a large scale change okay
okay
and the last one would be retired okay retire
retire
from unknown to off
retire this is the process of turning
the machine off in some sites
there is an official process for this matters
matters
it merely involves turning the computer
off or forgetting it exists
right so that's the end of this video
have a great day see you on the next video
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