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This content provides a comprehensive overview of the six main classes of enzymes, explaining their functions and illustrating them with specific examples.
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ladies and gentlemen do are welcome to
my YouTube channel and if this is the
first time you are coming please
subscribe and join my YouTube so [Music]
[Music]
uh enzymes can actually simply
classified into six and we have them as
or the o stand for
oxided two stand three stand for
transparence h
hydr L Li I
Isom and the last L is lies so these are
the six enzymes classification so
enzymes are classified into six so we
are now going to look at them one after
the order so oxidor rtiv are the enzymes
that catalyze reduxx reaction they are
the enzymes that catalyze redo
they catalyze Redux reaction and of
course when you said Redux reaction it
oxidation so they are the enzymes that
catalyze redox reaction and of course
now look at it remember this is the
Mallet and this is then A+ and remember
when you say oxid reduction
reduction you can just simply say in is
you can see addition of hydrogen addition
addition of
of
hydrogen addition of hydrogen while uh
of course
oxidation is the removal is a
removal of hydrogen so now let's look at
what happened here you see
here we now look at it here hydrogen is being
being
removed o hydrogen is being removed and
added to this so it means that the n a
plus the NAD plus undergo reduction
undergo it undergo
reduction means that it undergo
reduction that is addition of hydrogen
and any species that undergo reduction
the speci that undergo reduction is
known as oxidizing agent oxidizing is
known as
oxidizing agents so this is what
happened actually in in this
example that oxid redu usually catalyze
oxidation reduction reaction so here
hydrogen is being removed so removal of
hydrogen is oxidation it means that M
here on under go oxidation while n plus
undergo reduction and of course any
species that undergo oxidation is
described as reducing agent and the spe
that undergo reduction is described as
oxidizing agent so this is actually the
uh classical example of oxidor dues that
reactions that are
redos so then the next uh types of
classification of enzymes is
transference so transference are the
group of enzymes that
catalyze the transfer of atoms or group
of atoms and of course these atoms or
group of atoms can be a me it can be
carbony it can be carboxy eile methy phosphor
phosphor
and glycol these are the examples of the
substrate that can actually be of course
transfer so from the transfer it means
it add a group it transfer a group from
one particular atom to another atom or
from one group of atoms to another group
of atoms so transference means that it
transfer a grou and these are the
examples of the groups that these
transference enzymes can actually act on
so like for example here we have
hexin hexin is a typical example of
transference enzymes so you can see
clearly here we have glucose initially
as a substrate and then of course plus
ATP so one phosphate group here is being
removed and added the phosphate and
that's what make it glucose 6 phosphate
plus ATP so what does that means it
means that here is ATP and is ADP it
means that one phospate group is
transfer to the glucose here and that
what make it to be glucoses phospate so
this is a typical examples of
transpares enzymes and then the next
types of enzymes that we are going to
look at is hydris so what is
hydroly hydris are actually a group of
enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis among frins
frins
starch fats nuclic acid
phosphates Sy and various mcro molecular
substances so it means that hydris it's
a group of O is an enzymes that usually
involve in the breaking down of a bone
using a small molecules like for example
here we have phosphates so using an
enzymes this is one of the examples of
hydr enzymes who have pyrophosphates
what this phosph does is it CLE this it
CLE it with addition of water hyro means
water Le is breaking down so you add
water then you break down a bond
examples of this hydris it can be [Music]
[Music]
Pepes proteases Li pces there are so
many of them so when you add a water
molecules then you now bring you now
break down a bond using a water molecule
so those kinds of reaction is described
as hydrolysis and the group of enzymes
that do the work they are called Hydro
lasis so this is actually the third
classification and then the next one is
liers so liers actually it always involv
in the removal of a Groove from the
substrate to leave
or to leave a bond reaction or catalyze
it is reverse
reaction so now let's look at what
actually happen here so it can be
involve a removal of a Gro from a
substrate so now look at it this is a
substrate and if you look at it from the
word liers it will just CLE it will just
cleave some
Groove to just clip some group so now
look at it here we have of course
initially if you look at it here we have
this and then of course the carbon
dioxide is is being removed using fate
the carboxilate so carbon dioxide is
being removed so when you use an enzymes
and remove some group so the group of
enzymes that do the work is described as
Li enzymes it's lies it break down some
parts that is a typical example of Li
here F carox that is the removal of
carbon dioxide so that is like this and
then uh the next one is isas and of
course when we said Isom from the word
isomerism that is it change or it
converts one isomer to another isomer so
the conversion of
isomers is the conversion of
isomers yeah that is conversion of
isomers can be geometric isomers or
Optical isoma so remember that we have
in Optical Isa we have L Isa and we have
D Isa so if you now look at it this is
alanin Rim so it
convert alanin from L is to the Isom so
the types of enzymes that comvert one
isoma to another Isom is described as
Isom examples like when you have glucose
phosphate and it now isize toose
phosphate so the group of enzymes that
those that work is phosphor isas and of course
course
foru Isom is a typical example of Isom
enzymes is also another examples this is
actually isomer so the next types of
enzymes that we are going to look is
lias so in this case lies is trying to
join a molecule so when you have two
molecules and then you join them
together so these types of uh reaction
is called
lies you get two molecules and you just
them together like for example here if
you now look at this reaction you'll observe
observe
that we have ammonia here ammonium ion
we have ammonium ion here and then this
ammonium ion is now added so you have
this as one molecules and then this as a
two molecules so they are now joined
together produce a single one so this is
likest when a smaller atoms or two group
join together to produce one three join
to to to form form sorry to to form one
five to form one six to form one so this
is actually the types of reaction that
is catalyze by Li so ladies and
gentlemen thank you for listening and I
think uh the video will be of help to
you and if this is the first time you
are coming to YouTube Channel please subscribe
subscribe
thank you thank you thank you please
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