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Oil and Gas Well Cementing Operations - Primary cementing | Production Technology | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: Oil and Gas Well Cementing Operations - Primary cementing
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here is an overview of casings cemented
in a well call primary cementing the
cements main jobs are to completely
isolate or totally seal off all the oil
gas and water zones from the wellbore
and DeBaun the casing firmly to the wall
of the hole here the crew has drilled
the well to the casing point the depth
the driller circulates drilling mud to
clean the hole and to make sure the mud
is in good condition then the crew pulls
the drill string out of the hole the
next step in primary cementing is for
the casing crew to run the casing into
the well one joint at a time notice at
the bottom of the casing the guide shoe
and float collar also notice the
centralizers and scratchers the guide
shoe guides the first joint of casing
into the wellbore a valve and
float collar let's the crew float the
casing into the well to lessen the load
on the rigs hoisting system centralizers
keep the casing off the wall of the hole
scratchers remove wall cake to ensure a
the cementing crew next readies a
cementing unit the cementing unit
special additives to the cement to make
a liquid cement slurry a high-pressure
cement pumping unit moves the slurry
down the casing to get the cement slurry
down the casing the cementing crew makes
up a cementing head also called a plug
retainer on the top joint of casing
suspended in the rig's elevator the
cementing head has an end tlit for the
slurry enters the head at the connection
on the side the valves on the head allow
the crew to control the point at which
the slurry enters the head from the
cementing head the slurry goes into the
casing the head also holds special plugs
called wiper plugs the wiper
retainers keep the wiper plugs in the
head until the crew releases them to
allow the plugs to be pumped down the
casing the fluid Inlet allows the crew
to pump mud water or a special
displacement fluid the fluid that pushes
the cement into the annulus this head
holds two wiper plugs a bottom wiper
plug and the top wiper plug the bottom
plug goes into the casing first it wipes
mud off the inside of the casing and
separates the mud from the cement the
top plug follows the last of the cement
into the casing it wipes cement off the
inside of the casing and separates
Cement pump fresh
moves the cement slurry to the cementing
head where a crew member releases the
bottom wiper plug slurry pushes the
bottom plug down the casing until it
seats in the float color when the plug
seats continued pump pressure on the
slurry ruptures a diaphragm on the
bottom of the plug this allows cement
slurry to go out the guide shoe and into
the annulus when the calculated amount
of cement slurry has been pumped a crew
displacement fluid forces the top wiper
plug down the casing until it seats in
the float collar on the top of the
bottom plug because the top plug is
solid pump pressure rises when the plug
seats a sharp rise in pump pressure
signals the pump operator to shut down
the pump the float valve holds the
cement in place not allowing it to you
tube back into the casing once it is
displaced into the annulus the cementing
job is complete depending on hole
conditions and the type of cement used
the cement slurry hardens or sets up
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