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FG OVR2 Brain Sci of Teams and Groups
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so now we're going to dig into the brain
science of teams and groups and the
first model I want to show you you've
probably already seen before it's Bruce
tuckman's work on group development and
he studied how groups develop over time
and found that they go through five
stages and he named them forming
storming norming performing and
adjourning and what he discovered is
that each of these phases has some clear
things that the group is doing together
and each phase is characterized by
certain issues and challenges and we
know that teams develop in this way I've
seen this play out in groups that I've
been part on and groups I've supervised
and his model looks at you know the
group getting more and more into the
groove essentially that they eventually
move to this performing stage so I first
want us to look there let's look at
what's happening in the brain when
groups are performing at their
best I always like to tell folks that
why I go to Neuroscience is because
biology is universal it cuts across
everything it cuts across our age and
our gender and our race and ethnicity
and where in the world we live and work
because underneath all of our wonderful
diversity and believe me I love our
diversity we're identical biologically
and so what we're finding when we study
the Neurology of teams and scientists
are using machines like MRIs as well as
these brain caps uh there's EEG G and
tms's that stands for
electroen and transcranial magnetic
stimulation uh what we find is that we
can learn a lot about what's happening
in the brain and they can study now
using these caps teams working in real
time with each other and see what's
going on so there's a few researchers
that are doing groundbreaking work in
this area and what they've discovered is
there's kind of three key things that
happen when teams are performing well
the first is neural synchrony the second
is rhythm of te team and the third is
mere neurons so let me tell you a little
bit more about each of these when we
look at neural synchrony what scientists
can look for is first of all which
region of the brain is lighting up and
in addition they can look at brain waves
and find out what's happening in the
individual brain waves of every member
of the team and sure enough teams that
are performing well achieve neuros
synchrony but what we know is that when
teams are working well you'll actually
see every member of the team they brain
waves come into alignment and you can
see it on these charts they literally
start to mirror each other and it's
pretty fascinating because you can see
stuff neurologically that you wouldn't
necessarily see by observing the team if
you were in the room with them and what
Stevens and Galloway found in their
research was that there were neural
signatures for different parts of how
groups work together for example
identifying the problem forming
Solutions sharing ideas starting to come
to one idea and dealing with expected
challenges they each had a different
neural signature and in fact the team
would drop into alignment and then
something would kind of throw them out
of alignment the brain waves would
scatter and then they'd come back to
alignment and they call that the rhythm
of team which is how quickly the team
realigns on a neurological level the
other thing that was really interesting
was that when teams were doing really
well the brain waves had a fractal
pattern now fractals are kind of
mathematical formulas that get displayed
in nature we see them a lot in nature in
patterns and it turns out that healthy
teams have a fractal pattern in their
brain waves which is kind of
fascinating the third thing I want to
introduce you to is mirr neurons and
mirr neurons is something that we all
have in fact monkeys have them too and
that's how they were discovered there
was researchers who were working with
monkeys and they were on a break and the
researcher went to grab something to eat
and started eating and they noticed that
the brain waves and the monkey were
going off and it turns out it was the
same region for eating in the monkey's
brain and so they did more research and
they found that when we observe
something in another the same part of
our brain fires it's not exactly the
same strength but it's more ghosted or
or lighter version of it but this is
true for not only actions like grasping
and eating you can see some of the
images here from the research but it's
also for emotion and so how mere neurons
help us in terms of teamwork and group
work is it facilitates learning so we
learn by watching others observational
learning as well as our connection to
each other our empathy for each other
and our compassion now Dr Marco iaboni
at UCLA he's a neuroscientist and he
actually studies autism and he
discovered that it's actually a deficit
in the mirror neuron system that
contributes to the symptoms we see in
autism and his book is mirring people
now mirror neurons are also thought to
be related to group contagion meaning
that when people are excited other
people get excited or when people are in
fear other people get into fear because
we pick up on our emotions with each
other and in fact one researcher said
groups may be more contagious simply
because their actions resonate louder
and if any of you have worked in an
organization you've seen this sometimes
some of your workers start to get
worried or excited about something and
it has this contagion effect across
other members of the group it's
something to pay attention to because
it's biologically driven by the mere
neuron system next I want us to look at
the different types of teamwork that exist
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