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Day1: Call for Peace, the End of Wars, and Respect for International Law (Gernika, Spain)

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a few words only

to express our great gratitude. my

colleague Fabric Patricia, myself,

organizer of

this initiative and of course army

and of course I would like to thank the

mayor of Gika for hosting us and being

the host for this two uh days in which

we are committed with a peace and the

end of war.

Thank you dear mayor for your uh warm

welcome and I'm sure we will be

expressing our thanks uh uh throughout

this two days expressing to all of you

my thanks for being here with us and as

unfortunately we lost one of the great

spiritual leader if you agree with me we

will just ask you let's say not a minute

a less a minute uh

moment of respect and remembrance of Pop

Francis. Please join me in this uh

Thank you. So again

welcome and

uh I think

uh we agree that the first

uh debate the first uh meeting will be

around what is really the most important

is our spiritual guidance and so for

that reason we consider that to have

with us all the main uh you know faith

religions that can present to us the

ethic moral aspect and how to really can

build up peace I think is the best one.

So for that reason we start with

religious leader. I thank all the

panelists that have represented

different belief and faith and I hope we

have an good exchange and we will pursue

the whole day exchanging with civil

societies with women with youth and then

we have a reflection in this uh theater

about why wars with a movie that has

been produced and and directed by the

famous movie director Amosai. So thank

you very much. Now I give the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Mayor. We will see you

you. Uh well, I'm um if you will excuse

me because I cannot Oh, okay. It's

turned off. Um so before we start I

welcome everyone. Uh we have a very um

uh distinguished uh speakers uh for our

first session to kick off uh this

important uh initiative the global call

for peace and end of war and respect of

international law. But before we start I

would like our uh distinguished

panelists just to stand up one more time

to get a group a family photo before we

uh start the discussion. uh because um

some of the speakers will be leaving a

little bit earlier before uh we wrap up

uh the discussion. So just for one

minute we take um um um a

you. Um again uh good morning everyone

and welcome uh to our first uh panel

focusing here about uh interfaith

dialogue, the role of religious leaders

and faith actors in fostering the call

for peace, mutual respect and

understanding. And it goes without

saying that uh religious leaders around

the world have always been very close to

their communities. They have the power

uh to mobilize their communities um and

and convey the positive messages of

peace, compassion, empathy, mutual

respect and understanding and dialogue.

uh interfaith dialogue remains to be the

cornerstone of uh the um of the of the

work of inter of religious leaders,

faith actors around the world. And we

are very um privileged that uh the first

uh panel discussion, the first round

table discussion that we have to kick

off this event and it will set the scene

for what will happen tomorrow at the uh

main uh ceremony of in Gernika here in

Gernika, a beautiful city definitely is

to have uh the round table focusing on

the role of religious leaders in the

call for peace, the end of war and um uh

um respect of international law. Uh so

um I would like to start right away with

um um introducing uh the distinguished

panelists that we have uh here um

starting with my right hand side his

virtue Islam Allah Shakur Pasha Grand

MUI of the Caucuses and chairman of the

caucus Muslims

board and on my left side our

co-organizer of this initiative

religions for peace

his excellency Dr. Francis Kurya,

secretary general of religions uh for

peace. Um and then we have also his

virtue muti Dr. Nadzad Graus Mui of SVO

Islamic community in Bosnia and

co-president of religions for peace. We

thank you very much for being here

despite your very busy schedule and I

know that you will have to leave early

uh at 11 and um and and and um and um

again we thank you for your time. um her

ex her um eminence Reverend Dr. uh um

his excellency or his his eminence

[Music]

Seura. Thank you very much, Bishop of

Bil Bao and

Reverend Kushu Niwano, President

Designate Rishu Kai and co-odderator of

Religions for Peace. Thank you for

coming all the way from Japan and we

really appreciate your itinerary and

your time and for accommodating um uh

the um uh our event and Welcome to

Gernika. Uh, Miss Daria Levenson. Um,

happy to see you again, Dr. Daria

Levenson, uh, president of the Jewish

Community Council of Barcelona and board

member of Religions for Peace in Spain.

And she is also here carrying um a

message from the chief rabbi of

Barcelona, Rabbi Samuel Gaston. Uh, so

let's start right away. And I would like

to um invite uh his excellency Dr.

Francis Kura uh to um um to to provide

us with some introductory remarks and um

particularly that religions for peace

has always been this coalition of faith

actors and religious uh leaders um um

and it's as an international

organization dedicated to promoting

peace through collaboration among the

world's diverse religious traditions

through interfaith safe dialogue. Um and

uh you took over um the secret the

presidency or being a secretary general

of religions for peace um recently maybe

few months ago. You came all the way

from uh Kenya and thank you again for uh

your uh time and your art. Dr. Kura, the

the mayor of Rena uh we thank you for

welcoming us to your city. His

Excellency Miguel Martinos, the high

representative of the United Nations

Alliance of

Civilization, esteemed and eminent

religious leaders, uh, our colleagues

from the United Nations, civil society

colleagues, the citizens of Grenika here

present, and those of us, those of you

who join us to seek peace, warm

greetings to you all. It is my profound

honor to be with you in this historic

city of

Grenika, a town that has transformed a

history of tragedy into a beacon of

peace. It is also a true privilege to be

joined here by on this panel by such

esteemed religious leaders from the

religious for peace

movement. Each of whom exemplifies the

peacebuilding power of faith

communities. At the turn of this

century, religious leaders have

leveraged this power and influence to

serve as trusted moral

conflict. In over 50 years, Religions

for Peace has harnessed that influence

to advance peace, justice, and harmony.

And we have proven time and again that

true sustainable peace is possible when

religious leaders create coalitions that

strive towards shared sacred

well-being. Leaders of our movement have

affected real change. I can give a few

examples. In 1909 19 Muslim and

Christian leaders from religions for

peace Liberia initiated the framework

that became known as the echoas peace

plan including a ceasefire roundt

conference and a peacekeeping force that

brought peace to Sierra Leon.

In 2004, Religions for Peace Bosnian

governor influenced the government to

implement their first law protecting

religious freedom and helped reduce

violence against religious institutions

by more than 50%. In the 2010s, members

of Religious for Peace International

Youth Committee came together around the

world to launch the Armsdan campaign for

shared security and presented over 20

million signatures to the United Nations

Secretary General High Representative

for disharmment.

And in 2017, religious peace peacefully

brought a faith-based perspective into

the UN treaty on the prohibition of

nuclear weapons that culminated uh in

the Nobel Peace Prize of

2017. Since 2022, Religions for Peace

has partnered has partnered with the

United Nations Alliance of Civilization

to convene religious leaders from active

peace zones for the Tokyo peace roundt.

And thanks to the religions of peace

Japan, this year again in July, we'll

bring together leaders from Ukraine and

Russia, Palestine and Israel and Myra

together to establish a framework for

sustained and coordinated dialogue.

These are just a few illustrations of

what can be achieved when religious

leaders and other actors commit

themselves to work working for peace

reconciliation as a

collective. His holiness Pope Francis

whom we mourn today whose life was a

testament to the power of faith in

action constantly emphasized the need

for religious leaders to use their

influence in this way. When he hosted a

relig a delegation from religious for

peace in the Vatican, he reminded us

that religions together with their

spiritual and moral resources have a

specific and unique role to

build to play in building peace. They

cannot be neutral, much less ambiguous

when peace is concerned. As a Catholic

myself and as a pursuer of peace, I'm

inspired by this legacy and the

dedication of each one of you here

today. I look forward to to learning

from you in the coming days as we begin

to usher in in this call for peace and

shared flourishing rooted in the sacred.

May peace with which we may peace be

with each of you. Thank you very much.

Thank you. Thank you very much. Um Dr.

Francis Kura, the Secretary General of

Religions for Peace and indeed I echo

your words. Um true sustainable peace is

attainable when uh religious leaders and

faith actors act together collectively

and commit themselves to peace and

reconciliation. Um I also um um um um

emphasize that the role of religious

leaders, the role of faith actors being

very close to their communities using

power of their influence and mobilizing

power in order to be a true voices for

peaceful resolution of uh conflicts um

and conflict resolution that is um the

examples that Dr. Korea prov provided uh

the many initiatives and activities that

were undertaken by religions for peace

uh uh all over the world um in their

through their many regional offices and

chapters around the world is very

valuable and it's it speaks true of the

role of religious leaders without

further ado I would like to now give the

floor to his virtue Islam alakur pashad

the grand mui of the caucuses and

chairman of the caucus Muslims report

and uh I must say before um his virtue

uh begins his uh remarks that the United

Nations Alliance of Civilizations has

been uh working very closely with um his

virtues office over the years. We have

seen um his mobilizing power, a true

voice of wisdom in Azarbaijan and the

Caucus' uh region. Um um and uh last

November we had the uh the honor um to

be participating in uh a summit of

religious leaders which was a precursor

setting the stage for the COP 29 which

was hosted by the government of Azrajan.

They wanted to faith leaders and and

religious leaders from around the world

gathered there in Baku in order to

pledge their support for the protection

of um and uh and saving the planet,

saving and uh and taking action towards

climate change. asserting their role in

doing so in support of uh uh governments

around the world uh who are supportive

of policies towards climate change. The

in the name of the almighty dear

chairman director of Alchemist Miss

Nihal Sad your excellency secretary

general of the international

organization of religions for peace Dr.

Francis Kura, honorable religious

leaders, distinguished participants of

the round

table, I have the honor to greet you on

behalf of the president of

Aserbajan, his

excellency alif at the launch event of

call for peace at the end of wars and

respect for international law, a joint

initiative of UNOK and religions for

peace in the historic city of Garnika,

Spain. I pray to the Almighty to bless

gathering. Distinguished participants of

the round table, for the sake of saving

human life, which is the greatest value

created by the Almighty, peace must be

based on the norms of international law,

universal moral values and traditional

religious and moral principles. As long

as war crimes continue, the tragedy of

Garna should not be erased from memory,

but should serve as a symbol for those

who have not learned the historical

lessons of the two world wars.

Meanwhile, the UN Alliance for

Civilizations, which has made valuable

efforts to develop dialogue amongst

civilizations and expand cooperation

between various religious confessions

and in particular the initiative to

create the alliance for peace makes a

significant contribution to the creation

of an environment of peace and mutual

confidence on the planet. I express my

deep gratitude to Mr. Moratinos, the

high representative of the UN alliance

of civilizations, for his valuable

efforts to deepen the atmosphere of

trust and confidence among civilizations

and to improve interfaith dialogue and

cooperation in the world as well as for

his peaceful activities to protect the

lives of millions of people and I wish

him blessings of the almighty for new achievements.

achievements.

Distinguish participants of the round

table. There is an urgent need to assess

the world's problems from a moral point

of view and to present to the world a

multicultural way of life that is able

to prevent manifestations based on

national racial and religious extremism.

In this regard, the successful model of

coexistence of a Serbajan historically

and multinational multiconessional state

a country of tolerance and multicultural

traditions can become an example for the

whole world. the ideas and initiatives

serving human solidarity in the world

and among them the years of

multiculturalism and Islamic solidarity

declared in our country by the president

and the Baku process of intercultural

dialogue launched on his initiative as

well as the global peace for culture

process initiated by a Serba Jan at the

UN level in um addition to the hosting

of the seventh global forum of the

alliance of civilizations by our country

serve the goals of peace and coexistence

throughout the world. The Republic of

Aserbayan, which recently put an end to

military aggression in accordance with

the provisions of international law and

relevant UN resolutions and restored its

territorial integrity recognized by the

world community was subjected to war

crimes, occupation, genocide, vandalism,

herbicide, eocide, and culture for 30

years. Today the state of Aserbajan is

reviving its culture and spiritual

heritage in the liberated territories

giving new life to our scorched lands

and is engaged in peaceful construction

and real peacekeeping in this region.

Dearest participants of the event in the

modern era ideological and practical

challenges that threaten international

stability and security include

manifestations of xenophobia and post

serious urgent task for humanity. It is

necessary to prevent situations that

seriously undermine the climate of

confidence and human fraternity at the

international level such as threats and

calls for hatred. All this will be

possible only under supremacy of

international law in the world.

All religious postulates clearly

proclaim the focus on peace and

solidarity, spiritual harmony of the

people as it said in our holy book, the

Holy Quran, and do not cause corruption

in the earth after it has been set in

order. We advocate an immediate stop of

all conflicts that threaten the

stability of the world, including the

wars in Ukraine, the Middle East,

Gastrip, Palestine, as well as the

African and and the wars in other parts

of the world and their peaceful and fair

resolution in accordance with

international law for the benefit of

humanity. I express my gratitude to

Spain for organizing today's remarkable

international event and with the

participants divine blessings of their

fair deeds and peacekeeping

activities. I am confident that today's

forum will make its worthwhile

contribution to strengthening peace and

security and intercultural harmony on

Well, if there's anybody listening to

the English translation, I'm afraid that

we were reading a text that uh we've

done our best to translate and we have

no other reference and we do not speak

Foreign speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.

virtue the grand muty of the caucuses

and the chairman of the caucuses Muslims

board. Um actually uh the u translation

I would like to thank very much the

interpreters um uh for the u for for for

their good work and um we were provided

with just a clarification we were

provided with a with a text of um his

virtues speech and we asked the

interpreters to um to read it as his

virtue was uh delivering his remarks and

I think they delivered all of it. So

whatever you heard in into the other

language whether it's English, Spanish

or French was the entire text of uh his

no not in

Spanish. Okay. So we will thank you for

letting us know. We will deal with that

uh uh later. But for those who are

listening to the English interpretation,

it was the entire um the entire

text. So um I move now um to our uh

following distinguished uh speaker in

this panel discussion. Um he is eminence

MUI Dr. Nad Gra Mui of Svo Islamic

Community in Bosnia and Hers Gavina and

co-president of religions for peace.

We're very pleased that you are with us

here and um and as we are talking we are

here in in in in G in Gernika uh which

is very symbolic. We are c we're

commemorating 88th anniversary of its

bombing which in a ceremony that will be

tomorrow and this brings to memory also

SVO and um and and I think that the the

the enduring it's it's those historical

symbolic of the resilience and the

enduring pursuit of peace for people who

are the victims of those um barbaric

attacks um during uh World War I and

World War II. Um and in order that you

would provide us also with your valuable

input on the value of peace, the value

of reconciliation, the value of living

together in peace and coexisting um uh

in in a peaceful environment and the

role of religious leaders in enforcing

that message. Your uh the floor is yours.

yours.

Thank you very much, Miss Nihal. Uh, I'm

very pleased to and honored to

be with all of you today in Gnika. I

would like to express my gratitude.

Spoke about SVO and in Japan, no one can

ever forget the horrors of um, Hiroshima

and and and Nagasaki. The floor is

yours. Um and um I just want to um um uh

tell everyone that um that there will be

interpretation as well um for um for

Reverend Nuano's uh remarks. Yes. Thank you.

Thank you uh madame moderator uh for

this opportunity to speak in front of

Why war? This is not merely a

philosophical or legal question, but a

confrontation with our own limitations and

and

responsibilities. How we remember and

transmit history as Gernika does by

hosting this forum shapes our ethical

Japan endured unprecedented devastation

during the World War II. The atomic

bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

claimed hundreds of thousands of lives

and left survivors with lasting physical

effects and the psychological anguish

beyond words.

Yet many Hibakusha survivors have

continued to testify, affirming the

sanctity of life and expressing the

profound determination to prevent future

wars. Their

voices transcend national boundaries and

continue to serve as moral testimony

At the same time, we must honestly

confront the suffering Japan. and

inflicted upon others. Two weeks ago, I

visited Batan in the Philippines, a site

that still bears the memory of the

suffering caused by Japan during the

war. Rishokai our organization has faced

this history and beyond words of apology

has engaged in concrete long-term

efforts to rebuild

trust. Reconciliation required shared

pain, long silences, repeated dialogue and

and

multi-generational efforts to rebuild

trust. The Friendship Tower built in

1975 stands as a symbol of this

reconciliation. This year marks its 50th anniversary.

Like many religious traditions, Buddhism

affirms the importance of transforming

habitual mental tendencies, the inner

dispositions that shape human behavior

and decision making as the foundation of

lasting peace and justice.

The world's faith traditions call not

only for personal renewal, but also for

urgent reform of power and

policy, all grounded in a culture of

dialogue, mutual dignity, and moral responsibility.

responsibility.

The international year of peace and

trust must serve not merely as a

symbolic gesture but as a concrete

mandate to reform our

institutions, reorient education towards

coexistence and revitalize our

commitment to dialogue. Thank you. Thank

Thank you. Um thank you very much um u

for uh your inspiring words Dr. um

Reverend Koshuano, president, designate

of Rishu Kosakai and co-odderator of

religious for peace. Uh we thank you and

and and uh we are very pleased to have

you as the only uh Buddhist

representation in this uh uh in this

panel uh discussion. um uh your emphasis

on lasting peace and justice as cornerstones

cornerstones

uh for um in the values and the

principles of in enshrined in in in

Buddhism. Um and um um um I also

emphasize what you said. You are the

first one who mentioned uh in this panel

um moral responsibility and when we talk

about moral responsibility it very much

it it is very much related also to the

role of religious

leaders because uh there is a moral

responsibility given their closeness to

the communities and their power of

mobilizing their uh their uh

communities. I see um that your eminence

um um Miy Gra you are about to um I

think about you're you still you're

still with us so thank you very much. Um

uh so um um uh you mentioned also the

international uh year of peace and trust

which is uh in 2025 is the international

year of peace and trust uh based on uh

general assembly resolution that was

adopted um that was adopted to that in

that regard last uh year and it was

actually proposed by uh the republic of

Turkumistan and we are very pleased that

uh the deputy foreign minister of

Turkumistan is going to be uh one of the

keynote speakers in tomorrow's opening

um ceremony um in Genika.

Uh so thank you very much again and um

and I I now turn to um our last speaker

in this panel discussion uh Miss Dalia

Livingston, president of the Jewish

Community Council of Barcelona and board

member um of Religious for Peace here uh

in Spain and you know I mean we have

been here a couple of years ago um uh

United Nations Alliance of Civilizations

the high representative u um for the

United Nations Alliance of Civilizations

was also um had um um um um many

conversations and discussions with the

Jewish community uh here in Spain. And

we attended uh last year there was a

commemorative event that was um uh

organized by um the World Jewish

Congress in Madrid. And we had the

chance to meet um many of the Jewish

community leaders uh who came from

across Spain uh to to to that event. And

and it goes without saying that the

Jewish community in Spain while

historically impacted by the events uh

uh like the one in 19 the one in in 1492

um expulsion they are currently

estimated I believe um um 45,000

um uh in the Jewish community and they

are quite a very vibrant uh Jewish

community. So, I give you the floor and

I understand that you will have first a

message uh that you would like to um to

read from the chief rabbi of Barcelona,

Rabbi Samuel Garson. The floor is yours.

Thank you very much. I'm very pleased to

be here and I really thank the

invitation to participate in this uh

gathering. I first of all since we are

talking about religions

uh we thought uh a message from our

rabbi uh would be very necessary to

understand what religion Judaism is. So

please these are his words weaving the

future of peace. Dear brothers and

sisters of all faith and all of

humanity, distinguished religious and

spiritual leaders, representatives of

governments and international

organizations. Dear friends, today we

gather at a crucial moment where

differences can be used to divide us or

to strengthen us. Human history has

experienced both darkness and light.

From those experiences, we learn the

importance of

coexistence, respect, and the

construction of a future where every

person has a dignified place.

As a member of the Jewish people, I

bring with me a millennia old tradition

that has endured times of persecution,

but has also contributed greatly to

humanity in thought, science, justice,

and culture.

Judaism teaches us that all human beings

are created bale Elohim in divine image

sacred. This principle calls us to the moral

moral

responsibility of building a world of

peace and justice for all.

It call us to engage in tikun olam, the

repair of a world. A concept that

reminds us that every action we take, no

matter how small, can contribute to

healing the brokenness in our society

and in our planet. We cannot ignore that

intolerance, and justice and violence

exist in the world. We cannot close our

eyes to the suffering of those who are

marginalized because of their identity,

faith or

history. In Judaism, life is

sacred. Nephes teaches us to save a

single life is to save an entire

world. The Torah calls us to seek peace

and pursue it.

Jewish wisdom has always guided us

toward justice, dialogue, and

compassion. Principles that are not

exclusive to Jews, but universal values

meant to unite all of

humanity. As Jews, we know that what it

means to be persecuted, but we also know

the most repeated commandment in the

Torah is

You shall love your neighbor as

yourself. This is not just about loving

around those around us, but about

opposing, and defending those who are

vulnerable. No people, no community

should be condemned to hatred or discrimination.

discrimination.

The diversity of beliefs, cultures, and

perspectives is not a threat, but a

richness that challenges us to expand

our understanding in the world. As the

Talmud teaches, truth can take many

forms. Justice is not an abstract ideal.

It is an obligation to ensure that all

people have the same rights and

opportunities. Justice. Justice you

shall pursue. The Torah commandas,

urging us not to remain indifferent to suffering.

suffering.

History has shown us that when a society

allows discrimination against one group

to danger extends to the whole

society and peace shalom is not merely

the absence of conflict but the presence

of harmony, respect and cooperation.

Peace is built through action, dialogue

and the recognition of humanity in each

person. Shalom. We are shalom. May the

one who makes peace in the heaven grant

peace upon us and upon the world.

Therefore, I invite you to a shared

commitment to open our hearts to

understand the pain and hopes of

others. To accept that differences

become sources of learning rather than

separation. Build bridges of dialogue

when we can listen to each other with

respect and without prejudice.

To educate new generation in the values

of coexistence and

justice to act with fairness and

empathy. Empathy denouncing any form of

discrimination or

injustice. To promote a discourse that

unites rather than divides.

Today we have the opportunity to be

architects of a better

world where every community is valued

for its contributions and where respect

in the foundation of our

interactions. History has shown us the

cost of hatred. Let us ensure that the

future bears witness to the power of

unity and

understanding. May this gathering be a

turning point, a renewal of our

commitment to dignity, equity, and

you. Thank you. Thank you very much for

um for those um words um the message of

um Chief Rabbi Barcelona Tamul Garson

and there are very significant and

symbolic words here when you talked

about diversity that brings richness to

the community about justice and peace

and I see the word justice um uh and its

um um uh um attachment and u and uh and

its nexus to to peace is very important

because uh and it was echoed by uh most

of the speakers in this panel uh peace,

justice, moral responsibility and

diversity and the need to build bridges

of of um of dialogue. And um um what is

more significant also um uh in these

words where when you when you mentioned

um that when intolerance, hatred and

prejudices and discrimination based on

religion or belief exists in one

community or in a society, it will not

end there. It will probably extend to

other religious and faith communities

which echoes what the late Rabbi

Jonathan Sax said uh that the hate that

starts with Jews does not stop there but

that is probably also uh applies to

other faith communities when they are

exposed to prejudices and

discrimination. Every one of us um I

believe is a minority somewhere uh in

the world when he when he or she exists

somewhere in the world is a minor it

becomes a minority. Uh so um Daniel you

that was the message of uh the rabbi of

bar of Barcelona and um um maybe we can

talk a little bit about the power of

education. The power of bringing the

community together through educating the

community and bringing them together and

uh educating them and bringing to their awareness

awareness

um the uh the the value of dialogue

through religious leaders and faith uh

and faith actors. We are of course of

religions of uh for peace which is a

very good tool to work together and

especially in Catalunia where we are

based uh we have uh in our group the uh the

the

uh of the action. I mean we gather every

month the group of religions for peace

because we uh com we work on issues that

are daily issues not we don't start

talking about religions and the

principles of religious upon which we

all are we agree I mean we have talked

about dignity about justice I mean this

is but we we work on action we take

action We we try to to bring people to

to the encounters either they are

interested in religion or not to know us

to to see what we work because as uh

religious uh leaders uh we need to show

to other that we can sit with the other

one and talk with respect and to listen

and from any word that we we receive

from the other we learn. We each of one

learns from the other one and we must

show that to uh to the people to to

every to the students for for anything

because we need this dialogue. It's the

most important thing and we agree with

that all of us and one for example of

our uh work we have launched in uh

Barcelona in front of the Catalan

parliament uh an issue which is the

formation of an intergroup of

parliamentary in the parliament of

Catalunia for religion affairs which is

a very important thing because this

group will be formed by people of

different parties of the

Catalan parliament and this is a

really it will help as we will show them

how we can in interface dialogue we we

can bring them to have an an intergroup

dialogue also because we know

empowerment politician they all have

their ideas and they don't want to step

down from that. So I mean this is one of

the achiever. We hope that it will come

to a good end but this is one what gives

us the

uh the dialogue with religions. Dvenson

thank you very much an interesting

initiative. We wish you the best of luck

and um I I I believe that we came to the

end of this panel discussion. And I

would like to thank all the

distinguished uh speakers um who who who

joined us today for their time and for

their valuable uh input uh and

contribution uh to this panel uh which

kicks off uh the initiative a call for

peace the end of wars and the respect

for international law. I'd like to thank

alakazy Dr. Francis Kura um his eminence

MUI Dr. Nad Gra his em her his eminence

uh Reverend Dr. Jose Pura Etifaraga

and her her eminence Reverend Koshu

Nimano and again Miss Dia Levenson. We

thank you all and please join me in

uploading um the distinguished panels. [Applause]

[Music] Memoir.

Forever Collective,

Collective, [Music]

[Music] Immortal.

[Music] Control artist.

[Music] Communal

Communal democracy

secret an organization. [Music]

Dr. Mit expert

on diplomacy. [Music]

[Music] Carlos

Martinez Hassan

special for international peace. Madame Carmen Marin.

And um as I was in this in this beautiful country with a view over the

beautiful country with a view over the sea with the beautiful

houses. We are really starving in terms of happiness and uh love. It's a a

of happiness and uh love. It's a a suicidal kind of selfishness that has

suicidal kind of selfishness that has contaminated all of our mankind mankind.

contaminated all of our mankind mankind. See all of us all of us

are are very unhappy. We are very sad and uh things are happening each day

and uh things are happening each day that make us feel absolutely desperate

that make us feel absolutely desperate and that is family members are killing

and that is family members are killing each other. Children are killing each

each other. Children are killing each other. In other words, these are

other. In other words, these are horrible things that are happening. So

horrible things that are happening. So we have to focus on civil society as a

we have to focus on civil society as a basis and we have to educate our young

basis and we have to educate our young people our youth because uh people young

people our youth because uh people young people don't really see many positive

people don't really see many positive things happening in the world and what

things happening in the world and what they have to do they haven't got to be

they have to do they haven't got to be hunters of

positivism and what we were able to believe in socialism. My um father was a

believe in socialism. My um father was a socialist. He worked with Sandro Perini.

socialist. He worked with Sandro Perini. So therefore there was a certain amount

So therefore there was a certain amount of hope. So in other words uh socialism

of hope. So in other words uh socialism meant that you were there to serve the

meant that you were there to serve the people that you were there to serve the

people that you were there to serve the common good. But nowadays young

common good. But nowadays young people are only leading virtual lives.

people are only leading virtual lives. Virtual life is not conducive to

Virtual life is not conducive to anything good. And now to answer your

anything good. And now to answer your question after this introduction, how

question after this introduction, how can we work with a civil society to

can we work with a civil society to reduce conflicts?

reduce conflicts? Well, above all, by having good

Well, above all, by having good information and that is that the

information and that is that the responsibility of the mass media is

responsibility of the mass media is absolutely

absolutely fundamental. And if we're going to say

fundamental. And if we're going to say things that are not true, that means

things that are not true, that means that what we're doing is destroying the

that what we're doing is destroying the mechanism with which we are sharing

mechanism with which we are sharing things in civil society.

things in civil society. And something that seems to be very

And something that seems to be very important and we've uh I've sometimes

important and we've uh I've sometimes discussed this with Pope Francis and

discussed this with Pope Francis and that is that what we have to do we have

that is that what we have to do we have to try to set up a coalition coalition

to try to set up a coalition coalition that is focused on values on the one

that is focused on values on the one hand and also on shared economic

hand and also on shared economic mechanisms on the other because it is

mechanisms on the other because it is clear that the economy that is economy

clear that the economy that is economy is associated with values. So if we were

is associated with values. So if we were if we establish an equilibrium between

if we establish an equilibrium between economy and values, we would then be on

economy and values, we would then be on the right

the right path. And now I would like to say a

path. And now I would like to say a couple of things about the role that is

couple of things about the role that is played by international

played by international organizations and how they can join

organizations and how they can join civil society to find solutions to deal

civil society to find solutions to deal with the current uh situation and uh

with the current uh situation and uh construct peace. We have to provide uh

construct peace. We have to provide uh information on the global level on the

information on the global level on the global plane. The first thing we have to

global plane. The first thing we have to do today is first we have to save the

do today is first we have to save the planet. That's point number one. We have

planet. That's point number one. We have to save the earth because we are facing

to save the earth because we are facing a tragic situation. Nobody's talking

a tragic situation. Nobody's talking about this. And it's I'm not only

about this. And it's I'm not only referring to the earthquakes we've had

referring to the earthquakes we've had in Italy. There have been 500% more of

in Italy. There have been 500% more of uh unexpected events that are associated

uh unexpected events that are associated with the climate. We've had tremendous

with the climate. We've had tremendous rainfalls and unexpected storms. etc.

rainfalls and unexpected storms. etc. And nobody says anything about that.

And nobody says anything about that. Nobody says anything about what has to

Nobody says anything about what has to be done. And

be done. And unfortunately I still find in documents

unfortunately I still find in documents of the European Union the issue of

of the European Union the issue of energy transition which is absolute

energy transition which is absolute madness. So we have to carry out an

madness. So we have to carry out an ecological conversion. So what I mean to

ecological conversion. So what I mean to say by that is that we have to change

say by that is that we have to change our life methodology and we must

our life methodology and we must understand that each and every one of us

understand that each and every one of us is here to save the world or is supposed

is here to save the world or is supposed to save the world.

So this doesn't only mean that we have to try to do something about these

to try to do something about these situations but also have a constitution

situations but also have a constitution that includes the rights and duties of

that includes the rights and duties of the inhabitants of this planet. Although

the inhabitants of this planet. Although we are working on this and at the very

we are working on this and at the very center we have the ecological conversion

center we have the ecological conversion and we're asking large cities and

and we're asking large cities and smaller towns to become involved and

smaller towns to become involved and it's lovely to see that we have such a

it's lovely to see that we have such a young mayor here with us today like the

young mayor here with us today like the mayor from Sia but cities cities have to

mayor from Sia but cities cities have to play a fundamental role because cities

play a fundamental role because cities receive the requests of people and they

receive the requests of people and they can do something about those needs and

can do something about those needs and meet them. So it's the cities of the

meet them. So it's the cities of the world that should unite to establish the

world that should unite to establish the right kind of methodology and inform

right kind of methodology and inform people on what has to be done which is

people on what has to be done which is absolutely essential nowadays. So we

absolutely essential nowadays. So we have to save the earth and we have to

have to save the earth and we have to protect peace but peace is not a theory

protect peace but peace is not a theory but something that is in limbo. No peace

but something that is in limbo. No peace has to be experienced firsthand.

has to be experienced firsthand. And somebody said to me once upon a

And somebody said to me once upon a time, look, you must understand that you

time, look, you must understand that you have to live peace and that you have to

have to live peace and that you have to be capable of transforming and the love

be capable of transforming and the love for power, which is what people you can

for power, which is what people you can find everywhere. But it's it's the power

find everywhere. But it's it's the power of love. In other words, you have to

of love. In other words, you have to work with people. You have to work with

work with people. You have to work with as many people as you can in whatever is

as many people as you can in whatever is good and true. And um this is something

good and true. And um this is something that I mentioned 40 years ago and I've

that I mentioned 40 years ago and I've been working to achieve this goal since

been working to achieve this goal since then on a daily basis and I only hope

then on a daily basis and I only hope that from Garnika we'll be able to um

that from Garnika we'll be able to um draw some conclusions and cooperate with

draw some conclusions and cooperate with other organizations. We have to convince

other organizations. We have to convince our young people. We have to mobilize

our young people. We have to mobilize our society, all of our societies

our society, all of our societies because we are facing a very difficult

because we are facing a very difficult situation because we have the

situation because we have the destruction of the planet on the one

destruction of the planet on the one hand and we also have the definitive

hand and we also have the definitive destruction of peace. So we have to

destruction of peace. So we have to fight against all of that and we need to

fight against all of that and we need to get the mayors, the men and women and

get the mayors, the men and women and the young people of cities. We have to

the young people of cities. We have to unite our forces so that we can generate

unite our forces so that we can generate a good and positive force that can

a good and positive force that can change how we're doing things right now.

change how we're doing things right now. Thank you very much.

Thank you very much. [Applause]

But I implement dialogue is the most important thing for implement peace and

important thing for implement peace and um having a cordial attitude and we have

um having a cordial attitude and we have to do something about this suicidal

to do something about this suicidal selfishness but we have to educate our

selfishness but we have to educate our young people so that they can so that we

young people so that they can so that we can achieve these uh common goals and

can achieve these uh common goals and there there's something that you said in

there there's something that you said in that is fundamental in your intervention

that is fundamental in your intervention is the responsibility of the mass media

is the responsibility of the mass media too the media considering what's going

too the media considering what's going on right now in the world. So many many

on right now in the world. So many many thanks too for what you said about

thanks too for what you said about living peace and uh working with people

living peace and uh working with people with love. Thank you very much. Thank

with love. Thank you very much. Thank you very much for those words. And now

you very much for those words. And now I'm going to give the floor to Madame

I'm going to give the floor to Madame Nidit

Offi. And I would like to ask you the the following. How

the following. How can civil society organizations how can

can civil society organizations how can they um have a greater impact as regards

they um have a greater impact as regards influencing the global agendas that are

influencing the global agendas that are aimed at constructing

aimed at constructing peace? First of all, thank you for all

peace? First of all, thank you for all of all of you who came and participated

of all of you who came and participated here. I would like to thank a special

here. I would like to thank a special thanks for two people who are leading

thanks for two people who are leading with me and they are part of our group u

with me and they are part of our group u on behalf Francis. um may rest in peace

on behalf Francis. um may rest in peace in the last two years um Miguel

in the last two years um Miguel Moratinos and also um Mr. Enrique

Moratinos and also um Mr. Enrique Simman, we are all together um

Simman, we are all together um ambassador for ambassadors for peace on

ambassador for ambassadors for peace on behalf of Francis and my my feeling

behalf of Francis and my my feeling now during the last week that he was

now during the last week that he was more for us than a leader. He guided us

more for us than a leader. He guided us how to do things right. We've been

how to do things right. We've been through a very very hard um period in

through a very very hard um period in the last two years in the Middle East.

the last two years in the Middle East. I'm I'm a doctor for for Middle East

I'm I'm a doctor for for Middle East studies and professor in the university.

studies and professor in the university. In the last 15 years, I work for

In the last 15 years, I work for education in war zones. what I believed

education in war zones. what I believed after the Arab Spring started in

after the Arab Spring started in 2012 one year later that if we won't

2012 one year later that if we won't start and change from the inside inside

start and change from the inside inside the field all this brutalization the

the field all this brutalization the extremism

extremism fundamentalization in the area we won't

fundamentalization in the area we won't make it because we have to change the

make it because we have to change the hearts we have to change the way of mind

hearts we have to change the way of mind not in the universities we have to start

not in the universities we have to start from the kindergarten and from the first

from the kindergarten and from the first grade if we really want to change this

grade if we really want to change this part parts of the

part parts of the world. I' I've been through with my kids

world. I' I've been through with my kids many many brutal years. I have over 800

many many brutal years. I have over 800 kids in in in the in the Middle East

kids in in in the in the Middle East region, but now I also work in Africa

region, but now I also work in Africa and other

and other places. And the most important thing

places. And the most important thing that we have to understand that we have

that we have to understand that we have a very brutal history. We must change

a very brutal history. We must change it. We have to look forward to the

it. We have to look forward to the future.

future. I was born in Kibutz in a community in

I was born in Kibutz in a community in the south in

the south in 1975. My family lost people in October

1975. My family lost people in October 7th. My sister family the youngest uh

7th. My sister family the youngest uh kid uh the youngest youngest baby who

kid uh the youngest youngest baby who has lost uh who lost her father was born

has lost uh who lost her father was born three later after that. And it was very

three later after that. And it was very hard for me and people asked me how can

hard for me and people asked me how can you continue to help other people Muslim

you continue to help other people Muslim people around the Middle East. But this

people around the Middle East. But this is a duty for us. We have to understand

is a duty for us. We have to understand that the kids the future of the kids

that the kids the future of the kids these kids is our responsibility. If we

these kids is our responsibility. If we won't make that change, nobody will do

won't make that change, nobody will do it for us. And I work in very brutal

it for us. And I work in very brutal places. Um, at the beginning I started

places. Um, at the beginning I started after the Arab Spring started in Syria

after the Arab Spring started in Syria with young orphans that survived ISIS,

with young orphans that survived ISIS, survived other organizations, terror

survived other organizations, terror organizations. And I just collect them

organizations. And I just collect them and we started as a

and we started as a nonprofit school that that we had. Part

nonprofit school that that we had. Part of them were with very brutal um oral

of them were with very brutal um oral injuries. They couldn't speak, they

injuries. They couldn't speak, they couldn't talk, they couldn't even

couldn't talk, they couldn't even swallow. And we brought them the

swallow. And we brought them the formulas border soup. I remember that

formulas border soup. I remember that that uh they could swallow and after

that uh they could swallow and after that to bring them the profession for

that to bring them the profession for the next day after school. This is very

the next day after school. This is very important because if we advocate for

important because if we advocate for peace for tolerance and everything will

peace for tolerance and everything will be okay in during the school school uh

be okay in during the school school uh school years it's very good but it's not

school years it's very good but it's not giving them the future. So after two

giving them the future. So after two years I started to establish other

years I started to establish other schools, art schools for for the kids

schools, art schools for for the kids who cannot speak and more technology

who cannot speak and more technology schools in war zones even in very very

schools in war zones even in very very very complicated and very sensitive

very complicated and very sensitive places that I cannot mention here but

places that I cannot mention here but very uh goodwill of even the authorities

very uh goodwill of even the authorities um led me and by the god and by pope

um led me and by the god and by pope Francis we are all led to do this

Francis we are all led to do this all good will and good things in in the

all good will and good things in in the Middle East and also the Gulf region. I

Middle East and also the Gulf region. I would like to say that we always can

would like to say that we always can hate. It's very very easy to hate people

hate. It's very very easy to hate people like to tell from inside is really

like to tell from inside is really really tough very emotional. We cannot

really tough very emotional. We cannot allow it. We have to change this all

allow it. We have to change this all things. We have to think about the

things. We have to think about the beauty of this world. what we can

beauty of this world. what we can achieve with our goals and focusing all

achieve with our goals and focusing all the time for practical activism. If we

the time for practical activism. If we won't make it practical, we will all

won't make it practical, we will all speak about it. It won't help. We have

speak about it. It won't help. We have to go to the inside of these fields

to go to the inside of these fields inside of Gaza, inside of Israel, also

inside of Gaza, inside of Israel, also inside other places, not only the the

inside other places, not only the the the original places that we are know

the original places that we are know that we are well known, not only in

that we are well known, not only in Damascus, but also other villages around

Damascus, but also other villages around and just to change it from the inside to

and just to change it from the inside to fight the extremism. Extremism is a very

fight the extremism. Extremism is a very brutal thing. Like I don't think that

brutal thing. Like I don't think that even people that act like ISIS for me

even people that act like ISIS for me this is not Islam. I see the Islam in a

this is not Islam. I see the Islam in a different way. I see the beauty of

different way. I see the beauty of Islam. I just came back now from Saudi

Islam. I just came back now from Saudi Arabia. Israel and Saudi Arabia we don't

Arabia. Israel and Saudi Arabia we don't have any diplomatic relations but there

have any diplomatic relations but there is a very good will to change these

is a very good will to change these things to make normalization between the

things to make normalization between the nations and to make it a better place

nations and to make it a better place for all of us. We are not allowed to do

for all of us. We are not allowed to do it in a different way. And I think that

it in a different way. And I think that this this event uh Alliance of

this this event uh Alliance of Civilization on behalf of the United

Civilization on behalf of the United Nation is a very important place. It a

Nation is a very important place. It a very important stage to say our word to

very important stage to say our word to see and to think about it, how to

see and to think about it, how to collaborate it together, how to act and

collaborate it together, how to act and thank you for for my friend who spoke so

thank you for for my friend who spoke so beautifully because this is the main the

beautifully because this is the main the issue of the our heart and our goals to

issue of the our heart and our goals to take this education from the inside from

take this education from the inside from the kindergarten and to change it and

the kindergarten and to change it and this is very important. I know that

this is very important. I know that there are lots of emot emotions around

there are lots of emot emotions around many things to say but we are here to

many things to say but we are here to see the future to bring it better place

see the future to bring it better place to to many so many kids around the world

to to many so many kids around the world and um nowadays I'm establishing a a

and um nowadays I'm establishing a a huge fund education for peace foundation

huge fund education for peace foundation which will be the next generation of

which will be the next generation of activism and of course um Miguel

activism and of course um Miguel Moratinos is supporting and other other

Moratinos is supporting and other other people around the world But I would like

people around the world But I would like to say that the most important is to

to say that the most important is to make it as different parties that each

make it as different parties that each one of the parties um belong to another

one of the parties um belong to another activism because alone we cannot do it.

activism because alone we cannot do it. We are we have to be and cooperate all

We are we have to be and cooperate all over the world together all the nations

over the world together all the nations together and this is very important. So

together and this is very important. So of course I have some leaders who

of course I have some leaders who support like his majesty king Charles um

support like his majesty king Charles um the president of

the president of Portugal, prime minister of Poland and

Portugal, prime minister of Poland and many very good people that we that work

many very good people that we that work with with my teams. I have currently

with with my teams. I have currently over 40 people volunteers nonprofit

over 40 people volunteers nonprofit organization non nonprofit fund and we

organization non nonprofit fund and we are going to establish education against

are going to establish education against radicalization and extremism against

radicalization and extremism against fund fundamentalization and moreover I

fund fundamentalization and moreover I would like to say that Quran the new

would like to say that Quran the new bible and also the old bible are very

bible and also the old bible are very very important if someone think that the

very important if someone think that the the religious are causes of all the wars

the religious are causes of all the wars it's wrong it's mistake to think like

it's wrong it's mistake to think like that religious is a beautiful thing. We

that religious is a beautiful thing. We have to take it the sources the beauty

have to take it the sources the beauty of our religious and to make it shining

of our religious and to make it shining to flourish with us. Not to take the

to flourish with us. Not to take the extremism and try to make the

extremism and try to make the combination between the religious and

combination between the religious and very bad activism that we can see and

very bad activism that we can see and find in the world. And this is our

find in the world. And this is our fighting. This is what we want to do

fighting. This is what we want to do currently in this plate.

much. Thank you very much. It was a beautiful speech

regarding what you're communicating education or practical

communicating education or practical education of what we want

education of what we want to is what we want to achieve through

to is what we want to achieve through this days. Now I would like to give the

this days. Now I would like to give the floor to the mayor of Seria, Mr. Carlos

floor to the mayor of Seria, Mr. Carlos Martinez

Martinez Ming. As Mr. Capasio already

Ming. As Mr. Capasio already explained, cities are very important

explained, cities are very important because they have real contact with

because they have real contact with their citizens.

I would like to know what are the challenges that you face as a

mayor and as a person that is um building a peace from the grassroots

um building a peace from the grassroots and what is the influence of

and what is the influence of international uh stakeholders and what

international uh stakeholders and what is the support that can come from

is the support that can come from them. Well, good morning everyone.

them. Well, good morning everyone. And first of all, I would like to say

And first of all, I would like to say thank you to the municipality of

thank you to the municipality of Garnika, its mayor and its

Garnika, its mayor and its representatives for hosting us here, as

representatives for hosting us here, as well as the United Nations through the

well as the United Nations through the high representative Malan Moratinos that

high representative Malan Moratinos that has invited me to um speak about the

has invited me to um speak about the commitment of a medium-sized city in

commitment of a medium-sized city in Spain, taking into account the uh

Spain, taking into account the uh situation in the world that is not a

situation in the world that is not a simple one as Michelle explained because

simple one as Michelle explained because you didn't talk about despair but you

you didn't talk about despair but you made us aware of how we need to um face

made us aware of how we need to um face things in a crude manner. We need to

things in a crude manner. We need to face the international challenges in

face the international challenges in these geopolitical context that is harsh

these geopolitical context that is harsh and deficile with um political uh agents

and deficile with um political uh agents that are rowing against peace, social

that are rowing against peace, social justice and the values and principles

justice and the values and principles that have allowed us to progress as

that have allowed us to progress as mankind especially during the second

mankind especially during the second half of the 20th century till uh now and

half of the 20th century till uh now and if we're not able to understand this uh

if we're not able to understand this uh um political context we won't be able to

um political context we won't be able to provide solutions to this

provide solutions to this challenges. I'm one of these people that

challenges. I'm one of these people that believes that when it was approved

unanimously between all the countries in the UN the uh passing of the SDGs

the UN the uh passing of the SDGs nowadays it would be very difficult.

nowadays it would be very difficult. We've renewed a pact for the future

We've renewed a pact for the future where we talk about the political action

where we talk about the political action of the institutions which are a people,

of the institutions which are a people, planet and democracy as a fundamental

planet and democracy as a fundamental objectives. And when we talk about a

objectives. And when we talk about a people and this has been mentioned in

people and this has been mentioned in the previous panel, it is important to

the previous panel, it is important to recover the dignity of

recover the dignity of all. Here we have the Antonio Matsado

all. Here we have the Antonio Matsado High School from

High School from Sora students. And uh I want to go back

Sora students. And uh I want to go back to this wonderful poet Antonio Matsado

to this wonderful poet Antonio Matsado that said that no one is more than

that said that no one is more than anyone else. Something that he heard uh

anyone else. Something that he heard uh being said because we need equality,

being said because we need equality, social justice

social justice um and we all should have equal rights

um and we all should have equal rights and opportunities. And that's what we're

and opportunities. And that's what we're talking about here today. So uh as

talking about here today. So uh as politicians we need to focus on the

politicians we need to focus on the rights of citizens on uh equity and we

rights of citizens on uh equity and we need to provide the common space as was

need to provide the common space as was uh

uh mentioned before and that was uh part of

mentioned before and that was uh part of the legacy of Pope Francis that clearly

the legacy of Pope Francis that clearly uh talks about two actions people and

uh talks about two actions people and planet also the planet when there's some

planet also the planet when there's some that deny what is happening which is uh

that deny what is happening which is uh uh perverse and that is being shared as

uh perverse and that is being shared as a fake news and that also means that we

a fake news and that also means that we are not all um working to take care of

are not all um working to take care of our planet our uh common um and shared

our planet our uh common um and shared space. So we need to put in place the

space. So we need to put in place the public policies to defend us from the uh

public policies to defend us from the uh uh wild west that some want to uh

uh wild west that some want to uh create. So we need to continue evolving,

create. So we need to continue evolving, improving, reviewing so that we continue

improving, reviewing so that we continue to be efficient when as achieving our

to be efficient when as achieving our goals of improving the planet and uh

goals of improving the planet and uh people's lives. That's why we need to

people's lives. That's why we need to reinvent things uh in an ongoing manner

reinvent things uh in an ongoing manner and that was the common action um on a

and that was the common action um on a paper of uh

paper of uh countries and then there are other

countries and then there are other options that I wouldn't want to analyze

options that I wouldn't want to analyze today but suddenly um we have wars wars

today but suddenly um we have wars wars that are very present and we should also

that are very present and we should also um um look into that because as

um um look into that because as Europeans we start to be aware awake

Europeans we start to be aware awake when they're closer to us because there

when they're closer to us because there are other wars that have been very

are other wars that have been very active for many years. You've talked

active for many years. You've talked about Palestine. We can talk about

about Palestine. We can talk about Sahara, Africa, Latin America. We can

Sahara, Africa, Latin America. We can also mention uh the Middle East and the

also mention uh the Middle East and the Euro Asian uh area. So wars never

Euro Asian uh area. So wars never um cease to exist, but now they are back

um cease to exist, but now they are back in Europe. And this means that we see

in Europe. And this means that we see the need of going back to the uh United

the need of going back to the uh United Nations Alliance of

Nations Alliance of Civilizations because as democrats we

Civilizations because as democrats we get together at an international level

get together at an international level to be able to through public uh policies

to be able to through public uh policies do something that should be the

do something that should be the foundation for all public uh policies

foundation for all public uh policies and uh to work uh on peace. Without

and uh to work uh on peace. Without this, it will be impossible to progress.

this, it will be impossible to progress. And as this is what makes sense from the

And as this is what makes sense from the starting point, we should consider peace

starting point, we should consider peace as the fundamental objective at all

as the fundamental objective at all levels of administration, even in local

levels of administration, even in local governments. Today I'm very uh pleased

governments. Today I'm very uh pleased that uh the young students from the

that uh the young students from the Antonio Matsado High School are here

Antonio Matsado High School are here together with their teachers so that

together with their teachers so that they see how a small town also has its

they see how a small town also has its voice in an international geopolitical

voice in an international geopolitical uh um event organized by the UN so that

uh um event organized by the UN so that they see that a middlesized city also

they see that a middlesized city also has its responsibility when contributing

has its responsibility when contributing to their um with their political

to their um with their political commitment and engagement because

commitment and engagement because sometimes we understand that the peace

sometimes we understand that the peace is the absence of uh a war and this is

is the absence of uh a war and this is not so when we talk about how uh town

not so when we talk about how uh town council's

council's research through our different

research through our different organizations and uh we work with the

organizations and uh we work with the new urban agenda and we also include

new urban agenda and we also include peace is there. We need to understand

peace is there. We need to understand that a small city has a lot to

that a small city has a lot to contribute in the international

contribute in the international geopolitical context because in the

geopolitical context because in the absence of war, we also need to make

absence of war, we also need to make visible other kinds of

visible other kinds of violence that

violence that uh arise in cities and that uh are not

uh arise in cities and that uh are not looked into. We have to look into their

looked into. We have to look into their origin to see uh how this happens, why

origin to see uh how this happens, why this happens and how they later on

this happens and how they later on escalate. So we need to study violence

escalate. So we need to study violence in cities from the perspective of

in cities from the perspective of inequality or also violence on uh

inequality or also violence on uh women. violence because of sexual

women. violence because of sexual orientation, because of race, because of

orientation, because of race, because of uh others being different, because

uh others being different, because they're migrants, because they are a

they're migrants, because they are a different uh uh social uh classes. And

different uh uh social uh classes. And these are sources of conflict and a city

these are sources of conflict and a city council like ours has to address all

council like ours has to address all these issues or because there is not the

these issues or because there is not the adequate interpretation of religion or

adequate interpretation of religion or faith. because if we would go to the

faith. because if we would go to the sources all this could be

avoided. So this is something that we also do as local governments to research

also do as local governments to research uh causes and try to

um avoid inequalities that uh create uh violence and that later on escalate and

violence and that later on escalate and become uh wars. And in fact, the bishop

become uh wars. And in fact, the bishop of Bil Bao mentioned this before. Evil

of Bil Bao mentioned this before. Evil that will not disappear or the eternal

that will not disappear or the eternal uh conflict of interest from the social

uh conflict of interest from the social and economic standpoint exists between

and economic standpoint exists between human beings and territories and how in

human beings and territories and how in the way in which we manage things, we

the way in which we manage things, we will be able to find efficient solutions

will be able to find efficient solutions to be able to uh coexist and live

to be able to uh coexist and live together in a community. And how do we

together in a community. And how do we do this from

do this from a town council? Well, we try and find

a town council? Well, we try and find the uh origin of the conflict and we uh

the uh origin of the conflict and we uh show our political engagement because at

show our political engagement because at the end of the day, that's what we have

the end of the day, that's what we have to to do. It's easier to have a

to to do. It's easier to have a political uh engagement with those that

political uh engagement with those that are educated, trained, and better

are educated, trained, and better informed. And in fact, someone mentioned

informed. And in fact, someone mentioned before the role of media and how this is

before the role of media and how this is key too. But I wouldn't only focus on

key too. But I wouldn't only focus on the uh um youth they are being educated

the uh um youth they are being educated and trained. But the situation in which

and trained. But the situation in which we are now find ourselves now is because

we are now find ourselves now is because of what we've done in the past. Maybe we

of what we've done in the past. Maybe we had done things better. We should not

had done things better. We should not focus so much on them. They are doing so

focus so much on them. They are doing so much because they are already evolving.

much because they are already evolving. So we need to generate the public policy

So we need to generate the public policy structures so that they as young people

structures so that they as young people can make decisions for the future or in

can make decisions for the future or in the present but without just focusing

the present but without just focusing responsibility on them because we are

responsibility on them because we are also responsible for what is happening.

also responsible for what is happening. So I insist from local governments and

So I insist from local governments and through our influence we want to address

through our influence we want to address that when there is a failure of

that when there is a failure of diplomacy between states and um

diplomacy between states and um multilateralism we need to have more

multilateralism we need to have more diplomacy uh between

diplomacy uh between cities. We try and defend what some

cities. We try and defend what some countries deny starting with the

countries deny starting with the US and also some uh uh political parties

US and also some uh uh political parties in the EU that are growing and they say

in the EU that are growing and they say that uh sustainable development goals

that uh sustainable development goals and the um are not effective. So we need

and the um are not effective. So we need to explain this clearly so that people

to explain this clearly so that people understand what the urban agenda and the

understand what the urban agenda and the agenda 2030 are. This means that we need

agenda 2030 are. This means that we need to generate equality amongst the

to generate equality amongst the territories, neighborhoods in a city and

territories, neighborhoods in a city and municipalities and regions in a country

municipalities and regions in a country means planning in a strategic manner.

means planning in a strategic manner. Taking into account the starting point

Taking into account the starting point to be able to correct things and be more

to be able to correct things and be more efficient. And uh

efficient. And uh also citizens need to demand that this

also citizens need to demand that this public policies are efficient enough to

public policies are efficient enough to solve their problems and they should

solve their problems and they should create an perfect alliance between civil

create an perfect alliance between civil society, the organized representatives,

society, the organized representatives, the citizenship and the different

the citizenship and the different organizations and public institutions.

organizations and public institutions. And this is something that you can

And this is something that you can achieve at a city level because we are

achieve at a city level because we are close to citizens but we're also uh

close to citizens but we're also uh present and also because we are aware of

present and also because we are aware of their realities. So this is the starting

their realities. So this is the starting uh

uh point and regarding our

point and regarding our responsibilities, we not only need the

responsibilities, we not only need the adequate uh um urban um plan planning uh

adequate uh um urban um plan planning uh having sports facilities so that we uh

having sports facilities so that we uh focus on integration and coexistence

focus on integration and coexistence through this uh facilities also with

through this uh facilities also with culture, theater, dance because culture

culture, theater, dance because culture is fundamental for integration and we

is fundamental for integration and we it's also alo in our hands. We need to

it's also alo in our hands. We need to create public spaces that guarantee the

create public spaces that guarantee the rights of citizens so that not only

rights of citizens so that not only those that can pay for it can um go to

those that can pay for it can um go to theater and not only those that can pay

theater and not only those that can pay for it can go to a gym. So we need to

for it can go to a gym. So we need to provide the facilities and

provide the facilities and infrastructures and to therefore have a

infrastructures and to therefore have a society that is educated, trained and is

society that is educated, trained and is demanding uh their rights uh

demanding uh their rights uh So, and to finish, I'm talking about a

So, and to finish, I'm talking about a political uh commitment, a society that

political uh commitment, a society that is empathetic,

is empathetic, um cultured, educated, and that uh

um cultured, educated, and that uh demands from the politicians what they

demands from the politicians what they need so

need so that not others that come with the

that not others that come with the simple solutions are the ones

simple solutions are the ones implementing uh policies. And if we're

implementing uh policies. And if we're able to achieve all of this, that is

able to achieve all of this, that is very difficult, we will be able to look

very difficult, we will be able to look at the origin of violence and address

at the origin of violence and address violence at as at its

origin. So we need to focus on the politics in the small towns and villages

politics in the small towns and villages and in big cities. and this uh uh

and in big cities. and this uh uh revolutions from the grassroots are the

revolutions from the grassroots are the ones that are able to change things in

ones that are able to change things in small towns and in big uh cities. Thank

small towns and in big uh cities. Thank you.

Thank you so much uh Mr. Mayor. Now I will go the floor and I uh apologize to

will go the floor and I uh apologize to Mr. Alberto Alonso.

Alberto Alonso is the director of the Basque Institute for Memory Gora.

Mr. Alonso, I have a question that is uh similar to the one I just asked to the

similar to the one I just asked to the mayor of Saudia. What is the fundamental

mayor of Saudia. What is the fundamental or the main role of international

or the main role of international organizations in the construction of a

organizations in the construction of a peace? Uh good morning and uh thank you

peace? Uh good morning and uh thank you for inviting me. He just said a few

for inviting me. He just said a few words in Basque. Good morning. I would

words in Basque. Good morning. I would like to thank the

like to thank the organization for inviting me to be a

organization for inviting me to be a part of this interesting uh panel. Yes,

part of this interesting uh panel. Yes, I am the director of the Basque

I am the director of the Basque Institute for

Institute for Memory, Coexistence and Human Rights,

Memory, Coexistence and Human Rights, Gora and my contribution after listening

Gora and my contribution after listening to the previous

to the previous panelists and uh my contribution and

panelists and uh my contribution and this is what we do in Basque society has

this is what we do in Basque society has to do with uh creating coexistence

to do with uh creating coexistence through memory.

through memory. For us it is fundamental. As you know

For us it is fundamental. As you know our recent past is

our recent past is um full of pain, suffering and uh uh

um full of pain, suffering and uh uh political violence up to 15 years ago.

political violence up to 15 years ago. So for us it's fundamental to look

So for us it's fundamental to look towards the past and all the uh

towards the past and all the uh suffering generated by the dictatorship

suffering generated by the dictatorship of General Franco but also all the

of General Franco but also all the suffering for the

suffering for the Basque citizens and for Spanish citizens

Basque citizens and for Spanish citizens of political violence. So for us it's a

of political violence. So for us it's a essential to work on a memory that is

essential to work on a memory that is the name of the institute but always

the name of the institute but always focusing on coexistence and that's what

focusing on coexistence and that's what differentiates gora from a department of

differentiates gora from a department of uh contemporary history at any

uh contemporary history at any university.

university. So we want to look towards the

So we want to look towards the past with the aim of uh building uh the

past with the aim of uh building uh the future of our citizens with the respect

future of our citizens with the respect and um commitment towards human rights.

and um commitment towards human rights. For us, memory has uh to do with looking

For us, memory has uh to do with looking at the past but also questioning it and

at the past but also questioning it and uh taking lessons from our past that

uh taking lessons from our past that reinforce our values in the

reinforce our values in the present. In the looking at our memories,

present. In the looking at our memories, we try and find those uh ideas that

we try and find those uh ideas that reinforce what we want to achieve in the

reinforce what we want to achieve in the present.

present. Memory is different from history because

Memory is different from history because it selects those experiences from the

it selects those experiences from the past that can reinforce our values. For

past that can reinforce our values. For example, democratic memory, how from the

example, democratic memory, how from the present and with our engagement with

present and with our engagement with freedom and democracy.

freedom and democracy. we look towards those experiences that

we look towards those experiences that can

can reinforce how we uh deal and uh and are

reinforce how we uh deal and uh and are committed with democracy nowadays. So we

committed with democracy nowadays. So we always have to look at the

always have to look at the past in all its

complexity and a historian cannot uh silence parts of the

historian cannot uh silence parts of the past. And maybe that's what's most

past. And maybe that's what's most important about memory. that as soon as

important about memory. that as soon as we are choosing some experiences of the

we are choosing some experiences of the past to reinforce the values of the

past to reinforce the values of the present, somehow we are also um uh

present, somehow we are also um uh forgetting many other experiences. And

forgetting many other experiences. And this is something that we are also very

this is something that we are also very aware at in Goora when we um build on

aware at in Goora when we um build on our memory. When we all collectively

our memory. When we all collectively together decide what are those

together decide what are those experiences from the past that reinforce

experiences from the past that reinforce uh what our values of the present is um

uh what our values of the present is um something that has to not be simplified.

something that has to not be simplified. We should not simplify things. We should

We should not simplify things. We should not go to that narrative and that is not

not go to that narrative and that is not rigorous and that is starts to be more a

rigorous and that is starts to be more a myth or a legend than a real um history.

myth or a legend than a real um history. My friend Antonio Ria always talks about

My friend Antonio Ria always talks about the myths that made some uh kill. So a

the myths that made some uh kill. So a memory that is manipulated through

memory that is manipulated through political interests can justify violence

political interests can justify violence and the deepest dramas like terrorism

and the deepest dramas like terrorism uh

uh um police

um police violence outside the rule of law. So for

violence outside the rule of law. So for us it's very important to

us it's very important to uh see the

uh see the past in

past in uh including all the different uh

uh including all the different uh aspects and um far away from a half

aspects and um far away from a half truths or lies that become a lie if you

truths or lies that become a lie if you repeat it uh enough. So we want to build

repeat it uh enough. So we want to build this vision of the past uh mainly with

this vision of the past uh mainly with young

young people. Those uh young

people. Those uh young people because my generation was the

people because my generation was the last one that experienced violence in

last one that experienced violence in the streets since I was born till I was

the streets since I was born till I was 18. ETA killed eight people in my

18. ETA killed eight people in my hometown. And I discovered this when I

hometown. And I discovered this when I was more than 40 years old because the

was more than 40 years old because the silence not speaking about all these

silence not speaking about all these things meant that those of us that were

things meant that those of us that were uh um children didn't know what was

uh um children didn't know what was happening in this town with 10,000

happening in this town with 10,000 inhabitants. So we need to be able to

inhabitants. So we need to be able to explain things to new generations in a

explain things to new generations in a rigorous manner with uh an understanding

rigorous manner with uh an understanding of what happened because we need to

of what happened because we need to continue researching and looking into

continue researching and looking into things. We need to explain things in a

things. We need to explain things in a sincere manner. Let's stop worrying

sincere manner. Let's stop worrying about how we look in the picture and

about how we look in the picture and let's focus on the future we want to

let's focus on the future we want to build for others. Sometimes I have the

build for others. Sometimes I have the feeling that we fear

feeling that we fear uh more the uh questions from our uh

uh more the uh questions from our uh children, our

children, our relatives when they ask where were you

relatives when they ask where were you when all this was happening and this

when all this was happening and this means that maybe sometimes we are not

means that maybe sometimes we are not honest enough when speaking with this

honest enough when speaking with this younger generations with our daughters

younger generations with our daughters and sons. Thirdly, I believe it's very

and sons. Thirdly, I believe it's very important that once we give them the

important that once we give them the knowledge, we need to respect them

knowledge, we need to respect them enough so that they are able to build

enough so that they are able to build their own narrative, their own memory,

their own narrative, their own memory, their own vision of the past in a

their own vision of the past in a critical and reflective manner. And I

critical and reflective manner. And I always give the example of a climate

always give the example of a climate collapse. New generations look towards

collapse. New generations look towards the past and ask themselves, how did we

the past and ask themselves, how did we get here? They have questions and ask

get here? They have questions and ask questions that have nothing to do with

questions that have nothing to do with the questions we asked when we were

the questions we asked when we were younger that had more to do with social

younger that had more to do with social movements, feminist movements, um,

movements, feminist movements, um, workers movements. They have their own

workers movements. They have their own memory and their own right to uh, build

memory and their own right to uh, build their and create their own memory always

their and create their own memory always in a rigorous manner. And fourthly we

in a rigorous manner. And fourthly we need to

need to explain what are the um limits and that

explain what are the um limits and that we can explain this through the

we can explain this through the experiences of the past. We need to uh

experiences of the past. We need to uh explain that uh the um main uh element

explain that uh the um main uh element is the rule of law uh for us as

is the rule of law uh for us as democrats and outside that

um outside this norms this that we have as a society there's only a pain and

as a society there's only a pain and suffering I believe this is one of the

suffering I believe this is one of the biggest contributions we can make uh for

biggest contributions we can make uh for the future of

the future of the Basque people. And nowadays when we

the Basque people. And nowadays when we hear once again the uh hate messages,

hear once again the uh hate messages, when we see once again that we point out

when we see once again that we point out those that are different as if they were

those that are different as if they were enemies just because they are different,

enemies just because they are different, we need to raise our voices and

uh tell the Spanish and European uh citizenship that we've already been

citizenship that we've already been there. we know what's the deep pain of

there. we know what's the deep pain of uh this messages being part of society.

uh this messages being part of society. So we need to be able to warn them to

So we need to be able to warn them to explain that this will only create a

explain that this will only create a separation because through many years we

separation because through many years we haven't looked at each other. We've

haven't looked at each other. We've divided uh society. We allowed society

divided uh society. We allowed society to be divided because of this hate um

to be divided because of this hate um messages. So we need to be able to

messages. So we need to be able to explain that what's most important is

explain that what's most important is coexisted uh the right to be different

coexisted uh the right to be different and once we are able to understand that

and once we are able to understand that we have to work inside the rule of law

we have to work inside the rule of law that we have the basic regulation for

that we have the basic regulation for coexistence when all the different

coexistence when all the different parties have decided to work together

parties have decided to work together we've been able to live in a peace

we've been able to live in a peace The writer Bernardo and I will finish

The writer Bernardo and I will finish with this said that when

Bas didn't have the weight of the conflict and of the constant violence

conflict and of the constant violence that day we will be able to uh

that day we will be able to uh um lift a big weight from our backs and

um lift a big weight from our backs and Bernard Tara maybe got wrong the

Bernard Tara maybe got wrong the distance since then I I think we are

distance since then I I think we are able to levitate because uh of the uh

able to levitate because uh of the uh weight we don't have on our shoulders

weight we don't have on our shoulders anymore. So we have to look at the past

anymore. So we have to look at the past in an honest and sincere manner to

in an honest and sincere manner to provide the uh citizens the young

provide the uh citizens the young citizens of the tools to be able to

citizens of the tools to be able to build a critical memory and uh mainly to

build a critical memory and uh mainly to clearly explain what are the limits and

clearly explain what are the limits and how difficult it has been to uh have a

how difficult it has been to uh have a rule of law and to

rule of law and to coexist And um also uh provide them with

coexist And um also uh provide them with uh support all the information all the

uh support all the information all the uh historical uh rigor and research so

uh historical uh rigor and research so that they can be critical uh thinkers

that they can be critical uh thinkers and have this memory with them.

Thank you very much Mr. Alonso and we obviously forget about the

obviously forget about the pain that is produced by war that is

pain that is produced by war that is also produced by

also produced by destruction and which only serves to

destruction and which only serves to consider what peace actually means now

consider what peace actually means now more than ever before. But I would now

more than ever before. But I would now like to give the floor to Madame Saha

like to give the floor to Madame Saha Hassan. Welcome.

How can we enrich the alliance between the

can we enrich the alliance between the civil society, governments and

civil society, governments and multilateral institutions?

multilateral institutions? Thank you so much um for that question

Thank you so much um for that question and to all my u panelists, I'm really

and to all my u panelists, I'm really honored to be on a panel with all with

honored to be on a panel with all with all of you. Uh very impressive uh group

all of you. Uh very impressive uh group of people. Thank you to the high

of people. Thank you to the high representative uh Moritanis for inviting

representative uh Moritanis for inviting me and the mayor of Garnica for uh for

me and the mayor of Garnica for uh for also hosting us uh in this really dark

also hosting us uh in this really dark time honestly uh in the world. Um I I

time honestly uh in the world. Um I I want to talk a little bit about the

want to talk a little bit about the public institutions because I'm coming

public institutions because I'm coming from the United States of America and in

from the United States of America and in this moment it seems like a lot of uh a

this moment it seems like a lot of uh a lot of the uh disruption let's say

lot of the uh disruption let's say around the world um is being caused by

around the world um is being caused by uh by leadership from the country that

uh by leadership from the country that I'm coming from. I work at an

I'm coming from. I work at an institution called the Carnegie

institution called the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. And

Endowment for International Peace. And if you're not familiar with it, it's an

if you're not familiar with it, it's an institution that was created by Andrew

institution that was created by Andrew Carnegie uh before World War II uh in

Carnegie uh before World War II uh in the period uh just before and just after

the period uh just before and just after World War I where he had this this crazy

World War I where he had this this crazy idea. He thought, "How can we figure out

idea. He thought, "How can we figure out a way to end all war?" And he went about

a way to end all war?" And he went about creating this institution with the

creating this institution with the project of figuring out how to end war.

project of figuring out how to end war. He wasn't looking for a way to mitigate

He wasn't looking for a way to mitigate the worst uh impulses of war or to try

the worst uh impulses of war or to try to, you know, sand around the rough

to, you know, sand around the rough edges of war. He wanted to end war. So

edges of war. He wanted to end war. So he thought, let's bring the smartest

he thought, let's bring the smartest people together and let them, you know,

people together and let them, you know, have like basically a laboratory in

have like basically a laboratory in which they can figure out how to do

which they can figure out how to do that. I'm sad to report that uh uh

that. I'm sad to report that uh uh despite bringing some very intelligent

despite bringing some very intelligent people together uh over the many decades

people together uh over the many decades Carnegie has been around and it's it's

Carnegie has been around and it's it's over a hundred years old um we haven't

over a hundred years old um we haven't figured it out yet. And what I I am what

figured it out yet. And what I I am what I find unfortunate is that what we're

I find unfortunate is that what we're doing instead is trying to find out ways

doing instead is trying to find out ways to sand around the rough edges of war to

to sand around the rough edges of war to make it

make it more palatable. And uh and this

more palatable. And uh and this shouldn't be this shouldn't be our

shouldn't be this shouldn't be our agenda. Our agenda should be how to

agenda. Our agenda should be how to prevent war, how to you know increase

prevent war, how to you know increase the ability of people to uh have

the ability of people to uh have dialogue, to find diplomatic ways to

dialogue, to find diplomatic ways to resolve conflict and to get away from

resolve conflict and to get away from war. Um but what we see now is something

war. Um but what we see now is something quite different.

quite different. Um there's this uh you know some of the

Um there's this uh you know some of the comments that were made in the first

comments that were made in the first panel really especially about Pope

panel really especially about Pope Francis uh God rest his soul really

Francis uh God rest his soul really resonated with me this idea of you know

resonated with me this idea of you know being courageous taking risks um making

being courageous taking risks um making your values um live not just something

your values um live not just something that you have inside of you but

that you have inside of you but something that you practice

something that you practice um that's what He was the pope was this

um that's what He was the pope was this to all of us. He wasn't afraid when he

to all of us. He wasn't afraid when he visited Bethlehem to put his hand on uh

visited Bethlehem to put his hand on uh you know the separation wall and and to

you know the separation wall and and to pray silently. But that symbolism spoke

pray silently. But that symbolism spoke volumes around the world because of the

volumes around the world because of the institution that the pope is. Um, you

institution that the pope is. Um, you know, he wasn't afraid to show how he

know, he wasn't afraid to show how he would pick up the phone and call uh, you

would pick up the phone and call uh, you know, his uh, co-religionists in Gaza to

know, his uh, co-religionists in Gaza to find out how they're doing and let the

find out how they're doing and let the world know that he was doing that. He

world know that he was doing that. He wasn't afraid to speak out and call out

wasn't afraid to speak out and call out by name something that was wrong and to

by name something that was wrong and to use labels that

use labels that fit. He didn't speak in diplomatic terms

fit. He didn't speak in diplomatic terms in in those contexts. He called

in in those contexts. He called something what it was. He named it. And

something what it was. He named it. And that's so important because in an

that's so important because in an institution like mine

institution like mine where while Carnegie, Andrew Carnegie

where while Carnegie, Andrew Carnegie wanted to end war, think tanks and civil

wanted to end war, think tanks and civil society in general that work in in the

society in general that work in in the space of research and academia, we try

space of research and academia, we try to both sides everything. But there's

to both sides everything. But there's some things that are just plain wrong.

some things that are just plain wrong. There's some things that violate

There's some things that violate international law. There's some things

international law. There's some things that go against our values. And we

that go against our values. And we shouldn't be afraid to say so. We have

shouldn't be afraid to say so. We have to say so because if we make exceptions

to say so because if we make exceptions in one case, then we've lost the entire

in one case, then we've lost the entire value of of the structures that were

value of of the structures that were built uh in the aftermath of World War

built uh in the aftermath of World War II to protect all of us. Um there

II to protect all of us. Um there shouldn't be exceptionalism. And I think

shouldn't be exceptionalism. And I think that's what's really important about

that's what's really important about civil society and about building

civil society and about building um uh dialogue between communities is to

um uh dialogue between communities is to be able to speak frankly, to be able to

be able to speak frankly, to be able to name things, to be able to work together

name things, to be able to work together honestly and forthrightly. And and I

honestly and forthrightly. And and I think that this is something that's been

think that this is something that's been becoming more and more difficult in the

becoming more and more difficult in the United States, which is is frightening

United States, which is is frightening to me as someone who always appreciated

to me as someone who always appreciated because of my my family background

because of my my family background originating in Palestine. I always

originating in Palestine. I always appreciated the fact that I live in a

appreciated the fact that I live in a liberal democracy in which there is

liberal democracy in which there is freedom of speech, the right to dissent.

freedom of speech, the right to dissent. In fact, it was encouraged because

In fact, it was encouraged because through disscent and um the marketplace

through disscent and um the marketplace of ideas, we can have better policy. And

of ideas, we can have better policy. And I work in policy. So for me, this is the

I work in policy. So for me, this is the bread and butter of

bread and butter of being a policy analyst is being able to

being a policy analyst is being able to talk about bad policy and good policy

talk about bad policy and good policy and encourage policy makers to choose

and encourage policy makers to choose better policy. And right now in the

better policy. And right now in the United States, we are having trouble

United States, we are having trouble with this idea of dissent. Um we're

with this idea of dissent. Um we're seeing a crackdown on um on disfavored

seeing a crackdown on um on disfavored speech, speech that is against war,

speech, speech that is against war, speech calling for a ceasefire, speech

speech calling for a ceasefire, speech advocating for the human rights of

advocating for the human rights of people that are facing daily

people that are facing daily bombardment, people who are being denied

bombardment, people who are being denied food, water, and medicine. We're in the

food, water, and medicine. We're in the 50th day now of a complete blockade of

50th day now of a complete blockade of Gaza and it's difficult to be able to

Gaza and it's difficult to be able to name that in the United States now

name that in the United States now because of um restrictions that are

because of um restrictions that are being put on civil society to pre to

being put on civil society to pre to prevent them from speaking. And this is

prevent them from speaking. And this is not just individuals. We're seeing

not just individuals. We're seeing attacks on academic institutions.

attacks on academic institutions. We're seeing threats that the nonprofit

We're seeing threats that the nonprofit status of philanthropies are going to be

status of philanthropies are going to be withdrawn so that they can't support

withdrawn so that they can't support civil society organizations that are

civil society organizations that are trying to advocate for peace. We're

trying to advocate for peace. We're seeing academic institutions losing

seeing academic institutions losing billions of dollars in funding. Many

billions of dollars in funding. Many have closed down. Many um think tanks in

have closed down. Many um think tanks in the in the Washington DC area have been

the in the Washington DC area have been shut down because of their advocacy for

shut down because of their advocacy for disfavored ideas like peace in the

disfavored ideas like peace in the Middle East, like um the rights of of

Middle East, like um the rights of of minorities, um of supporting diversity,

minorities, um of supporting diversity, equity, and inclusion. Uh, so it's a

equity, and inclusion. Uh, so it's a it's a very fraught time and I fear the

it's a very fraught time and I fear the impact these measures are going to have,

impact these measures are going to have, not just in the United States and how

not just in the United States and how it's going to impact vulnerable

it's going to impact vulnerable communities and the ability for those

communities and the ability for those that advocate on their behalf to be able

that advocate on their behalf to be able to pursue policy change. But because of

to pursue policy change. But because of the impact and the footprint the United

the impact and the footprint the United States has around the world, I fear what

States has around the world, I fear what it's going to do to other countries and

it's going to do to other countries and the way that they are approaching

the way that they are approaching different policy issues. I fear of what

different policy issues. I fear of what it's going to do to multilateral

it's going to do to multilateral institutions like the UN to have the

institutions like the UN to have the world's superpower dictating the terms

world's superpower dictating the terms of acceptable speech and the acceptable

of acceptable speech and the acceptable position to take when it comes to war

position to take when it comes to war and peace. So, you know, this is a an

and peace. So, you know, this is a an incredibly difficult time and and having

incredibly difficult time and and having a conversation like this in which we can

a conversation like this in which we can talk about what are some of the ways we

talk about what are some of the ways we can approach this moment. Um there is a

can approach this moment. Um there is a fierce urgency of now. It's important

fierce urgency of now. It's important for us to learn the lessons of the past

for us to learn the lessons of the past and to think about a better future. But

and to think about a better future. But there's a moment right now where people

there's a moment right now where people are in serious conflict. People are

are in serious conflict. People are being deprived of the essentials of

being deprived of the essentials of life. What can we do now to make sure

life. What can we do now to make sure that we're able to to uh advocate for an

that we're able to to uh advocate for an end to

end to this despite the many restrictions? And

this despite the many restrictions? And and I go back to uh and I'll conclude

and I go back to uh and I'll conclude with this. I go back to the example of

with this. I go back to the example of of uh Pope Francis who took risks, who

of uh Pope Francis who took risks, who wasn't afraid to speak out, who could

wasn't afraid to speak out, who could have, you know, just been the beloved

have, you know, just been the beloved pope to the world and and uh not put

pope to the world and and uh not put himself out there, but he did. And I

himself out there, but he did. And I think that's what this moment demands of

think that's what this moment demands of all of us. It demands us all to take

all of us. It demands us all to take risks, to be clear about our values, and

risks, to be clear about our values, and to practice them. Thank you.

[Applause] Thank you very much, Mrs. Hassan.

Okay. Well, now to close because we are fine timewise, I've now like to give the

fine timewise, I've now like to give the floor to Carmen

floor to Carmen Maron.

Maron. And I think that it would also be very

And I think that it would also be very important for you to say a couple of

important for you to say a couple of things about how civil society, how

things about how civil society, how civil society can collaborate

civil society can collaborate efficaciously as regards to these

efficaciously as regards to these uh efforts aimed at achieving peace.

uh efforts aimed at achieving peace. Thank you very much for inviting me. Uh

Thank you very much for inviting me. Uh iso, I will speak in Spanish.

iso, I will speak in Spanish. Gracias. Thank you. Thank you very much

Gracias. Thank you. Thank you very much for having um organized this event

for having um organized this event because the truth is that it has been

because the truth is that it has been like a sort of I don't know it's like

like a sort of I don't know it's like seeing the light shining at the end of

seeing the light shining at the end of the tunnel and I must also say that I'm

the tunnel and I must also say that I'm delighted to be in this town. I've been

delighted to be in this town. I've been here many times to meet up with my

here many times to meet up with my friends from Garnika Goratus that is the

friends from Garnika Goratus that is the museum for peace because I am a member

museum for peace because I am a member of an institution that forms part of the

of an institution that forms part of the Spanish association of research for

Spanish association of research for peace and this is a foundation where the

peace and this is a foundation where the government of Aragon is involved

government of Aragon is involved together with the Aragon parliament and

together with the Aragon parliament and the company of Jesus. So that means that

the company of Jesus. So that means that the institutions of civil society are

the institutions of civil society are involved together with NOS's that are

involved together with NOS's that are represented. And I also have to say

represented. And I also have to say because this is one of the new

because this is one of the new developments we have in this country is

developments we have in this country is that at our foundation we also have the

that at our foundation we also have the military involved. And at this point in

military involved. And at this point in time now that we are absolutely shocked

time now that we are absolutely shocked by the militarist trend that we can see

by the militarist trend that we can see in the rest of the world because of the

in the rest of the world because of the many promilitarist speeches. I would

many promilitarist speeches. I would like to present one of the things that

like to present one of the things that we always defend and that is that being

we always defend and that is that being anti-militarist doesn't mean that you

anti-militarist doesn't mean that you are

are anti-military because militarism is an

anti-military because militarism is an ideology that chooses a force and

ideology that chooses a force and weapons to address conflicts and you

weapons to address conflicts and you know that the military or this is a

know that the military or this is a profession these are people that are in

profession these are people that are in the defense institutions of the country

the defense institutions of the country so on and so forth. So one of the main

so on and so forth. So one of the main ideas here is how are we supposed to

ideas here is how are we supposed to work so that militarism is does not

work so that militarism is does not cover absolutely

cover absolutely everything. And the truth is that we are

everything. And the truth is that we are now listening to all of these speeches

now listening to all of these speeches that we can see on television and in the

that we can see on television and in the media that are in favor of rearming and

media that are in favor of rearming and that are in favor of spending more money

that are in favor of spending more money on weapons. But I think that one of the

on weapons. But I think that one of the things that civil society can do in this

things that civil society can do in this case is counteract that discourse, in

case is counteract that discourse, in other words,

other words, delegitimize this idea, this idea that

delegitimize this idea, this idea that says that weapons are necessary. And we

says that weapons are necessary. And we have to

have to delegitim delegitimize this thing

delegitim delegitimize this thing because if it's only this discourse that

because if it's only this discourse that predominates, we're going to end up

predominates, we're going to end up having the what we call the pymealion um

having the what we call the pymealion um um effect that is the prophecy that

um effect that is the prophecy that fulfills itself. One of the institutions

fulfills itself. One of the institutions that is also very cherished uh by

us. It was the Pakwash Institute where we have lots of

Institute where we have lots of international scientists there and they

international scientists there and they are telling us how we are getting closer

are telling us how we are getting closer and closer to that possible predominance

and closer to that possible predominance of nuclear weaponry and how the

of nuclear weaponry and how the international agreements are going to be

international agreements are going to be set aside. And they are also telling us

set aside. And they are also telling us that those periods in which there's an

that those periods in which there's an increase in the expenditure on weapons

increase in the expenditure on weapons are those periods that can end up

are those periods that can end up producing a conflict, a war because as

producing a conflict, a war because as they say in nonviolence, whoever holds

they say in nonviolence, whoever holds the hammer will believes that the rest

the hammer will believes that the rest of the world looks like a nail.

of the world looks like a nail. So I'm going to leave this message with

So I'm going to leave this message with you people and that is that we have to

you people and that is that we have to make visible the voices in favor of

make visible the voices in favor of peace even if they are a minority

peace even if they are a minority because for instance and with my pupils

because for instance and with my pupils and uh when I only spoke about wars and

and uh when I only spoke about wars and about the dangers associated with

about the dangers associated with nuclear energy as a professor of physics

nuclear energy as a professor of physics I noticed that I also had to explain to

I noticed that I also had to explain to these people what the people in have

these people what the people in have done over the is and we have to work

done over the is and we have to work with those legacies with those historic

with those legacies with those historic legacies. In other words, with the

legacies. In other words, with the legacy of the people that are here to

legacy of the people that are here to build peace that my colleagues will be

build peace that my colleagues will be talking about in the next panel

talking about in the next panel discussion. But this is a legacy that

discussion. But this is a legacy that has to do with looking after the lives

has to do with looking after the lives of human beings and caring for human

of human beings and caring for human life. So I think that I'd connect this

life. So I think that I'd connect this to what you've said on this panel

to what you've said on this panel discussion. I love underscoring whatever

discussion. I love underscoring whatever is positive, whatever has to do with

is positive, whatever has to do with education or with local institutions

education or with local institutions because we in my city a few years ago

because we in my city a few years ago the um treaty banning the nuclear

the um treaty banning the nuclear weapons that has not been signed by the

weapons that has not been signed by the Spanish government but we have suggested

Spanish government but we have suggested that town council s um signed it and

that town council s um signed it and ours did. So these are things that civil

ours did. So these are things that civil society can get done. Civil society can

society can get done. Civil society can dismantle these hate speeches because

dismantle these hate speeches because civil society has always played a very

civil society has always played a very relevant role in the B country to de to

relevant role in the B country to de to delegitimize in people's minds the fact

delegitimize in people's minds the fact that violence can be used to achieve

that violence can be used to achieve objectives. I'm not going to say much

objectives. I'm not going to say much more because I'm afraid that we are

more because I'm afraid that we are running out of time here. But I do want

running out of time here. But I do want to point out that we have to work as

to point out that we have to work as civil society has to organize itself and

civil society has to organize itself and it has to cooperate with institutions

it has to cooperate with institutions and has to work handinhand together with

and has to work handinhand together with the United Nations and there's

the United Nations and there's possibility in civil society of doing so

possibility in civil society of doing so because we at Nairobi at the last

because we at Nairobi at the last international conference and this is how

international conference and this is how it will be positive to produce these

it will be positive to produce these positive things positive things that are

positive things positive things that are happening in the world that that can

happening in the world that that can generate more hope in our young people

generate more hope in our young people and in ourselves too. Thank you very

much. Well, thank you very much uh Mrs. Marayon and many thanks to these

Marayon and many thanks to these speakers on this panel and thank you

speakers on this panel and thank you very much for becoming instruments that

very much for becoming instruments that are now giving um voice to many people

are now giving um voice to many people that don't have a voice and thank you

that don't have a voice and thank you for doing so here too at this event that

for doing so here too at this event that has been organized by the United Nations

has been organized by the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations that I think

Alliance of Civilizations that I think becomes much more relevant and much more

becomes much more relevant and much more important than ever before as an

important than ever before as an instrument to correct the political

instrument to correct the political commitment and diplomatic commitment of

commitment and diplomatic commitment of our people and the capacity to

our people and the capacity to negotiate. So, Mr. Mayor, and as you

negotiate. So, Mr. Mayor, and as you just pointed out before, nobody is more

just pointed out before, nobody is more important than anybody else because we

important than anybody else because we are all equal as regards rights and

are all equal as regards rights and obligations and we should all have the

obligations and we should all have the same opportunities too. And uh and uh

same opportunities too. And uh and uh and well, this is what Mr. Gapaso said

and well, this is what Mr. Gapaso said too and that is living peace or living

too and that is living peace or living in peace and living with love too. And

in peace and living with love too. And well, I would like to thank you all very

well, I would like to thank you all very much indeed too for having allowed us to

much indeed too for having allowed us to participate in this event today. And to

participate in this event today. And to close, I would now like to give the

close, I would now like to give the floor to the school of philosophy 15m

floor to the school of philosophy 15m from Granada. And I'm going to give the

from Granada. And I'm going to give the floor to Mrs. Maria Rascosa and Mr.

floor to Mrs. Maria Rascosa and Mr. Rafael Deedo. Thank you very much.

Hello. Good afternoon. Firstly, many thanks to

afternoon. Firstly, many thanks to Gnika. Many thanks for having us here

Gnika. Many thanks for having us here today. Many thanks to the mayor and to

today. Many thanks to the mayor and to the panelists. And many thanks to all of

the panelists. And many thanks to all of the people that are here today. And of

the people that are here today. And of all above all, many thanks to Mr.

all above all, many thanks to Mr. Moratinos for this invitation for

Moratinos for this invitation for allowing us to participate in this event

allowing us to participate in this event on peace and for giving civil society

on peace and for giving civil society the possibility of talking about such a

the possibility of talking about such a vital issue as peace. Without peace,

vital issue as peace. Without peace, there's no life. There's no such thing

there's no life. There's no such thing as life. And this is Rafaelo and my name

as life. And this is Rafaelo and my name is Maria Kasosaur from the school of

is Maria Kasosaur from the school of philosophy 15m in Granada. We are

philosophy 15m in Granada. We are actively involved in the 15m movement

actively involved in the 15m movement since its inception.

since its inception. And we are also involved in the 15s

And we are also involved in the 15s action surround parliament which took

action surround parliament which took place in

place in 2012 and this is an action that was

2012 and this is an action that was complain about the fact that parliament

complain about the fact that parliament was occupied by the factic powers and um

was occupied by the factic powers and um this received support of 77% of our

this received support of 77% of our citizens and my colleague Rafael Deero

citizens and my colleague Rafael Deero was one of the people that was charged

was one of the people that was charged together with another seven activists

together with another seven activists for attacking

for attacking state

institutions. So one of the ideas behind this uh

this uh meeting is an appeal to everybody to

meeting is an appeal to everybody to everybody is very interested in global

everybody is very interested in global changes because this is affecting all of

changes because this is affecting all of us tragically and significantly. We are

us tragically and significantly. We are affected by climate change, by wars, by

affected by climate change, by wars, by inequalities and by other terrible

inequalities and by other terrible things.

things. And in view of this unbearable situation

And in view of this unbearable situation that mankind is having to put up with,

that mankind is having to put up with, the good news is that an union is now

the good news is that an union is now being formed between the social

being formed between the social movements

movements and diplomacy at the highest possible

and diplomacy at the highest possible level uh through the United Nations

level uh through the United Nations basically because civil society as is

basically because civil society as is pointed out there as a catalyst for

pointed out there as a catalyst for sustainable peace and as the panhispanic

sustainable peace and as the panhispanic dictionary says the institution ution of

dictionary says the institution ution of diplomacy has demonstrated that it's an

diplomacy has demonstrated that it's an essential instrument for efficacious

essential instrument for efficacious cooperation in the international

cooperation in the international community that allows the states and in

community that allows the states and in spite of the differences in their

spite of the differences in their constitutional and social systems

constitutional and social systems achieve a mutual understanding and also

achieve a mutual understanding and also solve their controversies through

solve their controversies through peaceful

peaceful means like Antonio Guteras or Fedrico

means like Antonio Guteras or Fedrico Mayor Taraga or Miguel Moratinos and so

Mayor Taraga or Miguel Moratinos and so many others have demonstrated they've

many others have demonstrated they've firmly ly committed towards equality and

firmly ly committed towards equality and peace and let's just remember how the

peace and let's just remember how the minister Fernando Enrron Fernando Baran

minister Fernando Enrron Fernando Baran sorry opposed the the incorporation of

sorry opposed the the incorporation of Spain to NATO and this um communion

Spain to NATO and this um communion between high diplomacy and the popular

between high diplomacy and the popular base is uh focused on what Fedrico Mayor

base is uh focused on what Fedrico Mayor Orea did the director of the university

Orea did the director of the university and another he was also the minister of

and another he was also the minister of education and the director general of

education and the director general of UNESCO He held a number of meetings with

UNESCO He held a number of meetings with Miguel Karascosa and teacher from public

Miguel Karascosa and teacher from public schools as we saw in the tribute that

schools as we saw in the tribute that was paid by Fedrico to Miguel which was

was paid by Fedrico to Miguel which was an exercise of gratitude. And this mun

an exercise of gratitude. And this mun could also be seen in the homage that

could also be seen in the homage that was paid to Fedrico Mayor at the deares

was paid to Fedrico Mayor at the deares in Madrid that took place last month on

in Madrid that took place last month on March the 18th where the attendees very

March the 18th where the attendees very high ranking officials from the United

high ranking officials from the United Nations and from

Nations and from universities decided that mobilization

universities decided that mobilization had to take place at an international

had to take place at an international level. That is the alliance of

level. That is the alliance of civilizations of the UN is one of the

civilizations of the UN is one of the major achievements of international

major achievements of international diplomacy as a response to fight against

diplomacy as a response to fight against the imperialist policies and diplomacy

the imperialist policies and diplomacy without social movements is absolutely

without social movements is absolutely powerless and social um movements

powerless and social um movements without diplomacy have become marginal

without diplomacy have become marginal elements too. So what is the doctrine

elements too. So what is the doctrine behind this union? involve the

behind this union? involve the fundamental texts that have to do with

fundamental texts that have to do with international legitimacy and the

international legitimacy and the universal declaration of human rights

universal declaration of human rights and the alliance of civilizations of the

and the alliance of civilizations of the United

Nations is building bridges between societies. It also promoting dialogue

societies. It also promoting dialogue and a greater level of understanding and

and a greater level of understanding and wants to improve our political

wants to improve our political willingness.

willingness. So what are our references? Well,

So what are our references? Well, equality and peace always. And now I'm

equality and peace always. And now I'm going to give the microphone to my

going to give the microphone to my colleague.

we the parliament of the religions is the the the name the name they use in

the the the name the name they use in Malaga but we call this um religions and

Malaga but we call this um religions and spirituality in in favor of coexistence

spirituality in in favor of coexistence and we the school of philosophy we are

and we the school of philosophy we are there as theists and not as a

there as theists and not as a confessional religion but rather as

confessional religion but rather as aists but I what I mean to say by

aists but I what I mean to say by This is that the the the idea of

This is that the the the idea of um

um is has to be everywhere and that is in

is has to be everywhere and that is in the alliance of civilization and in the

the alliance of civilization and in the renewing for

renewing for peace religions for peace and it has

peace religions for peace and it has been said that 85% of the world's

been said that 85% of the world's population is religion religious and

population is religion religious and there's an idea that dates back many is

there's an idea that dates back many is that says that all the evils of the

that says that all the evils of the world as has been pointed out here um

world as has been pointed out here um rise from religions from their

rise from religions from their fanaticism and from their beliefs in

fanaticism and from their beliefs in absolutely absurd

fantasies things that have nothing to do with nature with mankind etc. But we

with nature with mankind etc. But we what I believe is that we are involved

what I believe is that we are involved in is in a very significant cultural

in is in a very significant cultural struggle and we have to defend religions

struggle and we have to defend religions and we have to um defend the history of

and we have to um defend the history of religions and truth too. We also have

religions and truth too. We also have the obligation of being critical with

the obligation of being critical with ourselves or criticize religions because

ourselves or criticize religions because obviously this negative approach is

obviously this negative approach is based on well monstrous wars, terrible

based on well monstrous wars, terrible wars between different religions at

wars between different religions at certain periods in time in our history

certain periods in time in our history and which can even persist nowadays. So

and which can even persist nowadays. So therefore but above all but above all

therefore but above all but above all and

and as was mentioned here by one of the

as was mentioned here by one of the speakers we have to also look about the

speakers we have to also look about the present and the future. So Mr. Espinosa

present and the future. So Mr. Espinosa said that we have to talk about the

said that we have to talk about the negative things in a limited manner but

negative things in a limited manner but extensively about people's virtues. We

extensively about people's virtues. We have to talk about the past. We have to

have to talk about the past. We have to talk about the negative things so that

talk about the negative things so that we can learn so that things are not

we can learn so that things are not repeated again. But above all what we

repeated again. But above all what we have to do is we have to um say or refer

have to do is we have to um say or refer to the positive things that have been

to the positive things that have been done and always always uh focus on

done and always always uh focus on whatever is positive because optimism

whatever is positive because optimism anthropological optimism is also

anthropological optimism is also something that has been pointed out

something that has been pointed out here. The biggest treasure of mankind

here. The biggest treasure of mankind has to do with its legacy. And this

has to do with its legacy. And this legacy is something that we have to

legacy is something that we have to criticize. And we have to purify it as

criticize. And we have to purify it as best as we possibly can to eliminate its

best as we possibly can to eliminate its errors and uh eliminate any setbacks or

errors and uh eliminate any setbacks or negative things or misadjustments in

negative things or misadjustments in relation to human dignity.

Please, I'm going to finish with this. And uh what we believe is that with

And uh what we believe is that with religion, what happens is the same as

religion, what happens is the same as what happens with

what happens with diplomacy. When and taken separately,

diplomacy. When and taken separately, they're terrible, but when taken

they're terrible, but when taken together, they're wonderful. And

together, they're wonderful. And finally, the proposal comes from Fedrico

finally, the proposal comes from Fedrico Mayor

Mayor Saragoa.

Saragoa. Sorry. And he's saying, well, yes, he

Sorry. And he's saying, well, yes, he sent us an email. Fedrico mayor said yes

sent us an email. Fedrico mayor said yes the time has come for the citizens

the time has come for the citizens assembly to become involved and the

assembly to become involved and the United

United [Music]

[Music] Nations is um blocked by the security

Nations is um blocked by the security council. So we need to have that world

council. So we need to have that world citizens assembly and uh to point it out

citizens assembly and uh to point it out very briefly it would be the following.

very briefly it would be the following. So at the United Nations, whether it be

So at the United Nations, whether it be the Secretary General or the Alliance of

Civilizations, we call on the World Citizens Assembly to ratify approvals to

Citizens Assembly to ratify approvals to apply to apply the

apply to apply the um conclusions drawn by international

um conclusions drawn by international experts. So that's the basic idea here.

experts. So that's the basic idea here. So in other words that we have our

So in other words that we have our citizens to become involved at an

citizens to become involved at an international level so that they can

international level so that they can ratify this consensus proposal so that

ratify this consensus proposal so that the teams could be as pluristic as

the teams could be as pluristic as possible where different ideas are

possible where different ideas are expressed so that this can be ratified

expressed so that this can be ratified by the assembly. Thank you very much.

Welcome back to the uh to this uh panel discussion. I think you had a um a short

discussion. I think you had a um a short break. We are going to be shortly uh

break. We are going to be shortly uh listening to her excellency Miss Anna uh

listening to her excellency Miss Anna uh Redondo Garcia, Minister of Equality of

Redondo Garcia, Minister of Equality of Spain. After which we are going to be

Spain. After which we are going to be proceeding with the third round table

proceeding with the third round table for today. Women at the forefront the

for today. Women at the forefront the missing peace in advancing peace through

missing peace in advancing peace through um inclusion. Um and um Miss

um inclusion. Um and um Miss um

um Anarendo Garcia is ready I believe to

Anarendo Garcia is ready I believe to uh to deliver her um keynote speech.

Please join me in applauding the minister.

Thank you. It's a

you. It's a pleasure to be part of this meeting

pleasure to be part of this meeting organized by the United Nations and by

organized by the United Nations and by the United Nations Alliance for

the United Nations Alliance for Civilizations.

Civilizations. Thank you uh to Miguel

Thank you uh to Miguel Moratinos and thank you all for deciding

Moratinos and thank you all for deciding to be spend your time here this morning

to be spend your time here this morning because I believe we are in the right

because I believe we are in the right place and moment and that is really

place and moment and that is really important. This is a uh region that

important. This is a uh region that suffered 88 years ago one of the u

suffered 88 years ago one of the u biggest bomb attack in history. the

biggest bomb attack in history. the first attack on civil

first attack on civil society that is now part of our memory

society that is now part of our memory history and something that Pablo Picasso

history and something that Pablo Picasso represented in his wonderful uh painting

represented in his wonderful uh painting the

the Gika and we are going through uh complex

Gika and we are going through uh complex times but here we uh can be open to hope

times but here we uh can be open to hope because 88 years after that

because 88 years after that tragedy we find ourselves elves in GIA

tragedy we find ourselves elves in GIA um listening to each other, coexisting

um listening to each other, coexisting in a uh environment that is in peace

in a uh environment that is in peace with nature, with other towns and with

with nature, with other towns and with each other. That is the hope and

each other. That is the hope and symbolism of this town. And this is the

symbolism of this town. And this is the path that in this complex times that has

path that in this complex times that has been repeated by many of the uh

been repeated by many of the uh panelists in this times of change hope

panelists in this times of change hope is what allows us to move forward. Hope

is what allows us to move forward. Hope also in practice and through action

also in practice and through action through um action as I said before here

through um action as I said before here and now. And here and now we are in the

and now. And here and now we are in the symbol of resistance but also the

symbol of resistance but also the triumph of peace over war, coexistence

triumph of peace over war, coexistence over hate and uh the possibility of

over hate and uh the possibility of having an other world that we need to

having an other world that we need to build in alliance.

It is also true that uh the United Nations were created as a response to

Nations were created as a response to horror and war in the year 45 after two

horror and war in the year 45 after two world wars that had a filled of hate and

world wars that had a filled of hate and fear almost the whole world. A first

fear almost the whole world. A first world war that ended with 25 million

world war that ended with 25 million victims and a second world war very few

victims and a second world war very few years after with more than 50 million uh

years after with more than 50 million uh deaths and with an holocaust with so

deaths and with an holocaust with so much violence and with so much haste we

much violence and with so much haste we have the rise of hope through the United

have the rise of hope through the United Nations and this great alliance

Nations and this great alliance the great alliance of the different

the great alliance of the different nations of the world coming together to

nations of the world coming together to imagine a new way, a different way of

imagine a new way, a different way of solving conflict and not only the

solving conflict and not only the domination of a powerful uh and not only

domination of a powerful uh and not only those that have more weapons being able

those that have more weapons being able to be uh in a dominating position.

to be uh in a dominating position. This dream built uh between different

This dream built uh between different countries and nationalities,

countries and nationalities, organizations, organizations of civil

organizations, organizations of civil society, young people and not so young

society, young people and not so young people at different

levels with this multilateral situation that is now uh

that is now uh questioned. We had the capacity of uh uh

questioned. We had the capacity of uh uh generating at the time a dream and this

generating at the time a dream and this dream cannot end here and there are

dream cannot end here and there are serious

risks because the issue is will we be able to

able to uh resist will this peace constructions

uh resist will this peace constructions be able to resist to this movement

be able to resist to this movement against peace and the progress of

against peace and the progress of violence. Will we be able to resist?

violence. Will we be able to resist? Will the UN be able to resist this

Will the UN be able to resist this alliance? Will we be able to

alliance? Will we be able to sufficiently reinforce it? Because maybe

sufficiently reinforce it? Because maybe this is one of the

this is one of the issues. What have we been able to

issues. What have we been able to achieve? Have we really reinforced what

achieve? Have we really reinforced what brought us together in this institutions

brought us together in this institutions of collaboration, dialogue and peace?

of collaboration, dialogue and peace? We've progressed in international law in

We've progressed in international law in such a way that all countries can trust

such a way that all countries can trust international law. Is it really

international law. Is it really effective and

effective and efficient or there's still so much uh to

efficient or there's still so much uh to be uh done yet? We also need to um be

be uh done yet? We also need to um be self-critic and be aware of course that

self-critic and be aware of course that we've been able to give a big steps

we've been able to give a big steps forwards but not in the agile manner

forwards but not in the agile manner that we should have to be able to

that we should have to be able to currently have a robust alternative to

currently have a robust alternative to hate violence and war. But in any case,

hate violence and war. But in any case, we are here which is something we should

we are here which is something we should be uh proud of. We should be proud of it

be uh proud of. We should be proud of it as a society and it's something that

as a society and it's something that gives us

hope when facing this wave of hate and violence. We should be able to

violence. We should be able to react like a tsunami of

react like a tsunami of regeneration which means doing things

regeneration which means doing things better in the best way possible being

better in the best way possible being more agile in our response. We have the

more agile in our response. We have the tools, we have the knowhow, we have the

tools, we have the knowhow, we have the experience and we need to

experience and we need to um implement it in an agile and

um implement it in an agile and immediate manner.

immediate manner. So as I was saying we are in the

So as I was saying we are in the um right uh time and uh

um right uh time and uh place because uh none of us even we in

place because uh none of us even we in the position in government don't decide

the position in government don't decide what the geopolitical context

what the geopolitical context surrounding us is going to be. It's a

surrounding us is going to be. It's a given but we do decide how we respond to

given but we do decide how we respond to those challenges. how we are able

those challenges. how we are able to respond in a way that we are building

to respond in a way that we are building on the present and the

on the present and the future making things better for most of

future making things better for most of our citizens. That is our what we need

our citizens. That is our what we need to do to respond to do things

to do to respond to do things differently to uh um respond to violence

differently to uh um respond to violence and hate by reinforcing the values and

and hate by reinforcing the values and principles that uh bring us together.

principles that uh bring us together. Being fully convinced that peace is the

Being fully convinced that peace is the only path. The pa peace with our

only path. The pa peace with our surroundings. Peace in the planet. a

surroundings. Peace in the planet. a planet that has been exploited for so

planet that has been exploited for so many years. Also peace with other uh

many years. Also peace with other uh people, with other countries, but also

people, with other countries, but also peace amongst the

citizens. Maybe now dialogue is more difficult, but dialogue is the path to

difficult, but dialogue is the path to peace. Only when we listen and we

peace. Only when we listen and we understand and we want to understand the

understand and we want to understand the different voices, we are able to have a

different voices, we are able to have a context and a global perspective, a

context and a global perspective, a general overview, understanding and

general overview, understanding and being empathetic with the other,

being empathetic with the other, understanding what their problem and

understanding what their problem and their problems and needs are. And this

their problems and needs are. And this dialogue that uh happened in the year

dialogue that uh happened in the year 45, 50, 60 face difficulties but is

45, 50, 60 face difficulties but is maybe a bit more simple currently with

maybe a bit more simple currently with [Music]

[Music] um all the media that makes things uh

um all the media that makes things uh more polarized.

more polarized. um social

um social um networks uh isolate us isolate us uh

um networks uh isolate us isolate us uh with what we want to uh listen uh to. So

with what we want to uh listen uh to. So there is a connection with the

there is a connection with the prejudices

prejudices and preconceptions of the world which uh

and preconceptions of the world which uh makes us uh be further from

makes us uh be further from understanding others and

understanding others and uh

uh understanding other ways of seeing

understanding other ways of seeing things living and being.

So this is the big difficulty we face nowadays in this geopolitical situation

nowadays in this geopolitical situation that is so complex. That's why we need

that is so complex. That's why we need to uh break uh with this self reference

to uh break uh with this self reference of uh what we perceive and we need to uh

of uh what we perceive and we need to uh open uh paths for dialogue, alliance and

open uh paths for dialogue, alliance and understanding of diversity because

understanding of diversity because diversity is human. We are all diverse.

diversity is human. We are all diverse. Therefore, respect to diversity and

Therefore, respect to diversity and others is fundamental. So as I was

others is fundamental. So as I was saying what's important is the way in

saying what's important is the way in which we face this complexities this

which we face this complexities this problems this extremely complex world

problems this extremely complex world that we've created uh

together I believe there's one only way of responding if we want to create peace

of responding if we want to create peace and

and it's a response uh that comes out from

it's a response uh that comes out from the uh inside response of uh countries,

the uh inside response of uh countries, regions,

regions, municipalities and even uh neighbors

municipalities and even uh neighbors associations and other organizations and

associations and other organizations and also there is the international

also there is the international response. So we can uh have an immediate

response. So we can uh have an immediate response where we need to build on

response where we need to build on democracy. We've talked

democracy. We've talked about working on citizenship and uh we

about working on citizenship and uh we also need to focus on democracy and we

also need to focus on democracy and we need to focus on this daily here and now

need to focus on this daily here and now as the uh represent one of the panelists

as the uh represent one of the panelists um mentioned this morning

um mentioned this morning and we build uh citizenship and

and we build uh citizenship and democracy. What does this mean? It means

democracy. What does this mean? It means working on equality, equal rights, equal

working on equality, equal rights, equal duties, equal

duties, equal freedoms. Equality is fundamental.

freedoms. Equality is fundamental. Democracies are built on uh the rule of

Democracies are built on uh the rule of law, which means we're all equal before

law, which means we're all equal before the law. This is the first

the law. This is the first revolution, but this is not enough. Rule

revolution, but this is not enough. Rule of law is not enough. And democracy goes

of law is not enough. And democracy goes beyond we are democratic states which

beyond we are democratic states which implies a equal

implies a equal participation vote and

participation vote and representation and the first inequality

representation and the first inequality and that's why I'm here it's the

and that's why I'm here it's the inequality between women and men that

inequality between women and men that imposition of the

imposition of the patriarchy and how as women as a 51% of

patriarchy and how as women as a 51% of society we are not always equal So

society we are not always equal So building democracy is building equality

building democracy is building equality so that women are present in all levels

so that women are present in all levels at the same way as men having the same

at the same way as men having the same opportunities

opportunities because of course we need to have the

because of course we need to have the power in our hands to be able to change

power in our hands to be able to change things. We need to transform and we need

things. We need to transform and we need to be uh present at all levels to be

to be uh present at all levels to be able to um contribute to this

able to um contribute to this transformation. And

transformation. And finally the uh social uh state that

finally the uh social uh state that means that this equality before the

means that this equality before the law is seen clearly in our daily lives.

law is seen clearly in our daily lives. We have the same access to services,

We have the same access to services, education and different resources,

education and different resources, access at the end of the day to whatever

access at the end of the day to whatever you want to uh your life to

you want to uh your life to become.

become. So we work with more democracy and

So we work with more democracy and equality and thus we will be able to

equality and thus we will be able to build a peace at all levels between us

build a peace at all levels between us between uh different uh people and

between uh different uh people and between nations and states. And finally,

between nations and states. And finally, international peace. The response at an

international peace. The response at an international level

international level that has its origin in equality, the

that has its origin in equality, the equality between the people and in the

equality between the people and in the acknowledgment of the different states

acknowledgment of the different states and of the

and of the other. It is true that we coexist with

other. It is true that we coexist with violence and war. Some of them are

violence and war. Some of them are terrible and very recent like the one in

terrible and very recent like the one in Gaza or the one in Ukraine that doesn't

Gaza or the one in Ukraine that doesn't seem to have a clear international

seem to have a clear international response to be able to um get peace or

response to be able to um get peace or the situation in Afghanistan where women

the situation in Afghanistan where women have no freedoms nor rights there.

have no freedoms nor rights there. Fourth category, citizens or in Sudan or

Fourth category, citizens or in Sudan or in

in um Africa where there's countries where

um Africa where there's countries where violence and war continue to be present

violence and war continue to be present as international community. We also need

as international community. We also need to respond to all this terrible

to respond to all this terrible situations

situations generating so much horror,

generating so much horror, tragedy,

tragedy, disagreement and

disagreement and um deep pain. And we need to do this in

um deep pain. And we need to do this in the only way that we know is possible.

the only way that we know is possible. And that is with the understanding

And that is with the understanding between different states and countries

between different states and countries always respecting sovereignty uh

always respecting sovereignty uh international law and generating

international law and generating alliances. The uh alliance of

alliances. The uh alliance of civilizations was an open window to

civilizations was an open window to hope. this breath of fresh air that

hope. this breath of fresh air that filled us of the happiness of continuing

filled us of the happiness of continuing to build bridges together and this

to build bridges together and this alliance of civilizations that today we

alliance of civilizations that today we demand is connected with our realities

demand is connected with our realities at all levels. So from the Spanish

at all levels. So from the Spanish government, I would also like to uh say

government, I would also like to uh say that uh we are part of this alliance

that uh we are part of this alliance um as part of the feminist alliance

um as part of the feminist alliance because we are talking about equality

because we are talking about equality that at the end of the day is exactly

that at the end of the day is exactly the same thing. We work on an alliance

the same thing. We work on an alliance for equality and peace. At the end of

for equality and peace. At the end of the day, the alliance that will allow

the day, the alliance that will allow and will be the origin to uh creating a

and will be the origin to uh creating a multilateral and multi-level society and

multilateral and multi-level society and how do we build a feminist alliance and

how do we build a feminist alliance and how do we incorporate it in the alliance

how do we incorporate it in the alliance of

of civilizations in the UN. Recently we had

civilizations in the UN. Recently we had the opportunity of uh uh presenting this

the opportunity of uh uh presenting this proposal that was uh very well received

proposal that was uh very well received because I believe there is a clear will

because I believe there is a clear will of building uh for the future and

of building uh for the future and working in peace for a common project

working in peace for a common project and I believe and I will be uh finishing

and I believe and I will be uh finishing with this that I think we have to work

with this that I think we have to work on three aspect or three elements taking

on three aspect or three elements taking into account the

into account the complex and violent

complex and violent situation we are going through uh

situation we are going through uh nowadays. First of all, we need to find

nowadays. First of all, we need to find allies. Those countries that really want

allies. Those countries that really want to uh work together and I believe there

to uh work together and I believe there are many many countries working uh on

are many many countries working uh on creating alliances to work uh together.

creating alliances to work uh together. countries that have uh

countries that have uh um

um progresses, governments that have uh uh

progresses, governments that have uh uh advanced where equality is one of the

advanced where equality is one of the main elements for their policies. So we

main elements for their policies. So we need to work at a multilateral level in

need to work at a multilateral level in international uh uh bodies fundamentally

international uh uh bodies fundamentally in the UN but not only we also need to

in the UN but not only we also need to be able secondly to work at different

be able secondly to work at different levels. What does this mean? It means

levels. What does this mean? It means working with other administrations at a

working with other administrations at a regional level with autonomous

regional level with autonomous communities here with the Basque country

communities here with the Basque country that uh has taken the lead in many

that uh has taken the lead in many aspects and policies to uh take and

aspects and policies to uh take and learn from those things that are being

learn from those things that are being done well by others and understanding

done well by others and understanding that this alliance is very important.

that this alliance is very important. Municipality Alliance 2 as Carlos from

Municipality Alliance 2 as Carlos from Saudia said because they are the

Saudia said because they are the administration level that is most aware

administration level that is most aware of what the problems for the citizens

of what the problems for the citizens are and are able to solve them.

are and are able to solve them. Therefore, we need to

Therefore, we need to structure multilevel solutions. We need

structure multilevel solutions. We need to get to know each other and create a

to get to know each other and create a dialogue like in this space today. We

dialogue like in this space today. We need to multiply these kind of spaces to

need to multiply these kind of spaces to be able to um get together at different

be able to um get together at different levels and of course with civil society

levels and of course with civil society and with

and with citizens organized um uh uh citizens as

citizens organized um uh uh citizens as we've seen today uh that uh move the

we've seen today uh that uh move the world and the will of uh countries and

world and the will of uh countries and governments. Therefore, we need to

governments. Therefore, we need to listen to them. We need to learn from

listen to them. We need to learn from them. We need to continue talking with

them. We need to continue talking with civil society and uh uh work at

civil society and uh uh work at different levels. And

different levels. And thirdly, we need to include these issues

thirdly, we need to include these issues in the political agenda. We need to uh

in the political agenda. We need to uh focus on these issues because the

focus on these issues because the political agenda and I can say this

political agenda and I can say this after being in the government of Spain

after being in the government of Spain for a year and a half. The political

for a year and a half. The political agenda sometimes is changed because of

agenda sometimes is changed because of the need to provide a response to those

the need to provide a response to those issues that arise each and every day

issues that arise each and every day that make things more complex. Sometimes

that make things more complex. Sometimes we leave the significant things on the

we leave the significant things on the side to solve the immediate and urgent

side to solve the immediate and urgent problems because we need to um make

problems because we need to um make these things that are important and

these things that are important and significant what's really uh urgent and

significant what's really uh urgent and what we need to uh be part of with the

what we need to uh be part of with the political agenda. The political agenda

political agenda. The political agenda needs to be a peace agenda. An agenda

needs to be a peace agenda. An agenda that um builds on equality, provides

that um builds on equality, provides equal opportunities, equality between

equal opportunities, equality between women and men and equality to face uh

women and men and equality to face uh disabilities, differences, poverty,

disabilities, differences, poverty, diversity and this uh uh world that is

diversity and this uh uh world that is uh continually continuously changing. So

uh continually continuously changing. So I believe in the here and now. I believe

I believe in the here and now. I believe that we should be responsible taking

that we should be responsible taking into account current times. We haven't

into account current times. We haven't chosen this uh situation but we are

chosen this uh situation but we are responsible uh for what is happening and

responsible uh for what is happening and therefore we need to work on this daily

therefore we need to work on this daily to provide a response. The government of

to provide a response. The government of Spain is fully committed with this

Spain is fully committed with this agenda that is an international agenda

agenda that is an international agenda of course in multilateral uh bodies, the

of course in multilateral uh bodies, the UN, but an agenda that goes beyond

UN, but an agenda that goes beyond beyond an agenda that connects with each

beyond an agenda that connects with each and every citizen with all

and every citizen with all administration levels and with civil

administration levels and with civil society. And uh when we will continue

society. And uh when we will continue working, we will um continue

working, we will um continue incorporating resources which is also

incorporating resources which is also very important.

very important. Resources are necessary. Without

Resources are necessary. Without resources, we'll never make any

resources, we'll never make any progress. And we also have to be

progress. And we also have to be committed to increasing our cooperation

committed to increasing our cooperation resources and also increasing our

resources and also increasing our resources so that we can strengthen

resources so that we can strengthen these alliances. UN women needs

these alliances. UN women needs resources. the alliance of civilization

resources. the alliance of civilization also and uh we need this as bodies as

also and uh we need this as bodies as administrations or as states too. We

administrations or as states too. We also have to recognize this priority and

also have to recognize this priority and we must implement these resources so

we must implement these resources so that we can set into motion all of these

that we can set into motion all of these mechanisms which will be those that will

mechanisms which will be those that will serve to build a much better world a

serve to build a much better world a world at peace. And I would like to

world at peace. And I would like to conclude with uh what I'm what one of

conclude with uh what I'm what one of the participants mentioned previously

the participants mentioned previously and that is that we cannot uh leave

and that is that we cannot uh leave lagging behind the younger people and

lagging behind the younger people and education is fundamental. We need this

education is fundamental. We need this piece dynamic to be included in schools

piece dynamic to be included in schools because building the future is all about

because building the future is all about starting to work in the present

starting to work in the present education and sometimes the element that

education and sometimes the element that are not incorporated that are not

are not incorporated that are not incorporated as thoroughly or as

incorporated as thoroughly or as intensely as we should with the

intensely as we should with the educational systems. We need to educate

educational systems. We need to educate for peace. We need the generations that

for peace. We need the generations that now are somewhat um perplexed and uh

now are somewhat um perplexed and uh that look at the world through the

that look at the world through the social media. They must bear in mind

social media. They must bear in mind that it's a world in which we don't

that it's a world in which we don't build a peace on a daily basis is a

build a peace on a daily basis is a world that could become very dangerous

world that could become very dangerous and it's a world that is not going to

and it's a world that is not going to meet the basic of human rights which is

meet the basic of human rights which is the right to feel hopeful. So with all

the right to feel hopeful. So with all of these things that I wanted to put

of these things that I wanted to put across to you today that I wanted to

across to you today that I wanted to share with you, what we're going to do

share with you, what we're going to do is now carry on learning and listen to

is now carry on learning and listen to what other people have to say. Many

what other people have to say. Many thanks Mig because you are allowing us

thanks Mig because you are allowing us to learn. You're allowing us to listen

to learn. You're allowing us to listen to each other and you're allowing us to

to each other and you're allowing us to extend our vision of the world too.

extend our vision of the world too. Thank you very much.

[Music] Hello, good afternoon. I would like to

Hello, good afternoon. I would like to kick off by thanking you as other people

kick off by thanking you as other people have already done. I would like to thank

have already done. I would like to thank you for organizing this uh very

you for organizing this uh very important event. Many thanks to the

important event. Many thanks to the Alliance of Civilizations and many

Alliance of Civilizations and many thanks to the Gerika Town Council and

thanks to the Gerika Town Council and Religions for Peace too. And this is one

Religions for Peace too. And this is one of the previous participants said that

of the previous participants said that this is like an island of hope and that

this is like an island of hope and that is what I've perceived too. And I think

is what I've perceived too. And I think that I'm speaking on behalf of the

that I'm speaking on behalf of the organization I represent because we are

organization I represent because we are living in very somber times because the

living in very somber times because the minister has spoken about these

minister has spoken about these challenges and these threats we're

challenges and these threats we're dealing with. And I think that many of

dealing with. And I think that many of you and I think that it's already been

you and I think that it's already been mentioned previously. I think that all

mentioned previously. I think that all of you know about this clock of the end

of you know about this clock of the end of the world that was established in the

of the world that was established in the 1947 to evaluate and to draw people's

1947 to evaluate and to draw people's attention to the nuclear threat during

attention to the nuclear threat during the cold war. And this

the cold war. And this clock that a number of experts and

clock that a number of experts and scientists as well as individuals from

scientists as well as individuals from civil society and um people working for

civil society and um people working for international organizations what they do

international organizations what they do is evaluate this on an annual basis in

is evaluate this on an annual basis in the light of uh current um events and

the light of uh current um events and what they are talking about is being

what they are talking about is being closer or further away from this

closer or further away from this midnight that represents the end of the

midnight that represents the end of the world. And as you many of you people

world. And as you many of you people know, it was in January this year when

know, it was in January this year when this clock was getting a little bit

this clock was getting a little bit closer to that midnight. It was 1 second

closer to that midnight. It was 1 second closer, which meant that it was uh 89

closer, which meant that it was uh 89 seconds away from that midnight. So this

seconds away from that midnight. So this does not only draw our attention because

does not only draw our attention because of how serious the situation is, but

of how serious the situation is, but also applies pressure on us because

also applies pressure on us because there's an urgency. So we don't have

there's an urgency. So we don't have much time to solve these problems that

much time to solve these problems that we are currently addressing. Although

we are currently addressing. Although fortunately we do know that there are

fortunately we do know that there are certain things that make our strategies

certain things that make our strategies work and one of them has to do with the

work and one of them has to do with the participation of women in peace

participation of women in peace processes. Please allow me to give you

processes. Please allow me to give you some data very quickly before moving on

some data very quickly before moving on to this uh panel of extraordinary

to this uh panel of extraordinary experts. It's a tremendous luxury to

experts. It's a tremendous luxury to have these people here with us today so

have these people here with us today so that we can also discuss this because

that we can also discuss this because they all want to hold a conversation and

they all want to hold a conversation and I think that it's going to be very

I think that it's going to be very interesting and the international peace

interesting and the international peace institute in one of its studies

institute in one of its studies underscored that the participation of

underscored that the participation of women increases the probability of uh

women increases the probability of uh having a longlasting peace accord at

having a longlasting peace accord at least for two years that increases this

least for two years that increases this by 20%. So if women are involved, we can

by 20%. So if women are involved, we can guarantee that this peace uh agreement

guarantee that this peace uh agreement will prevail over time. But this peace

will prevail over time. But this peace agreement 15 years down the road

agreement 15 years down the road increases another 35% that is it's being

increases another 35% that is it's being inforced if women are involved. So there

inforced if women are involved. So there are more than 100

are more than 100 studies that show similar data. But we

studies that show similar data. But we don't only have these comments from

don't only have these comments from civil society from the world of academia

civil society from the world of academia but the um United Nations adopted a

but the um United Nations adopted a resolution on peace, women and security

resolution on peace, women and security or safety where they spoke about the

or safety where they spoke about the relevant role that is played by women in

relevant role that is played by women in terms of prevention and conflict

terms of prevention and conflict resolution and they spoke about the

resolution and they spoke about the importance of having women in peace

importance of having women in peace negotiations to consolidate peace and to

negotiations to consolidate peace and to maintain peace.

maintain peace. Okay, so 25 years later, UN Women

Okay, so 25 years later, UN Women presents data for 2023 and it seems that

presents data for 2023 and it seems that it's only 9.6% of the negotiators are

it's only 9.6% of the negotiators are women and

women and 13.7% of the mediators are women or

13.7% of the mediators are women or 26.6% of those uh people that sign the

26.6% of those uh people that sign the peace agreements are women. Okay. Well,

peace agreements are women. Okay. Well, the secretary general of the United

the secretary general of the United Nations

Nations um is has asked us this very year to

um is has asked us this very year to guarantee the full and equalitarian and

guarantee the full and equalitarian and significant participation of women in

significant participation of women in the consolidation of peace. But I would

the consolidation of peace. But I would like to introduce our panelists because

like to introduce our panelists because they are all going to be talking about

they are all going to be talking about why it is so important for us women to

why it is so important for us women to be involved in these processes.

be involved in these processes. And please allow me to introduce these

And please allow me to introduce these uh ladies. Firstly, we have Isabel

uh ladies. Firstly, we have Isabel Romero Aras who's the chairperson of the

Romero Aras who's the chairperson of the Lasuentes

Lasuentes Foundation. And then we have Anna Baro

Foundation. And then we have Anna Baro who's the director of Fundura Death and

who's the director of Fundura Death and also the chairperson of a path. We have

also the chairperson of a path. We have Maria Oanguran who's the director of

Maria Oanguran who's the director of Gernika Goratus. We have Eva Salana

Gernika Goratus. We have Eva Salana who's the executive director of Green

who's the executive director of Green Peace in Spain and Portugal and Marta

Peace in Spain and Portugal and Marta Iglius who's responsible for the

Iglius who's responsible for the Department of International Action in

Department of International Action in favor of peace right the MPDL. Well,

favor of peace right the MPDL. Well, this is the first question I have for

this is the first question I have for you people. Why is it essential to

you people. Why is it essential to include women in peace processes and uh

include women in peace processes and uh could you please name some of the

could you please name some of the elements that uh make these uh

elements that uh make these uh agreements be more efficacious or more

agreements be more efficacious or more durable?

durable? Please go

ahead. That microphone doesn't seem to be working very well.

Now it's on. Well, thank you very much for coming here to this uh meeting.

for coming here to this uh meeting. We know that international legality has

We know that international legality has been ignored and uh with lots of

been ignored and uh with lots of impunity in these disturbing times and

impunity in these disturbing times and uh it's important what Carmen Marayon

uh it's important what Carmen Marayon said before and that is that we are very

said before and that is that we are very grateful for holding this event at this

grateful for holding this event at this point in time at the Spanish Association

point in time at the Spanish Association for the investigation of peace which is

for the investigation of peace which is the network that covers the foundations

the network that covers the foundations and university institutions and NOS's in

and university institutions and NOS's in Spain.

Spain. It's great for us to join here to join

It's great for us to join here to join our efforts and we are at the disposal

our efforts and we are at the disposal of the alliance for whatever has to be

of the alliance for whatever has to be done and for this uh feminist alliance

done and for this uh feminist alliance that has just been presented by the

that has just been presented by the minister and many many thanks too for u

minister and many many thanks too for u her for the commitment of the Spanish

her for the commitment of the Spanish government that she has pointed out here

government that she has pointed out here with the to um construct peace and

with the to um construct peace and regards the issue that you were asking

regards the issue that you were asking about Maria and that is why is it

about Maria and that is why is it important for women to become involved

important for women to become involved in these peace processes and the

in these peace processes and the construction of peace. Here I would also

construction of peace. Here I would also well Gin Marayon mentioned this

well Gin Marayon mentioned this previously in her intervention and this

previously in her intervention and this he could be on this panel too because

he could be on this panel too because she's one of the references of pacifist

she's one of the references of pacifist feminism for all of us and women women

feminism for all of us and women women have felt appeal to and

have felt appeal to and they felt feel associated with peace and

they felt feel associated with peace and and sometimes not because we women are

and sometimes not because we women are peaceful by nature. No, it's not that.

peaceful by nature. No, it's not that. And we at the pacifist movement and at

And we at the pacifist movement and at the research center for peace we say

the research center for peace we say that this is a social construction and

that this is a social construction and it's also a culture that has been built

it's also a culture that has been built and we have focused on looking after

and we have focused on looking after life. So in other words, we care for

life. So in other words, we care for life and uh we've been kept away from

life and uh we've been kept away from the spheres of power and from the

the spheres of power and from the decision making spheres and so it's very

decision making spheres and so it's very complex but in any case in this regard

complex but in any case in this regard we women have always been very united

we women have always been very united and associated with the peace cause

and associated with the peace cause regardless of your social and political

regardless of your social and political origins. And we've all um complained

origins. And we've all um complained against uh wars and violence and we set

against uh wars and violence and we set up support networks uh collaboration

up support networks uh collaboration networks and we've also spoken aloud and

networks and we've also spoken aloud and we have demonstrated or marched on the

we have demonstrated or marched on the streets to show that there are other

streets to show that there are other ways of um operating individually and

ways of um operating individually and collectively through the peoples and

collectively through the peoples and also between nations. And here there's

also between nations. And here there's an example that I would about to mention

an example that I would about to mention that has to do with the International

that has to do with the International League of Women for Peace and Freedom.

League of Women for Peace and Freedom. And several of us form part of that

And several of us form part of that organization, Maria and Carmen and the

organization, Maria and Carmen and the first pacifist feminist organization of

first pacifist feminist organization of the world that that that was created in

the world that that that was created in 1915 with women from different

1915 with women from different countries, both belligerent and neutral

countries, both belligerent and neutral countries met up in the Hague to ask uh

countries met up in the Hague to ask uh to to the end of the madness of war, but

to to the end of the madness of war, but also to make proposals to make proposals

also to make proposals to make proposals to ask countries to uh implement actions

to ask countries to uh implement actions to build peace for there to be a

to build peace for there to be a permanent peace. And well, there were a

permanent peace. And well, there were a number of resolutions and proposals. And

number of resolutions and proposals. And apart from um complaining against the

apart from um complaining against the wars, that there also be um dialogue and

wars, that there also be um dialogue and mediation instruments for conflict

mediation instruments for conflict resolution and that a major conference

resolution and that a major conference be organized involving women. And they

be organized involving women. And they all have they've asked for them to be

all have they've asked for them to be present because uh

societies and especially in those societies that are affected by

societies that are affected by conflicts, women in their daily

conflicts, women in their daily practices

practices um here to favor mediation, dialogue and

um here to favor mediation, dialogue and conflict resolution because they are

conflict resolution because they are perfectly familiar with that reality.

perfectly familiar with that reality. And this is something that government

And this is something that government mentioned before. And this experience

mentioned before. And this experience that we women have acquired over the

that we women have acquired over the years is fundamental to build peace. And

years is fundamental to build peace. And being involved in women peace processes

being involved in women peace processes guarantees that these peace processes

guarantees that these peace processes that are implemented to put an end to

that are implemented to put an end to war and violence. Well, this

war and violence. Well, this participation of women

guarantee that destruction and violence that is produced against the civil

that is produced against the civil society be taken into account of those

society be taken into account of those processes because they have been

processes because they have been firsthand witnesses and they have

firsthand witnesses and they have suffered from that.

So, and what we don't do is uh take into account measures for these situations to

account measures for these situations to be addressed properly. These situations

be addressed properly. These situations of destruction and women

of destruction and women also um include an inclusive approach to

also um include an inclusive approach to security and they address several other

security and they address several other issues that have to do with social

issues that have to do with social affairs and economic affairs that are

affairs and economic affairs that are absolutely fundamental for the

absolutely fundamental for the population to um perhaps um I don't know

population to um perhaps um I don't know uh address the what causes conflicts and

uh address the what causes conflicts and to be able to prevent things. So in

to be able to prevent things. So in these situations of conflict, it is

these situations of conflict, it is fundamental

fundamental for to maintain peace and to reach those

for to maintain peace and to reach those agreements that have to be sustainable

agreements that have to be sustainable so that violence will not be repeated

so that violence will not be repeated and

and therefore carry out a reconstruction

therefore carry out a reconstruction reconstruction that is inclusive and

reconstruction that is inclusive and equalian and nonpatriarchal. And this is

equalian and nonpatriarchal. And this is the objective that we have to achieve.

the objective that we have to achieve. And this is why we need to have the

And this is why we need to have the participation of women as a fundamental

participation of women as a fundamental element. And we have the resolution

element. And we have the resolution 1325. The international community

1325. The international community recognizes this role for the first time

recognizes this role for the first time after a very significant movement from

after a very significant movement from uh the feminist associations. And this

uh the feminist associations. And this was recognized the role was recognized

was recognized the role was recognized for the first time to be played by women

for the first time to be played by women at the construction of peace. And what

at the construction of peace. And what was also recognized is that they are the

was also recognized is that they are the object of a very specific kind of gender

object of a very specific kind of gender violence which was recognized for the

violence which was recognized for the first time and it's an important thing

first time and it's an important thing that is the role that women play and uh

that is the role that women play and uh well it's resolution 1325 that whereby

well it's resolution 1325 that whereby governments have to become committed and

governments have to become committed and to support women

Well, I have to table something here because I think that this is something

because I think that this is something that we are all going to agree with. I

that we are all going to agree with. I believe that what we need is time and

believe that what we need is time and I'm not sure about you, but I think I

I'm not sure about you, but I think I can't stretch my life any further

can't stretch my life any further because we are the people that are in

because we are the people that are in charge of work, life, balance things

charge of work, life, balance things because that's what the patriarchy wants

because that's what the patriarchy wants us to do. But in the case I have no more

us to do. But in the case I have no more tasks or have no more room for any more

tasks or have no more room for any more tasks in my life and I'm talking about

tasks in my life and I'm talking about political decisions because when you

political decisions because when you talk about the issue of uh births that

talk about the issue of uh births that there are not enough children but on the

there are not enough children but on the one hand we women have to deal with a

one hand we women have to deal with a challenge because people are saying oh

challenge because people are saying oh look we are aging societies and so on

look we are aging societies and so on and so forth but in the other hand but

and so forth but in the other hand but wait a minute you also have to be

wait a minute you also have to be efficient you also have to solve

efficient you also have to solve conflicts and you have to be present on

conflicts and you have to be present on all fronts and you have to cover

all fronts and you have to cover absolutely everything. Well, here we

absolutely everything. Well, here we need policies that will allow us women

need policies that will allow us women to have enough time, enough time in our

to have enough time, enough time in our lives so that we can address those

lives so that we can address those things that each one of us wants to

things that each one of us wants to address. And secondly, so that we can

address. And secondly, so that we can address the social challenges that we

address the social challenges that we are going to have to face. So that we

are going to have to face. So that we can be able to articulate those things

can be able to articulate those things that we can see that have to do with our

that we can see that have to do with our immediate daily reality. so that we can

immediate daily reality. so that we can then transfer this to the social plate.

then transfer this to the social plate. And this is the first thing that I was

And this is the first thing that I was just giving some thought to.

just giving some thought to. And it's not just two or three months of

And it's not just two or three months of maternity leave or shared paternity and

maternity leave or shared paternity and maternity leave. No, we're talking about

maternity leave. No, we're talking about a social issue at least in our western

a social issue at least in our western society. And if we women don't have

society. And if we women don't have enough time to carry on doing this and

enough time to carry on doing this and nobody else is going to be able to get

nobody else is going to be able to get this done, it's going to be very

this done, it's going to be very difficult for us because we're going to

difficult for us because we're going to have to take away time from other things

have to take away time from other things so that we can address these challenges

so that we can address these challenges that people are posing and because if

that people are posing and because if the women if the voice of women is

the women if the voice of women is necessary, we need to have the

necessary, we need to have the possibility of it being necessary and

possibility of it being necessary and without renouncing anything of course

without renouncing anything of course because I think that this is the other

because I think that this is the other issue and then each woman can do

issue and then each woman can do whatever ever they want. But we should

whatever ever they want. But we should not renounce absolutely anything. And

not renounce absolutely anything. And this is the first thing that I wanted to

this is the first thing that I wanted to point out here today so that we can

point out here today so that we can later on start talking about violence,

later on start talking about violence, about conflict resolution and about many

about conflict resolution and about many other issues. So I'm going to stop here

other issues. So I'm going to stop here and if you want later on we can carry on

and if you want later on we can carry on with other

with other subjects. Sorry that microphone is not

subjects. Sorry that microphone is not working now. It's on now. But could you

working now. It's on now. But could you speak about some of the barriers that

uh that are impeding women from participating? Who wants to speak now?

participating? Who wants to speak now? Emma. Well, the first thing is thank you

Emma. Well, the first thing is thank you very much to the town of Gandika for

very much to the town of Gandika for having us here today. Many thanks to the

having us here today. Many thanks to the organizers too. Many many thanks for the

organizers too. Many many thanks for the invitation. The truth is that it's a

invitation. The truth is that it's a tremendous luxury to be here. I'm not an

tremendous luxury to be here. I'm not an expert in peace issues but I do have to

expert in peace issues but I do have to present another component that is very

present another component that is very important that was mentioned in the

important that was mentioned in the previous panels and when green peace was

previous panels and when green peace was born and it was born with the thanks to

born and it was born with the thanks to the power of people and it was born

the power of people and it was born through the anti-uclear anti-militarist

through the anti-uclear anti-militarist movements and pacifist movements and the

movements and pacifist movements and the ecological movements and feminist

ecological movements and feminist movements of the 70s our

founders thought yes we want peace and we want to have it green and this is

we want to have it green and this is where the name Green Peace comes from

where the name Green Peace comes from because I think that this is the

because I think that this is the essential component that we are

essential component that we are currently experiencing and uh

currently experiencing and uh well women women are greatly impacted by

well women women are greatly impacted by this. They are impacted by conflicts,

this. They are impacted by conflicts, but they're also impacted by a model

but they're also impacted by a model that is a capitalist and patriarchal

that is a capitalist and patriarchal colonialist. And I could carry on with a

colonialist. And I could carry on with a very extensive list of definitions and

very extensive list of definitions and names, but this

names, but this socioeconomic model that is

socioeconomic model that is present when you not only that, but

present when you not only that, but you're also a woman, a colored woman

you're also a woman, a colored woman in certain part of the world, the impact

in certain part of the world, the impact is even double or triple or quadruple.

is even double or triple or quadruple. And this is one of the most important

And this is one of the most important elements and one of the most limiting

elements and one of the most limiting factors for the inclusion of women in

factors for the inclusion of women in anything. And of

anything. And of course the nonsexual division of labor

course the nonsexual division of labor and uh time and then the fact that we

and uh time and then the fact that we are completely impacted by a very strong

are completely impacted by a very strong socioeconomic model that is going beyond

socioeconomic model that is going beyond all the planetary limits. In other

all the planetary limits. In other words, the only planet where we can live

words, the only planet where we can live as far as we know that is

as far as we know that is is completely

is completely impacted or seven out of the nine

impacted or seven out of the nine planetary limits have been uh exceeded

planetary limits have been uh exceeded and we are now posing a problem for

and we are now posing a problem for mankind. It's a big issue and as a women

mankind. It's a big issue and as a women war is a double problem so to

war is a double problem so to speak and for me this is one of the

speak and for me this is one of the important elements that has to be

important elements that has to be addressed and our colleague from Suda

addressed and our colleague from Suda before said that peace is not the

before said that peace is not the absence of war nor the absence of

absence of war nor the absence of conflicts and there lots of violences

conflicts and there lots of violences that are there to be seen and this is a

that are there to be seen and this is a second important component for me too

second important component for me too because what happens is that if we take

because what happens is that if we take a look at the data and uh that is of how

a look at the data and uh that is of how many women are involved in these peace

many women are involved in these peace processes. But we could also talk about

processes. But we could also talk about data that have to do with um impacts. So

data that have to do with um impacts. So one out of every 10 women lives in a

one out of every 10 women lives in a situation of extreme poverty. And we can

situation of extreme poverty. And we can see that 80% of migrants due to climate

see that 80% of migrants due to climate reasons are either girls or women. And

reasons are either girls or women. And we can also see that

we can also see that 236 million more women well before 2030

236 million more women well before 2030 are going to undergo situations of

are going to undergo situations of starvation. Well, basically because of

starvation. Well, basically because of climate issues or things that had to do

climate issues or things that had to do with planetary limitations. So these

with planetary limitations. So these figures are absolutely uh

overwhelming as regards uh how we can turn things around.

turn things around. And obviously including women is one of

And obviously including women is one of the key elements because of many

the key elements because of many reasons. It's one of the key issues

reasons. It's one of the key issues because for women peace doesn't arrive

because for women peace doesn't arrive automatically because they have to put

automatically because they have to put up with all these undignified forms of

up with all these undignified forms of life and I think that there's a

life and I think that there's a fundamental element that has to do with

fundamental element that has to do with justice. That is to start off with. But

justice. That is to start off with. But then this was also mentioned by my

then this was also mentioned by my colleagues before. I believe that

colleagues before. I believe that there's a completely different

there's a completely different perspective when women participate in

perspective when women participate in these processes and a feminist peace

these processes and a feminist peace policy is made up of other things which

policy is made up of other things which is another important element because

is another important element because there are processes that are more

there are processes that are more democratic and there are process in

democratic and there are process in which uh

which uh security and while you try to

security and while you try to demilitarize it we can talk about human

demilitarize it we can talk about human security and not about military security

security and not about military security and uh we we also have um I don't know

and uh we we also have um I don't know um policies that to place life in the

um policies that to place life in the very center and try to

very center and try to uh provide the funding. In other words,

uh provide the funding. In other words, where's the funding going to go? And

where's the funding going to go? And we'll talk about money later on if you

we'll talk about money later on if you want. But in the case, this is where

want. But in the case, this is where you're putting your stakes. Your where

you're putting your stakes. Your where you're putting your money is where

you're putting your money is where things are going to happen in a world in

things are going to happen in a world in which money is in the center. And I'll

which money is in the center. And I'll stop here. But anyway, that's what I

stop here. But anyway, that's what I wanted to point out at least

initially. Well, thanks a lot. Thanks a lot for organizing this event. and also

lot for organizing this event. and also thanks for having a specific space

thanks for having a specific space addressing the role played by women in

addressing the role played by women in peace and very briefly I would like to

peace and very briefly I would like to explain why it is important and you were

explain why it is important and you were asking us about these barriers Maria why

asking us about these barriers Maria why is this important well I think that it's

is this important well I think that it's important to remember four key elements

important to remember four key elements in any peace process when you work in a

in any peace process when you work in a peace process or in a negotiation

peace process or in a negotiation process it's very important first to

process it's very important first to know what to produce is this in other

know what to produce is this in other words it's not only a peace process

words it's not only a peace process process that is going to address the

process that is going to address the causes but it's a peace process that

causes but it's a peace process that does have some possibility of reaching

does have some possibility of reaching positive results. So let's look into the

positive results. So let's look into the causes. That's the second well the

causes. That's the second well the second element. Let's bear in mind the

second element. Let's bear in mind the demands and petitions that are on the

demands and petitions that are on the table during the negotiation and who do

table during the negotiation and who do they affect. The third element that we

they affect. The third element that we have to take into account in a

have to take into account in a negotiations process is also based on

negotiations process is also based on how we're going to repair the damage of

how we're going to repair the damage of whatever is happening or has happened in

whatever is happening or has happened in the past. And the fourth element is make

the past. And the fourth element is make as much use as you can of all the

as much use as you can of all the energies and possibilities we have of

energies and possibilities we have of achieving peace so that we can reach an

achieving peace so that we can reach an agreement. Well, in these four elements,

agreement. Well, in these four elements, if you've noticed, what's happening to

if you've noticed, what's happening to us because of this non-participation of

us because of this non-participation of Maria gave us the data because we do not

Maria gave us the data because we do not participate in the negotiation processes

participate in the negotiation processes is because we have to look into the

is because we have to look into the causes. Um, we're not taking into

causes. Um, we're not taking into account or not taking into account 51%

account or not taking into account 51% of the population. So, the diagnosis we

of the population. So, the diagnosis we have for the causes of a conflict, the

have for the causes of a conflict, the diagnosis is incorrect and the entire

diagnosis is incorrect and the entire process collapses because we're not

process collapses because we're not performing a good analysis of what's

performing a good analysis of what's going on. We forget about lots of causes

going on. We forget about lots of causes that make these uh accords fail. And of

that make these uh accords fail. And of course, we do not take into account the

course, we do not take into account the demands nor the petitions of that 51% of

demands nor the petitions of that 51% of the population. And uh usually this is

the population. And uh usually this is the most widely affected part of the

the most widely affected part of the population. But in addition to that, we

population. But in addition to that, we haven't taken into account how we are

haven't taken into account how we are going to be able to repair this damage

going to be able to repair this damage that women suffer because we are not

that women suffer because we are not present on the negotiations table and we

present on the negotiations table and we cannot deliver any proposals. And

cannot deliver any proposals. And finally, we are

finally, we are not making use of the potential that

not making use of the potential that women have to um consolidate a peace

women have to um consolidate a peace processes. And the minister said this

processes. And the minister said this before, equality is the key element in

before, equality is the key element in the peace process. Equality and women's

the peace process. Equality and women's participation is the key element because

participation is the key element because if we are not involved in those process

if we are not involved in those process it means that it's going to be very very

it means that it's going to be very very difficult for them to end up on a

difficult for them to end up on a positive note and it's going to be

positive note and it's going to be difficult for them to be sustainable.

difficult for them to be sustainable. We're talking about barriers. I would

We're talking about barriers. I would also like to mention four elements. One

also like to mention four elements. One of them was mentioned previously and it

of them was mentioned previously and it has to do with the structural side of

has to do with the structural side of things because we're facing a situation

things because we're facing a situation in which these peace processes pose a

in which these peace processes pose a structural issue for women's

structural issue for women's participation. Let's say that these are

participation. Let's say that these are patriarchal structures that do not allow

patriarchal structures that do not allow us women to be in decision-making

us women to be in decision-making spaces, not in power spaces. We're

spaces, not in power spaces. We're talking about um power struggle and

talking about um power struggle and we're talking about spaces of power. And

we're talking about spaces of power. And this is not something that only affects

this is not something that only affects peace. But it's equally true that when

peace. But it's equally true that when you take a look at the different sectors

you take a look at the different sectors and when you analyze the international

and when you analyze the international relations or diplomacy and therefore

relations or diplomacy and therefore when you analyze wars and how peace can

when you analyze wars and how peace can be constructed, we see things uh that

be constructed, we see things uh that show that there are much less women

show that there are much less women involved in international relations and

involved in international relations and even less women when we talk about

even less women when we talk about security issues and when we talk about

security issues and when we talk about peace. So it's important to pay lots of

peace. So it's important to pay lots of attention to this because on the one

attention to this because on the one hand we have the structural barrier and

hand we have the structural barrier and one of the consequences is that we don't

one of the consequences is that we don't have women involved in these processes.

have women involved in these processes. What is equally important and there

What is equally important and there something that you mentioned that I

something that you mentioned that I think is very relevant. Another of the

think is very relevant. Another of the barriers is that when we want women to

barriers is that when we want women to participate in these peace processes,

participate in these peace processes, they have to make a double effort

they have to make a double effort because we are entering into a world

because we are entering into a world that is um mainly uh organized and

that is um mainly uh organized and covered by men. So it's a very

covered by men. So it's a very patriarchal system once again and we do

patriarchal system once again and we do not only have to participate once you

not only have to participate once you participate you have to deconstruct many

participate you have to deconstruct many of the dynamics that prevent us from

of the dynamics that prevent us from making the proposals that we're supposed

making the proposals that we're supposed to make. So it's a world in which

to make. So it's a world in which there's lots of prejudice and it seems

there's lots of prejudice and it seems that we women are not recognized as one

that we women are not recognized as one of the valid stakeholders or the

of the valid stakeholders or the proposals that we're going to make are

proposals that we're going to make are valid and let's say that the basic

valid and let's say that the basic principle for a dialogue to work is

principle for a dialogue to work is based on recognizing the other party and

based on recognizing the other party and therefore respecting the other party and

therefore respecting the other party and this is something that in negotiation

this is something that in negotiation processes well women have not been

processes well women have not been acknowledged as a valid actor for that

acknowledged as a valid actor for that negotiation but in addition to that and

negotiation but in addition to that and what you do find is that continuous

what you do find is that continuous message says well the trouble is that

message says well the trouble is that you women are here to talk about your

you women are here to talk about your own issues but we're not here to talk

own issues but we're not here to talk about women we're here to talk about

about women we're here to talk about economy about the

territory and I have to talk about these two things from the um women's point of

two things from the um women's point of view so once again we come across this

view so once again we come across this structural violence as regards the role

structural violence as regards the role to be played by women in decision making

to be played by women in decision making in life and in any sphere and perhaps

in life and in any sphere and perhaps another element that we have well this

another element that we have well this is um world dominated by them, by the

is um world dominated by them, by the men. But at the negotiation spaces and

men. But at the negotiation spaces and informal spaces are absolutely

informal spaces are absolutely fundamental. And informal spaces are

fundamental. And informal spaces are when people connect and that's when we

when people connect and that's when we humanize the process too and to connect

humanize the process too and to connect and to humanize and for us to be able to

and to humanize and for us to be able to reach agreements. These informal spaces

reach agreements. These informal spaces are controlled by them. And sometimes

are controlled by them. And sometimes it's very difficult for us in these

it's very difficult for us in these informal spaces after the negotiations

informal spaces after the negotiations to go and have a cup of coffee. It's

to go and have a cup of coffee. It's difficult to include women in a natural

difficult to include women in a natural manner because the effort you have to

manner because the effort you have to made is triple to be able to reach out

made is triple to be able to reach out to these spaces and in the end all of

to these spaces and in the end all of these elements mean that women join late

these elements mean that women join late when perhaps the negotiations have

when perhaps the negotiations have already advanced. We have an example of

already advanced. We have an example of this in Colombia in the peace process in

this in Colombia in the peace process in Colombia and uh well they negotiated

Colombia and uh well they negotiated things for a very long time in the last

things for a very long time in the last few months. They said oh we haven't

few months. They said oh we haven't taken a check out women so let's have a

taken a check out women so let's have a women's forum. So in the end well they

women's forum. So in the end well they did manage to incorporate them but the

did manage to incorporate them but the process started off with a structural

process started off with a structural failure and another two things that I

failure and another two things that I believe are essential that have to do

believe are essential that have to do with barriers. One has to do with the

with barriers. One has to do with the violence and sexual violence as a war

violence and sexual violence as a war weapon. Well this is not the time to

weapon. Well this is not the time to discuss this but this is one of the

discuss this but this is one of the conditioning factors and this is why

conditioning factors and this is why there's an impact the impact of wars and

there's an impact the impact of wars and conflicts is much greater for women. So

conflicts is much greater for women. So this means that when you sit down at a

this means that when you sit down at a negotiations table, the starting point

negotiations table, the starting point for this collective that

for this collective that possibly has been more affected requires

possibly has been more affected requires a bigger

a bigger effort so that you can sit down there

effort so that you can sit down there and so that you can negotiate and so

and so that you can negotiate and so that you can review all the things that

that you can review all the things that have happened because this violence that

have happened because this violence that has been suffered is still maintained in

has been suffered is still maintained in the negotiation space and also political

the negotiation space and also political violence and that is that many times

violence and that is that many times they have a double threat and when you

they have a double threat and when you incorporate a cultural and religious

incorporate a cultural and religious component that we also include in these

component that we also include in these negotiation processes

negotiation processes and uh also another barrier would be

and uh also another barrier would be resources because to participate in

resources because to participate in negotiation processes we still uh need

negotiation processes we still uh need the capacity of strengthening the

the capacity of strengthening the organizations investing but as we will

organizations investing but as we will go to proposals later I want to um go

go to proposals later I want to um go more in depth into this and I will leave

more in depth into this and I will leave it with those four uh elements that I've

it with those four uh elements that I've just mentioned.

just mentioned. Maria, how do you answer these two

Maria, how do you answer these two questions of how it is important for

questions of how it is important for women to participate in this processes

women to participate in this processes and what are some of the hurdles and

and what are some of the hurdles and later on we will see how we can overcome

later on we will see how we can overcome this uh hurdles.

She's saying a few words in Basque. As soon as she speaks in Spanish, we will

soon as she speaks in Spanish, we will continue interpreting for you. Bear with

continue interpreting for you. Bear with us.

[Music] I would like to say many things but I'm

I would like to say many things but I'm very pleased that he you've already

very pleased that he you've already mentioned many of them in this panel and

mentioned many of them in this panel and in the previous panel. I was uh thanking

in the previous panel. I was uh thanking the organizations that have uh kicked

the organizations that have uh kicked off this

off this initiative that um takes place in

initiative that um takes place in Garnika after being present in other

Garnika after being present in other cities and that will end in August with

cities and that will end in August with the event in Hiroshima.

Yesterday we closed the 35th days on culture and peace that we

culture and peace that we organize every year

organize every year um to uh commemorate the uh bombing of

um to uh commemorate the uh bombing of Garnika and the title was life and

Garnika and the title was life and peace.

life because uh we need to demand dignity for everyone's lives and peace

dignity for everyone's lives and peace so that we can have a peaceful uh

so that we can have a peaceful uh coexistence. So we give value to both um

coexistence. So we give value to both um peace and

peace and life. And

life. And in this working days, we were also

in this working days, we were also looking towards the future for a

looking towards the future for a conference that we will be organizing in

conference that we will be organizing in Garnika and Bilbao next year. A the year

Garnika and Bilbao next year. A the year 2026, the international conference on

2026, the international conference on um women and peace. It's been organized

um women and peace. It's been organized 14 times before in other countries and

14 times before in other countries and cities. For us, it is a challenge. So,

cities. For us, it is a challenge. So, we are a bit nervous regarding what we

we are a bit nervous regarding what we will be facing. But we are also uh very

will be facing. But we are also uh very pleased to work together with so many

pleased to work together with so many women and mainly women from Colombia,

women and mainly women from Colombia, Mosmbique,

Mosmbique, uh the Bas country and other um regions

uh the Bas country and other um regions in Spain and from the international

in Spain and from the international league of women for peace.

league of women for peace. So it's important to work together with

So it's important to work together with all these initiatives and we need to uh

all these initiatives and we need to uh reflect on why inclusion is so

reflect on why inclusion is so significant. All these women and many

significant. All these women and many other are observing and identifying how

other are observing and identifying how important it is to include women and

important it is to include women and you've already mentioned this including

you've already mentioned this including women is important because it's

women is important because it's important to include all

important to include all voices and the presence of all those

voices and the presence of all those women that are supporting uh priest

women that are supporting uh priest processes and to get together and to

processes and to get together and to jointly reflect on how to leave behind

jointly reflect on how to leave behind all those obstacles that are not

all those obstacles that are not allowing us to access with uh security

allowing us to access with uh security in participation processes, dialogue

in participation processes, dialogue processes and in decision making

processes as you've uh mentioned

mentioned the origin

the origin of conflicts give us many clues.

of conflicts give us many clues. We have to look back and

We have to look back and remember, look at our past because we

remember, look at our past because we have the biggest uh historic legacy of m

mankind and time is uh going by very quickly. Regarding what

uh going by very quickly. Regarding what you were saying of

you were saying of the 89 seconds and the 88th

the 89 seconds and the 88th anniversary, I believe this is an

anniversary, I believe this is an opportunity not only for

opportunity not only for GIA and with you all but we need to uh

GIA and with you all but we need to uh reflect on the space that peace takes in

reflect on the space that peace takes in our lives. What is the position of peace

our lives. What is the position of peace in our lives? Because this piece is full

in our lives? Because this piece is full of contents of different uh gazes.

And if we go back for example to the 80s at the time we had uh proposals like uh

at the time we had uh proposals like uh defending nature, feminism,

defending nature, feminism, anti-militarism and many other movements

anti-militarism and many other movements that

um happened at the time. and Gernika brings us back to the

brings us back to the past and as well as Gaza and many other

past and as well as Gaza and many other cities in the world and many other

cities in the world and many other places that are territories of violence

places that are territories of violence and

and war. And it uh also makes us look at

war. And it uh also makes us look at each other and reflect on what is the

each other and reflect on what is the uh place of peace in our lives. And we

uh place of peace in our lives. And we also need to be aware of what our

also need to be aware of what our position is in life. What are the uh

position is in life. What are the uh processes in which we can not only

processes in which we can not only imagine and reflect but also

imagine and reflect but also progress to be able to take up this

progress to be able to take up this spaces that uh protect, support us and

spaces that uh protect, support us and uh help us develop our lives.

mainly focusing on the feminist gaze that talks about demanding rights but

that talks about demanding rights but not only rights for

women but uh for each and everyone. This transformative element of

everyone. This transformative element of feminism and pacifism that questions the

feminism and pacifism that questions the uh situation

and questions that uh war is uh unavoidable because it's not true.

unavoidable because it's not true. That's why we need the time to exchange

That's why we need the time to exchange stories. We need to do so on time and

stories. We need to do so on time and with time and create spaces like this

with time and create spaces like this one where we can discuss all of this is

issues please. Yes, I take the floor. uh I didn't say thank you nor hello or

uh I didn't say thank you nor hello or anything. So I would like to uh first of

anything. So I would like to uh first of all thank you for organizing this event

all thank you for organizing this event and for um including me in this uh uh

and for um including me in this uh uh panel. I had to reflect on uh um on

panel. I had to reflect on uh um on peace and the first element I go back to

peace and the first element I go back to is violence.

The first issue we need to be aware of is that we are violent. And I'm sorry

is that we are violent. And I'm sorry for this, but it's part of our nature.

for this, but it's part of our nature. Raise your hand if you've never gotten

Raise your hand if you've never gotten so angry that you feel like you want to

so angry that you feel like you want to just break everything or hit

just break everything or hit someone. So there's a part of our animal

someone. So there's a part of our animal nature, but the issue is how we manage

nature, but the issue is how we manage this. And that's uh because we

this. And that's uh because we are rational uh beings because of our

are rational uh beings because of our development culture and social presence.

development culture and social presence. We need to see how we manage violence.

We need to see how we manage violence. And this is what we need to speak about

And this is what we need to speak about to our children, our society and the

to our children, our society and the world in which we live. If we are not

world in which we live. If we are not able to be aware of violence and manage

able to be aware of violence and manage this violence, things are going to be

this violence, things are going to be complex. we because we are not pure

complex. we because we are not pure beings that are not tempted in different

beings that are not tempted in different situations in life to uh act and I'm not

situations in life to uh act and I'm not talking about uh killing someone or

talking about uh killing someone or being part of our war but of responding

being part of our war but of responding in a way that can be even negative for

in a way that can be even negative for ourselves and for others.

Something else you've all mentioned and that is a concern for me is fear because

that is a concern for me is fear because the message is a message of fear. I have

the message is a message of fear. I have a youngsters and they are uh feeling

a youngsters and they are uh feeling that the world is ending that we don't

that the world is ending that we don't have time that more wars will happen. So

have time that more wars will happen. So of course the situation is uh uh were

of course the situation is uh uh were concerning but we need to be careful

concerning but we need to be careful with the messages uh for our uh youth.

with the messages uh for our uh youth. The other is that they are all like

The other is that they are all like zombies that just look at their mobile

zombies that just look at their mobile phones but we've seen um in the floods

phones but we've seen um in the floods in Valencia their response in our

in Valencia their response in our country in a complex situation. So let's

country in a complex situation. So let's not uh transmit so many negative

not uh transmit so many negative messages on uh the youth their values

messages on uh the youth their values and u um their

and u um their principles and of course there are

principles and of course there are risks. I don't want to deny this but we

risks. I don't want to deny this but we also need to transmit positive messages

also need to transmit positive messages because fear is the main ally of

because fear is the main ally of violence.

you end up believing that the others are enemies and you go against them because

enemies and you go against them because you felt threatened. So be very careful

you felt threatened. So be very careful with the messages on uh fear. Another

with the messages on uh fear. Another important

important element is that we have our western uh

element is that we have our western uh view of things. But there are many

view of things. But there are many places in the world where people are

places in the world where people are doing things differently, live

doing things differently, live differently and have other values and

differently and have other values and they are not

they are not exactly do things in the same way as

exactly do things in the same way as us in the western world. So we need to

us in the western world. So we need to be flexible when facing diversity.

be flexible when facing diversity. We cannot uh assess the diversity in the

We cannot uh assess the diversity in the world with our

world with our eurosentric view or western view of

eurosentric view or western view of things. Why? Because there's a people

things. Why? Because there's a people that can contribute many interesting

that can contribute many interesting things. As we've said before, there's

things. As we've said before, there's diverse powers and these societies are

diverse powers and these societies are um different. The societies are

um different. The societies are different and they have other values.

different and they have other values. For example, they live in a more

For example, they live in a more collective manner. There's a family

collective manner. There's a family support, something that

support, something that uh is different to individualism and

uh is different to individualism and that can contribute in a very

that can contribute in a very interesting manner to discussion about

interesting manner to discussion about how peace needs to be and how the future

how peace needs to be and how the future world will be. And the youngster should

world will be. And the youngster should be the one that can h

be the one that can h have this different views to create this

have this different views to create this spaces of

spaces of uh peace and coexistence with justice,

uh peace and coexistence with justice, equality and so on and so forth.

equality and so on and so forth. But this vision that could be

But this vision that could be ideological

ideological uh is uh a place uh in which we need to

uh is uh a place uh in which we need to open our eyes to see that there are

open our eyes to see that there are other realities and other ways of

other realities and other ways of experiencing things in this planet and

experiencing things in this planet and this world. Thank you Isabelle. There

this world. Thank you Isabelle. There are two things of what you've just

are two things of what you've just mentioned that also were mentioned by

mentioned that also were mentioned by Maria and that is that uh war can be

Maria and that is that uh war can be avoided. So this is a an important

avoided. So this is a an important premise but also we have to talk about

premise but also we have to talk about territories of life with a plural gaze.

territories of life with a plural gaze. You don't you didn't use the term

You don't you didn't use the term plural, you use the term diverse, but I

plural, you use the term diverse, but I would say a plural uh view or gaze. And

would say a plural uh view or gaze. And uh bearing in mind that we have 10

uh bearing in mind that we have 10 minutes left because we're very much

minutes left because we're very much delayed, I would ask you to very briefly

delayed, I would ask you to very briefly speak about some of the strategies that

speak about some of the strategies that you believe uh work to better integrate

you believe uh work to better integrate the gender perspective to be more

the gender perspective to be more efficient in peace processes. bearing in

efficient in peace processes. bearing in mind

uh hope because we have many young people and yes in fact I share what

people and yes in fact I share what you've just said because young people

you've just said because young people are are hope but also with a plural or

are are hope but also with a plural or diverse vision.

I wanted to add something to what Isabelle was saying in research for

Isabelle was saying in research for peace and in the different academic

peace and in the different academic areas where we work with scientific

areas where we work with scientific rigor wars

rigor wars are avoidable and violence too. We are

are avoidable and violence too. We are not violent by nature. These are social

not violent by nature. These are social constructions, cultural constructions

constructions, cultural constructions that

um make us use violence or use other measures in a peaceful manner with

measures in a peaceful manner with respect and cooperation.

So in uh research for peace sometimes we there's a uh mixing up between um

there's a uh mixing up between um aggressiveness and violence because when

aggressiveness and violence because when we as a

we as a beings feel a threat that can be real or

beings feel a threat that can be real or not. we react and this

not. we react and this reactction can be violent but this is

reactction can be violent but this is something that we can also work

something that we can also work on. And so we observe that wars can be

on. And so we observe that wars can be uh avoided and all cultural violence and

uh avoided and all cultural violence and structural violence and all direct

structural violence and all direct violence can be avoided and we need to

violence can be avoided and we need to work to achieve this and to build

work to achieve this and to build peaceful uh uh societies with mutual

peaceful uh uh societies with mutual understanding regarding participation.

understanding regarding participation. We also need more political will, real

We also need more political will, real political will.

We need to believe and promote uh the participation of women in all spaces and

participation of women in all spaces and stages of a peace processes from the

stages of a peace processes from the planning to

planning to execution to the drafting of

execution to the drafting of reports and the implementation and

followup and that they participate in leadership. uh uh

leadership. uh uh positions that they participate also in

positions that they participate also in decision making uh processes. We need to

decision making uh processes. We need to promote and favor this and also there is

promote and favor this and also there is a situation that is not always taken

a situation that is not always taken into account and that makes this more

into account and that makes this more difficult which is the financial

difficult which is the financial situation of women. There's also gender

situation of women. There's also gender poverty and a situation in which

poverty and a situation in which inequality specifically affects women

inequality specifically affects women and therefore we also need that uh

and therefore we also need that uh support so that women can fully

support so that women can fully participate and that it's not that they

participate and that it's not that they feel limited because of their financial

feel limited because of their financial situation as Isabelle said that you can

situation as Isabelle said that you can participate and decide how you want to

participate and decide how you want to participate or at least have the

participate or at least have the possibility of

possibility of participating. So, uh

participating. So, uh um also uh family um life balance can

um also uh family um life balance can make things more difficult and that's

make things more difficult and that's why women need support and there needs

why women need support and there needs to be this real political will for this

to be this real political will for this to happen and therefore we need to have

to happen and therefore we need to have resources to do

resources to do so.

so. Another important issue is the

Another important issue is the implementation and development of a

implementation and development of a feminist act of women and also women's

feminist act of women and also women's movements are very necessary and

movements are very necessary and sometimes they don't have the uh funding

sometimes they don't have the uh funding that they

need. So we need to support them in different ways.

different ways. Thank you for your uh response and your

Thank you for your uh response and your enuances Marta. Well, we have very

enuances Marta. Well, we have very little time left and I would also like

little time left and I would also like to focus and I would also like to focus

to focus and I would also like to focus on the local initiatives because it is

on the local initiatives because it is also true that for me the local

also true that for me the local component of course demands time. These

component of course demands time. These are long processes but this is the seed

are long processes but this is the seed to what we can achieve for the future.

to what we can achieve for the future. For example, we're working in Niger,

For example, we're working in Niger, Colombia and other countries. But what

Colombia and other countries. But what comes to my mind now is the example of

comes to my mind now is the example of Niger where working in an agricultural

Niger where working in an agricultural and

and uh project. We observed that there were

uh project. We observed that there were many women in different communities that

many women in different communities that were the ones that in a very natural

were the ones that in a very natural manner and in a very efficient manner to

manner and in a very efficient manner to uh had the role of

uh had the role of mediators in conflicts uh between the

mediators in conflicts uh between the people uh working the land or the uh

people uh working the land or the uh land

land owners or the problems of women's that

owners or the problems of women's that lost their right to inherit the land be.

lost their right to inherit the land be. So in a natural manner this women became

So in a natural manner this women became medi mediators in this conflicts. They

medi mediators in this conflicts. They became the leaders in their own

communities. And there was an initiative that is linked to the action plan for

that is linked to the action plan for women peace and uh uh security where we

women peace and uh uh security where we started to work together with this women

started to work together with this women leaders and

leaders and mediators and it's really made lots of

mediators and it's really made lots of sense to work in this manner and the

sense to work in this manner and the um what has been achieved was

um what has been achieved was unexpected. We've empowered this woman

unexpected. We've empowered this woman to do things better. They also are in

to do things better. They also are in contact with each other so that there's

contact with each other so that there's an exchange of experiences and also to

an exchange of experiences and also to have psychological support because

have psychological support because sometimes being the mediator

sometimes being the mediator um makes them feel alone and lonely. So

um makes them feel alone and lonely. So sharing with others makes things better.

sharing with others makes things better. So it had an impact on them

So it had an impact on them psychologically but also because it

psychologically but also because it became an inspiration for many of the

became an inspiration for many of the girls in this communities. Up till then

girls in this communities. Up till then the women only had uh men leaders as a

the women only had uh men leaders as a uh reference. When the girls start to

uh reference. When the girls start to see that this uh um women become leaders

see that this uh um women become leaders and can solve the problems in the

and can solve the problems in the community, they decide that they can do

community, they decide that they can do uh something like that in the future. So

uh something like that in the future. So many of these women leaders and we've

many of these women leaders and we've seen this in Colombia are the ones that

seen this in Colombia are the ones that are in negotiations too. So together we

are in negotiations too. So together we are um building a

are um building a system based on their local realities

system based on their local realities with uh the possibility of uh escalating

with uh the possibility of uh escalating this practices that can also have an

this practices that can also have an effect nationally and internationally.

effect nationally and internationally. So this element of community is

So this element of community is something that is usually not so much

something that is usually not so much taken into account but for us is part of

taken into account but for us is part of the key to the success of many changes

the key to the success of many changes in these communities. Thank you

in these communities. Thank you Eva. I'm not going to be focusing

Eva. I'm not going to be focusing because I think being very well

because I think being very well explained by my colleagues. So I would

explained by my colleagues. So I would like to uh ones most affected and uh

like to uh ones most affected and uh stopping this threats is important. We

stopping this threats is important. We need to generate a new model a model

need to generate a new model a model where we also have threats. We are

where we also have threats. We are seeing that in um the name of the green

seeing that in um the name of the green agenda, we create new projects in the

agenda, we create new projects in the global south that once again is

global south that once again is um taking

um taking u resources and raw materials that are

u resources and raw materials that are critical for renewables. This

critical for renewables. This communities are affected and mainly

communities are affected and mainly women and girls.

The second element is the uh way which create an alternative and way which

create an alternative and way which create an alternative and we

create an alternative and we redistribute a wealth that is in the

redistribute a wealth that is in the hands of a very

hands of a very few and also how we're able to guarantee

few and also how we're able to guarantee there's a basic income and how we make

there's a basic income and how we make possible that the big corporates, the

possible that the big corporates, the wealthy have a tax system implemented

wealthy have a tax system implemented where there's a tax money can go to

where there's a tax money can go to empowering women and vulnerable

empowering women and vulnerable communities when

communities when necessary. The third element is to make

necessary. The third element is to make the system more democratic. There are

the system more democratic. There are different uh proposals for the energy

different uh proposals for the energy system, food system, many changes but we

system, food system, many changes but we cannot continue having uh the power of

cannot continue having uh the power of utilities for example. So this should be

utilities for example. So this should be in the hands of uh the uh citizens. We

in the hands of uh the uh citizens. We should be in charge of uh things. We

should be in charge of uh things. We need to democratize the

need to democratize the system and our colleagues from the

system and our colleagues from the Granada talked about a world

Granada talked about a world um citizen assembly and we need to be

um citizen assembly and we need to be present in decision making spaces and

present in decision making spaces and not only as women but as citizens but

not only as women but as citizens but still we are just voting every four

still we are just voting every four years and that's our democratic system

years and that's our democratic system at the time.

We also need to generate a positive uh narratives that talk about life

narratives that talk about life possibilities and optimism that we're

possibilities and optimism that we're able to see things in different ways.

able to see things in different ways. this week um there's a new series in uh

this week um there's a new series in uh the Spanish uh public television called

the Spanish uh public television called Hope which is wonderful because it shows

Hope which is wonderful because it shows all the different things that different

all the different things that different communities resilient communities are

communities resilient communities are doing in different places in the world.

doing in different places in the world. So all this already exists but this is

So all this already exists but this is not shown on um daily TV on social

not shown on um daily TV on social media. We are just seeing war

media. We are just seeing war destruction and uh Mr. Trump's messages

destruction and uh Mr. Trump's messages each and every day. So we also need to

each and every day. So we also need to make visible all this um examples of

make visible all this um examples of hope and uh finally to protect rights

We are at a a point where we need to protect

protect rights. Everything that has been

rights. Everything that has been achieved by the citizen uh

achieved by the citizen uh movements and that women have achieved

movements and that women have achieved needs to be uh

needs to be uh protected for future generations. All

protected for future generations. All very important issues. Maria, you now

very important issues. Maria, you now have the possibility or the

have the possibility or the responsibility of closing this very

responsibility of closing this very interesting uh

interesting uh conversation and I would invite you if

conversation and I would invite you if you will uh uh allow me to do so uh with

you will uh uh allow me to do so uh with hope. I trust you will be able to do so.

hope. I trust you will be able to do so. Yes. This is a shared risk

Yes. This is a shared risk responsibility because I fully agree

responsibility because I fully agree with what the different panelists have

with what the different panelists have said

said uh during this panel and the other uh

uh during this panel and the other uh panels.

Yes, we need to question uh in the narrative that is presented as the only

narrative that is presented as the only and egimmonic one. We're being told a

and egimmonic one. We're being told a tale that is not true and that has

tale that is not true and that has brought us to this situation. But there

brought us to this situation. But there are other options,

are other options, other alternatives, other ways of

other alternatives, other ways of leaving that

1989 it was declared that human beings are not uh violent by

that human beings are not uh violent by a nature. Of course there's a component

a nature. Of course there's a component of aggressiveness but we have the

of aggressiveness but we have the capacity of not only remembering but

capacity of not only remembering but building remember remembering to know

building remember remembering to know what are the um what is the narrative

what are the um what is the narrative what is the story that from the past and

what is the story that from the past and how we make it our own and we reimagine

how we make it our own and we reimagine territories of life in a different way.

territories of life in a different way. And I think that we had to recover that

And I think that we had to recover that verb. In other words, renouncing

verb. In other words, renouncing renouncing renouncing

renouncing renouncing domination that sustains all of these

domination that sustains all of these structures, all of the patriarchal and

structures, all of the patriarchal and colonial and capitalist

structures. And it's um since 40 years ago, the neol liberal

um since 40 years ago, the neol liberal structures too, the neoliberal

structures too, the neoliberal structures. And what they want to make

structures. And what they want to make us believe, they want us make us believe

us believe, they want us make us believe in individualistic ontology. In other

in individualistic ontology. In other words, that we are

able to be as we are just uh through your efforts and as if the um story of

your efforts and as if the um story of our lives had nothing to do, no

our lives had nothing to do, no connection whatsoever. And that is not

connection whatsoever. And that is not true because there are already proposals

true because there are already proposals that are focusing on other focusing on

that are focusing on other focusing on other things that are shown showing us

other things that are shown showing us how from the different continents from

how from the different continents from Asia, Africa and Latin America and also

Asia, Africa and Latin America and also in Europe if we were to recover our

in Europe if we were to recover our traditions our more connective

traditions our more connective traditions that there's a way of uh

traditions that there's a way of uh being in the world that is very clear

being in the world that is very clear because it's the only possible way of uh

because it's the only possible way of uh thinking and of acting in relation to

thinking and of acting in relation to other women or other

other women or other men and also in relation to that

men and also in relation to that territory to that uh land that sustain

territory to that uh land that sustain us sustains us and in relation to that

us sustains us and in relation to that community that we're living in that is

community that we're living in that is the planet because we belong to that

the planet because we belong to that system and to that um plot of life too.

system and to that um plot of life too. So whenever we are considering what

So whenever we are considering what um what role uh pieces to play in our

um what role uh pieces to play in our life, well

life, well then you also have to deoccupy those

then you also have to deoccupy those spaces of domination that we have

spaces of domination that we have incorporated so that we can think about

incorporated so that we can think about this from a completely different angle.

this from a completely different angle. So the territory and the place itself

So the territory and the place itself um so to speak are the epistemological

um so to speak are the epistemological elements. In other words, these are

elements. In other words, these are things that teach us and you have to be

things that teach us and you have to be more than willing to learn and to see

more than willing to learn and to see how it is possible to sustain life on

how it is possible to sustain life on this planet which is the one we have and

this planet which is the one we have and uh to which we also belong. what I mean

uh to which we also belong. what I mean that's what I mean to say and uh who

that's what I mean to say and uh who sustains us or that sustains us as we

sustains us or that sustains us as we are sustained by um completely community

are sustained by um completely community approach and I'm referring to something

approach and I'm referring to something that is much more extensive that has to

that is much more extensive that has to do with our lives because this does not

do with our lives because this does not only have to do with human beings but it

only have to do with human beings but it has to do with the beings the beings

has to do with the beings the beings themselves that express themselves in a

themselves that express themselves in a completely different

completely different manner and

manner and I think that all of us together, we are

I think that all of us together, we are all involved. We are all participating

all involved. We are all participating in this element of life. And going back

in this element of life. And going back to your first question and that has to

to your first question and that has to do with

do with inclusion, it is necessary to include

inclusion, it is necessary to include all of those voices that until now we

all of those voices that until now we have uh set aside. We've set aside many

have uh set aside. We've set aside many of them

of them and these are things that were also

and these are things that were also mentioned in the previous presentations.

mentioned in the previous presentations. It's important to know how to look and

It's important to know how to look and we people that understand that we can uh

we people that understand that we can uh take on board this centrality in Europe.

take on board this centrality in Europe. What we have to do is learn to listen

What we have to do is learn to listen and we have to learn to see. So we have

and we have to learn to see. So we have to learn to see through other uh glasses

to learn to see through other uh glasses colonial or feminist and many other

colonial or feminist and many other kinds of glasses too. And we have to

kinds of glasses too. And we have to deoccupy

centrality so that we can actually discover what that is all about, what

discover what that is all about, what that plot is all about and include all

that plot is all about and include all the voices and uh everybody's gazes and

the voices and uh everybody's gazes and give them presence because there is

give them presence because there is already a political presence. We have to

already a political presence. We have to achieve more participation and I think

achieve more participation and I think that what we have to exclude is that

that what we have to exclude is that anxiety to dominate others as well as

anxiety to dominate others as well as violence and

violence and war and hope. There has to be hope

war and hope. There has to be hope because we mentioned uh we've mentioned

because we mentioned uh we've mentioned over the last few days we have to be

over the last few days we have to be very humble epistemologically speaking

very humble epistemologically speaking we have to focus on hope too that

we have to focus on hope too that mobilizes

people also talking about in commemorating the anniversary of the uh

commemorating the anniversary of the uh Gernika bombing and of other

Gernika bombing and of other commemorations too so that we can

commemorations too so that we can remember what happened so that we can

remember what happened so that we can learn from those episodes. We have to

learn from those episodes. We have to commemorate, remember, and imagine and

commemorate, remember, and imagine and renounce. But also, I think that we have

renounce. But also, I think that we have to celebrate life. We have to celebrate

to celebrate life. We have to celebrate that we're all alive, that we're all

that we're all alive, that we're all here, and that we can make peace, and

here, and that we can make peace, and that we can live on this planet in a

that we can live on this planet in a much more fair and

much more fair and sustainable and careful and respectful

sustainable and careful and respectful manner. Thank you very much. Thank you

manner. Thank you very much. Thank you very much, Maria, for those words.

Well, I think that it's we don't really have to draw any conclusions after these

have to draw any conclusions after these beautiful words from Maria and I suppose

beautiful words from Maria and I suppose that you all want to go and have lunch.

that you all want to go and have lunch. So, we're going to be closing this panel

So, we're going to be closing this panel here. Thank you very much to the

here. Thank you very much to the panelists. Thank you very much for this

panelists. Thank you very much for this rich dialogue and for being so

rich dialogue and for being so respectful to Thank you very much.

respectful to Thank you very much. Bye-bye. See you later.

We're coming back once again. And uh I would like to ask you to take your

would like to ask you to take your seats, please. And we trust and hope

seats, please. And we trust and hope that you've enjoyed you've enjoyed the

that you've enjoyed you've enjoyed the morning sessions and uh at this

morning sessions and uh at this wonderful seminar we're holding him and

wonderful seminar we're holding him and also that

also that wonderful moment we had over lunch when

wonderful moment we had over lunch when we were all together at the restaurant.

we were all together at the restaurant. So I'm sure many of the things have been

So I'm sure many of the things have been said here that you've been mentioning

said here that you've been mentioning over lunch bunch and this afternoon

over lunch bunch and this afternoon we're going to have the opportunity of

we're going to have the opportunity of uh carrying on with a very beautiful

uh carrying on with a very beautiful dialogue.

announcements and you would allow me to say this because I've been speaking to

say this because I've been speaking to my panel colleagues and uh well behind

my panel colleagues and uh well behind us I'm not sure if you can see me but

us I'm not sure if you can see me but here we have our

here we have our colleagues that are virtually

colleagues that are virtually present but you'll understand that when

present but you'll understand that when I make this introduction what I have to

I make this introduction what I have to say is that it's very very exciting to

say is that it's very very exciting to be here today with you in Garnika in the

be here today with you in Garnika in the city with what it means for many of us.

grateful for the support given by the by

for the support given by the by Mikatinos from the Alliance of

Mikatinos from the Alliance of Civilizations and I have a personal

Civilizations and I have a personal connection with him and I've always

connection with him and I've always mentioned how much I admire him on many

mentioned how much I admire him on many occasions but I would like to say once

occasions but I would like to say once again that I admired him a lot when I

again that I admired him a lot when I was a very very young girl not as young

was a very very young girl not as young as you

as you and in the government that was chaired

and in the government that was chaired by Ruth

by Ruth You were the foreign affairs minister

You were the foreign affairs minister and you launched the alliance of

and you launched the alliance of civilizations initiative and personally

civilizations initiative and personally due to my own personal or

due to my own personal or professional features I thought that he

professional features I thought that he was the most important person of the

was the most important person of the world because he was launching the most

world because he was launching the most important initiative of the last few

important initiative of the last few decades and I still think along the same

decades and I still think along the same lines years later Miganaka. So thank you

lines years later Miganaka. So thank you very much indeed. Thank you very much

very much indeed. Thank you very much for defending this for such a long time.

for defending this for such a long time. Firstly at the national government and

Firstly at the national government and now through United Nations because you

now through United Nations because you are a firm a firm believer in this and

are a firm a firm believer in this and also thank you for bringing us all

also thank you for bringing us all together here and for thinking that it

together here and for thinking that it made lots of sense for us to include the

made lots of sense for us to include the young men and women and we'll be talking

young men and women and we'll be talking about that right now. We'll be talking

about that right now. We'll be talking about people from many generations youth

about people from many generations youth and we're going to be talking about

and we're going to be talking about equality too. So a million thanks.

equality too. So a million thanks. So with this after this uh brief

So with this after this uh brief introduction that I find is very

introduction that I find is very emotional too because if otherwise it

emotional too because if otherwise it wouldn't be myself

wouldn't be myself speaking and we were just giving some

speaking and we were just giving some thought about this session and session

thought about this session and session where part of it is um virtual part of

where part of it is um virtual part of it is in person. So what we want to do

it is in person. So what we want to do is we want to talk about many different

is we want to talk about many different things and within this logic of wanting

things and within this logic of wanting to address many issues we have to be

to address many issues we have to be aware of the fact that when we decided

aware of the fact that when we decided wasn't that the case from the mayor from

wasn't that the case from the mayor from where we decided to open up the space to

where we decided to open up the space to young people. This was based on the fact

young people. This was based on the fact that we need to listen to their voices

that we need to listen to their voices and the voice of the youth of these

and the voice of the youth of these young

young men is not a homogeneous

men is not a homogeneous voice and will normally we're talking

voice and will normally we're talking about a more critical kind of voice

about a more critical kind of voice because what I believe is that we are

because what I believe is that we are here to listen to whatever they

here to listen to whatever they need and also well they also have to

need and also well they also have to listen

listen about or they have to discover why we

about or they have to discover why we still have to carry out this important

still have to carry out this important task and which seems to be imposs it

task and which seems to be imposs it seems to be impossible to achieve peace

seems to be impossible to achieve peace but even so we cannot stop our dial

but even so we cannot stop our dial dialogue. The main stakeholders

dialogue. The main stakeholders here this afternoon are these young

here this afternoon are these young people and these voices of young people

people and these voices of young people that are going to point out things that

that are going to point out things that perhaps we don't feel comfortable with.

perhaps we don't feel comfortable with. But this is what it's all about too. And

But this is what it's all about too. And I said to them, look, you have total

I said to them, look, you have total freedom and you can say whatever comes

freedom and you can say whatever comes out from the depth of your

heart. So it could be something you know about initiative that cropped up 20

about initiative that cropped up 20 years ago.

which was a very important thing. It was like a landmark, a milestone for many

like a landmark, a milestone for many people who were young like me for

people who were young like me for instance and we obviously saw that peace

instance and we obviously saw that peace represents a challenge and so does

represents a challenge and so does dialogue and understanding each other

dialogue and understanding each other too. And this is something that we have

too. And this is something that we have to be taught, something that we have to

to be taught, something that we have to cultivate and sometimes that's no easy

cultivate and sometimes that's no easy task in this context we're living in.

task in this context we're living in. Right? So from now on then what we want

Right? So from now on then what we want to do with these sessions, we want to

to do with these sessions, we want to open up a space for you young people,

open up a space for you young people, you young men and women so that we can

you young men and women so that we can think about these things so that we can

think about these things so that we can also

also dream and I enjoy saying something that

dream and I enjoy saying something that I've learned a long time ago and that is

I've learned a long time ago and that is if you dream about something and if you

if you dream about something and if you focused on the public sphere, if you

focused on the public sphere, if you want to design a public policy, although

want to design a public policy, although it perhaps sounds somewhat naive,

it perhaps sounds somewhat naive, First of all, you have to dream about

First of all, you have to dream about it. And from that moment on, that's when

it. And from that moment on, that's when things start to happen if we want things

things start to happen if we want things to happen. Of course, even though those

to happen. Of course, even though those things that do happen are not perfect,

things that do happen are not perfect, but the world belongs to the courageous

but the world belongs to the courageous and you must make mistakes and you

and you must make mistakes and you mustn't remain sitting down doing

mustn't remain sitting down doing nothing. So this is the exercise that

nothing. So this is the exercise that we're starting today and it's not going

we're starting today and it's not going to finish the day, but we know that this

to finish the day, but we know that this is just the starting point. So according

is just the starting point. So according to this logic, we have designed this

to this logic, we have designed this session with a bit of a mix. And for

session with a bit of a mix. And for those of you that have not read the

those of you that have not read the program, I would like you to understand

program, I would like you to understand it better because we don't have all the

it better because we don't have all the names. So who's here with me on stage?

names. So who's here with me on stage? Well, we have three students from the

Well, we have three students from the Antonio

Antonio Machado High School in Sodia who are

Machado High School in Sodia who are here together with their colleagues,

here together with their colleagues, their classmates. And let's have a big

their classmates. And let's have a big round of applause for them because

round of applause for them because they're very brave, these guys.

remember a bit of improvisation and some of you might appear here on screen too

of you might appear here on screen too or also think considering where we

or also think considering where we stand. We are right now in a city that

stand. We are right now in a city that represents

represents the how you suffer in a war and how you

the how you suffer in a war and how you have to head towards peace. And we are

have to head towards peace. And we are in Garnika which is not only a symbol

in Garnika which is not only a symbol for the Bas country but also for Spain,

for the Bas country but also for Spain, for Europe and for the rest of the

for Europe and for the rest of the world. So this is why we have with us

world. So this is why we have with us Elena. Elena, thank you very much. And

Elena. Elena, thank you very much. And you are going to serve as the

you are going to serve as the intergenerational link too. and you're

intergenerational link too. and you're going to be talking about many things,

going to be talking about many things, but you're also going to be describing

but you're also going to be describing the challenges that young people have at

the challenges that young people have at this point in time when we are in a

this point in time when we are in a stage in which formal education doesn't

stage in which formal education doesn't teach us very much. So, how can we learn

teach us very much. So, how can we learn from peace? That's what it's all about.

from peace? That's what it's all about. And of course, it's a privilege to have

And of course, it's a privilege to have Kimberly there and as well as Oriana.

Kimberly there and as well as Oriana. It's great to have you guys here because

It's great to have you guys here because we have three young people.

we have three young people. who are involved in a marvelous program

who are involved in a marvelous program that was launched by the Alliance of

that was launched by the Alliance of Civilizations that has to do with how

Civilizations that has to do with how these youngsters are agents

these youngsters are agents for peacemakers or peace

builders and well they can do this in a context in which they do have a specific

context in which they do have a specific focus or they can do this in a very

focus or they can do this in a very silent and a very straightforward manner

silent and a very straightforward manner and when we prepared the session today I

and when we prepared the session today I was um saying to my colleagues, there

was um saying to my colleagues, there was a certain date in my life when I

was a certain date in my life when I considered was I whether I was a person

considered was I whether I was a person of conflict with dialogue. In other

of conflict with dialogue. In other words, somebody that wanted to remove

words, somebody that wanted to remove those rough edges and wanted to achieve

those rough edges and wanted to achieve a consensus again

a consensus again or was

or was I just um meeting up with people that

I just um meeting up with people that were more focused on conflicts, but I

were more focused on conflicts, but I wanted to focus on dialogue. So this is

wanted to focus on dialogue. So this is why

when driving forward on this initiative I believe that he was working as if he

I believe that he was working as if he were a lighthouse. He said okay well

were a lighthouse. He said okay well this is my place and this is what I have

this is my place and this is what I have to do but what I'm referring to

to do but what I'm referring to basically is that there are people that

basically is that there are people that are youngers that are the program that

are youngers that are the program that has to do with how we are in our

has to do with how we are in our environment. not about implementing

environment. not about implementing public policies, but it's about how we

public policies, but it's about how we behave and what we do in our

behave and what we do in our communities, in the social media, how we

communities, in the social media, how we interact with our colleagues, with our

interact with our colleagues, with our friends at high school and with our

friends at high school and with our families and they on the screen too.

families and they on the screen too. Um, our guests that I'd like them to

Um, our guests that I'd like them to explain why they feel that they are

explain why they feel that they are involved and why they feel that they've

involved and why they feel that they've been called upon to form part of this

been called upon to form part of this process. So, we're going to kick off

process. So, we're going to kick off with them and then I will remain silent.

with them and then I will remain silent. We're going to start with them so that

We're going to start with them so that they can break the ice as it were

they can break the ice as it were because you have a little bit more

because you have a little bit more knowledge and all three of you, Christ,

knowledge and all three of you, Christ, Kimberly, and

Kimberly, and Oriana and so that we have enough time

Oriana and so that we have enough time because there's lots of us here. So,

because there's lots of us here. So, it's six or seven minutes

it's six or seven minutes each. You can't see me and I'm turning

each. You can't see me and I'm turning to look at the screen because it makes

to look at the screen because it makes more sense, but at least you can hear

more sense, but at least you can hear me. So in six or seven minutes each you

me. So in six or seven minutes each you could um talk about your

could um talk about your experience in participating in this

experience in participating in this program how you arrived and how you did

program how you arrived and how you did things and what kind of experience

things and what kind of experience you've had until now regarding your own

you've had until now regarding your own personal development and in that context

personal development and in that context I would also possible perhaps you could

I would also possible perhaps you could focus your

focus your presentations on whether this program

presentations on whether this program has

brought about a network with young people from different geographic

people from different geographic abilities, although you people on screen

abilities, although you people on screen represent Latin

represent Latin America and then based on that internal

America and then based on that internal knowledge you have, what do you think

knowledge you have, what do you think the United Nations or the UNOC, how do

the United Nations or the UNOC, how do you think that this organization can

you think that this organization can help you in your work or so that your

help you in your work or so that your voice can be heard and recognized? And

voice can be heard and recognized? And I've also like to ask you and this is a

I've also like to ask you and this is a favor that I'm asking you people because

favor that I'm asking you people because whatever is international well it seems

whatever is international well it seems to be very far away from us and it seems

to be very far away from us and it seems that it's not that tangible either but

that it's not that tangible either but it is it's very tangible because if we

it is it's very tangible because if we if it were not for the international

if it were not for the international agendas many of the things that happen

agendas many of the things that happen in the world would never take place

in the world would never take place would never happen and if there were not

would never happen and if there were not amigatos who does what he does on a

amigatos who does what he does on a daily basis in many different locations

daily basis in many different locations our life perhaps wouldn't be as good as

our life perhaps wouldn't be as good as it right now and I know that it's

it right now and I know that it's difficult to understand but this is so

difficult to understand but this is so and what I would also like to add is

and what I would also like to add is apart from my colleagues that are with

apart from my colleagues that are with me at this session we also have other

me at this session we also have other young colleagues sitting in the room

young colleagues sitting in the room well perhaps you could also encourage

well perhaps you could also encourage them so that they can join this movement

them so that they can join this movement of young people for

of young people for peace because I have you first on the

peace because I have you first on the list then I'll give you the floor then

list then I'll give you the floor then so thank you very much

Thank you very much. My name is Kimberly Varios. Hello from Guatemala. There's an

Varios. Hello from Guatemala. There's an eight out difference. So, it's very

eight out difference. So, it's very early for me. But in any case, I'm

early for me. But in any case, I'm delighted to be with you today. And the

delighted to be with you today. And the truth is that this is a very very

truth is that this is a very very difficult question that would require a

difficult question that would require a very lengthy answer, but I'm afraid that

very lengthy answer, but I'm afraid that I've got very little time as you just

I've got very little time as you just pointed out. So, how would I'd like to

pointed out. So, how would I'd like to start off by telling you that I started

start off by telling you that I started at 17 years of age and I had no clue

at 17 years of age and I had no clue what was going on. I didn't know how to

what was going on. I didn't know how to participate or where to participate. I

participate or where to participate. I didn't have a clue on how to um foster

didn't have a clue on how to um foster peace because nobody taught me that at

peace because nobody taught me that at home or at school. So, I wanted to

home or at school. So, I wanted to implement a change, but I didn't really

implement a change, but I didn't really know how. So, what is it that changed my

know how. So, what is it that changed my mindset? Well, the volunteer movement in

mindset? Well, the volunteer movement in other words starting off with the youth

other words starting off with the youth movements and when I connected with more

movements and when I connected with more people through this space and that's

people through this space and that's when I thought okay what is it I'm doing

when I thought okay what is it I'm doing how can I live to improve my country and

how can I live to improve my country and that is started in my community in my

that is started in my community in my area and what was I doing when I was

area and what was I doing when I was watching the news when I saw that many

watching the news when I saw that many many things were happening around me and

many things were happening around me and as a young person you sometimes feel

as a young person you sometimes feel very tiny and you don't know what to do

very tiny and you don't know what to do because the world is collapsing around

because the world is collapsing around you so The volunteer movement made me

you so The volunteer movement made me change completely. It changed my mindset

change completely. It changed my mindset and my life because I started becoming

and my life because I started becoming involved in different volunteer spaces

involved in different volunteer spaces until 2020 when the pandemic came along

until 2020 when the pandemic came along and I was locked down without being able

and I was locked down without being able to go out and I was invited to form part

to go out and I was invited to form part of a non-governmental organization which

of a non-governmental organization which is

called and in this space art was the key

art was the key [Music]

[Music] elemental completely informal and being

elemental completely informal and being able to paint or being ble to create or

able to paint or being ble to create or they said to me, "Okay, look, this is

they said to me, "Okay, look, this is how we can create peace without having

how we can create peace without having to occupy major spaces or without having

to occupy major spaces or without having to be civil servants.

to be civil servants. But who can tell if you're a agent for

But who can tell if you're a agent for change or a peaceuilder?" Well, this is

change or a peaceuilder?" Well, this is something that becomes clear when you're

something that becomes clear when you're working with your friends. We started in

working with your friends. We started in 2020 with lots of other young people

2020 with lots of other young people from Guatemala and other places and we

from Guatemala and other places and we thought, okay, what is it we want to do

thought, okay, what is it we want to do exactly? And that is how we legalized

exactly? And that is how we legalized our organization and that's when we

our organization and that's when we started to think okay well I'm really

started to think okay well I'm really doing something that has potential but

doing something that has potential but how can you know that what you're doing

how can you know that what you're doing is okay and that what you're learning is

is okay and that what you're learning is all right and that is how we started off

all right and that is how we started off with questions and doubts but in any

with questions and doubts but in any case we wanted to make more progress and

case we wanted to make more progress and we wanted to become much better people

we wanted to become much better people and leaders and in 2023 I came across

and leaders and in 2023 I came across the peace builder project and well I saw

the peace builder project and well I saw a call on the social media and I said

a call on the social media and I said well why not apply and well nothing's

well why not apply and well nothing's going to happen if they say no and it

going to happen if they say no and it was an opportunity for me to learn more

was an opportunity for me to learn more from other people but above all it was

from other people but above all it was going to help me it's going to point out

going to help me it's going to point out look you're doing things very well in

look you're doing things very well in spite of the many doubts so we gave it

spite of the many doubts so we gave it lots of thought and we had lots of

lots of thought and we had lots of doubts but in any case it was an

doubts but in any case it was an opportunity that I was bumping into

And then we I joined the project which had transformed my life and I met people

had transformed my life and I met people from many parts of Latin America. But

from many parts of Latin America. But what I noticed that my country was

what I noticed that my country was suffering a lot and I had my own

suffering a lot and I had my own internal conflicts but this applied to

internal conflicts but this applied to other countries too. And as I was using

other countries too. And as I was using art to um transform my country there

art to um transform my country there were other people in Colombia, in

were other people in Colombia, in Mexico, in Honduras, in El Salvador.

Mexico, in Honduras, in El Salvador. They are all using other

They are all using other tools. For instance, they were using art

tools. For instance, they were using art in the digital world, a different kind

in the digital world, a different kind of art. They were also setting up secure

of art. They were also setting up secure spaces and we were all interconnected.

spaces and we were all interconnected. So knowledge was shared and we

So knowledge was shared and we discovered new things. And uh two years

discovered new things. And uh two years down the road, what I can say is that

down the road, what I can say is that this still has a big impact on my life

this still has a big impact on my life because we are still building this

because we are still building this network of knowledge with these change

network of knowledge with these change agents in the social media and it's

agents in the social media and it's great to see that my colleagues are

great to see that my colleagues are brilliant on Instagram and I told them

brilliant on Instagram and I told them about my existential doubts because of

about my existential doubts because of what's going on in my country and uh

what's going on in my country and uh there can be nothing better than sharing

there can be nothing better than sharing things with other friends and other

things with other friends and other colleagues who are living in other

colleagues who are living in other territories, people that have more

territories, people that have more experience

experience So I'm now learning a lot in this space

So I'm now learning a lot in this space through the digital channels because

through the digital channels because sometimes we still think that the

sometimes we still think that the incidents and we think that changes have

incidents and we think that changes have to be boring or very squared but the

to be boring or very squared but the truth is that we have transformed all of

truth is that we have transformed all of those things and we have overcome many

those things and we have overcome many barriers because we are working in a

barriers because we are working in a digital world where we can connect with

digital world where we can connect with each other regardless of our culture,

each other regardless of our culture, regardless of our language and

regardless of our language and regardless of where we come from. So we

regardless of where we come from. So we are creating what is really um

are creating what is really um useful. Peace is the absence of conflict

useful. Peace is the absence of conflict and the peace is all about respecting

and the peace is all about respecting human rights and equality and feeling

human rights and equality and feeling safe and secure. And this is something

safe and secure. And this is something that we're doing with projects that are

that we're doing with projects that are being led by young people for young

being led by young people for young people. And this is an opportunity that

people. And this is an opportunity that is opening up a lot and which at United

is opening up a lot and which at United Nations and that the UNOC is promoting

Nations and that the UNOC is promoting this creation of youth leaderships and

this creation of youth leaderships and which has allowed us to change our

which has allowed us to change our environments. But who knows what it is

environments. But who knows what it is we're going to be doing in the future.

we're going to be doing in the future. In other words, we're going to be taking

In other words, we're going to be taking much more significant steps and we'll be

much more significant steps and we'll be able to implement much more significant

able to implement much more significant decisions, reaching out to more younger

decisions, reaching out to more younger people, to more young

people, to more young people and establish a greater empathy

people and establish a greater empathy and do away with this idea of

and do away with this idea of polarization and say, "Look, from our

polarization and say, "Look, from our cultures and based on our learnings and

cultures and based on our learnings and based on our skills and based on the

based on our skills and based on the trust that we feel as young people that

trust that we feel as young people that are developing and learning, we are

are developing and learning, we are building lots of things and we're

building lots of things and we're building a world." And as I said before,

building a world." And as I said before, well, we young people um really focused

well, we young people um really focused on on idealism because we believe that

on on idealism because we believe that we can change our realities. And what

we can change our realities. And what I'm saying today is that we are getting

I'm saying today is that we are getting this done. It's I know that it's a minor

this done. It's I know that it's a minor contribution. These are very small

contribution. These are very small actions, but we are building major

actions, but we are building major transformative changes that in the

transformative changes that in the future will mean that we're going to

future will mean that we're going to have a world at peace where we can all

have a world at peace where we can all live together in great harmony and

live together in great harmony and happiness. And it's something that we

happiness. And it's something that we are really working hard to achieve in

are really working hard to achieve in all of our countries. One of these days

all of our countries. One of these days we're going to achieve this at an

we're going to achieve this at an international level too. That's what I

international level too. That's what I wanted to say. Thank you very much. And

wanted to say. Thank you very much. And I hope that I did not speak for too

I hope that I did not speak for too long.

long. [Applause]

[Applause] Kimberly, Kimberly, sorry that I didn't

Kimberly, Kimberly, sorry that I didn't introduce you. I didn't introduce you

introduce you. I didn't introduce you from Latin America as if Latin America

from Latin America as if Latin America was something completely unique. And

was something completely unique. And it's definitely not the case. This is a

it's definitely not the case. This is a region and it's a universe too of

region and it's a universe too of different realities and Kimy was

different realities and Kimy was speaking from

speaking from Guatemala and my apologies because I

Guatemala and my apologies because I didn't introduce you properly and I was

didn't introduce you properly and I was just

remembering my first trips to Latin America and that was to Central

America and that was to Central America and when you reach Salvador or

America and when you reach Salvador or Guatemala you notice the dimension of

Guatemala you notice the dimension of what violence is like what daily

what violence is like what daily violence is

like and how this DNA of how to fight against violence on the streets or

against violence on the streets or structural violence or how these

structural violence or how these conflicts become a priority for all of

conflicts become a priority for all of you young people and it's one of the

you young people and it's one of the things that you've had from the very

things that you've had from the very beginning in which you've grown up and

beginning in which you've grown up and I'm mentioning this too because of the

I'm mentioning this too because of the conversation that I was holding with

conversation that I was holding with colleagues here in the case of Elena who

colleagues here in the case of Elena who is here

is here from suffered and she has her own DNA

from suffered and she has her own DNA and like many many of us have not had

and like many many of us have not had that kind of experience we've not been

that kind of experience we've not been brought up in that kind of environment

brought up in that kind of environment so the work that you're doing is

so the work that you're doing is tremendously valuable so congratulations

tremendously valuable so congratulations for having dared to do so because you

for having dared to do so because you have to be daring you have to be

have to be daring you have to be courageous and then networking or in

courageous and then networking or in Latin America it would be wonderful to

Latin America it would be wonderful to have a networker

have a networker between and Europe and I'm now going to

between and Europe and I'm now going to give the floor to Oriana from

give the floor to Oriana from Venezuela who well we are fully aware of

Venezuela who well we are fully aware of the fact that as regards the

the fact that as regards the international sphere we are aware of the

international sphere we are aware of the difficulties that you people have been

difficulties that you people have been experiencing in recent months and years

experiencing in recent months and years and without um expressing any political

and without um expressing any political opinions here but it's very difficult

opinions here but it's very difficult too to be in a context where there's a

too to be in a context where there's a high degree of polarization

high degree of polarization I think that this program, this program

I think that this program, this program for young people based on dialogue,

for young people based on dialogue, young peacemakers is fundamental because

young peacemakers is fundamental because it's all about understanding where it is

it's all about understanding where it is we can find these bridges and it's all

we can find these bridges and it's all about understanding too. But the

about understanding too. But the conflict does exist and will exist in

conflict does exist and will exist in the future. It's something that we

the future. It's something that we mentioned this morning, but they have to

mentioned this morning, but they have to be what we call bridge persons. So, you

be what we call bridge persons. So, you have the floor and thank you very much

have the floor and thank you very much for coming for connecting. Thank you

for coming for connecting. Thank you very much because I'm very very grateful

very much because I'm very very grateful for the invitation

for the invitation for and I think that it's absolutely

for and I think that it's absolutely necessary so that we can converge and so

necessary so that we can converge and so that we can address these issues and

that we can address these issues and these very significant concepts such as

these very significant concepts such as peace and which could also transform our

peace and which could also transform our realities and especially the realities

realities and especially the realities of our communities. And I fully

of our communities. And I fully empathize with what Kimi was pointing

empathize with what Kimi was pointing out before. I think that many times that

out before. I think that many times that we have a similar discourse on how we

we have a similar discourse on how we can reach out to these leadership

can reach out to these leadership positions

positions which could assist us in our decision

which could assist us in our decision making

making processes either today or in the very

processes either today or in the very near

future. I've haven't got to as much experience as she has because

to as much experience as she has because I started in this journey after the

I started in this journey after the pandemic of course in 2022 and then we

pandemic of course in 2022 and then we have the issue of the social and

have the issue of the social and political reality of Venezuela which

political reality of Venezuela which obviously was one of the most

obviously was one of the most significant landmarks in my for my

significant landmarks in my for my decisions to become a leader and this

decisions to become a leader and this leadership is about changing the

leadership is about changing the realities of people because at the end

realities of people because at the end of the

of the day this is why I'm still working hard

day this is why I'm still working hard to achieve these goals. I want to um

to achieve these goals. I want to um transform the reality of people that are

transform the reality of people that are living in vulnerable situations. And as

living in vulnerable situations. And as a function of that, what I want to do is

a function of that, what I want to do is achieve a sustainable and durable p

achieve a sustainable and durable p peace because peace is not just the

peace because peace is not just the absence of conflict. Conflict is

absence of conflict. Conflict is necessary in life and nature of human

necessary in life and nature of human beings. And that's how we can solve

beings. And that's how we can solve problematic issues and we can find

problematic issues and we can find solutions. And we can also

achieve a goal that has to do with setting up generic solutions.

[Music] Although we know that here it's a slow

Although we know that here it's a slow process which means that we are taken to

process which means that we are taken to another extreme which sets us apart from

another extreme which sets us apart from the peace that heads to the path that

the peace that heads to the path that heads towards peace and peace is

heads towards peace and peace is something that is crosscutting.

something that is crosscutting. cross cutting in our lives and I think

cross cutting in our lives and I think that it shouldn't be the only goal that

that it shouldn't be the only goal that we have to

achieve but to the extent that we want to help society through these

to help society through these initiatives and these projects or they

initiatives and these projects or they could be the good should be based on a

could be the good should be based on a peace focus so that we can solve

conflicts. But always you have to be fully aware what

always you have to be fully aware what is causing that consequence and

is causing that consequence and sometimes it is not possible to do so.

sometimes it is not possible to do so. But in any case this is a bit of my

But in any case this is a bit of my background and I started working as a

background and I started working as a leader at the university because I

leader at the university because I believe that I could use my reality to

believe that I could use my reality to change the conditions or the environment

change the conditions or the environment in which I live. I'm come from a

in which I live. I'm come from a community that is economically very

community that is economically very vulnerable that is facing many many

vulnerable that is facing many many issues and this is my action space and

issues and this is my action space and where what I've tried to do is

where what I've tried to do is incentivate other people other young

incentivate other people other young people so that we can not necessarily

people so that we can not necessarily solve the problem but at least give

solve the problem but at least give those people the tools so that they can

those people the tools so that they can solve things as best as they possibly

solve things as best as they possibly can and that's when I noticed that well

can and that's when I noticed that well yes we are well it said that the we are

yes we are well it said that the we are individuals that in a global network. In

individuals that in a global network. In the case of these problems, we're

the case of these problems, we're dealing with very minor issues. But that

dealing with very minor issues. But that doesn't mean to say, of course, that the

doesn't mean to say, of course, that the solutions that we are going to

solutions that we are going to contribute towards society cannot be

contribute towards society cannot be transformed into major things. So, I

transformed into major things. So, I want let's say that I've kicked

want let's say that I've kicked off focus much more political issues as

off focus much more political issues as I said before and within the context of

I said before and within the context of Venezuela, which is a very

Venezuela, which is a very harsh. But then what I noticed is that

harsh. But then what I noticed is that citizens, we citizens can produce or

citizens, we citizens can produce or generate

generate value by organizing things in this

value by organizing things in this manner. We're talking about involving

manner. We're talking about involving civil society so that we can participate

civil society so that we can participate in lots of volunteer movements and uh we

in lots of volunteer movements and uh we said yes to everything to all the

said yes to everything to all the projects that were submitted to me

projects that were submitted to me because we were going to benefit lots of

because we were going to benefit lots of sectors in our society. grandparents,

sectors in our society. grandparents, children, women, and we went to schools

children, women, and we went to schools to hold experimental workshops and

to hold experimental workshops and things like that. So when you as a

things like that. So when you as a person, as a leader, when you um scale

person, as a leader, when you um scale up to reach a certain threshold, a time

up to reach a certain threshold, a time comes when you have to say, okay, what

comes when you have to say, okay, what else can I do to assist my community?

else can I do to assist my community? What other things can I give to my

What other things can I give to my community? innovative things that are

community? innovative things that are doing being done in other countries and

doing being done in other countries and that are up and running and that will

that are up and running and that will help me um set into motion initiatives

help me um set into motion initiatives that can give rise to best practices

that can give rise to best practices that I can replicate in

that I can replicate in Venezuela and at the end of

Venezuela and at the end of 2023 I was part of a program for

2023 I was part of a program for organized by the UN. I am very thankful

organized by the UN. I am very thankful and grateful for everyone I met and for

and grateful for everyone I met and for the experience and as my colleagues can

the experience and as my colleagues can also certify this is a beautiful network

also certify this is a beautiful network where we can contribute and generate

where we can contribute and generate value for Latin

value for Latin America. We met on several

America. We met on several occasions. Then we started working with

occasions. Then we started working with more people. We generated initiatives. I

more people. We generated initiatives. I was able to participate in other

was able to participate in other national and international

national and international um

um Venezuela environments but always with

Venezuela environments but always with the aim of focusing on bringing best

the aim of focusing on bringing best practices to Venezuela and I have one

practices to Venezuela and I have one minute last year I also worked on EOS of

minute last year I also worked on EOS of the youth a another beautiful project

the youth a another beautiful project where we wanted to get to know the ideas

where we wanted to get to know the ideas and perspectives

and perspectives of young Venezuelans regarding our

of young Venezuelans regarding our political reality because last year was

political reality because last year was complex years, specifically the last

complex years, specifically the last quarter of the year. And we

quarter of the year. And we organized working sessions where young

organized working sessions where young people from different communities would

people from different communities would generate solutions that they themselves

generate solutions that they themselves could implement in their spheres of

could implement in their spheres of actions. We had more than 70 young

actions. We had more than 70 young people participating and more uh

people participating and more uh projects were developed and we continue

projects were developed and we continue working on democracy, peace and my

working on democracy, peace and my advice for those of you that are

advice for those of you that are interested in this

interested in this path is that there's nothing better that

path is that there's nothing better that wanting to create positive

wanting to create positive transformation in your region, your

transformation in your region, your country and having people network a

country and having people network a support

support network opportunities are there and we

network opportunities are there and we have the responsibility of creating them

have the responsibility of creating them for ourselves and others and I hope I

for ourselves and others and I hope I stuck to the seven minutes and thank you

stuck to the seven minutes and thank you for your

for your [Applause]

5 in the afternoon here. We learned so much from your message and

We learned so much from your message and I'm very moved and even more moved when

I'm very moved and even more moved when you are able to have a conversation like

you are able to have a conversation like this one with you that have that spirit

this one with you that have that spirit that we don't lose even if we grow

that we don't lose even if we grow older. But at the end of the day is

older. But at the end of the day is should we do something or not? And the

should we do something or not? And the answer is yes. Maybe things don't go uh

answer is yes. Maybe things don't go uh well from the start, but at least there

well from the start, but at least there is a a lighthouse goal you want to get

is a a lighthouse goal you want to get to. And you believe that part of your

to. And you believe that part of your life is to try and make the lives of

life is to try and make the lives of others better.

others better. and in dialogue, peace and

and in dialogue, peace and transformation context when we talk

transformation context when we talk about the well-being of people. Well,

about the well-being of people. Well, there's nothing better than trying to

there's nothing better than trying to achieve this. So, thanks. Thanks for

achieve this. So, thanks. Thanks for your encouragement, but we need to

your encouragement, but we need to continue

continue encouraging and it's wonderful that you

encouraging and it's wonderful that you are ambassadors. And now, it's your

are ambassadors. And now, it's your turn.

turn. coming from

Chile, we some of us know really well the complexities of your history that is

the complexities of your history that is very much shared with Spain in some

very much shared with Spain in some aspects.

aspects. We would really like to hear about your

We would really like to hear about your personal experience, your experience in

personal experience, your experience in the program and the message you have for

the program and the message you have for the people here because there's lots of

the people here because there's lots of people here not only

the Here it's 11 in the morning so we are starting

are starting the morning.

the morning. We are starting the day and you're

We are starting the day and you're finishing with your day. But what's

finishing with your day. But what's important

important is

is to talk about what we want to talk

to talk about what we want to talk about. I am one of the young peace

about. I am one of the young peace builders or change makers. I am 24 years

builders or change makers. I am 24 years old. I come from Santiago.

old. I come from Santiago. I'm a young P builder from the

2020 and during that edition, the edition of

2023. I learned a lot, but I also come from the student movement. I don't know

from the student movement. I don't know if you're aware but the president of

if you're aware but the president of Chile nowadays also comes from the

Chile nowadays also comes from the students

students movement. All my career has been linked

movement. All my career has been linked with students and the student unions.

There is a problem beyond the human rights and what happened with the

rights and what happened with the dictatorship in Chile as well as all

dictatorship in Chile as well as all those

those exiled to Spain at that

exiled to Spain at that time. But there are other problems in

time. But there are other problems in Chile and in Latin America.

Chile and in Latin America. One of the complex elements

One of the complex elements in Chile is the issue of the Chilean

in Chile is the issue of the Chilean population. Sometimes we are not so

population. Sometimes we are not so tolerant with people from the region

tolerant with people from the region that come to Chile. So sometimes there's

that come to Chile. So sometimes there's xenophobia which is a complex issue.

xenophobia which is a complex issue. It's our reality, the reality of our

It's our reality, the reality of our country and we need to face

it. My parents immigrated to

Chile. And now I would like to talk about the UN and the agenda because I

about the UN and the agenda because I was born in Chile but many of the things

was born in Chile but many of the things that happened

are things that I saw as a child, things

child, things that people that didn't have Chilean

that people that didn't have Chilean appearance were

appearance were discriminated and this is something that

discriminated and this is something that I had to

I had to suffer or that I saw how my parents were

suffer or that I saw how my parents were suffering. I saw

suffering. I saw discrimination and painful

moments. So now I defend and the coming together of

defend and the coming together of countries in Latin America. We're very

countries in Latin America. We're very close to Spain because of our

inheritance, because of our cultural inheritance. So we could say we

are brother countries and all the issues

brother countries and all the issues regarding

regarding discrimination, xenophobia,

discrimination, xenophobia, discrimination of different kinds of

population, the discrimination to the indigenous people from Chile. When you

indigenous people from Chile. When you grow older, you start to be aware of how

grow older, you start to be aware of how somehow you need to change the mindset

somehow you need to change the mindset of new generations of the youth. And

of new generations of the youth. And that's why I started to be part of the

that's why I started to be part of the student movement in defending education.

student movement in defending education. But uh there I I started to be an

But uh there I I started to be an activist and in the UN I found myself

activist and in the UN I found myself connected with many people that were

connected with many people that were very different but people that wanted to

very different but people that wanted to make changes. We created a network with

make changes. We created a network with all the young people in Latin America

all the young people in Latin America that wanted to uh build peace. And this

that wanted to uh build peace. And this program gave me another vision because I

program gave me another vision because I observed how many things can be fought

observed how many things can be fought with peace and reconciliation and

with peace and reconciliation and forgiveness. Sometimes there is a also a

forgiveness. Sometimes there is a also a lack of apologizing.

So when we build bridges for peace, we have to build this bridges by also

have to build this bridges by also meeting the other and be able to be

meeting the other and be able to be reconciled with them which is something

reconciled with them which is something very important this program by eyes. I

very important this program by eyes. I met Kimberly also Pedro say hello if you

met Kimberly also Pedro say hello if you see

see him and he's from extra

Madura and the connections the ways in which we could create our relationship

which we could create our relationship allowed us to develop this projects and

allowed us to develop this projects and now we have organized a Congress for

now we have organized a Congress for peace in Chile including the

peace in Chile including the 30 agenda, sustainable

30 agenda, sustainable development and all leaders in Chile now

development and all leaders in Chile now can see solutions for different

can see solutions for different problematic areas in the country. It is

problematic areas in the country. It is very important to give the young people

very important to give the young people a voice because probably they will

a voice because probably they will become the new ministers, governors,

become the new ministers, governors, presidents, CEOs.

presidents, CEOs. [Music]

So I believe that authorities to try and see

see how train new generations for the future

how train new generations for the future of uh

of uh humankind. We have to see how we can

humankind. We have to see how we can educate those young people so that they

educate those young people so that they make the best decisions in the future

make the best decisions in the future and they don't make the mistakes we've

and they don't make the mistakes we've made in the past. And I have 10 more

made in the past. And I have 10 more seconds. I want to say to the young

seconds. I want to say to the young people uh

people uh here that it's important to do things

here that it's important to do things and do things for the well-being of

and do things for the well-being of others of the community and also uh

others of the community and also uh thinking about how we want our future to

thinking about how we want our future to be in the next 10, 15, 20 years. Thank

be in the next 10, 15, 20 years. Thank you.

much. My takeaway are three uh words that you use which are

that you use which are reconciliation,

reconciliation, negotiation, I believe you said that and

negotiation, I believe you said that and also

also [Music]

[Music] dialogue. And before continuing with the

panel, I would like to go back to the book that was just published by Luis

book that was just published by Luis Rodriguez Tapato, former president of

Rodriguez Tapato, former president of the Spanish government, president of the

the Spanish government, president of the government together with

government together with Moradinos enhanced the alliance of

Moradinos enhanced the alliance of civilizations and talked about peaceful

civilizations and talked about peaceful resolutions. questions. Of course, I'm a

resolutions. questions. Of course, I'm a fan and I recommend his book. I say a

fan and I recommend his book. I say a political uh fan, someone that taught

political uh fan, someone that taught this country that he should be our

this country that he should be our lighthouse and dialogue should allow

lighthouse and dialogue should allow us to move forward when it's not has not

us to move forward when it's not has not always been easy in this country. In the

always been easy in this country. In the first chapter, he talks about the art of

first chapter, he talks about the art of peace, which I believe is a wonderful

peace, which I believe is a wonderful expression. And in this chapter, he

expression. And in this chapter, he speaks about the time of

speaks about the time of peacemakers, your

peacemakers, your peaceuilders that I wanted to read, if

peaceuilders that I wanted to read, if you will allow

you will allow me. Let's see if I can find the

me. Let's see if I can find the page. And I will read from the book. And

page. And I will read from the book. And I think this is something

beautiful for you and that will allow us to keep

to keep talking. Peacemakers building peace is

talking. Peacemakers building peace is the most intense way of working as a

the most intense way of working as a democrat. You guarantee rights in a

democrat. You guarantee rights in a specific way for coexistence from the

specific way for coexistence from the certainty that coexistence will be

certainty that coexistence will be impossible when there is violence.

impossible when there is violence. Therefore, democracy and peace are born

Therefore, democracy and peace are born from the same wish having the adequate

from the same wish having the adequate model to

model to coexist. And I would like to add

coexist. And I would like to add something also quoting Mr. Tapato's

something also quoting Mr. Tapato's book. The mediator must understand that

book. The mediator must understand that most of the times he or she will feel

most of the times he or she will feel fail but in any case he or she will

fail but in any case he or she will persevere. you won't uh achieve a peace

persevere. you won't uh achieve a peace nor on the first or nor second

nor on the first or nor second attempt. So, thank you. Thank you for

attempt. So, thank you. Thank you for your

your perseverance and a big round of applause

perseverance and a big round of applause for you

for you [Applause]

all. We're doing quite well with time. So, thank you for that. And now we come

So, thank you for that. And now we come back here to the

back here to the And this is spaces for you to reflect

And this is spaces for you to reflect and feel make proposals. And now I would

and feel make proposals. And now I would like to focus on something that is quite

like to focus on something that is quite fundamental. It's not a theoretical

fundamental. It's not a theoretical exercise. It's more a personal and

exercise. It's more a personal and emotional exercise. Before giving the

emotional exercise. Before giving the floor to our colleagues from the Antonio

floor to our colleagues from the Antonio Mat High School, we are lucky enough to

Mat High School, we are lucky enough to have someone from here from Gika from

have someone from here from Gika from this city.

this city. And that is so important for

And that is so important for peace.

peace. And today we start commemorating this

And today we start commemorating this important date. But

important date. But Elena, we talked about the session

Elena, we talked about the session before. We talked about how important it

before. We talked about how important it is to address the challenges, the

is to address the challenges, the current

current challenges that I said before are linked

challenges that I said before are linked to young people.

to young people. And what is the conversation amongst

And what is the conversation amongst young people from different communities

young people from different communities and also those context that have to do

and also those context that have to do with where you do things in a more

with where you do things in a more intense manner as young people which is

intense manner as young people which is the space of social media and how you

the space of social media and how you can also build peace in social media. So

can also build peace in social media. So Elena I give you uh the floor. You're

Elena I give you uh the floor. You're free to tell us whatever you want to

free to tell us whatever you want to tell us before we start talking with the

tell us before we start talking with the other

panelists. Elena is saying a few words in Basque and she will repeat them in

in Basque and she will repeat them in Spanish and then we will interpret for

Spanish and then we will interpret for you. So unfortunately there's no Basque

you. So unfortunately there's no Basque interpretation today. Bear with us.

Yes, Hana. We talked before about responsibility. My responsibility not

responsibility. My responsibility not only because I'm from this town, because

only because I'm from this town, because I'm also a woman, a young woman. So, on

I'm also a woman, a young woman. So, on behalf of whom am I

behalf of whom am I speaking? And I would like to go back to

speaking? And I would like to go back to what we were saying before and how

what we were saying before and how sometimes we talked about youth as a one

sometimes we talked about youth as a one and not the plural

and not the plural youths because when we saw was going to

youths because when we saw was going to be in this panel we can see that we

be in this panel we can see that we represent many different youths. The

represent many different youths. The context of

context of Shaia Orana and Cresente is very

Shaia Orana and Cresente is very different. We represent different

different. We represent different [Music]

[Music] people. I also see in myself

people. I also see in myself specifically as a young

specifically as a young person and a teacher and my

person and a teacher and my responsibility is not the same as yours.

responsibility is not the same as yours. But still we treat the youth and

But still we treat the youth and singular with all that this

needs. This is generated in me um a different feelings sometimes opposite

different feelings sometimes opposite feelings. So taking this as the starting

feelings. So taking this as the starting point, I would like to say that we are

point, I would like to say that we are part of this youth that understands that

part of this youth that understands that we cannot all be global leaders like the

we cannot all be global leaders like the three examples we had today. Those

three examples we had today. Those leaders that want to change absolutely

leaders that want to change absolutely everything. First of all, we need to

everything. First of all, we need to recognize that it's not a reality, but

recognize that it's not a reality, but this opens up other doors and

this opens up other doors and possibilities because we can all be

possibilities because we can all be change makers. We can be agents of

change makers. We can be agents of change and we can all contribute in our

change and we can all contribute in our own lives or whatever our age or the

own lives or whatever our age or the uh situation in which we live. Of

uh situation in which we live. Of course, context limits us and we are not

course, context limits us and we are not only

only addressing the young people in the way

addressing the young people in the way which they need. I believe that

which they need. I believe that now there's a difference

now there's a difference or

or smaller gaps

smaller gaps between ages. Maybe I could communicate

between ages. Maybe I could communicate better with someone that is 10 years

better with someone that is 10 years older than me than 5 years younger. and

older than me than 5 years younger. and you will probably use a vocabulary that

you will probably use a vocabulary that I don't know that well. So we need to be

I don't know that well. So we need to be aware of this and we need to understand

aware of this and we need to understand how we send messages so that the

how we send messages so that the responsibility of the young people is

responsibility of the young people is not al not also implies the

not al not also implies the responsibility of understanding specific

responsibility of understanding specific terminology and I would also like to

terminology and I would also like to speak about the big or gigantic hurdle

speak about the big or gigantic hurdle of the limitation of social media.

of the limitation of social media. far away from being an enhancing tool

far away from being an enhancing tool and this might sound topical but if you

and this might sound topical but if you are in the wrong algorithm it is very

are in the wrong algorithm it is very difficult to move away from there. So

difficult to move away from there. So what are the messages we're sending out

what are the messages we're sending out to young people and how do we generate

to young people and how do we generate critical

critical thinking more

thinking more specifically if we talk about someone

specifically if we talk about someone like or myself that are in a stage where

like or myself that are in a stage where there's no more education and we need to

there's no more education and we need to decide what we want to learn. Sometimes

decide what we want to learn. Sometimes all the resources are not there for us

all the resources are not there for us to take while at the same time we have

to take while at the same time we have responsibility with others in my case as

responsibility with others in my case as a teacher in the case of because we're

a teacher in the case of because we're more or less the same age as a leader of

more or less the same age as a leader of the future. So, are we given the tools

the future. So, are we given the tools to be able to break the uh barrier of

to be able to break the uh barrier of algorithms because we belong to a

algorithms because we belong to a generation in which you're scrolling in

generation in which you're scrolling in your screen and you see a a very clear

your screen and you see a a very clear genocide or a recipe of a patai in one

genocide or a recipe of a patai in one second. So

second. So somehow we are anesticized to what is

somehow we are anesticized to what is happening globally because of this way

happening globally because of this way of receiving the

news. And of course each one of us has his or her own responsibility. But

his or her own responsibility. But there's also other syndromes that are

there's also other syndromes that are arising from this. like for example echo

arising from this. like for example echo anxiety which is something affecting

anxiety which is something affecting those young people feeling responsible

those young people feeling responsible for what other previous generations did

for what other previous generations did and there's many elements that are not

and there's many elements that are not uh talked about for example youth taken

uh talked about for example youth taken as a a one only thing when there's so

as a a one only thing when there's so much diversity or even today we have a

much diversity or even today we have a whole morning with many diverse agents

whole morning with many diverse agents that from

that from their background

their background [Music]

[Music] give us their view and then here we have

give us their view and then here we have all these different young people that

all these different young people that probably don't have a common

probably don't have a common perspective. It will take us really long

perspective. It will take us really long to be able to get there. So when

to be able to get there. So when I saw that we were going to talk about

I saw that we were going to talk about young voices, I wanted to make sure that

young voices, I wanted to make sure that everyone understood that we are many

everyone understood that we are many different have many different voices.

different have many different voices. There's many different youth voices and

There's many different youth voices and of course we have our responsibilities

of course we have our responsibilities but there are also limitations to this

but there are also limitations to this [Applause]

[Applause] responsibilities. Should we tell the

responsibilities. Should we tell the anecdote of how we

anecdote of how we met? We met by

met? We met by chance. Not by chance. you were going to

chance. Not by chance. you were going to participate but we were in a specific

participate but we were in a specific place and Elena was there and I said

place and Elena was there and I said Elena Hana and then we started

Elena Hana and then we started talking and then we stayed

together and what you wanted to add to this

and what you wanted to add to this discussion is really important because

discussion is really important because if at

if at least

I didn't think about this but I think it really makes sense to see that how these

really makes sense to see that how these young people have different demands and

young people have different demands and different knowhow too as well as

different knowhow too as well as different life experience. That is true

different life experience. That is true and you explained this very well, very

and you explained this very well, very clearly how you can adapt to a

clearly how you can adapt to a conversation with someone that is older

conversation with someone that is older but it's more difficult more difficult

but it's more difficult more difficult regarding connection. I mean to connect

regarding connection. I mean to connect with people that are even younger that

with people that are even younger that have a more open mind or that have

have a more open mind or that have evolved differently which of course is

evolved differently which of course is great but it's difficult to have a

great but it's difficult to have a conversation and to have this

conversation and to have this intergenerational dialogue. And now we

intergenerational dialogue. And now we go on to the young and very well

go on to the young and very well educated and trained uh people that

educated and trained uh people that we've

um have participating with us today. I think it's going to be worthwhile.

think it's going to be worthwhile. There's some pressure but this is an

There's some pressure but this is an exercise of reflection. You can talk

exercise of reflection. You can talk about what you feel, what you think. And

about what you feel, what you think. And the aim of this session, the goal was to

the aim of this session, the goal was to listen to each other, to understand and

listen to each other, to understand and to learn from each other. So zero fear

to learn from each other. So zero fear from uh to criticism. We need to be

from uh to criticism. We need to be critical even if sometimes we don't

critical even if sometimes we don't understand what you're saying, but we

understand what you're saying, but we have to do whatever possible to

have to do whatever possible to understand each other.

understand each other. So here we have the three students from

So here we have the three students from the Antonio Matad High

the Antonio Matad High School and this is the final uh round. I

School and this is the final uh round. I think we're doing quite well on time. Is

think we're doing quite well on time. Is that

okay? There are questions that seem to be obvious but aren't. And maybe many of

be obvious but aren't. And maybe many of you maybe of you in the room have asked

you maybe of you in the room have asked yourselves these questions or asked them

yourselves these questions or asked them uh in the past or have stopped asking

uh in the past or have stopped asking this question. I must confess when I was

this question. I must confess when I was preparing the session with them. I asked

preparing the session with them. I asked myself uh how long ago ago did I ask

myself uh how long ago ago did I ask myself what peace means to me? Because

myself what peace means to me? Because it's not always easy to express. It's

it's not always easy to express. It's like saying I love you. You need to say

like saying I love you. You need to say it. You need to say the

it. You need to say the words.

So I'm going to ask this simple questions that I hope you can answer in

questions that I hope you can answer in the calm

the calm manner because I said the most difficult

manner because I said the most difficult audience for me is young people and for

audience for me is young people and for all these authorities and people that

all these authorities and people that you believe are important. You're also

you believe are important. You're also the most difficult audience too because

the most difficult audience too because we need to reach out to you. So the

we need to reach out to you. So the question I was asking before is what is

question I was asking before is what is the meaning of a piece for you in your

the meaning of a piece for you in your lives in your history in your cultural

lives in your history in your cultural context in your families in your high

context in your families in your high school? If you believe this is a part of

school? If you believe this is a part of your life, do you practice it in an

your life, do you practice it in an conscious or unconscious manner? And

conscious or unconscious manner? And mainly and if you want

to do you believe that your voice has to be expressed because without your voices

be expressed because without your voices things won't progress. We can design

things won't progress. We can design thousands of things but at the end of

thousands of things but at the end of the day you are the main change makers

the day you are the main change makers for the future and that's why you are

for the future and that's why you are here and I hope tomorrow you remember

here and I hope tomorrow you remember this moment as a interesting moment of

this moment as a interesting moment of your lives at least but this is for you

your lives at least but this is for you to simply reflect on the idea of peace

to simply reflect on the idea of peace and if you have any requests any

and if you have any requests any demands if you want to say As young

demands if you want to say As young people, we would need this to feel part

people, we would need this to feel part of the movement. We will take note of

of the movement. We will take note of that. So, we would finish the

that. So, we would finish the uh this round with this and we are going

uh this round with this and we are going to start with Deia. Deia, you have the

to start with Deia. Deia, you have the floor. Well, good afternoon everyone.

floor. Well, good afternoon everyone. First of all, thank you. Thank you for

First of all, thank you. Thank you for inviting us and for making this event

inviting us and for making this event possible from our school. We would like

possible from our school. We would like to say thank you for it's an honor to be

to say thank you for it's an honor to be here with people that fight for peace

here with people that fight for peace and in general terms that fight so that

and in general terms that fight so that we can all coexist and respect each

we can all coexist and respect each other.

other. First of all, I would like to underline

First of all, I would like to underline what you said regarding we can all be

what you said regarding we can all be change

change makers. I think it represents our

makers. I think it represents our reality. A small action in your daily

reality. A small action in your daily life is a change. Sometimes we believe

life is a change. Sometimes we believe we need to start with the big h actions

we need to start with the big h actions but really with the small ones you're

but really with the small ones you're already contributing. I also very much

already contributing. I also very much agree with what you said regarding the

agree with what you said regarding the different youths. We are all young and

different youths. We are all young and are part of the youth but there's

are part of the youth but there's different uh ways of seeing the world.

different uh ways of seeing the world. We are young but we are different and we

We are young but we are different and we each have a different backgrounds and

each have a different backgrounds and experiences. It is fundamental for us

experiences. It is fundamental for us young people to uh have a voice. What

young people to uh have a voice. What we're trying to do now is to try and

we're trying to do now is to try and improve the world. Why are we doing

improve the world. Why are we doing this? Because at the end of the day,

this? Because at the end of the day, this is what we will be inheriting. And

this is what we will be inheriting. And not only us, but also our children. and

not only us, but also our children. and the children of our children and all

the children of our children and all those generations that will come uh

those generations that will come uh after. So our ideas, our

after. So our ideas, our dreams also need to be taken into

dreams also need to be taken into account and we need to be able to know

account and we need to be able to know how to express them in the best way

how to express them in the best way possible so that we can be understood.

So what I think is that we can also present new

think is that we can also present new takes or new perspectives which perhaps

takes or new perspectives which perhaps are things that you cannot see in other

are things that you cannot see in other civilizations because they've uh

civilizations because they've uh experienced other kinds of events. And

experienced other kinds of events. And for me the piece is all about managing

for me the piece is all about managing to coexist with everybody else. Let's

to coexist with everybody else. Let's have a round of applause for this young

have a round of applause for this young lady, please.

Okay. Well, let's move on to you now. What is peace from your point of

now. What is peace from your point of view? Because you were saying to me

view? Because you were saying to me before, well, I think that this issue of

before, well, I think that this issue of the voice of the young people is an

the voice of the young people is an important subject. So, please um let's

important subject. So, please um let's see what you have to say about this.

see what you have to say about this. Well, good afternoon and thank you for

Well, good afternoon and thank you for offering the opportunity to be here this

offering the opportunity to be here this afternoon. We young people have a

afternoon. We young people have a completely different mindset as my

completely different mindset as my colleague pointed out. And through

colleague pointed out. And through actions like activism or through the

actions like activism or through the volunteer movements, we are acquiring

volunteer movements, we are acquiring new skills and

new skills and competencies such as for instance

competencies such as for instance communication or team work. And we even

communication or team work. And we even learn to develop a critical kind of

learn to develop a critical kind of thought that helps us forge new opinions

thought that helps us forge new opinions and reflections on those things that we

and reflections on those things that we perhaps had not thought about

perhaps had not thought about previously.

previously. Because all of these opinions have to be

Because all of these opinions have to be taken into account when you take a

taken into account when you take a decision because peace peace is force

decision because peace peace is force that allows us to head towards the

that allows us to head towards the future in our society. And that's all

future in our society. And that's all from me. Thank you.

from me. Thank you. Great. Wonderful.

We finished with our We're going to finish this with our last participant

finish this with our last participant with Shada from high school and she's

with Shada from high school and she's going to explain what peace is from her

going to explain what peace is from her perspective. Well, firstly, good

perspective. Well, firstly, good afternoon everybody.

Thanks for offering us the opportunity to be here and uh what I I

to be here and uh what I I consider as regards to what my

consider as regards to what my colleagues mentioned previously for me

colleagues mentioned previously for me peace is all about the absence of

peace is all about the absence of conflict and the presence of harmony in

conflict and the presence of harmony in countries as well as in society at

countries as well as in society at large. For instance, at our high school,

large. For instance, at our high school, we have several mediator students in

we have several mediator students in different terms.

different terms. Whenever there's conflict, they help

Whenever there's conflict, they help solve

solve it. On the other hand, I also consider

it. On the other hand, I also consider that we could avoid

that we could avoid messages on social media and empathize

messages on social media and empathize more with other

people so that these messages are not harmful. And finally and on behalf of

harmful. And finally and on behalf of our high school Antonio I would like to

our high school Antonio I would like to thank our mayor in SA for giving us the

thank our mayor in SA for giving us the opportunity to be here today. Thank you

opportunity to be here today. Thank you very

very [Applause]

much. Many many many thanks for speaking. We have a few minutes left.

speaking. We have a few minutes left. See it's a question. Yes we do. just a

See it's a question. Yes we do. just a little bit. Okay.

little bit. Okay. Because we've already done what we're

Because we've already done what we're supposed to do and now it's a bit of a

supposed to do and now it's a bit of a mess now, but it's it's just a minor

mess now, but it's it's just a minor mess. Okay. Especially Well, it's this

mess. Okay. Especially Well, it's this is for you three. And this is a very

is for you three. And this is a very straightforward question and now that

straightforward question and now that this is over and done with and now that

this is over and done with and now that you're no longer stressed, are you glad

you're no longer stressed, are you glad to have joined us on the panel

to have joined us on the panel discussion?

Are you happy about that? Are you happy about your participation

about your participation now? Now that things are nice and calm

now? Now that things are nice and calm again and now just imagine that nobody's

again and now just imagine that nobody's listening to us anymore. Yes, I think

listening to us anymore. Yes, I think so. Because after

so. Because after all the fact that we can organize

all the fact that we can organize activities of this kind, initiatives

activities of this kind, initiatives that have a very good weight, it might

that have a very good weight, it might seem otherwise and they make us also

seem otherwise and they make us also think about what it is we are doing

think about what it is we are doing exactly and what is it we want to do in

exactly and what is it we want to do in the

the future. Because knowing what the past

future. Because knowing what the past was like and also knowing what's going

was like and also knowing what's going on at this uh point in time with all of

on at this uh point in time with all of the means that we know about we can

the means that we know about we can definitely make a contribution towards

definitely make a contribution towards building a future that will be much

building a future that will be much better for everybody. And uh for me the

better for everybody. And uh for me the fact that we have opportunities of this

fact that we have opportunities of this kind is something incredible. Not only

kind is something incredible. Not only because of the fact that these are

because of the fact that these are discussions and that many many people

discussions and that many many people can have access to these discussions but

can have access to these discussions but also think because you learn lots of

also think because you learn lots of things when you look at things from this

things when you look at things from this perspective and it's very beautiful and

perspective and it's very beautiful and it's also very significant because in

it's also very significant because in many times and thanks to activities of

many times and thanks to activities of this

this kind we we do is that we notice is that

kind we we do is that we notice is that yes we can get things and and I want to

yes we can get things and and I want to join a volunteer movement by the way.

join a volunteer movement by the way. But from my perspective, I think that

But from my perspective, I think that all of this is incredible.

Does anybody want to join the program? Does do you want to join anybody here to

Does do you want to join anybody here to join in the upcoming program? Well,

join in the upcoming program? Well, let's say that after all I'm have um

let's say that after all I'm have um some people some of my colleagues are

some people some of my colleagues are working as volunteers and this for me is

working as volunteers and this for me is like another

like another step in what has to do with what I enjoy

step in what has to do with what I enjoy doing really and that is it's all about

doing really and that is it's all about trying to solve things properly and it's

trying to solve things properly and it's all about seeing that if there's a

all about seeing that if there's a conflict well obviously they do exist

conflict well obviously they do exist and it's good for there to be conflicts

and it's good for there to be conflicts that they be solved properly and that

that they be solved properly and that they not be solved by resorting to

they not be solved by resorting to violence. And I'm not only talking about

violence. And I'm not only talking about physical violence, but I'm also

physical violence, but I'm also referring to verbal violence. And for

referring to verbal violence. And for me, this is an impressive initiative.

me, this is an impressive initiative. Thank you very much. Let's have a round

Thank you very much. Let's have a round of applause for our friend. Thank you.

You don't have to answer if you don't want to. Okay. Well, you know,

want to. Okay. Well, you know, if you want to answer, yes. Yes, you do.

if you want to answer, yes. Yes, you do. Well, I found that this discussion is a

Well, I found that this discussion is a completely new and different experience.

completely new and different experience. And it's important for there to be

And it's important for there to be discussions of this kind because as my

discussions of this kind because as my colleague said, it's important for us to

colleague said, it's important for us to get to know the conflicts that are

get to know the conflicts that are taking place right now and also learn

taking place right now and also learn more about the organizations that are

more about the organizations that are there to promote peace because many

there to promote peace because many times we forget about what kinds of

times we forget about what kinds of means are used to mediate in a conflict

means are used to mediate in a conflict but we just say that okay that they

but we just say that okay that they exist but we don't really become

exist but we don't really become involved in anything. And I found that

involved in anything. And I found that this is a way of getting to know things

this is a way of getting to know things and discovering different ways of

and discovering different ways of approaching peace and conflicts, of

approaching peace and conflicts, of becoming aware of what is going on

becoming aware of what is going on because these are things that sometimes

because these are things that sometimes we don't see in our daily lives. This

we don't see in our daily lives. This was explained perfectly well by Elena.

was explained perfectly well by Elena. When we lose somebody that is guiding

When we lose somebody that is guiding us, you are either active to want to see

us, you are either active to want to see what the peaceful solutions are like and

what the peaceful solutions are like and to see that there are lots of good

to see that there are lots of good people doing very good things, but let's

people doing very good things, but let's say that the media doesn't really help

say that the media doesn't really help us a lot. And I like what you said about

us a lot. And I like what you said about scrolling through things and you're

scrolling through things and you're seeing a horrible picture and all of a

seeing a horrible picture and all of a sudden you come across an outfit that

sudden you come across an outfit that you like or a recipe too on the same

you like or a recipe too on the same page and that's absolute madness. But in

page and that's absolute madness. But in any case, it's very important to talk

any case, it's very important to talk about. She would you like to say

about. She would you like to say something?

something? Well, yes, I agree in with all of what

Well, yes, I agree in with all of what my colleagues have just pointed out.

my colleagues have just pointed out. It's important to know what's going on

It's important to know what's going on with these conflicts to try to do

with these conflicts to try to do something to prevent them prevent them

something to prevent them prevent them from happening in the future. And little

from happening in the future. And little more can I say about this. Thank you.

questions, please. But do you have a microphone, please, so that we can hear

microphone, please, so that we can hear what you have to say? Because otherwise,

what you have to say? Because otherwise, we won't be able to hear you. So, please

we won't be able to hear you. So, please raise your hand.

raise your hand. They're not using a microphone, so I'm

They're not using a microphone, so I'm afraid that we cannot hear what's being

afraid that we cannot hear what's being said in the in the auditorium. Now, just

said in the in the auditorium. Now, just hold on a minute. N's coming your way

hold on a minute. N's coming your way with a microphone, and you can use it to

with a microphone, and you can use it to ask your question.

ask your question. Yes. Yes. What you said that at your

Yes. Yes. What you said that at your high school there are mediators too to

high school there are mediators too to solve conflicts, right? That you have

solve conflicts, right? That you have five not mistaken. You have five

five not mistaken. You have five mediators or how many do you have? Well,

mediators or how many do you have? Well, quite a few but in different forms.

quite a few but in different forms. Well, it depends on depends on the level

Well, it depends on depends on the level of studies involved. Well, let's say

of studies involved. Well, let's say that our high school is the Antonio

that our high school is the Antonio Machado High School and we have

Machado High School and we have mediators at the secondary education

mediators at the secondary education level and if there's any conflict or if

level and if there's any conflict or if uh there's any difference of opinion

uh there's any difference of opinion especially between students what they do

especially between students what they do is intervene so that these conflicts can

is intervene so that these conflicts can be solved as best as possible or as

be solved as best as possible or as peaceful and as uh and friendly in

peaceful and as uh and friendly in possible and I think that this is an

possible and I think that this is an initi ative that should be adopted by

initi ative that should be adopted by all high

all high schools and this is done in second,

schools and this is done in second, third and fourth year of basic

third and fourth year of basic education. And how are these mediators

education. And how are these mediators appointed or chosen?

appointed or chosen? [Music]

[Music] All the people first um volunteer for

All the people first um volunteer for the position

the position and they become mediators and what you

and they become mediators and what you do well with these volunteers you work

do well with these volunteers you work with them and they receive a specific

with them and they receive a specific kind of

kind of training. First they're given they're

training. First they're given they're given a presentation and then they

given a presentation and then they receive training and that from that

receive training and that from that moment onwards that they can apply what

moment onwards that they can apply what they've learned to the conflicts because

they've learned to the conflicts because it's not easy to deal with people like

it's not easy to deal with people like us.

But after receiving the training, I think that they are totally able to deal

think that they are totally able to deal with these situations. Okay, wonderful.

with these situations. Okay, wonderful. Thank you very much for the answer.

Thank you very much for the answer. Thank you. Any more

Thank you. Any more [Applause]

questions? Okay. So, we've had a great time, haven't we?

time, haven't we? Okay. I suppose that you want to repeat

Okay. I suppose that you want to repeat one of these days. I know we mentioned

one of these days. I know we mentioned that before. We're going to close the

that before. We're going to close the session here and dear dear participants

session here and dear dear participants over the internet those of you that are

over the internet those of you that are connected it's very early in your

connected it's very early in your countries thanks many thanks for your

countries thanks many thanks for your effort it's also be a great honor to

effort it's also be a great honor to meet

you and thank you thank you all very much indeed for being so clear and also

much indeed for being so clear and also for being so full of hope and also thank

for being so full of hope and also thank you for being critical too because we

you for being critical too because we have to bear in mind your criticisms and

have to bear in mind your criticisms and once again we are in Gnika it's a very

once again we are in Gnika it's a very important place where

important place where we remember what happened years ago and

we remember what happened years ago and I think it's a wonderful place to send

I think it's a wonderful place to send out a message to the rest of the world

out a message to the rest of the world and in this case then that is that young

and in this case then that is that young people don't expect things to change but

people don't expect things to change but you change things and even if you don't

you change things and even if you don't notice that you're changing things but

notice that you're changing things but by the time you notice that you have

by the time you notice that you have changed things you'll definitely see

changed things you'll definitely see that it is worthwhile to put your takes

that it is worthwhile to put your takes on peace and

coexistence. So don't forget about the algorithm that only produces despair and

algorithm that only produces despair and that feels us very uncomfortable from

that feels us very uncomfortable from the personal front. Of course there is

the personal front. Of course there is personal discomfort but there's lots of

personal discomfort but there's lots of hope because there's lots of very good

hope because there's lots of very good people doing good things too. Your

people doing good things too. Your teachers and your principal. Let's have

teachers and your principal. Let's have a round of applause too

a round of applause too for Miguel please. Let's have a big

for Miguel please. Let's have a big round of applause for these three

round of applause for these three [Applause]

people. Another applause for the

applause for the super. Let's have a big round of

super. Let's have a big round of applause for Gadlos. Don't hide now.

applause for Gadlos. Don't hide now. This is for you this applause.

This is for you this applause. And I think that what we have shared

And I think that what we have shared today, well, this is the final session

today, well, this is the final session because now we have the projection of

because now we have the projection of the film not only on this panel but also

the film not only on this panel but also on the previous panels that were super

on the previous panels that were super beautiful, super inspirational. We've

beautiful, super inspirational. We've learned a lot and I'm now going to leave

learned a lot and I'm now going to leave with a tremendous amount of positive

with a tremendous amount of positive energy. Although there's always um

energy. Although there's always um ingenuity that you shouldn't lose and

ingenuity that you shouldn't lose and I'm now 47 and I haven't lost my

I'm now 47 and I haven't lost my ingenuity and I'm not going to lose it

ingenuity and I'm not going to lose it either. And here we have the example

either. And here we have the example [Music]

[Music] of this is a call for peace but it's a

of this is a call for peace but it's a very quiet call although firm call for

very quiet call although firm call for peace too. So, thank you very much to

peace too. So, thank you very much to all of you people that have attended the

all of you people that have attended the session. Thank you.

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YouTube Transcript:Day1: Call for Peace, the End of Wars, and Respect for International Law (Gernika, Spain)

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Day1: Call for Peace, the End of Wars, and Respect for International Law (Gernika, Spain)