0:04 technology today when we think of
0:06 Technology we instantly think of the
0:08 tools that are integrated into everyday
0:09 routines and essentially they're there
0:13 to make life easier for us like a TV a
0:16 microwave an air conditioner a laptop a
0:20 camera Beats headphone an iPhone the
0:24 list continues on and on and on and on and
0:25 and
0:27 on sometimes we don't even think twice
0:29 about what technology does for us every
0:31 day we even take it for granted
0:34 technology now is as natural to us as it
0:36 is riding a bike we think of Technology
0:39 as a means to an end as well as a human
0:44 activity but what exactly the is
0:47 technology what do all technological
0:50 things have in common we are going to
0:52 discover what exactly technology is in
0:54 Martin heiger the question concerning
0:56 technology I'll try to keep the heiger
0:58 isms to a limit by trying to simplify
1:00 his Concepts as well as make this an
1:02 enjoyable presentation for you as it is
1:06 for me so yes technology is a means to
1:07 an end otherwise known as to
1:09 instrumental and a human activity
1:11 otherwise known as the
1:13 anthropological is this statement enough
1:17 for haiger no of course not it's heiger
1:20 he says yes it is technically correct
1:22 but not adequate enough to Define what
1:25 technology really is so in order for us
1:27 to fully comprehend technology we need
1:30 to have a free relationship to to it and
1:32 we will discuss exactly what heiger
1:34 means by that later on it is also
1:36 important that in a heiger world that we
1:38 do not view technology the way we think
1:41 of it currently which are instrumentum
1:43 or tools or Aids such as the iPhone
1:46 glasses or even Donald Trump's tou pay
1:49 but instead we are seeking Technology's
1:52 Essence it is crucial for haiger and
1:54 also for us that we know that technology
1:57 does not equal to Technology's Essence
2:00 when we discover Technology's essence we
2:02 discovered the commonality that all
2:04 Technologies share but let's rewind a
2:07 bit technology is a means to an end and
2:10 a human activity but suppose now that
2:12 technology were no mere means how would
2:15 it stand with the will to master it we
2:17 will not find its Essence if we think
2:19 conceptually but rather we need to
2:21 approach this metaphysically haiger
2:23 moves away from this idea of
2:25 instrumental versus anthropological and
2:27 now we dig deeper into his philosophical
2:29 side wherever there's an effect there is
2:30 a Cause
2:32 technology is an instrumentum so
2:34 wherever instrumentality Reigns there
2:37 Reigns causality haiger now dives into
2:39 Aristotle's metaphysics of causality
2:41 otherwise known as the four causes
2:44 heiger uses the Silver Chalice as an
2:46 example in explaining these causes so
2:48 first we have the CAA materialis the
2:50 matter or material of which it is made
2:52 and in this case we have the silver
2:54 secondly we have the CAA formales the
2:56 logos to form structure in which it is
2:58 shaped in this case the Chalice curved
3:02 form thirdly the causa fican the source
3:04 of the change or rest that brings about
3:05 what is made in this case the silver
3:08 smith and last but not least the fourth
3:10 cause the cause of finales the final
3:12 effect and reason of why it is made and
3:15 escap the sacrificial right and voila
3:19 what is revealed the Silver Chalice
3:21 heiger often refers to the unconcealment
3:24 we bring forth from nothing we think of
3:26 an idea and make it into something
3:30 tangible unconcealment equals Altha ala
3:34 is Greek for truth technology is a mode
3:36 of revealing technology comes to
3:37 presence in the realm where revealing
3:41 and uncon take place where ala truth
3:43 happens reintroduce meaning where there
3:47 used to be a vague conception but how is
3:49 technology revealing haiger infers that
3:51 we must think of revealing or bringing
3:53 forth as poesis not only handicraft
3:55 manufacture not only artistic and
3:57 poetical bringing into appearance and
3:59 concrete imagery is a bringing forth
4:01 poesis in other words we must be
4:03 sensitive and so to speak poetic to what
4:06 is for what presences are laid out
4:08 before us another important term heiger
4:10 mentions is the word Tech which is skill
4:12 technique and also the Arts of the mind
4:14 and the Fine Arts Tech belongs to
4:17 Bringing forth to poesis it is something
4:19 poetic when one encompasses both poesis
4:22 and tech one can reveal to us so based
4:24 on all of this information is it safe to
4:26 say that Technology's Essence is that it
4:30 reveals Altha or truth to us m according
4:33 to haiger yes but no haiger uses the
4:36 Silver Chalice to convey causality but
4:38 can this concept apply to modern
4:41 technology modern technology goes beyond
4:43 causality and it has also changed the
4:45 pattern revealing something quite
4:47 different and radically new what is
4:50 modern technology it is too revealing
4:51 only when we allow our attention to rest
4:53 on this fundamental characteristic does
4:55 that which is new in modern technology
4:58 show itself to us so are we only worried
4:59 about technology the essence of
5:02 technology because we are scared of what
5:04 we created into the world this is one of
5:06 the fundamental questions that heiger
5:08 tries to find an answer to how is modern
5:11 technology any different there is
5:13 something very distinctive about modern
5:15 technology we go farther away from
5:17 poesis and more towards Tech in which
5:19 the revealing that rules in modern
5:21 technology is a challenging which puts
5:23 to Nature the unreasonable demand that
5:25 is supply energy that can be extracted
5:29 and stored as such unlike earlier times
5:32 when man simply brings forth today man
5:35 challenges forth in other words we use
5:37 and manipulate the resources nature
5:40 gives to us to manufacture to create or
5:43 to reveal technology that is
5:45 manmade however haiger goes on to say
5:47 that although the windmill is a
5:50 technological device made by man the
5:52 idea of challenging does not apply here
5:55 instead the wind is left as is yes we
5:57 use it for energy but the windmill does
5:59 not unlock energy from the air current
6:02 in order to store it the windmill is
6:03 technology that satisfies human without
6:06 hurting nature and what heiger imposes
6:07 here is that perhaps we need more of
6:10 these Technologies then on the other end
6:12 of the spectrum man challenges resources
6:14 when he mines coal or when he cultivates
6:16 his Farm soil agriculture is now the
6:18 mechanized food industry air is now set
6:20 upon to yield nitrogen the Earth to
6:23 yield or or to yield uranium for example
6:25 uranium is set upon to yield atomic
6:27 energy which can be released either for
6:30 destruction or for peaceful use when we
6:32 challenge Nature's resources we always
6:34 want the maximum yield at the minimum
6:38 expense so what do we also do we store
6:41 energy if we are not using it such
6:42 challenging happens in that the energy
6:44 concealed in nature is unlocked what is
6:46 unlocked is transformed what is
6:48 transformed is stored up what is stored
6:50 up is in turn distributed and what is
6:52 distributed is Switched about ever a new
6:54 according to heiger these are always
6:55 ways of revealing but it is revealing
6:58 that never comes to an end now this is
7:00 where it gets tricky Iger often uses the
7:02 term the stun or the standing Reserve to
7:05 essentially describe how man perceives
7:07 resources man no longer sees them for
7:09 what they actually are but instead sees
7:12 them as ways to fulfill man's needs
7:14 haiger uses durine a famous European
7:17 river as an example he argues that man
7:19 no longer sees the rine for what it is
7:21 which is a large body of water a river
7:25 so we don't see it as this or this or
7:30 this but instead we see the Rind as this
7:33 this and this instead a hydroelectric
7:35 plant is set into the current of the
7:38 Rind to produce electricity for man man
7:39 does not see the river's natural
7:41 tendencies but rather only sees the
7:43 Power it will give to him and therefore
7:46 he sees it as a standing Reserve another
7:49 term heiger frequently uses is Gastel or
7:51 INF framing we Challenge and see things
7:53 as standing reserves because we are
7:55 constantly INF framing everything around
7:57 us and framing means the Gathering
7:59 Together of that studing upon which upon
8:02 man I.E challenges in forth to reveal
8:04 the real in the mode or ordering as
8:07 standing Reserve when we inframe we UNC
8:09 conceal the standing Reserve we lose
8:11 sight of the things that do not fit in
8:13 the standing Reserve category back into
8:16 concealment when we inframe as humans we
8:18 always view how nature should fit with
8:20 us instead of viewing how we should fit
8:23 with nature we are a very narcissistic
8:25 race in general heiger says that instead
8:28 of allowing nature as G or to give and
8:30 to reveal on its own terms bringing
8:33 forth we inframe and take its resources
8:35 for granted and appropriate them as
8:38 standing reserves when we see this we
8:41 actually see this when we see this we
8:44 actually see this and when we see this
8:47 we unfortunately see this we are
8:49 questioning concerning technology in
8:51 order to bring to light our relationship
8:54 to its Essence and framing is the
8:56 essence of modern
8:58 technology does this mean that we see
9:01 the entire world as our standing Reserve
9:03 let's look at a contemporary example
9:05 that eloquently addresses the standing
9:07 Reserve gestell or INF Framing and also
9:10 heer's concerns about the danger of
9:14 Technology out there there a world
9:15 outside of
9:20 yers way out there Beyond this hick town
9:24 Barnaby there's a slick Town
9:28 barnab out there full of shine and full
9:29 of spark
9:35 call close your eyes and sit listen
9:47 Barnaby put on your Sunday clothes
9:49 there's lots of wh out
9:52 there get out the brilliant team and dime
9:54 dime
9:57 cigars we're going to find Adventure in
10:00 the evening and
10:02 girls in white in a perfume night with
10:05 the lights are bright as the Stars put
10:08 on your Sunday clothes we going to ride through
10:09 through
10:14 town in one of those new horsedrawn open
10:17 cars we'll see the shows of and we'll
10:21 close the town in a world and weon come
13:09 [Music] [Applause]
13:11 [Applause] [Music]
13:27 too much garbage in your face there's
13:29 plenty of space out in space
13:32 BNL starliners leaving each day we'll
13:41 away the Jewel of the BNL Fleet the
13:44 Axiom spend your 5-year Cruise in style
13:47 waited on 24 hours a day by our fully
13:49 automated crew while your captain and
13:51 autopilot chart a course for Non-Stop
13:54 entertainment find dining and with our
13:56 all access hover chairs even Grandma can
13:59 join the fun there's no need to walk
14:02 the axom putting the star in executive
14:05 Starliner because at BNL space is the
14:18 [Music]
14:21 here we see how even at the peak of
14:24 human survival we still use or inframe
14:26 the universe as an alternate home we've
14:28 completely destroyed Mother Earth
14:29 because we continue to inframe and see
14:32 it as our standing Reserve where INF
14:33 framing Reigns there's danger in the
14:36 highest sense we see the danger that
14:37 technology has on the world today like
14:39 pollution the extinction of animals and
14:42 global warming the amount of stuff and
14:44 garbage we accumulate over time can very
14:46 well be a seen right out of Wall-E
14:48 heiger conveys that technology can work
14:50 against us that not only are we harming
14:53 nature we are also harming ourselves but
14:56 going back to poesis heiger also infers
14:58 that since INF framing is also a way of
15:01 revealing man also has the power to save
15:03 but where danger is grows the saving
15:06 power also poetically dwells man upon
15:09 this Earth fundamentally if we realize
15:11 how our orientation fits with the world
15:13 and realize that we inframe the world
15:16 around us we can save ourselves from the
15:18 damage INF framing has done when we do
15:21 this we achieve a free relationship with
15:24 technology yes according to heiger we
15:26 cannot Escape the Fate of Technology but
15:28 we should always question technology in
15:30 order to avoid such catastrophes such as
15:32 global warming we must question how to
15:35 use technology without hurting the world
15:37 around us we need to go back to not only
15:39 encompassing Tech but also encompassing
15:42 more poesis heiger surmises that the
15:44 human race as a whole need to be more
15:47 like poets in bringing forth as poets or
15:49 artists we need to see the world for
15:51 what it is because art and poetry also
15:54 reveals Altha Altha is truth and
15:57 Technology reveals just that with this
15:59 unconcealment we can use technology to
16:02 also save us from technology the closer
16:04 we come to the danger the more brightly
16:06 do the ways into the saving power begin
16:08 to shine and the more questioning we
16:12 become for questioning is the piety of [Applause]
16:14 [Applause]
16:29 [Music] oh
16:31 oh [Music]
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