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Chemical Reactions- Grade-10 Science_4th Quarter
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Good day everyone Welcome to our Science
class I am your teacher sir Roy M kaple
for today we are going to discuss about chemical reaction
chemicals react to change we
all know that everything
changes the chemicals in a chemical
reaction are elements or compounds they
react when combined or broken down
Do you still remember the difference
elements are pure substances
which are composed of only one type of
atom you can find the elements in the periodic
periodic
table now when we talk about the word
compound we are referring to the
substances which are form by two or more
different types of elements that are
United chemically in aix proportion it
means if you are going to combine an
element with another element you can form a
compound in this example or illustration
as you can see hydrogen or letter H and
oxygen which is represented by Letter O
are what we called are considered as an
element an element is a pure substance
and cannot be broken down into a new one
on the other hand we have the chemical
formula of
H2O which indicates water This is an
example of a compound It is a
combination of pure substances or
elements now Let us discuss What is a
chemical reaction chemical reaction is a
process in Which one or more substance
substances in understanding chemical
reaction there are two important terms
that you should remember we have the
term reactants These are the substances
before the reaction and written on the
left side of the chemical equation on
the other hand we have the term products
These are the substances resulting from
the reaction and presented at the right
side of the chemical equation as you can
see in our presentation we have here
symbols if you see a plus sign it it
means react with if you see an arrow
sign pointing to the right side it means
produces now you try to Look at this
chemical reaction in water
as you can see hydrogen and oxygen in
the chemical reaction pertains to our
reactant on the other hand H2O serve as the product
in the chemical reaction if
we are going to read this chemical
equation We can come up with this one
two molecules of hydrogen gas reacts
with oxygen gas will yield two molecules
of hydrogen monoxide are two molecules of
water now Let us differentiate the two
terms chemical formula and chemical
equation when we speak of chemical formula
it is the combination of the
atomic symbols that designate a
particular chemical compound on the
other hand when we talk about chemical
equation it shows one or more chemical
compounds or reactants being converted
in to different chemical substance
products in illustration as you can see
hydrogen and oxygen on the left side
pertains to the chemical symbol chemical
symbol are used to represent the element
on the other hand on the right side of
the chemical reaction you can see here
H2O This is a chemical formula a chemical
formula is a shorthand way of
writing the name of a chemical compound
on the other hand if you look at the
whole chemical reaction this one shows a chemical
equation the chemical equation
reaction now What happens to the atom in
the chemical reaction number one they
rearrange some atomic bonds are broken
and some new ones are made on the other
hand they are neither created nor
destroyed me to say you cannot create it
or you cannot destroy it This is the law
of the conservation of mass it states
that in a chemical reaction the total
mass of the substances before and after
same now Let us try to discuss the four
types of chemical reaction we have here
a combination reaction or synthesis Okay
We also have the composition reaction
single replacement and Double
replacement Let us Focus First with
combination or synthesis as you can see
in our chemical equation a + b will
yield ab in combination two or more
substances join and form one sle
substance on the other hand in
decomposition ab will yield a + b in
decomposition as you can see one
compound breaks down into two
products on the other hand in single
replacement ab reacts with C will yield
AC + b in single replacement atoms of an
element swap with atoms of second
element in a compound as you can
see b and C on the reactant side swap
Okay in the product side So that's
why after the chemical
reaction the partner of c Is A and B
remains alone on the other side next we
have the Double replacement ab Plus CD
will yi ad plus CB So Here positive ions
exchange Between Two compounds so both
letters exchange with partners or their respective
respective
partners to understand it further Let us
have several
examples for the combination or
synthesis as we all know there are two
or more substances that join together to form a
single compound So Here the ex
example would be nitrogen gas combines
next one in decomposition
reaction the particular compound breaks down
into two products example we have h
here calcium carbonate Okay it decomposes
into calcium oxide plus carbon dioxide
So this compound breaks down into two more
compounds the next one is single
replacement So Here the atoms of the
element swap with atoms of the second
element in the compound in our given
example potassium reacts with water will
yield potassium hydroxide plus
hydrogen on the other hand in terms of
double replacement the positive ions
exchange Between Two compounds So here
hydr acid reacts with sodium hydroxide
will yield sodium chloride plus
water aside from this four chemical
reaction there are two special types we
have the combustion or The Burning
reaction a reaction Where in oxygen gas
combines with a hydrocarbon a compound
containing Carbon and hydrogen atoms
forming carbon dioxide and water as
products it general equation cnh 2n plus
oxygen gas will yield carbon dioxide
plus water on the other hand We also
have acid base reaction or neutralization
reaction This is a
special kind of double displacement
reaction that takes place when an acid
and a base react
in General The products of this
reaction are salt and water in equation acid
water to check your understanding of our
lesson Let us try to answer the following
following
exercises classify the following
unbalanced chemical equations according
to the different types of reaction do
this activity on your
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