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Five Decisive Stages to the Holocaust | DW History and Culture | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: Five Decisive Stages to the Holocaust
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This content details the systematic, step-by-step escalation of Nazi persecution against Jews, culminating in the Holocaust, the state-sponsored genocide of six million Jews and millions of others.
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the 1920s Europe is home to 9 million
Jews January 27th
1945 the Soviet Army reaches the aitz
Concentration Camp complex set up by the
Nazis in occupied
Poland a crime of monstrous proportions
has been perpetrated here the murder of
millions of Jews from throughout Europe
along with tens of thousands of
homosexuals Roma and other groups sent
cremated after the war two of every
three Jews in Europe are
this the people who died in the
extermination camps were the Jewish
neighbors colleagues and friends of
ordinary German citizens vilified and
declared mortal enemies by the Nazis all
[Music]
Reich January 30th 1933 Berlin Adolf
Hitler is appointed Chancellor of the
German Reich the Democracy the viar
Republic gradually slides into a
dictatorship a totalitarian state the
exclusion of Jews from society begins
immediately Terror at the hands of the
sa Stormtroopers in April a boycott of
for Jewish civil servants are removed
from their jobs ostracization and
[Music]
paace it's a development really step by
step beginning right after the Nazis
come to power at the end of January 1933
and it's very clear that Jews are the
enemy and it's going back in the
tradition of uh anti-Semitism over
policies on September 15th 1935 the Nazi
State passes the nurenberg laws these
forbid not only marriage but also
extramarital sex between Jews and
non-jews Jews are stripped of their
civil rights societal exclusion
increases open violence is on the rise
the nurenberg laws reflect the Nazis
racial fanaticism labeling Jews an alien
and inferior race and Paving the way to the
Holocaust
the nonb laws are saying that a person
of so-called Jewish blood cannot be
German so they are not citizens of the
German r with that discrimination not
being allowed to sing in a choir not to
be allowed to be in a sports club not to
have your own pet a German dog is not
allowed to live in a Jewish Family and
steps like that you can shop only after
4:00 in the afternoon so you are
separated from the the surrounding majority
Society November 9th
1938 Nazis burn down Jewish synagogues
and incite the general public to acts of
violence against their Jewish neighbors
synagogues in Ruins a symbol of the
come
these days Mark the transition from
discrimination to open unbridled
violence towards German Jews without any
significant resistance from the rest of the
population this is a sign for German
Jews that it's about life and death that
is probably the most important and
shocking steps and anti-jewish actions U
by the Nazi State the new estimations of
researchers show that probably over
1,300 people were murdered uh in those
days we have open Terror and murder out
in the streets and with this for German
Jews it becomes clear German jewelry
end on September 1st 1939 German troops
invade Poland and World War II erupts
the fair Mark advances eastwards
millions of Eastern European Jews become
victims of the Nazis Jewish assets are
seized and used in part to finance
Germany's rearmament Mass deportations
begin with the invasion of the Soviet
Union in June 1941 the systematic murder
of the Soviet Jews in Ukraine and
bellarus and Russia begins with the
anzat group and the mobile killing
squads that murder in about half a year
almost a million Jewish men women and children
children
from now on Jews in Poland have to wear
a star of David as identification from
1941 the same rule applies to German
Jews as early as 1940 the Nazis set up
the Warsaw Ghetto to house Jews from
Poland in the occupied territories many
die from epidemics hunger and [Music]
[Music]
cold many people died in the ghettos
because of the poor conditions and this
is of course intentional by the Germans
[Music]
January 20th 1942 a villa on the banks
Berlin on a cold winter morning 15 high
ranking Nazi politicians offici
officials and Military Officers come
together for a breakfast meeting the
mood is convivial the goal clear
defining the so-called final solution to
the Jewish question the result is the
systematic mass murder of millions on an
industrial scale a secretary takes
minutes a copy of which survives to this [Music]
[Music]
day now we have a systematic State organized
organized
administered uh process of deportation
of death camp set up of train schedules
in the system of divided labor and that
is really probably what also defines the
unprecedented uh character of the
Holocaust the participants at the van
conference specify a figure which is
minutes it's clear that eventually all
of them have to be extinct to the last
one without this meeting the crime the
mass murder the Holocaust could not have
happened meanwhile the Nazi state had a
well-oiled machine at its disposal to
deport and kill millions of people in
the extermination camps in the aitz gas
chamber alone the SS murdered up to
6,000 people a day sending the bodies to the
the
crematoria aitz definitely became the
symbol of the Holocaust
and National socialistic Crime and this
break of
civilization why do the murderers of the
an group pull the trigger these are
family fathers who have families at home
why do they do it's it's it's a very
thin crust of culture and civilization
and of Ethics if you would have told
them in 1933 within 8 years you'll go to
Eastern Europe and murder your neighbors
they would have denied it
Thousands October 1946
nurenberg in the trial of the main war
criminals 12 Nazis are sentenced to
death and seven sent to prison for the
first time on the rounds of crimes against
humanity some 60 years after the
liberation of aitz the UN declares
January 27th the International Day of
commemoration in memory of the victims
of the Holocaust in memory of all those
who were murdered in the Nazi camps a
day of commemoration that's observed all
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