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20 3 2022 Domestic Dreams
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so the domestic ideal that nixon was
so the domestic ideal that nixon was describing there included lots of
describing there included lots of
describing there included lots of consumer goods and a full-time homemaker
consumer goods and a full-time homemaker
consumer goods and a full-time homemaker wife with a breadwinner husband
wife with a breadwinner husband
wife with a breadwinner husband but the employment of married women rose
but the employment of married women rose
but the employment of married women rose during world war ii and it kept rising
during world war ii and it kept rising
during world war ii and it kept rising after the war despite the fact that most
after the war despite the fact that most
after the war despite the fact that most well-paying and high-skilled jobs return
well-paying and high-skilled jobs return
well-paying and high-skilled jobs return to men
to men
to men this meant college degrees did not
this meant college degrees did not
this meant college degrees did not necessarily open up career opportunities
necessarily open up career opportunities
necessarily open up career opportunities for women those jobs were closed off to
for women those jobs were closed off to
for women those jobs were closed off to them
them
them jobs available to women were known as
jobs available to women were known as
jobs available to women were known as pink collar jobs mostly in the service
pink collar jobs mostly in the service
pink collar jobs mostly in the service industry
industry
industry so we normally hear a blue collar as
so we normally hear a blue collar as
so we normally hear a blue collar as being manual labor jobs
being manual labor jobs
being manual labor jobs white collar being some kind of desk job
white collar being some kind of desk job
white collar being some kind of desk job or management job but pink color jobs
or management job but pink color jobs
or management job but pink color jobs were all those service industry jobs
were all those service industry jobs
were all those service industry jobs that women were allowed to to do
that women were allowed to to do
that women were allowed to to do and some women felt bored and frustrated
and some women felt bored and frustrated
and some women felt bored and frustrated with the choice of housekeeping or these
with the choice of housekeeping or these
with the choice of housekeeping or these pink collar service drops and they
pink collar service drops and they
pink collar service drops and they drowned their sorrow with alcohol or
drowned their sorrow with alcohol or
drowned their sorrow with alcohol or increasingly popular prescription
increasingly popular prescription
increasingly popular prescription tranquilizers lots of drug use amongst
tranquilizers lots of drug use amongst
tranquilizers lots of drug use amongst um middle class white housewives
um middle class white housewives
um middle class white housewives in 1963 in her feminist manifesto the
in 1963 in her feminist manifesto the
in 1963 in her feminist manifesto the feminine mystique author betty ferdan
feminine mystique author betty ferdan
feminine mystique author betty ferdan described women's discontent as the
described women's discontent as the
described women's discontent as the problem that has no name
problem that has no name
problem that has no name now not all women agreed with for dan's
now not all women agreed with for dan's
now not all women agreed with for dan's perspective here that women were
perspective here that women were
perspective here that women were drowning in depression and despair
drowning in depression and despair
drowning in depression and despair because of in the ways in which society
because of in the ways in which society
because of in the ways in which society limited them
limited them
limited them the expansion of the black middle class
the expansion of the black middle class
the expansion of the black middle class during the 1950s enabled some black
during the 1950s enabled some black
during the 1950s enabled some black women to stay home with their children
women to stay home with their children
women to stay home with their children for the first time rather than tending
for the first time rather than tending
for the first time rather than tending to the houses and children of white
to the houses and children of white
to the houses and children of white families for these black women
families for these black women
families for these black women domesticity meant freedom and
domesticity meant freedom and
domesticity meant freedom and independence in her own house not the
independence in her own house not the
independence in her own house not the chains of domesticity that for dan
chains of domesticity that for dan
chains of domesticity that for dan describes
describes
describes and her solutions for this problem
and her solutions for this problem
and her solutions for this problem aren't that great either her big
aren't that great either her big
aren't that great either her big solution is we should just get poor
solution is we should just get poor
solution is we should just get poor women to come in and do all the
women to come in and do all the
women to come in and do all the housework so that middle class women can
housework so that middle class women can
housework so that middle class women can go out and have real satisfying careers
go out and have real satisfying careers
go out and have real satisfying careers and jobs
republican eisenhower of course becomes
republican eisenhower of course becomes president and he is notable for
president and he is notable for
president and he is notable for moderation right so this is our first
moderation right so this is our first
moderation right so this is our first republican president since fdr and then
republican president since fdr and then
republican president since fdr and then truman both democrats during the great
truman both democrats during the great
truman both democrats during the great depression world war ii and thereafter
depression world war ii and thereafter
depression world war ii and thereafter so now we have our first republican
so now we have our first republican
so now we have our first republican eisenhower
eisenhower
eisenhower his pro-business legislation and
his pro-business legislation and
his pro-business legislation and appointments pleased conservatives but
appointments pleased conservatives but
appointments pleased conservatives but he also placated liberals by extending
he also placated liberals by extending
he also placated liberals by extending many of the policies of the new deals
many of the policies of the new deals
many of the policies of the new deals welfare state
welfare state
welfare state right so he's a republican but like
right so he's a republican but like
right so he's a republican but like teddy roosevelt he argued the best way
teddy roosevelt he argued the best way
teddy roosevelt he argued the best way to stop communism was to make capitalism
to stop communism was to make capitalism
to stop communism was to make capitalism work for the majority of people
work for the majority of people
work for the majority of people so not only did he not go after some of
so not only did he not go after some of
so not only did he not go after some of those new deal programs that republicans
those new deal programs that republicans
those new deal programs that republicans tended to not like like social security
tended to not like like social security
tended to not like like social security and unemployment he expanded social
and unemployment he expanded social
and unemployment he expanded social security and unemployment compensation
security and unemployment compensation
security and unemployment compensation and he increased the minimum wage
and he increased the minimum wage
and he increased the minimum wage he tried unsuccessfully to end the
he tried unsuccessfully to end the
he tried unsuccessfully to end the argument within the republican party
argument within the republican party
argument within the republican party about these new deal programs arguing
about these new deal programs arguing
about these new deal programs arguing quote should any political party attempt
quote should any political party attempt
quote should any political party attempt to abolish social security unemployment
to abolish social security unemployment
to abolish social security unemployment insurance or eliminate labor laws and
insurance or eliminate labor laws and
insurance or eliminate labor laws and farm programs you would not hear of that
farm programs you would not hear of that
farm programs you would not hear of that party again in our political history
party again in our political history
party again in our political history but eisenhower believed
but eisenhower believed
but eisenhower believed that continued massive military
that continued massive military
that continued massive military expenditures would hinder america's
expenditures would hinder america's
expenditures would hinder america's economic growth so he tried to cut
economic growth so he tried to cut
economic growth so he tried to cut defense spending too
defense spending too
defense spending too later in his farewell address he warned
later in his farewell address he warned
later in his farewell address he warned the nation against the
the nation against the
the nation against the military-industrial complex eisenhower
military-industrial complex eisenhower
military-industrial complex eisenhower coined the term to describe the armed
coined the term to describe the armed
coined the term to describe the armed forces and the defense industries that
forces and the defense industries that
forces and the defense industries that supplied them
supplied them
supplied them he didn't want those groups getting too
he didn't want those groups getting too
he didn't want those groups getting too powerful or taking too much of the
powerful or taking too much of the
powerful or taking too much of the federal government's budget he thought
federal government's budget he thought
federal government's budget he thought more of that budget should be spent on
more of that budget should be spent on
more of that budget should be spent on the american people
the american people
the american people in december of 1953 eisenhower announced
in december of 1953 eisenhower announced
in december of 1953 eisenhower announced the new look a streamlined military with
the new look a streamlined military with
the new look a streamlined military with fewer conventional ground forces and
fewer conventional ground forces and
fewer conventional ground forces and more air power and advanced nuclear
more air power and advanced nuclear
more air power and advanced nuclear capabilities
capabilities
capabilities the whole point was that it would cost
the whole point was that it would cost
the whole point was that it would cost less
less
less basically
basically
basically it was fewer troops more nukes
it was fewer troops more nukes
it was fewer troops more nukes fewer troops more nukes that is the new
fewer troops more nukes that is the new
fewer troops more nukes that is the new look military program
look military program
look military program but eisenhower's plans to reduce defense
but eisenhower's plans to reduce defense
but eisenhower's plans to reduce defense spending was derailed in 1957 when the
spending was derailed in 1957 when the
spending was derailed in 1957 when the soviet union launched sputnik the first
soviet union launched sputnik the first
soviet union launched sputnik the first artificial earth satellite you can see
artificial earth satellite you can see
artificial earth satellite you can see it here on the slide it was only 22
it here on the slide it was only 22
it here on the slide it was only 22 inches in diameter and it emitted a
inches in diameter and it emitted a
inches in diameter and it emitted a beeping noise that was broadcast by
beeping noise that was broadcast by
beeping noise that was broadcast by commercial radio stations in the us
commercial radio stations in the us
commercial radio stations in the us making its presence very real
making its presence very real
making its presence very real it calls near hysteria amongst the
it calls near hysteria amongst the
it calls near hysteria amongst the american public so let's listen to what
american public so let's listen to what
american public so let's listen to what it sounded like
all right so
all right so i'm hoping that played well for you if
i'm hoping that played well for you if
i'm hoping that played well for you if not i've also got the clip on the bottom
not i've also got the clip on the bottom
not i've also got the clip on the bottom of the canvas page
of the canvas page
of the canvas page the soviet launching of sputnik 2 one
the soviet launching of sputnik 2 one
the soviet launching of sputnik 2 one month later confirmed widespread fears
month later confirmed widespread fears
month later confirmed widespread fears that the us was behind in the space race
that the us was behind in the space race
that the us was behind in the space race and more significantly in the arms race
and more significantly in the arms race
and more significantly in the arms race because a lot of this space technology
because a lot of this space technology
because a lot of this space technology would then be used in the arms race but
would then be used in the arms race but
would then be used in the arms race but it's the space race that they're
it's the space race that they're
it's the space race that they're initially concerned about
initially concerned about
initially concerned about ike's popularity suddenly dropped 22
ike's popularity suddenly dropped 22
ike's popularity suddenly dropped 22 points so he increased funds for the
points so he increased funds for the
points so he increased funds for the military rather reluctantly but he also
military rather reluctantly but he also
military rather reluctantly but he also increased scientific and educational
increased scientific and educational
increased scientific and educational spending nasa which developed the
spending nasa which developed the
spending nasa which developed the program of space exploration was one
program of space exploration was one
program of space exploration was one result
result
result eisenhower subsidized additional science
eisenhower subsidized additional science
eisenhower subsidized additional science and math training for both teachers and
and math training for both teachers and
and math training for both teachers and students
students
students and republicans swept the 1952 midterms
and republicans swept the 1952 midterms
and republicans swept the 1952 midterms so republicans hold the presidency in
so republicans hold the presidency in
so republicans hold the presidency in both houses of congress
both houses of congress
both houses of congress but ike had few tangible legislative
but ike had few tangible legislative
but ike had few tangible legislative achievements
achievements
achievements remember the republican party is still
remember the republican party is still
remember the republican party is still pretty split here ike's a moderate he's
pretty split here ike's a moderate he's
pretty split here ike's a moderate he's embracing these new deal programs but a
embracing these new deal programs but a
embracing these new deal programs but a lot of republicans don't like them don't
lot of republicans don't like them don't
lot of republicans don't like them don't like any government regulation or safety
like any government regulation or safety
like any government regulation or safety net
net
net within two years the moderate ike saw
within two years the moderate ike saw
within two years the moderate ike saw his proposals routinely defeated by an
his proposals routinely defeated by an
his proposals routinely defeated by an alliance of conservative republicans who
alliance of conservative republicans who
alliance of conservative republicans who thought he was going way too far
thought he was going way too far
thought he was going way too far and liberal democrats who thought he
and liberal democrats who thought he
and liberal democrats who thought he wasn't going far enough for example in
wasn't going far enough for example in
wasn't going far enough for example in 1954 the republican eisenhower proposed
1954 the republican eisenhower proposed
1954 the republican eisenhower proposed a national health care plan remember
a national health care plan remember
a national health care plan remember truman had died in congress eisenhower a
truman had died in congress eisenhower a
truman had died in congress eisenhower a republican is now going to try it as
republican is now going to try it as
republican is now going to try it as well
well
well his would have provided federal support
his would have provided federal support
his would have provided federal support for increasing health care coverage
for increasing health care coverage
for increasing health care coverage across the nation without the government
across the nation without the government
across the nation without the government directly regulating the health care
directly regulating the health care
directly regulating the health care industry
industry
industry but it was defeated in the house by a
but it was defeated in the house by a
but it was defeated in the house by a combination of 75 conservative
combination of 75 conservative
combination of 75 conservative republicans who didn't think health care
republicans who didn't think health care
republicans who didn't think health care was a right of citizens or
was a right of citizens or
was a right of citizens or responsibility of government
responsibility of government
responsibility of government and liberal democrats who thought the
and liberal democrats who thought the
and liberal democrats who thought the plan didn't go far enough to provide
plan didn't go far enough to provide
plan didn't go far enough to provide actual insurance for americans
actual insurance for americans
actual insurance for americans after stalin died in 1953 nikita
after stalin died in 1953 nikita
after stalin died in 1953 nikita khrushchev became the new soviet leader
khrushchev became the new soviet leader
khrushchev became the new soviet leader and he called for peaceful coexistence
and he called for peaceful coexistence
and he called for peaceful coexistence with the united states
with the united states
with the united states in 1959 khrushchev came to the u.s and
in 1959 khrushchev came to the u.s and
in 1959 khrushchev came to the u.s and he met with eisenhower and toured the
he met with eisenhower and toured the
he met with eisenhower and toured the nation
nation
nation both countries agreed to limit above
both countries agreed to limit above
both countries agreed to limit above ground testing of nuclear weapons due to
ground testing of nuclear weapons due to
ground testing of nuclear weapons due to the health and environmental risks which
the health and environmental risks which
the health and environmental risks which were becoming more and more apparent
were becoming more and more apparent
were becoming more and more apparent while the new look limited military
while the new look limited military
while the new look limited military spending it shifted american military
spending it shifted american military
spending it shifted american military priorities to nuclear deterrence and
priorities to nuclear deterrence and
priorities to nuclear deterrence and covert operations
covert operations
covert operations so the centerpiece of ike's soviet
so the centerpiece of ike's soviet
so the centerpiece of ike's soviet policy was massive retaliation or the
policy was massive retaliation or the
policy was massive retaliation or the threat of nuclear force in the event of
threat of nuclear force in the event of
threat of nuclear force in the event of an attack on the united states or any of
an attack on the united states or any of
an attack on the united states or any of the us allies
the us allies
the us allies in this cold war fight any nation
in this cold war fight any nation
in this cold war fight any nation aligned with the united states most of
aligned with the united states most of
aligned with the united states most of whom you see there in blue were known as
whom you see there in blue were known as
whom you see there in blue were known as the first world any nation aligned with
the first world any nation aligned with
the first world any nation aligned with the soviet union was known as the second
the soviet union was known as the second
the soviet union was known as the second world and any non-aligned nation was
world and any non-aligned nation was
world and any non-aligned nation was referred to as the third world it's
referred to as the third world it's
referred to as the third world it's generally not a term we use today
generally not a term we use today
generally not a term we use today because people find it pretty insulting
because people find it pretty insulting
because people find it pretty insulting eisenhower distrusted these neutral
eisenhower distrusted these neutral
eisenhower distrusted these neutral countries in the so-called third world
countries in the so-called third world
countries in the so-called third world fearing they might become soviet allies
fearing they might become soviet allies
fearing they might become soviet allies so his administration supplied materials
so his administration supplied materials
so his administration supplied materials to native actors within those nations
to native actors within those nations
to native actors within those nations who would destabilize these quote
who would destabilize these quote
who would destabilize these quote unquote unfriendly governments not that
unquote unfriendly governments not that
unquote unfriendly governments not that they're actually unfriendly they're just
they're actually unfriendly they're just
they're actually unfriendly they're just not necessarily allies of the us
not necessarily allies of the us
not necessarily allies of the us through covert operations including
through covert operations including
through covert operations including coups and assassinations
coups and assassinations
coups and assassinations the central intelligence agency or cia
the central intelligence agency or cia
the central intelligence agency or cia manipulated governments around the world
manipulated governments around the world
manipulated governments around the world during the cold war
during the cold war
during the cold war in 1953 the cia helped overthrow the
in 1953 the cia helped overthrow the
in 1953 the cia helped overthrow the elected government in iran which had
elected government in iran which had
elected government in iran which had seized control of western owned oil
seized control of western owned oil
seized control of western owned oil fields in that nation
fields in that nation
fields in that nation the cia helped restore the dictatorship
the cia helped restore the dictatorship
the cia helped restore the dictatorship of shah reza pallavi whose unpopular
of shah reza pallavi whose unpopular
of shah reza pallavi whose unpopular western-leaning regime was later
western-leaning regime was later
western-leaning regime was later overthrown by muslim fundamentalists in
overthrown by muslim fundamentalists in
overthrown by muslim fundamentalists in 1979.
1979.
1979. the cia also helped overthrow the
the cia also helped overthrow the
the cia also helped overthrow the elected government of jacobo orbans in
elected government of jacobo orbans in
elected government of jacobo orbans in guatemala in 1954
guatemala in 1954
guatemala in 1954 the u.s considered our bonds a communist
the u.s considered our bonds a communist
the u.s considered our bonds a communist leader because he tried to redistribute
leader because he tried to redistribute
leader because he tried to redistribute land owned by the boston-based united
land owned by the boston-based united
land owned by the boston-based united fruit company so what a lot of these
fruit company so what a lot of these
fruit company so what a lot of these nations who at one point were colonies
nations who at one point were colonies
nations who at one point were colonies were doing was trying to take back
were doing was trying to take back
were doing was trying to take back resources that other nations had claimed
resources that other nations had claimed
resources that other nations had claimed so the us or britain whether it's oil
so the us or britain whether it's oil
so the us or britain whether it's oil fields or certain agricultural land
fields or certain agricultural land
fields or certain agricultural land they're trying to take that back and
they're trying to take that back and
they're trying to take that back and make sure that those resources serve
make sure that those resources serve
make sure that those resources serve their own country and that is seen as a
their own country and that is seen as a
their own country and that is seen as a move towards socialism and or communism
move towards socialism and or communism
move towards socialism and or communism and not tolerated by the united states
and not tolerated by the united states
and not tolerated by the united states in 1959 revolutionary leader fidel
in 1959 revolutionary leader fidel
in 1959 revolutionary leader fidel castro established a socialist regime in
castro established a socialist regime in
castro established a socialist regime in cuba he took control of foreign-owned
cuba he took control of foreign-owned
cuba he took control of foreign-owned companies again alarming american
companies again alarming american
companies again alarming american officials and investors in cuba which of
officials and investors in cuba which of
officials and investors in cuba which of course is only about 70 miles off the
course is only about 70 miles off the
course is only about 70 miles off the coast of florida it is not far from the
coast of florida it is not far from the
coast of florida it is not far from the us at all
us at all
us at all eisenhower's hostility led castro to
eisenhower's hostility led castro to
eisenhower's hostility led castro to forge an alliance with the soviet union
forge an alliance with the soviet union
forge an alliance with the soviet union and the cia then began planning to
and the cia then began planning to
and the cia then began planning to overthrow castro something they were
overthrow castro something they were
overthrow castro something they were never able to do
never able to do
never able to do in 1960 and 61 the cia helped overthrow
in 1960 and 61 the cia helped overthrow
in 1960 and 61 the cia helped overthrow and assassinate the left-leaning patrice
and assassinate the left-leaning patrice
and assassinate the left-leaning patrice lumumba the first minister of the
lumumba the first minister of the
lumumba the first minister of the republic of congo after its independence
republic of congo after its independence
republic of congo after its independence from belgium
from belgium
from belgium in 1956 egyptian leader gama abdul
in 1956 egyptian leader gama abdul
in 1956 egyptian leader gama abdul nasser nationalized the british-owned
nasser nationalized the british-owned
nasser nationalized the british-owned suez canal so again a former colony
suez canal so again a former colony
suez canal so again a former colony saying like we're taking control of the
saying like we're taking control of the
saying like we're taking control of the resources within our nation away from a
resources within our nation away from a
resources within our nation away from a former imperial power
former imperial power
former imperial power britain with the help of france and
britain with the help of france and
britain with the help of france and israel attacked egypt to regain control
israel attacked egypt to regain control
israel attacked egypt to regain control of the canal
of the canal
of the canal ike criticized britain and was applauded
ike criticized britain and was applauded
ike criticized britain and was applauded by leaders in africa and asia for doing
by leaders in africa and asia for doing
by leaders in africa and asia for doing so but when nasser forged tides with the
so but when nasser forged tides with the
so but when nasser forged tides with the soviet union as well eisenhower feared
soviet union as well eisenhower feared
soviet union as well eisenhower feared that so-called nazarism might spread
that so-called nazarism might spread
that so-called nazarism might spread throughout the middle east basically
throughout the middle east basically
throughout the middle east basically that the middle east might go communist
that the middle east might go communist
that the middle east might go communist so in the spring of 1957 congress
so in the spring of 1957 congress
so in the spring of 1957 congress approved the eisenhower doctrine a
approved the eisenhower doctrine a
approved the eisenhower doctrine a pledge to defend middle eastern nations
pledge to defend middle eastern nations
pledge to defend middle eastern nations against overt armed aggression from any
against overt armed aggression from any
against overt armed aggression from any nation controlled by international
nation controlled by international
nation controlled by international communism
communism
communism american policy makers though rarely
american policy makers though rarely
american policy makers though rarely distinguish between these nationalist
distinguish between these nationalist
distinguish between these nationalist independence movements trying to gain
independence movements trying to gain
independence movements trying to gain control of their own nations and their
control of their own nations and their
control of their own nations and their own resources
own resources
own resources and designs by quote-unquote
and designs by quote-unquote
and designs by quote-unquote international communism american leaders
international communism american leaders
international communism american leaders often believe that struggles for
often believe that struggles for
often believe that struggles for national self-determination in these
national self-determination in these
national self-determination in these so-called third world countries were
so-called third world countries were
so-called third world countries were really inspired and supported by the
really inspired and supported by the
really inspired and supported by the soviet union
soviet union
soviet union and they used the doctrine to justify
and they used the doctrine to justify
and they used the doctrine to justify military interventions to support
military interventions to support
military interventions to support pro-western pro-capitalist governments
pro-western pro-capitalist governments
pro-western pro-capitalist governments even when that meant installing
even when that meant installing
even when that meant installing dictators and destroying democracies
dictators and destroying democracies
dictators and destroying democracies capitalism was more important to the
capitalism was more important to the
capitalism was more important to the united states than democracies around
united states than democracies around
united states than democracies around the world
the world
the world so there you have it our lecture mostly
so there you have it our lecture mostly
so there you have it our lecture mostly on the 1950s how did the housing market
on the 1950s how did the housing market
on the 1950s how did the housing market become segregated how did americans deal
become segregated how did americans deal
become segregated how did americans deal with the threat of a nuclear war how did
with the threat of a nuclear war how did
with the threat of a nuclear war how did that change american culture
that change american culture
that change american culture what facts undermined the narrative of
what facts undermined the narrative of
what facts undermined the narrative of conformity what was going on in the
conformity what was going on in the
conformity what was going on in the 1950s that doesn't bring true to our
1950s that doesn't bring true to our
1950s that doesn't bring true to our kind of stereotype of the 1950s and how
kind of stereotype of the 1950s and how
kind of stereotype of the 1950s and how did ike try to steer the republican
did ike try to steer the republican
did ike try to steer the republican party the gop post world war ii
party the gop post world war ii
party the gop post world war ii if you've got all of that hit the next
if you've got all of that hit the next
if you've got all of that hit the next button at the bottom of the page and go
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