Hang tight while we fetch the video data and transcripts. This only takes a moment.
Connecting to YouTube player…
Fetching transcript data…
We’ll display the transcript, summary, and all view options as soon as everything loads.
Next steps
Loading transcript tools…
CHAPTER 6: THE GLOBAL CITY || The Contemporary World - Marvin Cabañero | Marvin Cabañero | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: CHAPTER 6: THE GLOBAL CITY || The Contemporary World - Marvin Cabañero
Skip watching entire videos - get the full transcript, search for keywords, and copy with one click.
Share:
Video Transcript
Video Summary
Summary
Core Theme
Global cities are dynamic centers of economic, political, and cultural power that act as both sites and mediums for globalization, showcasing its benefits like wealth creation and cultural fusion, but also its drawbacks, such as significant inequality and social stratification.
Mind Map
Click to expand
Click to explore the full interactive mind map • Zoom, pan, and navigate
[Music]
hello everyone welcome to the
contemporary world subject in today's
video lecture we are going to discuss
chapter 6 lesson 7 and this time we will
focus our mind on the topic the global city
city
it has been part of our routine that
every discussion we try to familiarize
the learning objectives of the lesson
for the learning objectives today at the
end of this lesson you should be able to
explain why globalization is a special phenomenon
phenomenon
identify the attributes of a global city
and analyze how cities serve as engines
of globalization
so to start our discussion
let me ask this question to you if you
had the chance would you move to new
york in usa tokyo in japan
maybe most of you
will answer
do you want to move in new york maybe
some of you will answer they want to
move in tokyo japan and maybe some of
you will answer
seoul of south korea and probably all of
you would like to visit them anyway
maybe some of you have already traveled
you have heard stories about these
places you may likewise have an idea of
what these cities look like
based on what you have seen in movies or television
about places
but honestly speaking not all people
have been to global cities but most of
us know about them so their influence
extends to our imagination now the question
question
what are these places
you can consider in a global city why
are they important
what are their advantage and
disadvantage all right so params meet
indian nino let us now define the term
global city what do we mean by global
city san benito term the global city
okay so sociologist sashi assassin
popularized the term global city in the
1990s actually a young criterion
assassin for what makes up a global city
where primarily economic so binasinja
parin's economic aspects such as how
progressive and how developed a certain
place is
okay so you know
basis paramasa being an isang lugar is a
global city okay so saskia was able to
purchase books and one of the books she
wrote was the global city and in that
book she initially identified three
global cities
we have new york london and tokyo and my
dear students if you try to assess these
cities new york london and new tokyo
they are the core or the center of
global finance and capitalism around the world
okay that is why
they are considered as the home of
world's top stock exchanges it picks up
investors lito bumibili at the same time
nitro in cylinder
shares because majority of major
corporations can be found on these cities
cities
the new york has the new york stock
exchange the london has the financial
times stock exchange and the tokyo has
the nikkei
okay so limiting the discussion of
global cities to this tree is proving
in the previous term global north and
global south
okay so that is why
any account of the economic power of
cities today must take note the latest
development so recent commentators have
expanded the criteria that sussen used
to determine what constitutes a global
city so take this as an example although
it is not wealthy as new york movie
making mecca los angeles can now rival
the big apples cultural influence by the
way in big appalachian it is a nickname
for new york city okay so your movie
making mecca being london filmmaking or pagoda
york city when it comes to filmmaking okay
okay
so next one san francisco is now factory
in as another global city because it is
the home
of the most powerful internet companies
for your information young manga common
social media gaming nothing such as
facebook twitter and google and aina
link originates san francisco california okay
okay
next one the growth of the chinese
economy has turned cities like shanghai
beijing and guangzhou into centers of
trade and finance actually according to our
our
reference in the late 1990s the chinese
government reopened the shanghai stock
exchange and since then it has grown to
become the fifth largest stock market in
as a global city okay
but you have to remember my dear students
students
defining a global city can be difficult
okay and one of the way of solving this
dilemma is to go beyond the simple
dichotomy of global and non-global
instead of asking whether or not one
city's global city it is better to ask
in what ways are cities global and to
what extent are there global okay
so that's why on the
succeeding slides
we're going to discuss indicators of globality
globality
so what are the attributed of the global
city the foremost characteristic of a
global city is economic power okay so
this is what i have mentioned to you a
while ago sasen remains correct in
saying that economic power
such as how progressive and how
this place can be considered as a global
city okay next one economic power
largely determines
which cities are global for example on
new york and new york say it has the
largest stock market in the world but
take note tokyo in japan it houses the
most number of corporate headquarters
so could you imagine
613 company headquarters on cabeza tokyo
japan and then 217 lang so my new york
usa actually new york and tokyo are
closest competitors
in new york top tournament
tokyo another one
market compared to new york and tokyo
but take note it plays a critical role
in the global economic supply chain
simula nuang china and the manufacturing
center around the world
new items most of the time
made in china because
china became the manufacturing center
around the world okay so most of the products
products
china okay
economic opportunities in a global city
make it attractive to talents from across
across
the world actually since 1970s
many of our excellent and competent i.t
programmers and engineers from asia have
moved to san francisco california so
illuminati san francisco california
because they want to become part of the
silicon valley
silicon valley
san francisco california and take note
it serves as a global center for high
programmers
engineers and even
technological experts the matrabao san
francisco california because they want
to become part of the silicon valley
another one london
it remains a preferred destination for
okay
so economic opportunities it makes
it attractive to talents from across the world
world
next one to master the economic
competitiveness of a city
the economist intelligence unit has
added other criteria an imaginary criteria
criteria
we have market size purchasing power of citizens
citizens
size of the middle class and potential
for growth okay so based on the criteria
papasso nanomancy singapore alumni now singapore
singapore it
it
so the tiny singapore is considered as
asia's most competitive city because of
its strong market efficient and
incorruptible government and livability
so kumbagasu mosuno to singapore tokyo japan
japan
when it comes to isha okay
actually according to some studies
singapore is widely regarded as one of
the safest countries to live in in the
world with consistently low crime rates
a transparent legal system
low poverty and so on actually i still
remember during my board examination
studies
on singapore
uh it is one of the safest countries to
live in in the world okay
next one
global cities are also centers of
authority washington dc may not be as
wealthy as new york but it is the seed
of american state power okay so hopefully
but it is the seat of american state
power kaya aren't considered as
part of global city okay an obama major landmark
landmark
of course independent
white house
and then of course
supreme court
in washington monument what else um
lincoln memorial encounters
world history subject no high school okay
okay
similarly compared with sydney and
melbourne canberra is a sleepy town and
not attractive to tourists but as
australia's political capital it is home
to the country's top politicians
bureaucrats and policy
advisors so when you say bureaucrats it
refers to a government official okay
you know considering as part of a global city
city
you know russia as political capital of
australia because the majority of
next one remember this one my dear
students the cities that house major
international organizations may also be
considered centers of political
influence for example san benite
headquarters now united nations in it is in
in
new york usa how about european union
headquarters sanchez
it can be found in brussels belgium
it is in jakarta indonesia okay and take
note jakarta
is also the capital of indonesia and
lastly the european central bank it is
based in frankfurt germany okay
so global cities are centers of higher
learning and culture a city's
intellectual influence is seen through
the influence of its publishing
industry so many of the books that
people read are published in places like
new york um london and event parties
familiar bahayon newspaper
the new york times obviously it carries
the name of new york city but it is far
from being just a local newspaper you
know why casindilan citizens know america
america
even people around the world
are interested to read the newspaper the
new york times okay
another example one of the reasons why
many tourists visit boston
is because they want to see the harvard
university well we all know
that this is considered as the world's
articles or even some
movies or series featuring
harvard university so
it is in
another one karamian dinan teenagers
asia they are moving to cities in
australia because of the leading english
language universities there okay so take
note education is currently australia's
three largest export after coal
and iowa okay philippines
okay
so we have already explained a while ago
why los angeles the center of
the american film industry or movie
making mecca may be considered as a global
global [Music]
but you have to take note the center of
american film industry is los angeles okay
okay
another one is copenhagen denmark okay
so copenhagen is the capital of denmark actually
[Music] moreover
moreover
um copenhagen is not the home of major
stock market unlikes new york and tokyo but
but
it is considered as part of the global
city why because of
culinary capitals
okay it is considered as one of the
culinary capitals of the world with its
top restaurants in commensurate with its
size okay similarly in manchester england
england
many prominent post punk and new wave
from this city
making it a global household name okay
concept of global city hindi
singapore so singapore is slowly
becoming a cultural center for the
region singapore houses some of the
region's top television stations and
news organizations sanila originally
okay young mtv southeast asia and
channel news tv actually is empty with
southeast asia my filipino artist nominee
nominee
and one of those artists isis
okay another one it's various art
galleries and cinemas also show
paintings from artists and filmmakers
from philippines and thailand so very
nicely back i say finnife chernila yuma artworks
artworks
filipinos and thai okay so that is singapore
singapore
so today we can now see that global
cities become culturally diverse so
okay for example in a global city one
can try cuisines from different parts of
the world
gaia sabrina germany patissamai tokyo japan
japan
since uh lugarnath
nato they have large
turkish populations
they offer some of the best turkish food
which one can find even if he or she is
okay
now the question is manila can be
considered global
as of now manila is not very global
because of the dirt of foreign residents
when it comes to foreign residents in
our country so [Music]
but in singapore it is considered as
global city because it has a foreign
okay
next question why do we need to study
global cities globalization is special
because it occurs in physical spaces
more people are driven out of city
centers to make way for the new developments
developments
so actually you can see it when foreign
investments and capital move through a
city and when companies build skyscrapers
skyscrapers skyscrapers
we call that as
skyscrapers and another one people who
are moving on this businesses or
filipinos working abroad they start to
purchase or rent high-rise condominium
okay as all these events happen more
people are driven out of city centers to
make way for the new developments
okay another one globalization is
special because what makes it move is
the fact that it is based
in places
for example again los angeles
los angeles is known as the home of
hollywood it is where movies are made
for global consumption casinos
okay another one the main headquarters
of sony is in tokyo so you go to a
so from there the company coordinates
the sale to its various branches across
the world so in other words to london
cities are on globalization and
globalization acts on cities so paris
illinois benefit okay so you have to
take note that they are the sites as
well as the mediums of globalization
okay so moving on to
the challenges okay what are the
challenges of global cities
global cities also have their undersides
they can be sites of great inequality
and poverty as well as tremendous violence
violence
like the broader process of
globalization global cities create
winners and losers so
non-global foreign and global south
there is inequality okay
meron parin gap between the rich country
and the poor country okay so dense
resettlement patterns yield energy savings
savings
so what do we mean by dancer the backbox
is nothing denser
it means compact or crowded
a settlement may advantage palacia because
because
not energy savings therefore
crowded settlements gives
in energy savings okay so for example
though yuma apartment the mostly known apartment
apartment
plan but then my advantage is
set up because it's more efficient to
heat and cool unlike for sub urban
houses so nobody knows suburban house we
can associate human suburban houses to
residential houses parang subdivision division
and likes apartments
okay so in cities with extensive public
transportation systems people tend to
drive less and thereby cut carbon emissions
emissions
a good example of this one is new york
again so dominant train transportation
systems in new york ma baba carbon
footprint so sorry i don't examine
carbon footprint so when we say carbon
footprint my dear students it's the
total greenhouse gas emissions of an
individual you all know the man that
greenhouse gas can cause global warming
so my disadvantage
yes in new york less polluted
even though overcrowded
same with new york and singapore and
japan lola and canilan carbon footprints
okay but you have to remember not all
cities are as dense as new york or tokyo
some cities like los angeles are urban
sprawls with massive freeways that force
residents to spend money on cars and gas
okay so unlike
los angeles
must prefer any language non-private
vehicle okay
global energy therefore if carbon
emissions must be cut to prevent global
warming this massive energy consumption
in cities must be curbed but you have to
remember also that this action will
food products on itina travel from one
place to another bago maharating samanga
why do we consider carbon emissions bad
of course because they contribute
pollution climate change and global warming
warming
but carbon emissions from factories and
automobiles are among the biggest
contributors to pollution climate change
and global warming okay so tomorrow missions
missions
link to the superstition of fossil fuels
like coal gasoline and oil and many more okay
okay
so the question
will it be possible to grow more food in
cities instead by the banana instead of
importing food products from other countries
actually there are cities who have been
vertical farms
okay they convert it to become a
vertical farm and being a practicer in
next one the major terror attacks of
recent years have also targeted cities
cities especially those with global
influence are obvious targets for terrorists
terrorists
so for example the most famous 9 11
attack which happened on september 11 2001
2001
nine eleven okay so i think
muslim okay
and also in november 2015 in
paris okay by islamic state of iraq and
the levant or isil or isil okay so if
you're interested and want to know more
details and informations
about these attacks okay there are a lot
of articles on the internet napoleon
or kait say youtube okay
so on the left part at the young
okay next part the global city and the
poor okay
so massive inequality was very
pronounced in cities
some large cities particularly those in scandinavia
scandinavia
have found ways to mitigate inequality
through state-led social distribution programs
programs
okay so
when you see scandinavia my dear students
so when you say scandinavia it denotes
to countries of norway sweden and denmark
norway sweden and denmark although
inequality exists in most of the cities
but in cities in scandinavia they
implemented ways to at least minimize or
lessen the inequality in their
respective place an implementa
redistribution program so ebatibang
redistribution programs
okay however
in many cities particularly those in the
developing countries are sites of
contradiction so they introduced
unlikable developing somehow until my progress
progress
okay so developing countries
very obvious though you inequality okay
so in places like mumbai mumbai is in
india jakarta of indonesia and manila
philippines it is common to find
gleaming buildings alongside
massive shanty towns okay so when we say
gleaming buildings my dream students
modern glass structure
gleaming buildings and then kappa
in the outskirts of new york and san
francisco are poor urban enclaves
occupied by african-americans and
immigrant families who are often denied
opportunities at a better life actually
at among african-american nato they are
being forced to move further away from
their cities of course as a city
attracts more capital and richer residents
but to relocate and go far away to look
for a place not cheaper on prices
and this phenomenon is what we call gentrification
gentrification
gentrifications are a phenomenon of
driving out the poor
in favor of newer wealthier residents so
that is the concept of gentrification
okay in australian cities poor
aboriginal australians have been most
acutely affected
by gentrification okay so ibiza being
they were also forced to move further
away from cities okay
in france for muslim migrants are forced
out of paris and have clustered around
ethnic enclaves known as banlu
in most of the world's global cities the
middle class is also thinning out
globalization creates high-income jobs
that are concentrated in global cities
cities
okay so very common
okay
so in what way panel organic london
so they generate demand for an unskilled
in order to meet their increasing needs
okay another one karamians among
middle-income jobs particularly in
manufacturing and business they process outsourcing
outsourcing
outsourcing according to the internet
outsourcing and definition of
an outsourcing strategy
the philippines for example
in places like new york there are high
ruling american investment bunkers whose
children are raised by filipina
usually
okay and most of the time um
foreigners okay therefore
a large global city may be a paradise
but for some people
it is like a purgatory or parang
okay so the concept inequality exists
global north and global south okay so
papiya went long latin and also thinking
you advantage and disadvantage non
advantages okay so there are many
advantages to living in a city an animal
advantage okay so
onojan of course better medical facilities
okay and then of course a cities more
another one restaurants
however there are many disadvantages to
okay
so for our conclusion
global cities are sites and mediums of globalization
globalization
instrumental globalization human
acidities they are material
representations of the phenomenon
through them we see the best of globalization
globalization
they are places that create exciting
fusions of culture and ideas they are
also places that generate tremendous
wealth so basically at the young
positive side okay however they remain
sites of great inequality or global
servants serve global entrepreneurs okay
autonomy negative sign or you
so that explains our lecture
for the topic in the global city okay so
i hope you have learned new something
today major students thank you so much
for joining our today's session again
this is sir marvin telling you that you
should never stop learning because life
never stops teaching thank you so much
have a great day ahead see you next time [Music]
Click on any text or timestamp to jump to that moment in the video
Share:
Most transcripts ready in under 5 seconds
One-Click Copy125+ LanguagesSearch ContentJump to Timestamps
Paste YouTube URL
Enter any YouTube video link to get the full transcript
Transcript Extraction Form
Most transcripts ready in under 5 seconds
Get Our Chrome Extension
Get transcripts instantly without leaving YouTube. Install our Chrome extension for one-click access to any video's transcript directly on the watch page.
