0:00 so mitochondria are the powerhouse of
0:02 the cell as Tim just told us educated us
0:05 right so every cell has hundreds of
0:07 mitochondria and mitochondria are what
0:09 are called organels they have their own
0:12 DNA in fact evolutionarily mitochondria
0:16 were bacteria that basically ended up in
0:19 the symbiotic relationship with what
0:21 became our cells so we each have
0:24 mitochondria hundreds of them in each
0:25 one of our cells each mitochondria has
0:27 its own nucleus and has its own DNA and
0:30 the mitochondria make the energy that
0:32 the rest of the cell uses that energy is
0:33 called ATP and it eats up glucose or it
0:36 eats up ketones if you're in ketosis and
0:39 it uses that to make the ATP so every
0:41 cell in our body gets its energy which
0:43 is what it uses to function from the
0:45 mitochondria and so there's been a lot
0:48 of research into the relationship
0:50 between mitochondria and aging and that
0:52 dysfunctional mitochondria as they start
0:54 to break down and stop working and have
0:56 damage may actually be a key driver for
0:58 many diseases that we experience as
1:01 humans including many cancers
1:03 Alzheimer's Parkinson's ALS features of
1:07 autism muscle tissues being weak etc so
1:11 as the cells get older and the
1:12 mitochondria stop working we make new
1:14 mitochondria but over time the DNA
1:16 degrades and the mitochondria become
1:19 less effective and there are fewer
1:21 functional mitochondria per cell the
1:23 cell stops working right and eventually
1:25 the organism stops working right have
1:26 you have you learned anything about the
1:28 connection of creatine to mitochondrial
1:31 health it's part of um some of the
1:34 processes but there's some separate
1:36 research on this but it's definitely
1:37 worth spending time on people are crazy
1:40 about hitting five grams or 10 grams of
1:43 becoming like a trend yeah I think it's
1:45 Oh yeah i know five grams yeah something
1:46 like that it's trending on Twitter i
1:47 think it's kind of like a meme or a joke
1:49 in addition to being I don't I don't
1:51 think it's a joke is it is it But it
1:53 does it is there any science that backs
1:55 that up or not really for mitochondria
1:57 there are questions on this like do you
1:59 want to focus on things that are
2:02 increasing biogenesis which is creation
2:03 of new mitochondria does that create a
2:06 better benefit on the creatine work i've
2:08 read some of these papers i actually
2:10 tried it for a while i personally had a
2:14 allergy to it which is kind of rare but
2:17 happens but anyway we can talk about it
2:20 further so so one of the key things was
2:22 um there were three papers that I wanted
2:24 to just highlight that kind of follow an
2:26 interesting theme the first one was from
2:28 2023 from WashU in St louis and this
2:32 paper Nick if you could just pull up
2:34 that image
2:35 of mitochondria being transferred these
2:39 folks identified and demonstrated that
2:41 mitochondria can actually transfer from
2:43 one cell to another so if you've got a
2:45 cell that's got damaged or dysfunctional
2:48 mitochondria they've identified three
2:51 mechanisms by which mitochondria can
2:53 move into a cell that needs more
2:56 mitochondria that are working and are
2:58 more functional that's something that's
3:00 been theorized for a long time people
3:01 have said "Oh well we think mitochondria
3:03 transfer." But there wasn't really
3:04 evidence of this so as of two years ago
3:06 these guys provided very good evidence
3:08 of mitochondria that we can now put into
3:11 cells if it's floating around it can
3:12 make its way into another cell and as a
3:16 result it can rejuvenate or provide
3:17 energy to a dysfunctional cell which
3:20 might improve dysfunctional tissue or
3:22 improve disease the second paper was
3:25 done um last month out of Columbia
3:28 University and this was the first
3:29 mapping of the mitochondria in the human
3:31 brain and so these folks created 703
3:35 tiny cubes of brain from a person that
3:37 passed away a 54 year old donor and then
3:40 they analyzed the mitochondria in each
3:42 of those cubes and they used that to
3:43 make a map of mitochondria in the brain
3:45 and what it showed was that different
3:47 parts of the brain different cells had
3:50 different amounts of mitochondria and
3:51 different mitochondrial function which
3:53 actually starts to highlight how that
3:55 difference in energy production in
3:57 different cells in different parts of
3:58 the brain may actually cause some of the
4:00 things like memory loss or speech
4:02 impairment or um as we age the fact that
4:06 we end up being you know kind of
4:07 forgetful or start to lose some of our
4:09 capacity that the mitochondrial
4:11 dysfunction in the brain might actually
4:12 be the key driver of that aging um
4:16 symptomology the third paper which just
4:19 came out came out of a team at Sha Jang
4:22 University in China so what these guys
4:25 did which was really incredible is they
4:27 took stem cells so stem cells that they
4:29 got out of human blood and they took
4:31 those stem cells and they figured out a
4:33 way to treat the stem cells that those
4:35 stem cells would start to make an excess
4:37 amount of mitochondria than they
4:39 normally would make in fact they were
4:41 able to get those stem cells to make
4:44 854 times the number of mitochondria
4:47 that those cells would normally make and
4:49 those mitochondria were on average 5.7
4:53 times more efficient at making energy
4:55 ATP so they created highly energetic
4:58 mitochondria and they made a lot of them
5:01 and the idea that we can put
5:02 mitochondria into our body or into
5:05 tissue in our body to heal it or repair
5:07 it has been something that folks have
5:09 been trying to do research around for a
5:11 long time but the limiting factor is
5:13 access to enough mitochondria so this
5:16 mechanism that they developed where they
5:17 could take stem cells make copies of the
5:19 stem cells make lots of mitochondria and
5:21 then they isolate that mitochondria and
5:23 use it as a therapeutic tool and they
5:25 did it in cartilage that was damaged and
5:27 they were able to heal that cartilage so
5:30 um this is a group that does bone and
5:33 and tissue repair studies but they
5:35 applied the mitochondria directly into
5:37 the area where there was damage to the
5:39 bone and the bone grew back and it
5:41 actually improved the healing in an
5:42 incredible way so this this opens up the
5:45 door to this whole new therapeutic
5:47 modality a new type of therapy called
5:49 midotherapy or mitochondrial therapy
5:51 that based on the series of papers that
5:53 we're seeing coming out recently I
5:55 believe could end up becoming a really
5:58 incredible um new therapy that may
6:01 ultimately lead to the treatment for
6:02 many diseases that we're kind of dealing
6:04 with right now so I just wanted to kind
6:06 of like this be uh immediately
6:08 applicable to say people with sports
6:10 injuries you know meniscus knees ankles
6:13 you start to think about those bones
6:14 spurs chips that basketball players
6:17 football players go through would that
6:18 this be like the lowhanging fruit for
6:20 this technology yeah i mean what they
6:22 did this in and I think this was
6:24 published in a research magazine called
6:26 Bone or something bone and tissue or
6:28 something
6:29 but they did I'll let my subscription
6:31 lapse i got to thank for reminding me
6:32 they did it in a in a model a mouse
6:34 model of osteoarthritis um and it
6:37 repaired this osteoarthritis but that's
6:39 exactly right and so that's tissue where
6:41 you can using a microscope you can
6:42 actually see the healing happening but
6:44 you could see this being applied for
6:45 example uh to cerebral spinal fluid
6:48 where you can basically increase the
6:50 mitochondrial the energetic
6:51 mitochondrial production uh that finds
6:53 its way into maybe neuronal cells into
6:56 neurons in your brain and improves um uh
6:59 your brain function or you could put it
7:02 into damaged hearts after heart attacks
7:03 and improve heart function so there's
7:05 all these theories about how you could
7:06 use mootherapy as this becomes possible
7:09 to now produce lots of mitochondria and
7:11 use it as a therapy that can then be
7:13 applied to lots of disease states so I I
7:15 I I think there's going to be a bit of a
7:16 blossoming of research in this area of
7:18 mitotherapy
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