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Influenza infection is a serious threat, but new research has identified fully human monoclonal antibodies that can neutralize the virus by targeting the hemagglutinin (HA) protein, offering a promising new therapeutic approach.
influenza infection it might start with
a sneeze but the underlying infection
can cause far worse hundreds of
thousands of people every year die from
infection everything begins when the
Airways here influenza viruses specific
ly attached to the surface of the epithelial
epithelial
cells the viral membrane envelope
contains the neurom medad protein na
important for the efficient release of
newly produced viruses the M2 ION
channel promotes viral structural
changes during cellular entry and the
influenza hemog glutenin protein ha the
key player for viral internalization
which facilitates viral binding to cic
acid decorated receptors and
subsequently viral Fusion
proteolytic cleavage by host enzymes is
primers soluble or cell-bound host
proteases cleave the precursor ha
ha2 influenza virus particles are
internalized into early endosomes by
Cline mediated [Music]
[Music]
endocytosis in late endosomes the pH
drops triggering the confirmational
change of the cleaved ha molecules ha1
opens up and allows ha2 to form a triple
Alpha Helix bundle which extends towards
the endosomal [Music]
[Music]
membrane once the fusion pepines are
Anchored In The endosomal Membrane the
full molecule can fold back allowing the
fusion of the viral and endosomal
membranes after Fusion the viral genome
can be released into the cytool the
eight viral RNA segments make their way
into the cell nucleus and the production
of the new virus begins just hours after
the initial infection thousands of new
viruses butt off the cell surface and
cells to stop the influence infection
crusell researchers have discovered
fully human monoclonal antibodies
capable of neutralizing the [Music]
virus these antibodies specifically bind
to the ha and are internalized together
virus when the pH drops in late
endosomes the antibodies remain bound to
a highly conserved epitope located in
the stem of the ha
the antibodies now block the
confirmational change of ha thereby
infection the trapped virus degrades
leaving the cell [Music]
[Music]
unharmed some of cruel's new antibodies
can also prevent the initial cleage of
ha they bind to a highly conserved
epitope close to the ha cleavage site
thereby preventing host protasis from
virus the uncleaved virus is not
safe cruells neutralizing anybody's
prevent the spread of influenza
[Music] [Applause]
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