Nervous Tissue | Structural Organization in Animals | Anatomy | Inter 2nd year Class 11 Biology | Elearnin | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: Nervous Tissue | Structural Organization in Animals | Anatomy | Inter 2nd year Class 11 Biology
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tissue the nervous system plays a vital
role in establishing fast communication
between body
parts the entire nervous system is made
of neurons and nervous tissues the
neuron is made of two
parts the citon is Broad and also known
as the cell
body the axin is long and also known as nervous
nervous
fiber cyon or cell body the nucleus can
be seen in the citon the nucleus is
surrounded by nissle
granules the edges of the cyon project
as dentrites
axon or nerve fiber it is a long fiber
of the neuron it is engulfed by a fatty
myelin layer there is a thin layer
called neurilemma surrounding the myelin
between the neurilemma and myelin there
are Schwan cells nerve impulse nerve
impulse is the quick transmission that
occurs in the nervous system this occurs
in the form of electrochemical flow the
area between two neuron ends is known as
axon terminal the relation between the
neural Junction and transmission is that
the synaptic Junction between two
neurons helps the transmission of
impulse between them the chemical which
help this transmission are known as
neurotransmitters neurotransmitters
carry the transmission up the
syapse there are two types of cells in
the nervous system one nerve cell two
neuroglia the cells which transmit the
impulse are called nerve cells those
which don't transmit are known as
neuroglia nerve cells or neurons these
are the functional units of the nervous
system these cells get excited by the
impulse and transmit or pass it on when
a neuron is suitably stimulated an
electrical disturbance is generated
which swiftly travels along its plasma
membrane a neuron contains the cell body
one or more dentrites and an axon the
neuron is said to have two parts these
are one cyon or cell body two axon the
part of the axon not surrounded by the
Schwan cell and myelin is known as node
of ranir myelin acts as an electric
insulator Schwan cells help in the
production of myelin cell body it is
known as citon or body it has a lot of
granules and a large nucleus in the
cytoplasm the cytoplasm contains nissle
structures or nissle granules there are
subtle nerve fibers called lipo fusing granules
granules
the cell bodies in the CNS are called
nucleus while those in the pns are called
called
gangal dentrites the small Branch
structures surrounding the cell bodies
are known as dentrites they contain
nissle structures and nerve fibers axon
the axon is a single long cylindrical
structure it emerges from a part of the
cell body known as axen Hill the plasma
Lemma of the axin is known as axela and
its cytoplasm is known as axoplasm these
contain nerve fibers but not nissle
structures the axon forms collateral
branches the axon form small filamentous
structures called Telo dentrites which
end as synaptic knobs the axon transmits
the impulse to other neurons and muscle
fibers the axon bundles in CNS are known
as tracts while those in the pns are
known as nerves
syapse the subtle gap between the axon
terminal of the previous neuron and the
dentrite of the next is known as the
syapse types of neurons based on
divisions one unipolar nerve cells these
are sensory cells there is only
projection from the cell body here this
divides into two branches one of these
forms dentrites while the other is the
axon these are known known as pseudo
unipolar neurons two bipolar neurons
here dentrite and axon form directly
from the cell body they are present in
the retina of the eye inner ear and in
the all Factory sensory
epithelium three multi-polar neurons
these have an axon and one or more
dentrites most neurons in our body are
multipolar types of neurons based on
myin sheath myelinated axon in the pns
myelinated axons with Schwan cells
plasma Lemma around the internal axon
there is myin sheath in the Schwan cell
layers cell fluid and nucleus are in the
outer layer this covering is called
neurilemma the acellular part of
myelinated axons is called node of
ranir most of the white matter in the
CNS is also made of myelinated axons
non-myelinated axons they are present in
Gray matter of the CNS and the
ANS types of neurons based on function
Sensory neurons they send the signals
from the sense organs to the
CNS motor neurons they transmit signals
from the CNS to the affectors like
muscles glands Etc interneurons they are
present in the CNS they connect the Sens
sensory axons nerve the axons in the P
ands form nerves every nerve is covered
by a thin layer of connective tissue
known as
enderium a collection of axons is called
fasle it is covered by perenium all the
fices in the nerve form a bundle and are
covered by the connective tissue
covering called
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