0:05 [Music]
0:07 hello and welcome everyone to the poity
0:10 primer series of jdis my name is praga
0:12 in the poity Prima we are discussing the
0:15 major Constitutional Amendment act the
0:18 title of our today's discussion is the
0:20 seventh Constitutional Amendment act
0:22 explained in this discussion we are
0:25 firstly going to study about what is the
0:27 7th Constitutional Amendment act all
0:29 about we are also going to see its
0:31 history historical background we are
0:34 also going to analyze the key Provisions
0:37 introduced by the 7th Constitutional
0:39 Amendment act including the Articles
0:42 amended and the new articles that were
0:44 inserted in our Indian constitution
0:46 through this amendment lastly we are
0:47 going to see some of the questions for
0:50 your preliminary examination and a
0:52 question for your Main's examination so
0:54 if I talk about the background of our
0:56 today's topic whenever I teach you
0:58 Indian constitution I never fail to
1:01 mention that yes it is a very organic
1:04 document it is not a static document and
1:08 it definitely has the capacity of
1:10 adopting itself to the changing needs of
1:13 the society and that is why our founding
1:17 fathers inserted article 368 in our
1:19 Indian constitution so that it can
1:23 change itself it can modify Itself by
1:25 the changing needs of the society so
1:27 this brings us to the point of
1:29 discussion the important point of
1:31 discussion of our today's discussion
1:33 that what is the sth Constitutional
1:36 Amendment and what is the importance and
1:38 significance of having this amendment in
1:40 a Indian
1:43 constitution so if I talk about the
1:44 seventh Constitutional Amendment
1:48 basically it was done to give effect to
1:51 the recommendations of the state reorganization
1:54 reorganization
2:09 1956 and basically the seventh
2:13 Constitutional Amendment act reorganized
2:17 our Indian States on linguistic basis so
2:19 before this Amendment states in India
2:22 were organized primarily based on
2:25 administrative convenience and this led
2:27 to various linguistic and cultural
2:31 disparities and as we all know India is
2:33 a country which is very diverse in
2:36 nature if you talk about the culture and
2:38 we definitely believe in the concept of
2:41 unity in diversity and that is why to
2:44 honor our various cultures honor our
2:47 various languages that are spoken by our
2:50 local people we divided the states on
2:53 linguistic basis and the seventh
2:56 Constitutional Amendment facilitated
2:59 this reorganization of States moving forward
3:00 forward [Music]
3:11 let us discuss the historical background
3:14 behind the enactment of the 7th
3:16 Constitutional Amendment act so
3:17 basically the Seventh Amendment to the
3:20 Indian constitution was introduced to
3:24 make States segregation more organized
3:27 replacing it with the existing system so
3:31 what was the existing system it was part
3:35 A Part
3:37 B part
3:45 state so basically for administrative
3:48 convenience our Indian states were
3:51 divided into part A States Part B States
3:54 part C States and Part D States but all
3:57 of this existing system was abolished by
3:59 the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act it
4:01 brought major changes in the fourth
4:04 schedule and reorganized the states on a
4:07 linguistic basis as I have mentioned
4:09 various regions in India had been
4:11 demanding the formation of States based
4:14 on the language spoken by the majority
4:17 of the population and this amendment was
4:19 a step towards addressing these
4:22 linguistic and cultural diversities
4:25 because we India as a country believe in
4:28 unity in diversity so to give the effect
4:30 to the recommendation of the state
4:34 reorganization commission and to respect
4:37 unity in diversity this 7th
4:39 Constitutional Amendment Act was enacted
4:42 by our Indian Parliament moving
4:45 forward let us understand the key
4:47 provisions of the 7th Constitutional
4:51 Amendment Act of 1956 so basically the
4:53 first key provision is reorganization of
4:56 States as we are studying about it so
4:58 the amendment led to the reorganization
5:01 of several States based on linguistic
5:03 lines for example the state of Andra
5:06 Pradesh was formed to accommodate the
5:09 Telugu speaking population so basically
5:12 Karnataka Tamil Nadu Etc all of these
5:15 states in the South were divided on the
5:18 majority of the population speaking
5:20 language for example Telugu speaking
5:23 population Malayalam speaking population
5:25 Canada speaking population Etc so the
5:28 key provision includes reorganization of
5:31 States based on language based on
5:33 linguistic lines and that is why the eighth
5:42 schedule was also amended by the 7th
5:44 Constitutional Amendment act let me know
5:47 what does the E schedule speaks about in
5:50 the comment box below moving
5:53 forward special provision for some
5:57 states so as we all know article 371 of
6:00 our Indian constitution art
6:04 article 371 of the Indian constitution
6:06 talks about granting special status to
6:09 some of the Indian States so basically
6:11 the amendment allowed for the creation
6:13 of these special Provisions for some
6:16 states like the special status granted
6:19 to Jammu and Kashmir under article 370
6:22 of the Indian constitution and article
6:25 371 also talks about granting of special
6:28 status to various other Indian States moving
6:31 moving
6:34 forward changes in representation and
6:37 this was also a key provision of the 7th
6:39 Constitutional Amendment act that it
6:42 changed the representation of the states
6:45 in the loksabha okay in the territorial
6:48 constituencies so basically the number
6:50 of seats in the loksabha as well as the
6:53 rajas Sabha allocated to each state was
6:56 adjusted to reflect their population
6:58 after the
7:02 reorganization abolition of Class A B C
7:04 and D States as I have said that it
7:07 abolished the existing system of
7:10 classifying the states into part A B C
7:13 and D for administrative convenience so
7:15 basically the amendment abolished the
7:18 classification of States into classes a
7:21 b c and d simplifying the administrative
7:24 structure of the Indian States so that
7:26 is why it is said that yes it also
7:30 enhances federalism in India moving
7:33 forward let us see what were the
7:36 Articles that were amended by the 7th
7:38 Constitutional Amendment act so the
7:41 first article is definitely article one
7:43 the split of the state based on Parts
7:45 was eliminated as part of the revisions
7:48 made states were used in the place of
7:52 Parts A and B and states in part C and D
7:55 were replaced by the union territories
7:58 so basically we also had this provision
8:01 of Union territories by the seventh
8:03 Constitutional Amendment act and there
8:06 were added 14 States along with five
8:09 union territories by the 7th
8:16 forward article 81 so when we were
8:19 studying about the key provision we saw
8:22 that yes the territorial constituencies
8:24 and the representation of the states in
8:27 the loksabha and the rajha were also
8:30 changed so it has a provision which made
8:32 Readjustment in the allocation of seats
8:35 to the state and the divisions of each
8:37 state into territorial constituencies
8:41 after each census basically it said that
8:44 yes the territorial constituencies can
8:46 have 500
8:51 members in the loksabha and 20 members
9:04 so this limit of 500 members from the
9:06 state and 20 members from the union
9:09 territories was fixed by the 7th
9:11 Constitutional Amendment act by making
9:14 changes in article 81 of our Indian
9:16 constitution moving
9:19 forward a provision making it possible
9:21 to appoint the same person as the
9:25 governor for two or more States under
9:28 article 153 of the Indian constitution
9:31 was also made by the 7th Constitutional
9:35 Amendment act articles 170 and 171 were
9:37 also amended the maximum strength of the
9:40 legislative Council of a state has been
9:44 raised from 1/4 to one3 of the strength
9:48 of the legislative assembly of the state
9:51 because it promoted by Camal legislation
9:53 on the states as well let me know which
9:56 of the states in India have a bamal
9:58 legislation in the comment box below so
10:01 this by cameralism of the state
10:04 legislatures was also possible by the
10:07 sth Constitutional Amendment Act of
10:10 1956 moving
10:14 forward it also amended article 216 and
10:16 this sets the number of judges for each
10:18 high court and this enables the
10:21 president to propose as many judges as
10:24 required for a high court and it also
10:28 made possible the jurisdiction of a high
10:29 court on a union
10:33 territory jurisdiction of
10:38 a high court on a union territory okay
10:41 so this was also made possible by the
10:44 7th Constitutional Amendment Act of
10:48 1956 article 217 Clause 1 it was amended
10:50 to add the words in case of an
10:53 additional or acting judge as provided
10:56 in article 224 and in any other case to
10:59 the existing words of the provision
11:01 shall hold office until he attains the
11:05 age of 65 years that means it also added
11:07 the provisions of having additional and
11:09 acting judges in the high Courts for
11:12 States moving
11:16 forward article 230 was revised to
11:17 enable Parliament to extend the
11:19 jurisdiction of a high court to exclude
11:22 the jurisdiction of a high court from
11:24 any Union territory and this is the
11:26 provision which I was talking about in
11:29 fact it also said that previous ly the
11:31 high court judges were barred from
11:34 practicing in any court of law in India
11:37 but after the enactment of the seventh
11:39 Constitutional Amendment act the high
11:41 court judges can now practice in
11:43 different High courts as well as the
11:45 Supreme Court of India barring the court
11:48 in which they were the judge so this
11:51 provision was also added by the seventh
11:53 Constitutional Amendment act and now the
11:56 high court judges are not barred from
11:59 practicing law in the courts of India so
12:02 article 231 was also amended to enable
12:04 Parliament to establish a common high
12:07 court for two or more States okay and
12:10 article 240 was revised to make
12:12 Provisions for the peace progress and
12:14 good government of the Union territory
12:16 of the Underman and nicobar islands and
12:21 the lakad miny and amandi Islands okay
12:24 so all of these articles were amended by
12:27 the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act of
12:30 1956 now let us
12:33 see what are the new articles that was
12:36 inserted by this Constitutional
12:39 Amendment so the first is article 250 uh
12:42 Clause a which talks about the power of
12:44 the state to submit its executive
12:47 functions to the parliament of India
12:50 then there is article 350 Clause a which
12:53 promotes the education at primary level
12:56 for linguistically minority children in
12:59 their own mother tongue then there is is
13:02 article 350 Clause
13:06 B which talks about a special officer
13:08 for linguistic
13:11 minorities then there is article 371 of
13:13 our Indian constitution and as I have
13:16 mentioned it has special Provisions for
13:19 various Indian States then there is
13:22 article 372 Clause a which talks about
13:25 the power of the president to adapt laws
13:28 and lastly there is article 370 Clause
13:31 is which talks about the duration of the
13:33 State Legislative Assembly of Andra
13:35 Pradesh so this is a very special
13:38 article so all of these new articles
13:40 were also added by the sth
13:42 Constitutional Amendment act to the
13:44 Indian constitution with this we come to
13:46 a conclusion of our today's discussion
13:49 we have seen the 7eventh Constitutional
13:51 Amendment act we have also seen the
13:53 historical background and key provisions
13:55 of this act we have also analyzed the
13:57 articles that were amended by this act
14:00 and the articles that were newly added
14:02 to our Indian constitution by this act
14:06 now let us discuss the practice
14:08 questions for your prelims examination
14:11 so your first question is which article
14:13 of the Constitution provides that every
14:16 state shall Endeavor to provide adequate
14:18 facility for instruction in the mother
14:20 tongue at the primary stage of education
14:23 and this is a pyq that was asked in the
14:26 year 2001 your options are option A is
14:30 article 349 your option b is article 350
14:32 your option C is article 350 Clause a
14:36 and article your option D is article 351
14:38 so your correct answer is going to be
14:43 option C that is article 350 Clause a
14:46 moving forward to the next question your
14:48 question number two is what was the main
14:50 objective of the seventh Constitutional
14:53 Amendment act your options are option A
14:55 is to create new States and union
14:58 territories option b is to redefine the
15:00 powers of the president option C to
15:02 extend reservation of seats for
15:04 scheduled cast and scheduled tribes in
15:08 legislatures and option D to promote
15:11 religious freedom so your answer will be
15:14 to extend reservation of seats for
15:17 schedule cast and schedule tribes in
15:20 legislatures okay moving forward to the
15:22 last question of our today's discussion
15:24 so your question three is consider the
15:26 following statements your statement
15:29 number one is sth Constitution Amendment
15:31 act abolish the existing classification
15:34 of States into four categories that is
15:36 part A Part B part C and Part D States
15:39 and reorganize them into 14 States and
15:41 six union territories your option
15:44 statement B is it provided for the
15:46 establishment of a common high court for
15:49 two or more States so which of the
15:51 statements given above is our correct
15:53 the options are option A is one only
15:56 option b is two only option b c is both
15:58 one and two and option D is none of of
16:01 the above so this answer will be given
16:04 by you to me in the comment section and
16:06 I will be revealing this answer in the
16:09 next session of poity primer now let us
16:11 discuss a practice question for your Main's
16:16 examination so the question is discuss
16:18 the significance of the sth
16:20 Constitutional Amendment act so
16:22 basically you'll start writing about
16:24 this amendment that yes it is a very
16:27 significant Amendment and it increased
16:28 the federal structure in India you will
16:31 write about the reorganization of States
16:33 Etc and you will write that yes it was
16:35 enacted in the Indian constitution to
16:38 give the effect to the recommendations
16:40 of the state reorganization commission
16:42 then you will discuss the key Provisions
16:45 articles amended articles inserted in
16:47 very brief and then you can conclude
16:49 holistically that yes after this
16:52 amendment act our states are now
16:56 reorganized on linguistic basis and
16:59 definitely it eases the administration
17:02 of these states and it also promotes
17:05 unity in diversity so you can conclude
17:08 very holistically I hope this session
17:10 was insightful for you if you have any
17:11 feedback regarding this session you can
17:14 drop it in the comment box below if you
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