This content introduces fundamental terminology for understanding the periodic table, focusing on groups, periods, and the classification of elements by their properties and state at room temperature.
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in this video we're going to start
taking a look at the periodic table so
we need to start by really understanding
some of the terminology that we use when
we talk about the periodic table
let's start off with first group
so groups are written all along the top
of the periodic table here and a group
refers to a column
so a column is equal to a group
and we usually use the numbers that are
related to the different columns in the
periodic table so we have group one
which are these elements all down here
and group two are all of these ones here
and so on and so forth all the way up to
group 18.
now sometimes with groups and we'll see
why in later lessons
but Group 13 is also called group three
or group 14 is also called group four
and five six seven and eight so
depending on the periodic table you're
looking at it could be referred to for
these last set of groups here either the
group by the single digit or the one
with the 10 factor in front of it
so just something worth keeping in mind
when we talk about group number
the next term we need is period so
period numbers are listed along the side
here and there are seven periods where a
period is also a row in the periodic table
table
so there are seven periods in this
periodic table
so all of these elements hydrogen helium
are in Period one
in Period two we have all of these
elements and so on all the way down to
now when we also take a look at our
periodic table we can see that some of
the elements are in yellow some are in
green and some are in red
all of the elements that are in yellow
okay so all of the yellow ones are metals
metals
all of the elements that are listed in red
and then we have this last group here
that are in green and all of the
elements that are in green
are called
metalloids metalloids
okay so that includes Boron silicon germanium
germanium
um as SB and nte so
um they're all sort of seven there and
they sit on this Jagged line
between which the periodic table is
divided into metals and non-metals okay
now the reason they're called metalloids
is because they have properties of both
metals and non-metals and we'll see some
examples of those later on in the course
all right the last thing we want to
notice and recognize about this periodic table
table
is that some of the elements are written
in Black some are written in blue and
some are written in red
and this actually tells us you can see
this in our periodic table in our
classroom or on most periodic tables
like this if they're printed in color
if an element's black written in Black writing
writing
which is most of the metals here as well
as a couple of the non-metals
like here then they are solid at room temperature
and so when I say room temperature
usually when we talk about room
temperature and science we talk about 25
degrees Celsius
all of the elements listed in red and
there are only two here Mercury and bromine
bromine
so the red ones
are liquid at room temperature
so Mercury and bromine are both liquids
at room temperature
and then finally the ones that are listed
listed in
in blue
and so that is most of our non-metals
over on this side here not all of them
are going to be gases at room
temperature but quite a few of them are
okay that's it for this video let's move
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