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Israel & Palestine - Manny Man Does History

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Hi folks, thank you so much for joining.

This topic has been on my list for a

very long time. Indeed, since last time

Israel invaded Gaza 10 years ago in

2014. As many have been pointing out,

this is a very long and relatively

complicated history with most people

avoiding going too deep into it because

you could be here all day. Amidst so

much misinformation, halftruths, and

very shallow starting points of this

story, I decided to hopefully provide an

easy and clear way for everyone to get a

better overview of the vast history

going all the way back to 1200 BC and more.

more.

We all know bits and pieces along the

way, but this video seeks to tie it all

together. For those of you who are new

to my channel, welcome. I aim to make

history as easy and accessible to as

many people as possible because history

is far too important to be just for

history nerds like myself. This is

probably the biggest video I have ever

made in one go. In my 10 years of making

Manny Mando's history, I've been working

on this script and probably over 700

illustrations for the last 5 months.

This is a hugely laborintensive job, all

to provide the world with free

educational resources. These videos are

not possible without ongoing support

from Patreon and or YouTube memberships.

And with the way the economy and indeed

the YouTube algorithms have gone, it's

becoming more and more difficult to

produce this highquality edutainment on

here. Chances are due to the nature of

this video I'm about to talk about, this

video will probably struggle to be

monetized effectively, but it's too

important a topic for me to remain

silent on due to an algorithm. All of

this to say, please consider supporting

the creation of these videos through patreon.com/jondroddy

patreon.com/jondroddy

or by becoming a member here on YouTube.

Both include loads of benefits,

including custom illustrations and sneak

previews into future projects. I really

want to continue making these videos,

but if it's not sustainable, I might

have to give it up. So, please support

and thank you indeed to all my current

Patreon and YouTube members. Special

welcome to my newest supporters.

Katherine Ellis, Danna Boon, Jesse

Filman, Roberto, Max Schmidt, Martin

Voss, Francesco Martinez, Flora Jane

Simpson, Excite Mike 64, Sean Hope,

Garyoshi, Michael P, Katrina Geared,

Majestic Firebird, I love that name,

Kevin O'Donnell, Tia Hartman, and Anil.

Also, content warning for this video. It

indeed covers the long, long history of

anti-semitism in Europe. Nothing too

graphic here, but it's not pleasant. On

top of that, indeed, talk of the current

conflict in Gaza and beyond

Islamophobia, persecution. So much is

wrapped up in this conflict. Again,

there's nothing graphic, but it's not

pleasant. This video is as light-hearted

as possible and as child-friendly as

possible, but my light-heartedness

certainly has its limits. So, without

further ado, here is the long history of

Israel and Palestine. [Music]

[Music]

The Middle East is often known as the

cradle of civilization as it was here,

particularly between the Tigris and the

Euphrates rivers that the first major

cities of people began to sprout up. As

different peoples moved around,

different cultures and beliefs

developed. One group of people who began

to settle in the region between the

River Jordan and the Mediterranean Sea

known as Canaan were the Israelite

people. Another group were the Peliset

or Philistines who lived in Philistia.

The 12 Israelite tribes called this

place Israel and later united to form

the kingdom of Israel. And they had many

kings including King David with the city

of Jerusalem as their capital. They

built their temple in Jerusalem and

later the kingdom would divide into

Israel and Judea from which they would

get their name the Jews. The Jewish

kingdoms suffered several invasions from

their neighbors, including the Assyrians

and the Babylonians, who burnt Jerusalem

and captured many Jews, bringing them

back to Babylon. Where many at this time

believed in loads of different gods, the

Jews believed in one God whom they

called Yahweh. They believed that God

had promised Israel to them and that

they were his chosen people and their

desire to return to their homeland of

Israel or as they often named it, Zion,

became a part of their religion and

culture. When the Persians conquered

Babylon, they freed the Jews and allowed

them to return to Jerusalem and rebuild

their temple. The Greeks would invade

and some Jewish communities began

sprouting up across the eastern

Mediterranean. The Greeks would later

ban Jewish practices leading to the

Jewish Makabian revolt which is

remembered by Hanukkah and cemented a

cultural identity of Judaism amongst the

followers of Yahweh.

Ultimately the region became engulfed by

the Roman Empire. The Greeks and Romans

called this southern region Palestine

named after the Philistines where the

city of Gaza was built. The Jews

believed God would send a great hero to

save them from their oppressors. the

Messiah. There were some who believed a

young carpenter from Nazareth named

Jesus Christ was the Messiah, though his

leadership from oppression was more on a

spiritual level. Nonetheless, his

preaching of love and peace gained him

many followers. Many believing him to be

the son of God. Not long after arriving

in Jerusalem, Jesus was arrested by

Jewish authorities and executed by the

Romans. Many believed Jesus rose from

the dead, becoming even more powerful.

Those who began to follow him became

known as Christians, and they began to

spread the teachings of Jesus, becoming

a new religion.

Many of the Jews who didn't believe in

Christ's divinity rebelled against the

Romans, resulting in the Roman

destruction of the Jewish temple and

indeed Jerusalem itself. The Romans

replacing it with their own colony, Alia

Capalina. The Barakba revolt saw the

Jews in Judea utterly defeated by the

Romans who placed punishing laws against

them, banishing them from Jerusalem,

wiping the name Judea off the map and

renaming it Syria Palestina. In the wake

of the backlash, Christians further

distanced themselves from the Jewish

faith. Jewish culture then became mainly

centered around Galilee and more

dispersed across the empire. Some Jewish

communities began traveling across

Europe, settling in different places,

but were often looked upon in suspicion

with their strange language and

traditions. Sadly, often being

persecuted and or driven away. The Roman

Empire itself ultimately became

Christian. But as Rome's power in the

east began to diminish, the Eastern

Empire and indeed Palestine became

controlled by the Byzantines in

Constantinople, who began to colonize

Palestine with Christians. The Persians

conquered the land of Palestine and for

a time Jews were allowed to return to

Jerusalem before being kicked out in

favor of Christians.

Down south in the city of Mecca, the

prophet Muhammad had been developing a

new understanding of God whom they

called Allah. Fleeing initial

persecution for his beliefs in Mecca,

Muhammad settled in what became Medina,

and he initially established a

multi-religious Islamic state around the

city. He had hoped the Jews and

Christians in Arabia could embrace these

new beliefs. But many Jews believed

Islam contradicted their traditions and

fearing them as a challenge to his

authenticity as God's prophet, Muhammad

exiled the Jews from Medina. So conflict

with the Jews and Muslims began. Many

Muslims believed Muhammad while in

Jerusalem had ascended into heaven and

talked with the holy prophets. So the

city of Jerusalem indeed was an

important place for now the Jews,

Christians and Muslims.

Meanwhile, the Christian Byzantines

defeated the Persians and regained

Palestine. The Prophet Muhammad had

died, but his followers began to conquer

Arabia. Not long after, the Arabs

conquered Palestine, and as they

conquered across the Middle East and

North Africa, so went with them the

Islamic faith. In Jerusalem, Muslims

built the Dome of the Rock on the site

of the first and second Jewish temples

to mark where they believed Muhammad

ascended into heaven. Palestine would

come under control of various caliphates

and empires over the next few centuries.

Despite all these conquests, most of the

Palestinians living there were still

descended from the ancient people of

Canaan, Jews, Muslims, and Christians

alike, just under new management. In

Europe, Christians were banned from

lending money with interest by the

church, being seen as sinful. Jews

living in Europe were often blocked from

owning land. So, some Jews got into the

business of money lending, trading, and

insurance to earn their pay. Often,

lords and kings looking for access to

flexible finance would bring in Jewish

communities to lend money. But when the

peasants began to rumble about taxes and

the king's overspending on wars and

luxury, the king would often direct the

people's anger at the Jews.

Not liking that the Holy Lands were now

in control of Muslims and the Byzantine

Empire was dwindling in power, the Roman

Catholic Pope called on European powers

to go on holy crusade and take the Holy

Lands in the name of Christianity. They

were initially successful at capturing

Jerusalem and establishing several

crusader states but were ultimately

pushed back and Muslims recaptured

Jerusalem. The Muslim leader Salahadin

agreed that unarmed Christians could

still be allowed into Jerusalem and

indeed invited Jews to return to the

city. The Crusades created a strong

sense of Christian pride and identity

across Europe, which added to people's

anti-semitism, often blaming Jewish

communities for killing Jesus. Jews were

often accused of stealing children,

performing satanic blood rituals on

them, and so many violent massacres

against Jews ensued. In both the

Christian and Muslim world, Jews were

often forced to wear yellow badges so

they couldn't blend in, or in Germany,

pointy hats as well.

Poland was one of the only places in

Europe at that time to grant Jews

freedom to worship, trade, and travel.

Meanwhile, in Palestine, after back and

forth being under Christian or Muslim

control, Jerusalem and indeed all of

Palestine came back under the control of

the Turk and Egyptian slave armies of

the Mamluk Sultanate, ending the

Crusades. The Catholic Church had set up

the Inquisition to convert Jews and

Muslims in Europe through torture and

keep Europe Christian. The Jews were

ultimately expelled from England, then

France, and continuing violence towards

these people continued across Germany.

They were even blamed for the black

death as it spread across Europe. Jewish

communities indeed weren't hit as badly

given that they often lived in their own

isolated ghettos. As the Renaissance

came to Europe, many Christian

businessmen found loopholes in the

church's laws against money lending,

often cutting out the Jewish middleman.

The Spanish Inquisition had forced many

Jews to convert, but many people

continued to distrust them, suspecting

they were secretly practicing their old

traditions, which some of them were.

Throughout the 14th, 15th, and 16th

centuries, Jewish people were expelled

from Crimea, Hungary, France, again,

Austria, Spain, and Sicily, Cissia,

Lithuania, Portugal, so many kingdoms

amidst countless anti-semitic massacres

across Europe with many, many Jews

ending up in Poland.

The Christian Byzantine Empire finally

fell to the Turkish Ottoman Empire as

they captured Constantinople and more

and more referred to it as Istanbul.

The Ottomans would then begin to capture

more territory south, including

Palestine. As Jewish persecution and

book burning continued in Europe, some

Jews decided to make a new life in the

New World with the first Jews settling

in New Amsterdam, later New York in 1655.

1655.

At the same time, many Eastern European

Jews were killed as Russia and Sweden

invaded Poland. As Europe came into the

scientific and philosophical

enlightenment, many Jewish intellectuals

had their own enlightenment, leading to

the rise of a secular Jewish culture

amongst many and a push towards Jewish

emancipation in Europe. At the same

time, many Eastern European Jews

developed the spiritual community-based

tradition and anti-semitism would

continue. When France fell into the

chaos of the French Revolution, forces

led by Napoleon Bonapart were in the

Middle East, Napoleon offered Palestine

as a homeland for the Jews, hoping to

gain a French foothold in the Middle

East. But this didn't really materialize yet.

yet.

Once he became French emperor and

conquered half of Europe, Napoleon

granted Jews certain freedoms and

recognitions, but anti-semitism remained

strong in Europe.

Jewish emancipation was achieved in many

places across Europe throughout the 19th

century, but the political backlash saw

violence and pograms against Jews in

place like Germany and Russia.

Many Jewish people left, some

gravitating towards their longlost

ancestral home of Israel, with a small

Jewish neighborhood being established in

Jerusalem once again in 1860.

More Jewish settlements began to develop

in Palestine towards the end of the 19th

century, including Rishan Lzion.

As the Sue Canal opened, many Yemen Jews

moved to Palestine. Also, despite the

centuries of invasions and changes of

empires and powers, the majority of the

people in Palestine in the 19th century,

Muslims, Jews, and Christians were

descended from the original Bronze Age

settlers of that area.

19th century Europe was a continent of

nationalistic global empires with the

British, French, Belgians, etc. Planting

flags across the world, claiming

territories, colonizing, and violently

conquering, the United States of America

spent the century expanding across North

America, confiscating land from

indigenous people. And when those people

fought back, US forces would wipe them

out, reducing indigenous territory to

sparse pockets dotted across the map.

Another project they participated in was

setting up Liberia, a West African

colony designed for America to send

formerly enslaved black people back to

Africa, despite most of them having been

in the Americas for generations.

Because of this, the new Americano

Liberians didn't really gel with the

indigenous population and saw themselves

as culturally superior to the natives

and they gentrified the land, enslaved

locals, and built a mini America and

West Africa. Foreshadowing.

Foreshadowing.

In this era of colonialism, many

European Jews believed this could be

done in Palestine for the Jews. Vianese

writer Nathan Bernbalm coined the term

Zionism as the idea of a Jewish nation

state. Zion being a longing name for

Jerusalem and even Israel itself.

Theodore Herzel published Derudenat

calling for the restoration of a Jewish

state. The first Zionist organization

was founded in Switzerland in 1897.

Other places outside of Palestine were

considered, such as Argentina or Uganda

for a Jewish state, but Palestine was

ultimately chosen, and Zionists began

investigating Palestine throughout the

1900s, as some wealthy benefactors and

private donations helped begin the

purchase of land in Palestine for the

project, despite local Arab Palestinians

already not liking the idea of a sudden

influx of European colonists taking

their land. And indeed, not all Jews

were convinced that Zionism was the

right way to go.

More Jews flocked to Palestine, many

setting up little agricultural

communities known as a kibuts. One

suburb of Jaffa would grow to become Tel

Aviv. Zionist militias were set up to

keep local Palestinians away who were

threatened by the ever growing number of

these foreign communities springing up.

Zionists began to revive the ancient

Hebrew language as their everyday spoken

language. A language which had been dead

in everyday use for 2,000 years, but

kept alive in Jewish liturgy. When World

War I broke out, it saw these major

European empires fight against each

other. Possibly over a million Jewish

soldiers fought in this war, and of

course, their loyalties were questioned

all along the way. The British convinced

the Arabs to revolt against the secular

Ottoman Empire. As the British captured

the region, Foreign Secretary Arthur

Balfur wrote a letter to Lord

Rothschild, one of the leaders of the

British Jewish community, promising

Britain's support of a Jewish national

home on Arab land, recognizing that

European Jewish colonists right in the

middle of the Middle East would be a

strong ally to further destabilize the

region. After the war, Muslim Christian

associations came together in Palestine

in the Arab Congress to promote Arab

unity and to oppose the Balfur

declaration. The defeated Ottoman Empire

was dissolved and much of the territory

was divided up by Britain and France,

actively drawing the borders to keep the

Arabs divided. Ronald Stores, the newly

appointed British governor of Palestine,

compared the new Jewish colonies in

Palestine to England's historical

colonization of Olter in the 1600s and

how that grew to fruition in an Irish

province deeply loyal to Britain. The

Yishov, the ever growing Jewish

community in Palestine, established the

assembly of representatives and the

Jewish National Council to further

organize themselves together. Meanwhile,

during all of this, over 100,000 Jews

were killed in pograms during the chaos

of the Russian civil war.

In Paris, the world powers were

convening in Versailles and began

establishing some new nations based on

historical ethnic groups. Amir Fil

outlined a case for the independence of

Arab countries. However, in 1922, the

League of Nations decided Britain was

indeed in charge of Britishmandated

Palestine with a view to establish a

Jewish state. It suited many European

nations to potentially get rid of their

Jews, offloading them to Palestine.

Fresh off terrorizing the people of

Ireland who had been fighting for their

independence. Some of the auxiliaries

and the Black and Tans, the heavyduty

police force who terrorized and murdered

Irish civilians and committed several

atrocities were now sent to do the exact

same thing to the Palestinians, who were

not happy with the increased influx of

European Jewish colonists into the

region. Mass protests, violence, and

riots ensued from the Palestinians

throughout the late 1920s and 30s as it

became clear that the British were very

much favoring the new Jewish colonists.

Jewish settlers organized a paramilitary

group called Hagena to fight

Palestinians. The entire situation was

made worse by the huge rise of

anti-semitism in Europe, particularly in

Germany. The Nazi party blamed the Jews

for selling out Germany at the end of

World War I, spreading age-old

conspiracy theories like secretly

controlling the world through banking

and media. And indeed, like any other

century, when times were tough and the

working class were beginning to direct

their anger towards the wealthy, the

finger was pointed at the Jews, and

indeed not just the wealthy ones.

The Nazis came to power in 1933 and many

Jews fled Germany. Some to neighboring

countries, some to the new Jewish nation

state in Palestine. Some partially with

help from a divisive agreement with Nazi Germany.

Germany.

Germany brought in laws to legally

discriminate against Jewish people,

loosely based on the tried and tested

Jim Crow laws of the southern states of America.

America.

The Palestinians led a six-month general

strike followed by a rebellion

throughout the late 1930s, opposing

ongoing Jewish colonization.

The UK Peel Commission in 1937

recommended that Palestine should be

partitioned, separating the Palestinians

from the Jewish state because the

conflict seemed irreconcilable.

Even then, Britain tried to limit Jewish

immigration with quotas. This all seemed

to be getting out of hand for the

British as Zionists and Palestinians

were at each other's throats. All the

while the looming threat of Nazi Germany

was growing as Jews in Germany were

attacked and Jewish businesses and

synagogues destroyed on mass in the

crystal, the night of broken glass. As

World War II broke out and Nazi Germany

took control of most of mainland Europe,

they began gathering Jews from all

across the territory, particularly from

Eastern Europe, stealing their

belongings, putting the Jews in ghettos,

and ultimately sending them to

concentration camps, work camps, and

death camps in what became known as the Holocaust.

Holocaust.

During the war, Zionists in America met

in New York, calling for unlimited

Jewish immigration to a new Jewish

Commonwealth in Palestine. Some who

believed in a Jewish Arab state were

pushed aside.

After shipping all of the Jews off to

Madagascar proved too impractical, the

Nazi regime hoped to use the fog of war

to commit heinous atrocities.

and they exterminated six million Jewish

people along with several million other

minorities including Romani people,

disabled people and queer people.

Sadly, many countries actively helped

Germany in their final solution.

Anti-semitism being alive and well

across Europe, although Denmark managed

to save most of their Jewish population

by allowing them to escape to neutral

Sweden. Big it up, Denmark. Thankfully,

Germany lost the war and many of the

concentration camps were liberated.

Though many's experience beyond the

camps was just as bad, being abused by

soldiers and many finding their homes

stolen by other locals. The newly formed

United Nations would go on to recognize

genocide as an international war crime

based on the work of Raphael Lmin.

Many European Jews left Europe, many

moving to America, many moving to the

ever strengthening Jewish state in

Palestine. Some Arab Palestinians took

in Jewish refugees amidst the aftermath

of the Holocaust. Now more than ever, do

Jewish people feel the need for securing

a Jewish state for a Jewish people,

independent even from their British

overseers. With more and more

paramilitary terrorism and Britain in a

bad state after the war, Britain

suggested it might relinquish control of Palestine.

Palestine.

The United Nations now proposed a plan

of partition between a Jewish state and

an Arab state with Jerusalem itself

under UN control. None of this was

implemented though as it sparked a civil

war between the Jews and Arabs as the

twothirds majority Arabs would be

getting less than half of the land. In

1948, as Britain planned to withdraw,

Zionists declared independence and the

state of Israel was created with its

capital in Tel Aviv. Neighboring Arab

states invaded Israel, becoming the

Arab-Israeli war. Israeli forces swiftly

expanded the territory, forcing 750,000

Palestinians off their land and crammed

into territories around Gaza and the

West Bank of the River Jordan. Many fled

to neighboring countries as refugees.

Over 500 towns were emptied of Arabs and

either destroyed or repopulated by Israelis.

Israelis.

This catastrophe is known as the

Palestinian Nakba.

The UN appointed a mediator in

Palestine, but Zionists would soon

assassinate him. The UN continued to try

and maintain control over the worsening

situation for Palestinians, continuing

to call for Jerusalem to be under

international regime and Palestinians to

have the right to return to their homes.

Israel negotiated an armistice with its

neighboring Arab states, Lebanon, Syria,

Jordan, and Egypt. Jordan would assume

control of the West Bank. Egypt would

control the Gaza Strip, while Israel

proclaimed its capital to be Jerusalem

against UN resolutions.

Over the following years, many Arab Jews

from across the Arab world were

convinced by Israel to migrate and

detach from their Arab heritage.

Israel established the Jewish law of

return for any Jews across the world,

automatically gaining Israeli

citizenship if they want it, whether or

not they've ever set foot anywhere near Israel.

Israel.

Palestinians living in exile did not

share that luxury, with many of their

descendants never even being allowed to

visit their homeland. The UN established

UNRA to help with the Palestinian

refugee crisis.

Egypt had been blocking Israeli ships

from the Suez Canal and the Straits of

Thran, resulting in Israel invading the

Sinai Peninsula, with France and Britain

getting involved, too. Amidst this new

cold war era, the two new superpowers,

the USA and the Soviet Union, told both

sides to stand down. Many Palestinian

diaspora formed the FATA movement,

aiming for Palestinian liberation. In

1964, the Arab League Summit met in

Cairo and called for Arab Unity. And

from this, the Palestinian Liberation

Organization or the PLO was formed in

Jerusalem. While Israel's treatment of

Palestinians was becoming more and more

brutal. The PLO's initial goal was to

destroy Israel and establish a secular

Palestinian state in the territory.

After years of Egypt blocking Israel's

access to the Su Canal, 1967 saw Israel

at war with Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and

Iraq. The 6-day war saw massive gains

for Israel as it took control of Golan

Heights from Syria, the West Bank from

Jordan, and the entire Sinai Peninsula

from Egypt. This greatly bolstered

Israeli nationalism, having fought off

their enemies and conquered new

territory. The US greatly got behind

Israel during this war as it allowed

them to destabilize the growing power of

a secular Egypt in the Middle East. They

thought that more radical Islamism was

easier to control. Around this time too,

Israel was rumored to have developed

nuclear weapons, though it has never

been 100% confirmed.

The UN called for Israel to withdraw

from these newly occupied territories

and stop terrorizing Palestinians and

other Arabs in those regions. And Israel

were like, "Nah."

The PLO, now stationed in Jordan, but

heads with the Jordan authorities,

resulting in the internal civil war

known as Black September. The PLO were

driven up to Lebanon and from this a

terrorist group called Black September

would emerge and they assassinated many

enemies, most infamously 11 Israeli

athletes during the Munich Olympics.

In 1973, Egypt and Syria led a surprise

attack on Israel during the Jewish holy

day of Yam Kapour. The war was yet

another proxy war of the Cold War with

the United States and Soviet Union

backing the combatants. Israel fought

back, almost reaching Cairo when the US

and Soviets pulled the plug and demanded

a ceasefire.

In 1974, the PLO gained much

international recognition as the sole

legitimate representation of the

Palestinian people, indeed becoming an

observer in the UN.

The right of Palestinians to

independence and to human rights was

recognized and Israel proceeded to

confiscate more land and clearing more

Arab cities within Israel. Huge mass

protests against this ensued which is

commemorated in Palestinian land day. In

1979, Israel and Egypt signed the Camp

David Accords looking to create peace.

The old city area of Jerusalem was put

under UNESCO care. With the emergence of

more radical Islamic nationalism, the

extremist group Palestinian Islamic

Jihad emerged, using terrorism to try

establish an Islamic State of Palestine.

Amidst the ongoing civil war in Lebanon,

Israel invaded in 1982 to try and wipe

out the PLO and backed Lebanese

Christian extremists to massacre

Palestinian refugees.

The PLO fled to Chunisia. Due to the

Camp David Accords, Israel would later

return the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt.

In 1987, as Israel's occupation of Gaza

and the West Bank neared 20 years, many

young Palestinians who had only known

Israeli occupation their whole life,

rose up in protest and frustration in

what is known as the first inifada, a

predominantly nonviolent uprising. Out

of this however some hardline

Palestinians formed the Islamic

resistance movement Hamas advocating the

destruction of Israel. Amidst the inifa

the PLO declared the state of

Palestine's independence

while still in exile in Algeria in 1988.

Despite the declaration, Gaza, the West

Bank, and indeed Syria's golden heights

continued to be occupied by the Israeli

Defense Forces. After the collapse of

the Soviet Union, there was a huge

influx of Jews from those territories

who had had limited traveling ability

during the Soviet era. More peace talks

would ensue in the early '90s,

ultimately leading to the Oslo Accords,

which were signed by Israel and

Palestine, aiming for a two-state

solution, with the PLO led by Yaser

Arafat recognizing Israel's existence

and only seeking to solidify the

Palestinian state in Gaza and the West

Bank and allowing Palestinians more

autonomy within that territory. The

Israeli Prime Minister Yeetszac Rabin

was assassinated by an Israeli ultraist

who was opposed to these moves for

peace. Despite the Oslo Accords, Israel

continued to limit Palestinians

freedoms, having laws that favored Jews

over non-Jews, particularly

discriminating against Arabs. More and

more people drew comparisons to the

recently ended apartheid regime of South

Africa, separating white people and

black people.

Israel and Palestine then agreed that

most Israeli forces be withdrawn from

Hebrron in the West Bank in more moves

towards peace, but not a lot was

actually done.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin

Netanyahu would later lose his election

due to corruption allegations. More and

more Palestinian territory would come

under control of Palestinian

authorities. At the turn of the 21st

century, Israel and Palestine came

together again at the Camp David 2

summit, but with no agreements, as

Arafat wanted a Palestinian right of

return for the millions of Palestinians

in exile across the world.

Israel had been claiming East Jerusalem

and indeed the Temple Mount since 1980.

And when soon to be Israeli Prime

Minister Ariel Chiron visited Al Axa and

the Temple Mount in September, it

triggered the second Palestinian Inifata

with a massive wave of protests and many

terrorist attacks against Israeli

occupation. In response to this, Israel

reoccupied Palestinian cities in the

West Bank. While the UN came up with

more and more resolutions, Israeli

settlers would continue to move into the

West Bank, intimidating Palestinians off

their own land, destroying

infrastructure, killing olive trees, and

Palestinian militant groups such as

Islamic Jihad and Hamas launched

thousands of rockets into Israel over

the years, terrorizing the people.

The UN, US, EU, and Russia formed the

Quartet to try and resolve the issues

and create a road map for peace. But the

settlers kept settling.

PLO leader Yaser Arafat died in 2004,

which left many Palestinians without

strong leadership. Israel began to

disengage from Gaza in 2005, and Israeli

settlers within Gaza were removed. The

next year, Hamas won the legislative

election in Gaza and began to take

control, fighting against Fata, the more

secular Palestinian party, and took

control of Gaza. Fata would maintain

control of the West Bank. At the same

time, Israel now went to war with the

Lebanese jihadist group Hezbollah to the

north. But with Hamas's violent presence

in Gaza, Israel blockaded Gaza and its

nearly 2 million citizens.

Over the years, they would tighten their

hold on Gaza, sealing it off from the

rest of the world, ultimately launching

a full 22-day military assault on Gaza.

Amidst the war and threat of retaliatory

rockets launched from Hamas, the

right-wing former Prime Minister

Benjamin Netanyahu returned to power in

Israel. The UN called for a ceasefire

and investigated Gaza. Also, to give you

an idea of scale, this is the Gaza Strip

compared to New York City. Hamas were a

very convenient threat to the right-wing

Israeli government, seeming less

reasonable and much more easy to vilify

and justify the Israeli chokeold over

Palestinians in the open air prison of

Gaza, keeping Gazins and Palestinians in

the West Bank divided. In 2011, Israel

obtained the Iron Dome rocket defense

system to intercept Hamas rocket attacks.

attacks.

Israel would attack Gaza again in 2012

due to the rockets.

Later that month, Palestine was granted

non-member observer state status in UN.

And in 2014, Israel launched the biggest

assault on Gaza since 1967

in Operation Protective Edge, fighting

for a month and a half before coming to

a ceasefire. Netanyahu continued to win

elections. The UN deemed that Israeli

settlements in the West Bank violated

international law

and did nothing about it. More and more

support for Israel would come from

Christian conservatives in America who

believed that bringing about the

prophecies of the Old Testament and the

book of Revelation involved all the Jews

returning to Israel. It's deeply

cynical. The American Israel Public

Affairs Committee aka Apac worked hard

in America to ensure ongoing political

support from the US. In 2017, US

President Donald Trump announced

America's recognition of Jerusalem as

Israel's capital, not Tel Aviv. Further

bolstering Netanyahu's resolve that

Israel's biggest supporter and funer USA

had their back. The PLO withdrew their

recognition of Israel, demanding they

adhere to pre967

borders, which Israel showed no signs of

doing as more settlers built in the West

Bank and Gaza remained surrounded. Trump

would then mediate the Abraham Accords,

bringing in other Arab states to create

a peace plan and push business forward,

leaving Palestine behind, still under siege.

siege.

Under decades of pressure, occupation,

persecution, and violence, Hamas

launched a massive heinous attack on

Israel on October 7th, 2023, kidnapping

roughly 240 hostages, killing over 1,200

Israelis in bordering areas, and took

the world by surprise. It was the

largest attack on Jewish people since

the Holocaust, and many dubbed it as

Israel's 9/11.

Israel's response was a relentless

bombing of Gaza and a ground assault. In

one month alone, when this script was

first written, over 10,000 Palestinians

were killed. As of time of publishing,

April 2024, the Palestinian death toll

is over 30,000.

Many Israelis claimed that the people of

Gaza deserved it, having voted for Hamas

all those years ago. But most of Gaza's

very young population weren't able to

vote or probably weren't even alive yet

in 2006.

Israel's incessant missiles certainly

made it clear that they seemed more

interested in making Gaza unlivable for

its people because those missiles didn't

seem too effective at rescuing hostages.

The conflict saw social media take over

all sorts of narratives with propaganda

and falsities being shared constantly.

I'm making this video now in an attempt

to possibly help people begin to

understand the long, long history of

this situation and all of the nuance

that comes with it. There's a lot not

mentioned in this video and you can let

me know which bits in the comments, but

this is meant to be a start in

understanding this whole conflict. If

you want to know more, there's plenty

out there to find out. I am not nor

should I be the last word in any of this.

this.

It is a sad sad irony that a state

established by so many Holocaust survivors

survivors

would go on to treat the Palestinians in

such a way to participate in ethnic

cleansing in genocide and doing so in

the name of self-defense and more living space.

space.

Zionists too often accuse any legitimate

criticism of the Israeli state as

anti-semitism, using it as a shield. And

don't get me wrong, anti-semitism is

alive and well in the world. But not all

criticism of Israel is such. In fact,

most anti-semites tend to support

Zionism because again, it gives the Jews

somewhere to go, not on their doorstep.

It also plays deeply into the concept of

ethnostates which many in the far right

are obsessed with. Israel's very public

heinous atrocities towards the people of

Gaza. Bombing, starvation, destroying

hospitals, killing aid workers and

journalists, hering most of the

population towards the Egyptian border.

It all only turns more and more people

against Jewish people. And when Israel

claims to do this in the name of all

Jewish people, it actually fuels anti-semitism,

anti-semitism,

particularly amongst those who don't

understand all of these nuances. One

could even argue that that's what

Zionists want as they can continue to

play the victim and draw more and more

Jews from across an ever increasingly

hostile anti-semitic world.

South Africa accused Israel of war

crimes in the International Court of

Human Justice in Hague and Israel

continued doing what it's doing. The USA

has continually vetoed UN motions

towards a ceasefire, helping Israel to

continue pummeling Gaza and its people

into the ground. They eventually

abstained and allowed a vote through.

But I mean, well done, lads. By claiming

that a handful of UNRA workers were

possibly involved in the October 7th

attacks, Israel successfully convinced

many countries to defund UNRA and damage

aid supplies to starving civilians.

Israeli protesters continue to block aid trucks.

trucks.

Like the people of Gaza are starving.

Many Jewish people don't support

Israel's actions. Some Israelis don't

support their own government's actions.

However, the Israeli government has

spent a long time radicalizing their

population, particularly younger

generations in Israel.

If you are one of those younger

generations watching this, please just

watch it with an open mind.

Plenty people are waiting for the dust

to settle so they can build their luxury

apartments and resorts on that prime

shorefront real estate of Gaza or

whatever it's going to be renamed to try

to try and erase that story to. And if

we're going to get really technical on

it here, Gaza wasn't even part of the

original kingdom of Israel.

Not that not that that matters.

The current situation with most of the

Western world's leaders blindly backing

Israel is a backing of continued

colonialism. Many Israeli Jewish people

play the indigenous card, claiming that

they are the people who have been living

or should have been living there all

along, but the vast majority of them

have much stronger, more recent roots in

Europe and America. They've won and

hosted the Eurovision several times over

the decades.

Going back to the roots of Zionism in

the 1890s, it was a project of European

Jewish people to establish a Jewish

colony in the Holy Lands backed by

Western powers because it was a European

colony in the Middle East, albeit of the

Jewish variety. There are indeed Jewish

Israelis who have come from North

Africa, the Middle East and other

places, but even they have been

historically discriminated against by

European Jews in Israel, carrying all

the traits of a white supremacist colonialism.

colonialism.

Countries such as the USA, Canada,

Australia, and New Zealand are indeed

products of this very similar settler

colonialism. Although their violent

conquests and subjugations were mostly

not livereamed,

most powers in Europe seem hesitant to

denounce Israel's actions, partially

out of a long, long sense of guilt for

the centuries of European anti-semitism,

which has resulted in the atrocities of

today. The people of Gaza and indeed

Palestine are paying for Europe's guilty

conscience. And with all of this being

said, don't let this feed into another

wave of anti-semitism either. We

continue to fall for the same tricks and

lies time and time again.

Dehumanization, tribalism, us and them.

We're all just people

trying to live our lives. Why does it

have to be us and them when we are so

much stronger together? And I know that

sounds cheesy, but it's true. And who

Having seen the effects of violence and

divisions caused by colonialism in my

own country and seeing the peace process

in Northern Ireland, peace and

reconciliation between Catholics and

Protestants working together. A brighter

future is possible, but it requires

ongoing work. And all that being said,

what is happening in Gaza right now is

beyond any scale of what happened during

the troubles. Over several decades, the

troubles in Northern Ireland claimed the

lives of about 3,500 people. And that

number was hit about two weeks into this

current phase of the massacre in Gaza.

I don't know the solution to this.

Two-state solution, one-state solution,

whatever. The killing needs to stop. The

genocide needs to stop.

Ceasefire now. Free all the hostages

and free Palestine.

My friend Fel Mustapa, who is indeed a

Palestinian living here in Ireland in

exile, explained to me the Arabic word

kahar, which is an intergenerational,

slow burning anger at the years and

years of injustice, racism,

dehumanization, and oppression suffered

upon a people. It describes perfectly

the anger which is simmering in the

hearts of many at the injustice towards

the now starving people of Palestine.

There's all far too much to cover. You

know, there are plenty of people out

there covering the ongoing events better

than me. I'm a history channel, not a

current affairs channel. But between IDF

killing civilians or as many have now

dubbed the IOF as opposed to uh Israeli

defense forces, Israeli offense forces,

between canal projects, gas fields,

murdered journalists, destroyed

hospitals and universities, self-

emilation protests, the flower massacre.

There's all far too much to talk about

and indeed the current events are still

unfolding. But I hope this video has

given more nuance and context to the

entire situation. And when people get

frustrated that the history is too

complicated to explain quickly, I hope

this video can help. Fair enough. It's

like about 40 minutes at this stage, but still.

still.

I'm going to finish with the powerful

words of Rifat Alar, the Palestinian

writer and professor who was killed in

an Israeli air strike at the end of 2023.

2023.

If I must die, you must live. To tell my

story, to sell my things, to buy a piece

of cloth and some strings. Make it white

with a long tail. So that a child

somewhere in Gaza, while looking heaven

in the eye, awaiting his dad, who left

in a blaze,

and bid no one farewell, not even to his

flesh, not even to himself, sees the

kite. My kite you made flying up above

and thinks for a moment an angel is

there bringing back love.

If I must die, let it bring hope.

Thanks for watching folks. I'm going to

keep this brief. You've seen the

monumental work that goes into these

videos. This video has taken five months

to produce. So, please support my work

either through patreon.com/jundroddy

or YouTube memberships. It is vital for

the survival of this channel. And

indeed, like, share, and subscribe, and

click the bell icon for more history

videos. If you're new to this channel, I

have plenty of history videos for you to

catch up on. And I'm a lot more

light-hearted than this, but you know,

this is

this is just so much. You can go check

them out. If you would like to donate to

Palestine, I have links to ENRA down

below. There are people,

children starving to death in Gaza right now.

now.

You can follow all my socials. You can

follow all my socials at John De Rody.

Thank you.

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Israel & Palestine - Manny Man Does History