This content consists of four sections from an IELTS listening test, covering a conversation about childcare enrollment, a radio interview about dolphin conservation, a discussion between theatre studies students, and a lecture on leadership theory.
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Cambridge English IELTS 10 published by
Cambridge University Press and Cambridge
English language assessment 2015 this
recording is copyright CD 2 test 3 you
will hear a number of different
recordings and you will have to answer
questions on what you hear there will be
time for you to read the instructions
and questions and you will have a chance
to check your work all the recordings
will be played once only the test is in
four sections at the end of the test you
will be given 10 minutes to transfer
your answers to an answer sheet now turn
to section 1 section 1 you will hear a
conversation between the director of a
childcare centre and a parent enrolling
her child in the centre first you have
you will see that there is an example
that has been done for you on this
occasion only the conversation relating
to this will be played first good
morning welcome to the early learning
child care center how may I help you hi
I spoke to you last week about enrolling
my daughter for next year oh yes I'll
just get some details from you so you're
her mother that's right and can I have
your name it's Carol Carol Smith the
parents name is Carol Smith so Smith has
been written in the space now we shall
begin you should answer the questions as
you listen because you will not hear the
recording a second time listen carefully
and answer questions 1 to 6 good morning
welcome to the early learning child care
center how may I help you hi I spoke to
you last week about enrolling my
daughter for next year oh yes I'll just
get some details from you so you're her
mother that's right and can I have your
name it's Carol Carol Smith and your
daughter's name it's Kate now we have
several groups at the center and we
cater for children from 3 to 5 years old
how old is your daughter she's 3 now but
she turns four next month I'll put 4
down because that's how old she'll be
when she starts fine she's so excited
about a birthday and coming to the
center no that's good to hear and what's
your address it's 46 wombat Road that's
WOM b8e
Woodside 403 - and what's the phone
number oh it's three three four five
nine eight six five so have you decided
on the days you would like to bring your
daughter here I prefer Monday and
Wednesday if possible mmm I'll check
Monday's find
I think the center is already full for
Wednesday yes sorry it seems to be a
very popular day we can offer you a
Thursday or a Friday as well oh dear I
suppose Thursday would be alright
because she has swimming on Friday okay
got that because a lot of parents work
we do offer flexible start and finish
times we're open from 7:30 in the
morning until 6 o'clock at night what
time would you like your daughter to
start I need to get to work in the city
by 9:00 so I'll drop her off at 8:30
mm-hmm you're pretty close to the city
here so that should give me plenty of
time to get there that's fine
now we also need to decide which group
she'll be in we have two different
groups and they're divided up according
to age there's the green group which is
for 3 to 4 year-olds and then there's
the red group which is for 4 to 5 year-olds
year-olds
she's quite mature for her age and she
can already write her name and read a
little well I'll put her in the red
group and we can always change it at the
green one if there are any problems that
sounds fine okay let's move on to meals
we can provide breakfast lunch and
dinner as she's finishing pretty early
she won't need dinner will you give her
breakfast before she comes yes she'll
only need lunch before you hear the rest
of the conversation you have some time
now does she have any medical conditions
we need to know about
does she have asthma or any hearing
problems for example no but she does
need to wear glasses oh I'll make a note
of that yes she's pretty good about
wearing them she can't see much without
them right ok now I also need emergency
contact details so what sort of
information do you need just the name
and number of a friend or family member
we can contact in case we can't get hold
of you at any time ok that it better be
my sister Jenny ball huh that's be a
double ill her phone number is 3 3 4 6 7
5 2 3 great so she is the child aren't
yes that's right I'll make a note of
that as well now is there anything you'd
like to ask what about payment how much
of the fees each term well for two days
and the hours you've chosen that will be
four hundred and fifty dollars
altogether okay and do I have to pay
that now no we send out invoices once
the children start at the center you can
choose to pay at the end of each term or
we do offer a slightly discounted rate
if you pay every month oh I'll do that
then I find it easier to budget that way
and I'm not used to the term dates just
yet good it makes it a lot simpler for
us as well well that's everything would
you like me to show you around the
center that is the end of section 1 you
now have half a minute to check your answers
now turn to section 2 section 2 you will
hear a woman called Alice bustle talking
on the radio above the dolphin
Conservation Trust an organization which
tries to protect dolphins first you have
now listen carefully and answer
questions 11 to 15 today we're pleased
to have on the show Alice bustle from
the dolphin Conservation Trust tell us
about the trust Alice
well obviously its purpose is to protect
dolphins in seas all around the world it
tries to raise people's awareness of the
problems these marine creatures are
suffering because of pollution and other
threats it started 10 years ago and it's
one of the fastest growing animal
charities in the country although it's
still fairly small compared with the big
players in Animal Protection we're
particularly proud of the work we do in education
education
last year we visited a huge number of
schools in different parts of the
country going round to talk to children
and young people aged from 5 to 18 in
fact about 35% of our members are
children the charity uses its money to
support campaigns for example for
changes in fishing policy and so forth
it hopes soon to be able to employ its
first full-time biologist with dolphin
expertise to monitor populations of
course many people give their services
on a voluntary basis and we now have
volunteers working in observation office
work and other things I should also tell
you about the award we won from the
charity Commission last year for our
work in education although it's not
meant an enormous amount of money for us
it has made our activities even more
widely publicized and understood in the
long term it may not bring in extra
members but we're hoping it'll have this
effect is it possible to see dolphins in
UK waters yes in several locations and
we have a big project in the East part
of Scotland this has long been a haven
for dolphins because it has very little
shipping however that may be about to
change soon because oil companies want
to increase exploration there we're
campaigning against this because
although there'll be little pollution
from oil exploration creates a lot of underwater
underwater
noise it means the Dolphins can't rest
and socialize this is how I became
interested in Dolphin conservation in
the first place I had never seen one and
I hadn't been particularly interested in
them at school then I came across this
story about a family of dolphins who had
to leave their home in the Morpher
because of the oil companies and about a
child who campaigned to save them I
before you hear the rest of the talk you
have some time to look at questions
now listen and answer questions sixteen
to twenty I'm sure our listeners will
want to find out what they can do to
help you mentioned the adopter dolphin
scheme can you tell us about that
of course people can choose one of our
dolphins to sponsor they receive a
picture of it and news updates I'd like
to tell you about four which are
currently being adopted by our members
Moondancer echo Kiwi and Sampson
unfortunately echo is being rather
elusive this year and hasn't yet been
cited by our observers but we remain
optimistic that he'll be out there soon
all the others have been out in force
Samson and Moondancer are often
photographed together but at Kiwi who's
our real character as she seems to love
coming up close for the cameras and
we've captured her on film hundreds of
times they all have their own
personalities Moondancer is very elegant
and curves out and into the water very smoothly
smoothly
whereas Samson has a lot of energy he's
always leaping out of the water with
great vigor you'd probably expect him to
be the youngest he's not quite that's
Kiwi but Samson's the latest of our
dolphins to be chosen for the scheme
Kiwi makes a lot of noise so we can
often pick her out straight away echo
and Moondancer and noisy - but Moondance
is easy to find because she has a
particularly large fin on her back which
makes her easy to identify so yes
they're all very different well they
sound a fascinating group and that is the
the
section two you now have half a minute
now turn to section 3 section 3 you will
hear a student called Rob who is in the
first year of a theatre studies course
talking to another student called Mir
who's in the fourth year of the same
course first you have some time to look
now listen carefully and answer
questions 21 to 25 hi Rob how's the
course going Oh
hi Mia yeah great I can't believe the
first terms nearly over
I saw your group's performance last
night at the student theatre it was good
really yeah but now we have to write a
report on the whole thing an in-depth
analysis I don't know where to start
like I have to write about the role I
played the doctor how I developed the
character well what was your starting
point my grandfather was a doctor before
he retired and I just based it on him
okay but how did you talk to him about
it he must have all sorts of stories but
he never says much about his work even
now he has a sort of authority though so
how did you manage to capture that I'd I
visualise what he must have been like in
the past when he was sitting in his
consulting room listening to his
patients okay so that's what you
explained in your report right then
there's the issue of atmosphere so in
the first scene we needed to know how
boring life was in the doctor's village
in the 1950s so when the curtain went up
on the first scene in the waiting room
there was that long silence before
anyone spoke and then people kept saying
the same thing over and over like cold
isn't it yes and everyone wore grey and
brown and just sat in a row yes all
those details of the production hmm and
I have to analyze how I functioned in
the group what I found out about myself
I know I was so frustrated at times when
we couldn't agree yes so did one person
emerge as the leader Sofia did but that
was okay she helped us work out exactly
what to do for the production and that
made me feel better I suppose when you
understood what needed doing yes and
Sofia did some research too that was
useful in developing our approach
like what well she found these articles
from the 1950s about how relationships
between children and their parents or
between the public and people like bank
managers or the police were shifting
interesting and did you have any
practical problems to overcome well in
the final rehearsal everything was going
fine until the last scene that's where
the doctor's first patient appears on
stage on his own the one in the
wheelchair yes and he had this really
long speech with the stage all dark
except for one spotlight and then that
stuck somehow
so it was shining on the wrong side at
the stage but anyway we got that fixed
thank goodness yes it was fine on the
night before you hear the rest of the
discussion you have some time to look at
but while you're here Mia I wanted to
ask you about the year abroad option
would you recommend doing that yes
definitely it's a fantastic chance to
study in another country for a year I
think I'd like to do it but it looks
very competitive there's only a limited
number of places yes so next year when
you're in the second year of the course
you need to work really hard in all your
theater studies modules only students
with good marks get places you have to
prove that you know your subject really
well right so how did you choose where
to go well I decided I wanted a program
that would fit in with what I wanted to
do after I graduate so I looked for a
university with emphasis on acting
rather than directing for example it
depends on you then about six months
before you go you have to email the
scheme coordinator with your top three
choices and I had a friend who missed
the deadline and didn't get her first
choice so you do need to get a move on
at that stage you'll find a certain
place is a very popular with everyone
and don't you have to write a personal
statement at that stage
yes right I'll get some of the final
year students to give me some tips maybe
see if I can read what they wrote I
think that's a very good idea I don't
mind showing you what I did and while
you're abroad don't make the mistake I
made I got so involved I forgot all
about making arrangements for when I
came back here for the final year make
sure you stay in touch so they know your
choices for the optional modules you
don't want to miss out doing your
preferred specialisms
right that is the end of section 3 you
now have half a minute to check your answers
now turn to section four section four
you will hear part of a lecture about
leadership introducing a theory called
self regulatory focus Theory first you
have some time to look at questions 31
now listen carefully and answer
questions 31 to 40 today I want to talk
about self regulatory focus theory and
how the actions of leaders can affect
the way followers approach different
situations self regulatory focus theory
is a theory developed by Tory Higgins he
says that a person's focus at any given
time is to either approach pleasure or
avoid pain these are two basic
motivations that each and every one of
us has and they cause us to have
different kinds of goals promotion goals
in different life situations emphasize
achievement prevention goals are
oriented towards the avoidance of
punishment in a specific situation our
thoughts might focus more on promotion
goals or more on prevention goals the
theory suggests that two factors affect
which goals we are focusing on first
there is a chronic factor this factor is
connected to a person's personality and
says that each person has a basic
tendency to either focus more on
promotion goals or focus more on
prevention goals as part of his or her
personality second there is a
situational factor which means that the
context we are in can make us more
likely to focus on one set of goals or
the other
for example we are more likely to be
thinking about pleasure and to have
promotion goals when we are spending
time with a friend in contrast if we are
working on an important project for our
boss we are more likely to try to avoid
making mistakes and therefore
have more prevention goals in our mind
research has shown that the goals we are
focusing on at a given time affect the
way we think for example when focusing
on promotion goals people consider their
ideal self their aspirations and gains
they don't think about what they can
lose so they think in a happier mode
they feel more inspired to change when
people are focusing on prevention goals
they think about their ought self what
are they supposed to be what are people
expecting from them they consider their
obligations to others as a result they
experience more anxiety and try to avoid
situations where they could lose and now
that I have talked about the two focuses
and how they affect people I want to
look at the idea that the way leaders
behave or their style of leading can
affect the focus that followers adopt in
a specific situation in talking about
leadership we often mention
transformational leaders and
transactional leaders transformational
leaders when interacting with their
followers focus on their development in
their words and actions transformational
leaders highlight change their speech is
passionate and conveys a definitive
vision all of these things can encourage
followers to think about what could be
in other words they inspire a promotion
focus in their followers in contrast
transactional leaders focus on
developing clear structures but tell
their followers
exactly what is expected of them while
they do explain the rewards people will
get for following orders they emphasize
more how a follower will be punished or
that a follower won't get rewarded if
his or her behavior doesn't change in
short they emphasize the consequences of
making a mistake this emphasis will
clearly lead followers to focus on
avoiding punishment and problems this is
clearly a prevention focus in conclusion
it is important to understand that one
focus is not necessarily better than the
other one
for a designer who works in a field
where a lot of innovation is needed a
promotion focus is probably better
in contrast a prevention focus which
causes people to work more cautiously
and produce higher-quality work might be
very appropriate for a job like a
surgeon for example the main point of
the research though is that the actions
of leaders can greatly influence whether
people approach a situation with more of
a promotion focus or more of a
that is the end of section 4 you now
that is the end of the listening test in
the IELTS test you would now have ten
minutes to transfer your answers to the
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