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Eksklusif Bill Gates Bicara Vaksin dan Makan Bergizi Gratis | Mata Najwa | Najwa Shihab | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: Eksklusif Bill Gates Bicara Vaksin dan Makan Bergizi Gratis | Mata Najwa
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The content discusses Bill Gates's philanthropic focus on global health, particularly in Indonesia, highlighting the critical need for effective solutions to child mortality and infectious diseases, while also addressing the pervasive challenge of misinformation that hinders progress.
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People tend to believe that there’s a profit motive behind whatever Bill Gates does.
Bill Gates was once known as the richest person in the world.
His name was synonymous with computers, with Microsoft,
with the digital revolution that transformed the world.
But over the past decade or so, Gates has more often appeared in the role of a philanthropist.
His focus has shifted toward global health issues and the future of children.
One of his biggest initiatives is the forum I’m attending here in New York, Goalkeepers 2025,
a global platform launched by the Gates Foundation to help drive progress toward the **Sustainable Development Goals**,
especially those related to health.
Mata Najwa also had the exclusive opportunity to speak directly with him.
We discussed many important topics, from free nutritious meal programs
to tuberculosis vaccine trials in Indonesia.
But our conversation began with a sobering fact: for the first time in 25 years, global child mortality has risen.
In fact, humanity has made remarkable progress over the past quarter century.
Child mortality was cut in half, saving millions of lives.
Indonesia was part of that success,
through widespread vaccination and increasingly accessible healthcare services.
That’s right, infant mortality in Indonesia has dropped sharply,
but child nutrition remains a major challenge.
And now, public attention is fixed on a new policy,
a program called Free Nutritious Meals (Makan Bergizi Gratis).
It’s the most popular political promise of President Prabowo Subianto.
The MBG program is touted as a massive investment in the young generation,
with a budget reaching into the trillions.
Yet behind the enthusiasm lie many questions:
is the program’s design and implementation truly ready to ensure not just adequate nutrition,
but quality as well?
Gates’s answer was firm:
stunting can’t be solved simply by providing free meals at school.
The priority, he said, should start within the first 1,000 days,
from pregnancy until a child turns two.
And this is where the debate begins:
are our policy directions and budget allocations truly on target?
Don’t get the priorities wrong, that’s his core message.
This is part of the broader public debate over the Free Nutritious Meals program,
emphasizing that health policy isn’t just about good intentions, but about the precision of solutions.
Because malnutrition is only one piece of a much larger puzzle.
While the free meals program stirs controversy in the policy arena,
another debate is unfolding in the laboratories of science.
For the first time in more than 50 years,
the world is finally on the verge of discovering a new vaccine
for a disease that kills a million people every year,
one of the deadliest of all: tuberculosis.
Part of the clinical trials for this vaccine is taking place in Indonesia.
But, as has often been the case, this great hope
also arrives amid a wave of public suspicion.
So far, the Gates Foundation has donated more than 550 million US dollars.
It’s working with the Wellcome Trust on the development of a tuberculosis vaccine,
which is now in phase three clinical trials scheduled to run through 2025.
The Gates Foundation has been funding various TB research projects since 2004,
including an 82.9 million USD grant to the Eros Global TB Vaccine Foundation
and support for the Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative.
Indonesia itself has received a 150 million USD
grant to support research and the implementation of the vaccine’s clinical trials.
For the record, all this funding is humanitarian aid,
not a commercial investment.
The fact remains that tuberculosis is still a disease of poor countries.
More than one million people die from it each year worldwide,
134 thousand of them in Indonesia.
For many families, tuberculosis is not just a statistic
it’s a daily reality.
Earlier, during my interview with Bill Gates,
I also asked him about the TB vaccine.
The topic has been buzzing in Indonesia, when President Prabowo mentioned it,
many people were surprised to learn that our country is actually one of the trial sites.
And right away, accusations and conspiracy theories began to spread.
I specifically asked Gates about those theories.
From your perspective, Pak Budi, what do people usually misunderstand about the TB vaccine trials?
First, tuberculosis is just like COVID,
it’s an infectious disease.
And it kills 134 thousand people every year.
It’s been in Indonesia for decades.
That means every five minutes, two people die here from it.
And like COVID, all infectious diseases can only be stopped through vaccination.
That’s why a TB vaccine is so crucial.
So why hasn’t one been available all this time?
No one in wealthy nations dies from TB anymore,
so the funding has never been sufficient.
On social media, the TB issue has turned into a battlefield of accusations.
Some claim that the clinical trials are turning Indonesians into guinea pigs.
Others say the Gates Foundation is merely seeking profit through these vaccines.
Yes, that was mentioned earlier too.
But what are the common misconceptions people tend to believe,
what kind of misinformation about this issue really needs to be countered?
People often think that whatever Bill Gates does must have some hidden motive behind it.
But as you’ve interviewed him yourself, Mbak Nana,
this is someone with a net worth of nearly 200 billion dollars.
He’s trying to give it all away.
It’s unrealistic to think someone like him is still looking to profit from things like this.
All the processes are carried out under the highest standards and supervised by global regulators.
For Indonesia, participation in this research isn’t just about joining a clinical trial,
it’s also about building self-reliance.
Gates sees this and believes it must be eradicated,
because it claims a million lives around the world each year.
Indonesia has around 143 thousand TB deaths, while globally the number reaches one million.
That means two people die every minute.
And Indonesia ranks second in the world, after India.
That’s why Gates says vaccination efforts must be pushed forward.
Previously, Indonesia wasn’t included in phase three of the trials.
But if we take part, we can determine whether the vaccine actually matches the TB strains circulating here.
Second, we can access it earlier and at a lower cost.
I also lobbied for it, and in the end, production was made possible at Bio Farma.
Now Gates has visited Bio Farma to begin producing the TB vaccine there.
Not all threats come from viruses.
These days, danger also spreads through this screen,
through misleading messages and conspiracy theories that travel faster than verified facts.
I attended a closed-door discussion in New York with Mark Zussman,
CEO of the Gates Foundation.
For him, misinformation is one of the greatest global health risks of our time.
Especially when his name is associated with Bill Gates,
the man behind GAVI.
People ask, what’s his real motive? He’s a tech guy,
so why is he involved in vaccines?
Does it have something to do with the human body?
Is he trying to put technology or software into people,
just looking for a way in?
That’s how conspiracy theories work.
They can sound plausible at first glance,
but they can never be proven.
People say Indonesia is being used as a testing ground.
They claim vaccine rollouts have caused spikes in autism rates.
That the TB vaccine will be spread through the air.
That vaccines are designed to control population growth.
And so on.
This phenomenon isn’t unique to Indonesia.
Research in Nigeria and South Africa
shows that anti-vaccine groups often take fragments of statements from global figures,
twist them, and build new narratives,
about depopulation, Western domination, or fear of foreign philanthropic institutions.
Especially when these narratives tap into historical trauma, from colonialism to economic inequality.
From Jakarta to Johannesburg, from New York to Nairobi,
the challenge is the same:
restoring public trust in science and humanity.
Because conspiracy theories and unchecked suspicion
can claim more lives than the diseases themselves.
There’s another fact that few realize:
behind the rapid progress in medicine, artificial intelligence, and health innovation,
funding support has actually slowed down.
Yet it would take less than 1% of wealthy nations’ budgets
to save millions of lives.
Philanthropy cannot sustain the world forever
— not even Indonesia.
For decades, we’ve been recipients of global health aid.
Now it’s time for this country to learn to stand on its own,
to build a system that is independent and sustainable.
Especially because independence is not merely a choice, but a sign of maturity.
Mbak Nana has children. If you keep giving your child money until they’re 30 or 40,
you’re not really raising them to be independent.
You have to give them responsibility — say, your parents will support you until 25,
after that you have to earn your own way.
I often say the same thing about many developing countries
— they keep asking for grants.
That mindset has to stop. We need to have our own financial and health plans for the future.
Just like Indonesia today…
So what’s our plan?
Now we’ve started borrowing…
But we really do have to borrow, right?
We don’t have the money ourselves?
There are stages to it.
I’d say if a country is still as poor as some in Africa, then fine,
you can pity them
But once the country starts moving forward, becoming more developed, it should shift to a mix — part grants, part free aid, and part loans.
Where are we right now? What percentage are we at?
Right now, our grants amount to around 1 billion dollars every three years.
Our borrowing is already around 4 to 5 billion dollars.
The goal is that eventually the grants will decrease, and we’ll rely more on loans while contributing our own funds —
about 30 to 40 percent.
Right now, we do have some of our own money; I have around 4 billion dollars from our own budget.
But the amount we borrow is still equal to what we fund ourselves
— 4 billion from the budget, 4 billion in loans, and 1 billion in grants. Maybe later, as we become a more advanced country, we’ll rely mainly on borrowing.
And if you ask why we have to borrow
— it’s because we’re talking about saving lives. We could avoid borrowing, but then it would take ten years to make the vaccine.
If we borrow, it can be done in two. Otherwise, people will die first. That’s why we have to borrow
— because we can’t afford to wait.
Yes, with Bill Gates, the relationship is very positive. He has shown great concern for Indonesia.
His assistance has been tremendous.
The Minister of Health said the direct support alone amounts to around 7 to 8 trillion rupiah.
But in broader terms, the overall impact is roughly 4 to 5 billion dollars,
funding for research, developing the best seeds, medicines, and vaccines.
Because of those contributions, I decided to award him an honorary distinction.
Indonesia is no longer just a recipient of aid.
We’re now recognized as a producer of global solutions.
For example, Bio Farma’s polio vaccine is used by 900 million people in 42 countries.
Or the banana research that could help save Africa.
When we talk about mortality rates, we often say, at least the numbers have gone down.
But even a decrease, or almost is never enough.
Because for a mother, losing one child means losing her whole world.
And that means there are still thousands of children who never get to grow up,
never get to go to school, never get to experience the world we so often take pride in.
From New York to villages across distant continents,
the message is the same: the future is decided today.
It is built on our courage to protect them, to let them grow up with dignity,
safe from diseases that should have been prevented,
from vaccines that never reached them, and from stories that mislead.
This is not an issue of one or two nations; it’s a call to make sure every good intention truly takes shape.
So that when the world speaks of progress, it’s not just about one foot moving ahead,
but about ensuring no foot is left too far behind.
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