This content demonstrates how to leverage ChatGPT for qualitative data analysis, specifically guiding users through summarizing transcripts, generating initial codes, and developing themes based on research questions.
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Hi everyone.
I'm going to show you how to analyze
qualitative data using ChatGPT.
Imagine you have interviewed
participants, you are gotten all the
information that you need and you
want to make sense of the information.
What do you have to do?
You could use chart G P T to
make sense of your data, and I'm
going to show you the process.
I'm going to show you how to
summarize your qualitative data,
how to do the summary based on your
research question that you have,
how to generate initial codes.
And also lastly, I will be
showing you how to develop themes.
So these are the four things
that you're going to learn about.
If you have any question, feel free
to put in the comments section.
I'll be happy to address them for you.
Summarizing your qualitative data.
Sometimes you need to do the summer
just to get a big picture of what
the data is telling you and ChatGPT
can help you to do the summary.
Imagine you have interviewed
participants who are Primary healthcare
physicians - collecting data from them.
They are five, this is one of the data.
You collected the demographic
information and also questions about
the experience of burnout, the causes
and also the solutions of burnout.
So I have five of these documents,
see participant one to five.
I have already analyzed the data
using qualitative software NVivo.
NVivo is a software that you
can use to analyze your data.
So as, you can see here I have
my research question here and
the codes that I've developed.
For the first research question
and the second research
question, I have all the here.
As we are going through the process,
I'll be comparing what ChatGPT will be
giving me to the data I have analyzed.
And see whether there's a relationship
or differences between them.
Can ChatGPT give me similar results?
That's what I want to find out.
So first of all, what you have
to do is to do the summary.
We are going to copy all the data.
So I think they are about one
page for each of the transcripts.
So we're gonna have about five pages.
So you're gonna copy all of
them and put it in ChatGPT.
One thing that you have to notice, that
ChatGPT can only take about 3000 words.
If you put more than 3000 words
there, the system will tell you that
it's too much for it to process.
But there's a way out.
One thing that you could do is that you
can send that information in chunks.
You can send maybe first 3000
words, second can 3000 words.
Then after that, you tell ChatGPT to
review all the information that you have
sent, and then, develop a summary for you.
But this one I just want to show you
how to summarize our data using ChatGPT.
So let's see.
So now that we have our data, we
are going to go to ChatGPT and copy
and paste that information there
and see what we are going to get.
Don't forget to subscribe
to my YouTube channel.
Trying to make sure that I give you all
the information that you need to be a
very good qualitative researcher, in
terms of doing your research and analyzing
your data and presenting your findings.
So follow my channel and I'll be happy to
also address any questions that you have.
I have ChatGPT plus.
So I have the two versions.
If you have the free version,
you have only GPT 3.5.
So we are going to use the GPT 3.5.
So let's start.
First, what I would do
is to put in the prompt.
The PowerPoint has all the
prompts there for you to practice.
So this is the prompt.
Summarize the transcript
in thousand words.
You can put in a different way.
You can say, summarize the
transcript below in thousand words.
So the thousand words could be
about two pages or so, right?
You can say 500 words,
you can say 200 words.
But I like thousand words because
it gives you a lot of information
that you could get a big picture
of the data that you have.
So now that I've finished writing this
one, I'm going to copy and paste all
the information from the transcript.
Let me copy here.
This is the first one I paste here.
And if you click on
enter everything you go.
So don't click on enter yet.
Copy and paste everything first.
I'm looking for the second transcript.
Let me open the second transcript
and then copy and paste.
Normally, I use this form of summarizing
to help me to better understand,
what exactly the data is all about.
So let's say if you want to get initial
understanding of the data, this is
the good practice for you to do.
So now that I've copied everything.
The next step is to click this one or
just press or enter on the keyboard.
So you see here that the system
has summarized everything for you,
and it's about maybe a thousand
words I haven't checked yet.
I can copy and put it on a Word
document to count the words.
But as you can see here, the system
have provided you information
about the first interviewee.
And the second participant,
the third participant, fourth
participant, and fifth.
It has summarized each of
the transcripts for you.
I think that's very good information
because now you have a brief information
about each of the participants.
So I like this one.
You get an understanding of
each of them before even you
go into the data and analyze.
You don't have to use chatGPT
to fully analyze your data.
You can use it now like what I'm doing,
to just summarize and learn about the
data before you go through line-by-line
and manually develop codes to address
your research question that you have.
So you can use it and at the
same time doing the manual
coding or using the software.
So now it's good you have brief
information about each of the participants
and instead of you going through all
the transcripts and learn about them.
At the beginning of the stage of
your data analysis, having this
one will be very helpful for you.
This kind of summary we call it
general summary because we didn't ask
ChatGPT to address a question for you.
You ask it to just summarize.
Imagine that you have a research
question and you go back to ChatGPT
to review the transcripts and address
the research question that you have.
So that's what we're gonna
do for the second step.
This is the prompt that
we are going to use.
Summarize the transcript based
on the research question.
What are the causes of burnout
among primary healthcare physicians?
So let's try and see
what we are going to get.
We put the prompt here, and let's see.
So we can see here that, ChatGPT
has provided a summary addressing
the research question that we have.
So you can see here that they talk about
heavy workload categorized by long hours,
numerous clinical and administrative task.
So you can see here that the system
has provided some of the information
about the causes of burnout.
This one is also talks about
lack of work-life balance.
It is also mentioned a coping
mechanism, but that's not our focus.
Our focus is more about
the causes of burnout.
It said overall, the causes of burnout
among primary healthcare physicians
identify in the transcript include heavy
workload, administrative burnout, lack
of work life balance, high expectations...
that's very excellent.
Right?
So ChatGPT is very good in terms
of summarizing your data and
addressing your research question.
You see that there's some
similarities between the summary
ChatGPT has given us and also what.
I analyzed.
Trouble carrying out duties, having
long hours, less time for themselves
and family, no work family balance.
I think that you see the summary
covers almost everything that I coded.
These are initial codes that I did
right when I was coding the data.
So you see how.
You could even use as a way of validating
the code that you have created, right?
So you can analyze the data and use
ChatGPT to get a summary, addressing
the research question and then
you can compare what you found.
I can see that there's a lot of
similarities between what I did
and also what ChatGPT gave me.
Another thing that we can do is that
after you have done the summary,
addressing the research question,
let's go into developing codes.
This is where it is going be very
interesting because I'll be comparing
the calls that I'm going to get with
what ChatGPT is going to give me.
Another prompt that we can use
is review the transcript to
identify relevant excerpts that
address the research question.
What are the causes of burnout
among primary healthcare physicians?
Generate phrases, or codes that best
represent the excerpts Identified.
Each code should be
between two to five words.
You know.
This one we call it
structured prompting, right?
Structured prompting is where you
give, the system adequate information
for you to get what you want.
You tell the system to look
at the transcript, right?
So every answer that the system is
going to give you should be based on
the transcript that you have provided.
Then you tell the system that
address this question for me, and
you ask the system to develop codes
addressing this research question.
Also you want the code to be
in between two to five words.
So you see how you're provided a
lot of information for ChatGPT to
get the information that you need.
So let's try and see
what you're going to get.
So we copy this one and paste it into
ChatGPT and see what you are going to get.
This is interesting.
This is what a ChatGPT has given you.
It extracted accepts from the
transcript and also developed codes.
So you see how interesting it is?
ChatGPT goes through the data extracts
significant information that can address
the research question and develops
codes for you and see all these codes.
We have a lot of codes here.
We have about 20 codes.
Another thing that we have to really look
into is that we have to verify whether the
significant information that the system
has given us is truly from the transcript.
Sometimes ChatGPT can make things up.
You look here, ChatGPT may
provide inaccurate information
about people, places or facts.
So you have to be very careful.
Don't over depend on the output.
You always have to verify.
So one way of verifying is going
back to your transcript and
see whether the significant
information were truly from the data.
It's not like the system made it up.
So, let's see whether I can
find this one from the data.
So the first participant,
oh, it looks like it's here.
You see, long hours, numerous
clinical and administrative tasks.
So this shows that ChatGPT
directly extracted that
information from the transcript.
Let's try the second one, a lack
of balance with work and home life.
Oh, I think it's here.
You see a lack of balance
with work and home life.
So just checking too.
I think I now have confidence
in the significant information
the system has extracted.
So, you always have to check because
you don't want to just take this
information and start presenting it
to your audience without checking.
So another thing that we can also check
is the code that ChatGPT provided.
Let's try to compare it with what I did.
Although my codes are a little
bit different in terms of the
construction, they are quite similar.
Work life balance.
I have something like
no work family balance.
So there are some similarities
concerning what I developed
and also the system developed.
So I think that it looks like
ChatGPT is doing a great job
concerning making sense of data,
so you see how you can work hand in
hand with ChatGPT, especially when
you reach a stage where you're having
difficulty coming up with a code, right?
So you can use ChatGPT first to generate
codes, and then you use the codes to
go through the data that you have.
So it helps you with the beginning
to start the coding process.
So that's what I would use if I
were to analyze my qualitative data.
So now that we have been successful
developing codes, let's go ahead
and do something interesting.
What we could do to follow a systematic
process is to ask ask system to
review the codes and generate
themes out of the codes, right?
Or another option is to.
ask system to use the summary to
generate themes to help you to
address your research question.
I'm thinking that if you feel satisfied
with the initial code s ChatGPT has
given you, then you can go ahead and ask
ChatGPT to categorize the codes for you
so that it can develop themes for you.
I'm fully satisfied with
what ChatGPT has given me.
So what we are going to do is that
we are going ask ChatGPT to generate
themes, addressing the research
question based on these codes.
So we can say, can you categorize
the codes and generate themes
addressing the research question.
Let me paste the research question here.
Addressing the research question,
what are the cause of burnout among
primary healthcare physicians?
And I said each themes should
be in between two to five words.
Okay, so let's see what
the system will give us.
Okay, so we have seven themes, right?
As you can see here,
workload and time pressure.
And we have these under
workload and time pressure.
And then we go to work life imbalance,
and we have all these codes.
So what you could do is after you have
gotten this one, you can review the codes.
Because at the end of the day, you also
have to give a human touch to it, right?
So if the system gives you
this one, don't run with it.
Always verify, examine, question the
results, and make sure that the codes
that are under each of the themes
are supposed to be there, right?
So you see how easy the process is.
We started with a summary and then
we went to initial codes, and now
we have asked system to categorize
the codes for us to develop themes.
And also you can ask the system to
put the results in the table form.
So you can say, can you put this
recent output in a table form.
Let's see what this, see, nicely.
The system has put
everything in a table form.
You see how amazing ChatGPT is?
Putting everything in
the table form for you.
Let's ask another question.
It's gonna be very interesting.
It's getting interesting.
Can you add a third column
to the table and the column.
The new column should have excerpts from
the transcript supporting the themes.
Let's see what we're gonna get.
Wow.
You see how, it's interesting that
now you have the theme you have codes,
you have excerpts from the transcript,
but remember, always check whether the
excerpts are truly from the transcript.
So it's very important for you to check.
You finish your analysis.
Amazing work, what you
can do with ChatGPT.
You can use it, especially when
you have a huge amount of data.
You don't have time and
resources to analyze all the
data or analyze everything.
So you can use our gpt as a way of
getting your codes, your themes and
excerpts, and presenting your findings.
Amazing.
I hope this one was so helpful.
If you have any question, feel free to
put Your question in a comment section,
I'll be happy to address them for you.
And I hope this one was so helpful.
If you want me to come and speak to your
organization about ChatGPT and doing
research, I'll be happy to do that.
Email me and I'll be happy to respond
to your email and if you want a
consultation, if you want to learn
how to use ChatGPT to analyze your
qualitative data, I'm there to help.
Enjoy the rest of your day.
Thank you so much for your time.
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