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TOEFL LECTURE Listening Practice Legal Systems | Tutor Nadeen | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: TOEFL LECTURE Listening Practice Legal Systems
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Video Summary
Summary
Core Theme
This lecture explores the diverse landscape of global legal systems, highlighting how cultural values, historical development, and globalization shape their distinct characteristics and influence international relations.
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prepare for the TOEFL listening section
with this sample lecture on the cultural
differences in legal systems
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today we will be examining the cultural
disparities in legal systems across the
globe a variety of legal systems exist
each with its own distinct history and
cultural significance let's start by
looking at civil law which is a legal
system founded on a collection of
written laws or codes
in civil law systems judges rely on
these written laws to make decisions
these systems are widespread in
Continental Europe and Latin America and
are rooted in the Roman law tradition
specifically the code of Justinian
moving on we have common law a legal
system that relies on judicial decisions
rather than written laws
common law systems are prevalent in the
United States United Kingdom and other
countries with a history of British colonialism
colonialism
originating in England common law
developed over time as judges
interpreted the law
historical events such as the Magna
Carta and the English Bill of Rights
influenced its formation
lastly religious law as the name
suggests is a legal system based on
religious texts and teachings it has
been shaped by the historical
development of religion within each
culture many Islamic countries employ
this type of legal system which draws
from the Quran and the teachings of the
Prophet Muhammad additionally Jewish law
and Hindu law are examples of religious
legal systems Beyond these primary legal
systems there are numerous variations
and hybrids found worldwide some
countries legal systems are influenced
by both religious and civil law While
others blend civil law with common law
understanding the historical and
cultural significance of each legal
system is crucial in comprehending its
role in modern society
cultural values and Norms play a
significant role in shaping how legal
systems function and address legal matters
matters
in certain societies collectivism and
Community Values May outweigh individual
rights while in others individual rights
take precedence
for instance civil law systems tend to
prioritize personal freedom and
individual rights whereas religious
legal systems May prioritize religious
values and principles moreover
differences between legal systems can
impact international law and diplomacy
international law consists of rules and
principles governing relations between nations
nations
it is vital to consider the diverse
legal systems of different nations When
developing international law as these
distinctions can influence how Nations
approach legal and diplomatic matters
before concluding this lecture let's
briefly touch on the impact of
globalization on legal systems worldwide
with the increasing interconnectedness
of our world legal systems are becoming
more intertwined many countries are
adopting International treaties and
conventions that establish shared
standards for legal systems globally
however while globalization has fostered
some level of standardization it is also
emphasized the differences and
challenges among legal systems
different countries may have varying
approaches to issues such as human
rights intellectual property and
one which legal system is based on a set
2. in which regions are civil law
3. which legal system is based on
judicial decisions rather than written laws
4. which historical events influenced
5. what impact does cultural values and
6. how does globalization impact legal
today we will be examining the cultural
disparities in legal systems across the
globe a variety of legal systems exist
each with its own distinct history and
cultural significance let's start by
looking at civil law which is a legal
system founded on a collection of
written laws or codes
in civil law systems judges rely on
these written laws to make decisions
these systems are widespread in
Continental Europe and Latin America and
are rooted in the Roman law tradition
specifically the code of Justinian
moving on we have common law a legal
system that relies on judicial decisions
rather than written laws
common law systems are prevalent in the
United States United Kingdom and other
countries with a history of British colonialism
colonialism
originating in England common law
developed over time as judges
interpreted the law
historical events such as the Magna
Carta and the English Bill of Rights
influenced its formation
lastly religious law as the name
suggests is a legal system based on
religious texts and teachings it has
been shaped by the historical
development of religion within each
culture many Islamic countries employ
this type of legal system which draws
from the Quran and the teachings of the
Prophet Muhammad additionally Jewish law
and Hindu law are examples of religious
legal systems Beyond these primary legal
systems there are numerous variations
and hybrids found worldwide some
countries legal systems are influenced
by both religious and civil law While
others blend civil law with common law
understanding the historical and
cultural significance of each legal
system is crucial in comprehending its
role in modern society
cultural values and Norms play a
significant role in shaping how legal
systems function and address legal matters
matters
in certain societies collectivism and
Community Values May outweigh individual
rights while in others individual rights
take precedence
for instance civil law systems tend to
prioritize personal freedom and
individual rights whereas religious
legal systems May prioritize religious
values and principles moreover
differences between legal systems can
impact international law and diplomacy
international law consists of rules and
principles governing relations between
nations it is vital to consider the
diverse legal systems of different
nations When developing international
law as these distinctions can influence
how Nations approach legal and
diplomatic matters
before concluding this lecture let's
briefly touch on the impact of
globalization on legal systems worldwide
with the increasing interconnectedness
of our world legal systems are becoming
more intertwined
many countries are adopting
International treaties and conventions
that establish shared standards for
legal systems globally
however while globalization has fostered
some level of standardization it is also
emphasized the differences and
challenges among legal systems
different countries may have varying
approaches to issues such as human
rights intellectual property and
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