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Acoustic neuroma (Year of the Zebra 2024) | Osmosis from Elsevier | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: Acoustic neuroma (Year of the Zebra 2024)
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[Music]
acoustic neuroma also known as
vestibular schwannoma is a benign tumor
arising from Schwan cells the cells
responsible for producing the myelin
sheath that insulates nerve
fibers schwannomas can develop along any
nerve in the body but they have a
predisposition for the eighth cranial
nerve also called the vestibular clear
nerve which sends sensory information
about hearing in balance from the inner
ear to to the [Music]
[Music]
brain the cause of acoustic neuroma
isn't clear however a small number are
related to a condition called
neurofibromatosis type 2 which causes a
mutation that allows Schwan cells to
uncontrollably the most common symptoms
of acoustic neuromas are tinitus or a
ringing sound in the ears and gradual
hearing loss on one side for individuals
with neuro fibrom is Type 2 acoustic
neuromas typically occur bilaterally so
individuals tend to have hearing
problems in both ears peripheral vertigo
often described as a sense of imbalance
or unsteadiness can also occur and it
onset this is because acoustic neuromas
grow slowly so the central nervous
system has time to compensate for the
loss of balance function making the
symptom very subtle as a result
individuals are more likely to notice
symptoms like hearing loss and idus
earlier than
vertigo acoustic neuromas don't
typically spread to other tissues but if
they grow large enough they can compress
nearby structures particularly the
paralysis diagnosis of acoustic neuroma
is suspected in individuals with tenius
one-sided sensory neural hearing loss
and peripheral vertigo follow-up
evaluation may include assessment by an
ENT specialist who may order hearing
tests and other specific exams to assess
the Integrity of the vestibulo cocar
nerve confirmation of the diagnosis is
usually made via a CT or MRI scan of the
brain which allows the detection of
tumors because of its strong Association
individuals with bilateral acoustic
neuromas may be recommended genetic
testing to check for neurofibromatosis type
2 treatment of acoustic neuromas varies
depending on the size and growth rate of
the tumor as well as the individual's
preferences most acoustic neuromas
remain stable or grow slowly over
several years so monitoring can be an
appropriate option for older individuals
tumors larger tumors or those causing
significant and symptoms may need to be
surgically removed a team of
neurosurgeons and ENT specialists may
decide to approach the tumor from behind
the ear above the ear or through the ear
with the main risk of surgery being
hearing loss and damage to the facial
nerve as an alternative to surgery some
tumors can be treated with radiation
therapy which doesn't remove the tumor
entirely but can be effective at
stopping its
growth additionally individuals with
hearing problems May benefit from
hearing aids or other assistive devices
like a clear implant finally to help
with balance and coordination issues
vestibular rehabilitation may be needed
especially after surgery or radiation
therapy all right as a quick recap
acoustic neuroma is a benign slow
growing tumor that develops on the
cranial nerve responsible for hearing
imbalance causing symptoms like tinitus
hearing loss and and
vertigo diagnosis is usually made via a
CT or MRI scan and treatment involves
surgical removal of the tumor radiation
therapy or watchful observation
depending on the size and growth rate of
helping current and future clinicians
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