This content provides a comprehensive introduction to Linux operating systems, focusing on essential commands and tools crucial for DevOps practices, and concludes with an overview of Git commands for version control.
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operating systems worldwide then we will
talk about a few basic commands in Linux
and then we will discuss the most
frequently used commands while working
in DevOps we will also cover a bit of
shell scripting that is the basic part
and finally we will end this session by
discussing about gate commands I hope I
am clear with the agenda guys just a
reminder in case you have not yet
subscribe to our YouTube channel please
do subscribe and also click on the bell
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a breaker so let's not waste any time
and straight away start with our first
topic that is what is Linux
okay so leanness is an open source and a
community developed operating systems
for computers servers mainframes mobile
devices and embedded devices it is
supported on almost every major computer
platform including x86 erm etcetera
making it one of the most widely
supported operating systems Linux was
designed to be similar to Unix but has
evolved to run on a wide variety of
hardware from phones to supercomputers
every Linux based OS involves the Linux
kernel which manages the hardware
resources and a set of software packages
that make up the rest of the operating
system the OS includes some common core
components like the GNU tools among
others these tools give the user a way
to manage the resources provided by the
kernel install additional software
configure performance and security
settings and so on all of these tools
bundled together make up the functional
OS because Linux is an open source OS
combinations of software can vary
between Linux distributions so this was
about the Linux OS in a nutshell the
next part of our discussion is why Linux
is one of the most preferred operating
systems worldwide elix is different from
other operating systems in many
important aspects first and perhaps most
importantly Linux is free you do not
have to pay any amount to download and
use it unlike Windows Linux is an open
source software the code used to create
Linux is free and available to the public
public
to view/edit and for the users with
appropriate skills to contribute to once
you have Linux installed on your system
you no longer need an anti-virus
is a highly secure system moreover there
is a global development community
constantly looking at ways to enhance
its security with each upgrade the OS
becomes more secure and robust Linux
provides high stability that is it does
not need to be rebooted after a short
period of time your Linux system rarely
slows down or freezes as in Windows you
need to reboot your system after
installing or uninstalling an
application or updating your software
but this is not the case with Linux you
can work without any disturbance on your
Linux systems Linux provides high
performance on various networks and
workstations it allows a large number of
users to work simultaneously and handles
them efficiently so these were a few
advantages of using Linux operating
system ok so moving on to the next topic
first we will have a look at the Linux
commands that are very basic like even
if you are not working in DevOps if you
have someone who's using the Linux based
operating system you must be knowing
these commands these are the frequently
used commands like while you're working
in DevOps
ok I'm just showing you the list then we
will practically see how to use these
commands on the command prompt so these
are the few commands I've tried to
covered maximum number of commands so
that you're comfortable working with
DevOps so now let us try to execute
these commands in an Linux based system
so in my system I have installed Ubuntu
operating system so let us start with
the basic commands in Linux so the first
command that you must know is the man
command man stands for manual like if
you want to know about any command in
Linux you can just type man space the
name of the command say for example you
have to know about LS say for example
just type man space LS so LS is a
command we'll talk about it later so
just press Enter ok so here it shows the
name of the command its syntax and
the description like if you want to know
what it is and what it does so you can
use man command for it so the next
command that you should know is the
clear command if you want to clear your
terminal just type clear and press Enter
so this clears your terminal so the next
command that you must know is say for
example if you want to know where is
your current working directory for that
there is a command called PWD that is
present working directory simply type
PWD and press Enter
okay so here it says home at Eureka so
this is my current working directory and
if you want to change your directory for
that there's a command called CD that is
changed directory suppose from homemade
Eureka you have to switch your working
directory to home so simply type home ok
so if I now type PWD it says home so
this was another basic command so the
next command is echo command say if you
want to type anything like if you want
to print anything on the terminal so you
can use echo command for that say for
example echo hello world so I have to
print these two words on the terminal
for that I'll use the echo command okay
so it says hello world pretty simple so
the next command is su command let's see
first who is the current user for that
there's one more command called Who am I
ok so here it says I do Rekha so Eddy
Rekha is the current user of this system
the Linux system so if you want to
switch to the root user who has all the
permissions as of now the Eddy Rekha is
not a super user he doesn't have any
permissions related to file operations
or any other operations so root is a
user the basic user he has all the
permissions on this Linux OS so if you
want to switch to the root user simply
type su press Enter it'll ask for a
password type the password
so here it says authentication failure
okay
so before it was a dirac I here and now
it is root here so if I type Who am I so
here it says root okay so in case if
this doesn't work
su does not work for any reason so you
can use this command called pseudo bash
so it switches to the root user and if
you want to switch back to Ed Eureka
simply type su and the username
okay so you're back to the idea wrecker
user okay
these are very basic commands Rhys but
you must be knowing this so the next
command is the sudo command
so sudo command is for user who doesn't
have a proper permissions or privileges
for executing some commands or
operations so in that case you have to
use sudo command
so say for example adding a user
deleting a user adding a group and many
other commands that we will see in the
upcoming commands so I'll just give you
a few examples here of sudo for example
you have to add a user so adding a user
deleting a user that is mostly done by
the root user so he has all the
permissions to add a user and all so say
for example if you have to add a user so
the command for that is sudo user add
and the name of the user
say for example Arvind
oh it says that wind already exists so
type Arvin 1 1 so it has created a user
and say for example if you have to add a
password to this user so the command for
password that you need to set you can
type whatever you want retype it
so it has created a user and it has also
added a password for that user so say
for example you have to delete this user
so the command for that is sudo user
delete user de el Andy user name more
okay so the user has been deleted say
for example you have to add a group a
group can have multiple users okay so
you have to add a group to this system
so the command for that is sudo group
add and the group name so you can say
the group name as techies okay so the
group has been added similarly if you
want to remove this group
pseudo group de l and the group name
okay pretty simple so let me just clear
my terminal so the next command that we
are going to talk about is the touch
command so the test command is used to
create any file on your system say for
example I have to create a file a text
file you can give whatever name a b c c
b8 or txt
oh it says permission denied okay so
here we are going to use the command
sudo so it has created a file called cba
dot txt and how can we see that simply
type LS can you see your big file that
we have just created the cba dot txt so
this is the use of the touch command to
create a file so the next command that
we are going to talk about is the text
editor command say for example VI nano
VI MGA date and so on so the VI editor
is the most popular and a classic text
editor in a linux family so to use it
say for example you have to write
something into that file so for that
purpose you will use sudo VI in the name
of the file cba dot txt okay so press
Enter the file has been opened now and
press I to insert anything into this say
for example hi this is Eureka
so to save this file simply press escape
: W for write and Q to quit so our file
has been saved so there's one more
command called cat command so this
command can read modify or concatenate
text files so this command is also used
to display the contents of the file so
say for example I have written something
into this file called CBA dot txt now I
have to display the contents of this
file so what I'll do is cat and finally
CB hit dot txt so here this was the line
that I had written in this file CB dot
txt so the cat command can be used for
that so there are also other flags that
can be used with this command say for
example - B so the command would be cat
- B and the file name
so this is used to add line numbers to
the non blank lines so the next flag is
- n that is cat - n' so this command is
used to add line numbers to all the
lines that are present in the file cat -
s is used to squeeze blank lines into
one lines and cat - capital e it shows
the dollar sign at the end of the line
so these were a few flags that you can
use with cat command so let me just
clear the terminal so the next command
that we are going to talk about is the
copy command this command is used to
copy files and directories a copy of the
file directory still remains in the
working directory so let me just show
you how do you use this command so it is
very simple copy so say for example cba
dot txt have to copy this file to the
location say for example home at Eureka
right now we are at the home location
have to copy this file to this location
home in Eureka ok so the command is very
simple CP filename and the destination
name so press Enter so let us now see
whether the file has been copied there
so for that we'll have to switch to that location
CD ed Eureka
so let us use the LS command okay so
here you can see the cba dot txt file
has been copied so this was a very
simple command and there are a few flags
that you can use along with this command
so there's a flat called
- n that is CP - N and the file name so
this does not overwrite the file the
next flat is the - you that is CP - u so
this command updates the destination
file only when the source file is
different from the destination file
there's one more flat called - capital R
that is CP - capital R so this command
is a recursive copy for copying
directories and this command even copies
the hidden files so these were a few
flags that you can use with the copy
command so the next command is the move
command or the MV command so this
command moves the files and the
directories from one directory to the
another the file or the directory once
moved is deleted from the working
directory so this was not the case with
the copy command so I hope you get the
difference between copy and move so let
us see what is the syntax for this so
the syntax is MV the flag name like if
there are any Flags here the file name
and the destination name ok the path to
the destination so let us just say first
we'll have a look at the files that are
present here ok so demo dot txt
can you see this for you so we'll try to
move this file to the home folder so the
command is very simple MV the file name
demo dot txt it says permission denied
file has been moved let us now verify
so we are here at the home folder simply
use LS command so as you can see here
demo dot txt has been moved so this was
a very simple command and easy to use
command there are three flags that are
associated with this command M V - I so
this command enters into an interactive
mode and the command line asks before
overwriting the files so the command M V
- new updates the destination file only
when the source file is different from
the destination file and the third flag
is the MV - B so this add command enters
the verbose mode and this command prints
the source and the destination file so
for those who are not aware of what were
both mode is so verbose mode provides
additional details as to what drivers
and software it is loading during the
startup so this was all about the move
command so the next command that we are
going to talk about is the RM command so
this command removes files from a
directory by before the RM command does
not remove directories once remove the
contents of the file cannot be recovered
so the syntax for this is very simple RM
the flag flag name and the file name
this is a very simple command and easy
to use command so I'll just show you how
to use this say for example I have to
remove this file demo dot txt so simply
I'll type RM and the file demo dot txt
so the file has been removed and let us
just verify this okay so we cannot see
anywhere the demo dot txt file so it has
been removed so this was a very simple
command RM so there are two flats that
can be used along with this command the
first flag is the RM - R so this command
removes even the non empty directories
and the other flag is RM - RP so this
command removes the non empty
directories including the parents and
the subdirectories so this was the RM
command so the next command that we are
going to talk about is the mkdir command
so if you want to create a new directory
then this command can be used it's a
very simple card and the syntax is even
more simple so if you have to create a
directory simply type mkdir and the
directory name so say for example in
home I have to create a directory called
has been created let us just verify this
so as you can see here this directory
has been created here at this location
the home folder so the flag that can be
used with this command is - P that is
mkdir - P so this command creates both a
parent directory and a sub directory and
if you want to create multiple files
into a directory you can use the command
mkdir - P and the filenames so this
command will create multiple
subdirectories inside the new parent
directory so let me just clear the
terminal the next command is the rmdir
command or the remove directory command
so this command is used to remove a
specified directory although by default
it can remove only an empty directory
there are flags which can be deployed to
delete the non-empty directories as well
and the syntax for this command is very
simple simply type rmdir the flag name
and the directory name okay so very
simple let us just see how do you remove
a directory rmdir so let us just remove
the directory that we created in the
previous command rmdir and the name was techies
Sulu rmdir techies okay so the directory
has been removed let's just verify this
so there's no directory called tech
easier as it has been removed by the
rmdir command so there are a couple of
flags that you can use with this command
the first flag is - P that is rmdir - P
so this command removes both the parent
and the child directory there's one more
flag called - P V so the command is
rmdir - P V so this command removes all
the parent and the subdirectories along
with the verbose so I hope you're clear
with this command rmdir so the next
command that we are going to discuss is
the grep command so this command is used
to search for a particular string or a
word in a text file so this command is
similar to control F but this is
executed by our command line so let me
just show you how do you use this
command so let us say for example let me
have a text failure so the syntax for
using this command is very simple so say
for example we have a file here called
gap test as you can see here this one so
let me just see the contents of this
file using cat command
okay test dot txt so this file has these
words dog Apple ball Cat Cat Mouse so
say for example I have to search the
word cat in this file so for that I will
use the command grip the word cat and
the file name great test dot txt ok so
as you can see here the word cat has
been highlighted just because it is
present in this file so say for example
we want to search for a word that is not
present here so say for example cat one
or any other word so say for example mad
okay so it is not showing anything that
means that this word is not present in
this file so this was a very simple
command grip and there are a few flags
that you can use with this command so
say for example grip - I
and obviously the file name so this
command will return the results for
case-insensitive strings so there's one
more flag called a - n that is grape - n
so this command returns the matching
strings along with their line numbers
the next flag is the graph - V so this
command returns the results of lines not
matching the search string next flag is
grape - C so this command returns the
number of lines in which the results
so the next command that we are going to
talk about is the sort command so this
command sorts the results of a search
either alphabetically or numerically
files file contents and directories can
be sorted using this command the syntax
for this command is very simple let me
just see the files that are present here
so there's a file called soar test so
let me just see the contents of this
file so on test dot txt okay these are
the words that are present in this file
so I have to just sort these words okay
so the command for that is sort the file
name sort test dot txt so as you can see
here these words have been sorted
alphabetically B D F M s and T so this
is the use of sort command and there are
a few flags that you can use with this
command like the first flag is sort - R
and the file name obviously so this
command returns the results in reverse
order so this one more flag called - F
so this command does the
case-insensitive sorting so whether you
have uppercase words or alphabets or
whatever in your file so irrespective of
the case this command will sort the file
and this one more flag call sort - n so
this command returns the results as per
the numerical order so say for example
you have numbers in this file and if you
want to sort them numerically like
ascending order that can be done using
the command - in so this was pretty much
about the sort command so let me just
so the next command that we are going to
talk about is the CH own command so
different uses in the OS have ownerships
and the permissions to ensure that the
files are secure and put restrictions on
who can modify the contents of the file
in Linux there are different users who
can use the system so each user has some
properties associated with them
such as the user ID and a home directory
we can add users into a group to make
the process of managing the users easier
a group can have 0 or more users a
specified user can be associated with a
default group it can also be a member of
other groups on the systems as well so
if you talk about the ownership and the
permissions so to protect and secure the
files and directories in Linux we use
permissions to control what a user can
do with a file or a directory so in
Linux there are three types of
permission the read permission the write
permission and the execute permission so
the read permission allows the user to
read files and directories it lets the
user read directories and subdirectories
stored in it the write permission allows
the user to modify and delete a file
also it allows a user to modify its
contents for the directories so unless
the execute permission is not given to
directories changes do not affect them
the third permission is the execute
permission so the write permission on a
file allows it to get executed for
example if we have a file named PHP dot
asset so unless we don't give it an
execute permission it won't be run so
these were the permissions types of file
permissions in Linux there are three
types the first one is the user so this
type of file permission affect the owner
of the file the second one is the group
this type of file permission affects the
group which owns the file so instead of
the group permissions the user
permissions will apply if the owner user
is in this group the third permission is
the other permission so these type of
file permission affect all the users on
the systems so to view these permissions
so let us just say we use a command LS - L
so this command will list down all these
files and the directories that are
present here along with their
permissions so as you can see here these
are the permissions these are the users
the groups and the timestamp and these
are the names of the file to use this
command so say for example there's this
file called ABC dot txt whose user is Ed Eureka
Eureka
okay so you have to use this command CH
own so the syntax for that is pretty
simple CH on the owner name the owner
that you want to change so say for
example route and the file name so file
name is ABC dot txt operation not
permitted sudo let me just try sudo okay
so this works when you use sudo so let
us now just run the command and is - him
to see the permissions of this file so
as you can see here it was first aid
Eureka now let us see the changed owner okay
okay
so previously it was a director and now
it is root ok so this is how you use the
CH own command so just to summarize the
CH own command is used to change the
so the next command that we are going to
talk about is the chmod command so this
command is used to change the access
permissions of files and directories so
the syntax for this command is pretty
much simple so say for example if you
want to change the permissions and the
privileges of a file so for that let us
just see the list of files that is
present here and the permissions so say
for example this file PC dot txt it has
these permissions so we want to give all
the permissions to all the users and the
groups that want to use this file
so for that let me type the command C H
mod triple7 ok and the finally BAC dot
txt okay so let us again have a look at
the permissions of this file ok so as
you can see here previously these were
the permissions read write read and read
and now it has changed to read write
execute for the user the group and the
others okay so there are a few numbers
that are associated with the permissions
like zero means no permission at all one
means the execute permission puh means
the write permission and four means the
read permission so here we have used the
command chmod triple seven so seven here
means read write execute all the three
for two and one so read write execute
for the user
the second seven is for the group and
the third seven is for any other users
or the groups so this was the chmod
command and I hope you have understood
this command
so let me just clear the terminal so the
next command that we are going to talk
about is the LS Oh F command so while
working in Linux or UNIX based system
there might be several files and folders
which are being used some of them are
visible and some of them are not visible
so LS Oh F stands for list of open files
so this command provides a list of files
that are opened basically it gives the
information to find out the files which
are opened by which process so with one
go this command lists out all the open
files in the output console so the
syntax for this command is pretty much
so as you can see here this is the list
of open files
these many files okay if your score
so here you observe there are details of
which files are open the process ID the
user associated with the process FD
stands for file descriptor size of the
file all together gives detailed
information about the file open by the
command the process ID its user and so
on so CWD here stands for current
working directory okay txt stands for
the text file obviously so say for
example if you want to know the list of
all files opened by a particular user so
there are several users of a system and
each user can have different
requirements and accordingly they use
files and devices so to find a list of
files that are opened by a specific user
you can use the command say for example
LS o F - you and the user name say for
so these are the lists of file that are
opened by the user
ed Eureka let me just clear the terminal
so then next command that we are going
to talk about is the ID command so the
ID command in Linux is used to find out
user and the group names and numeric IDs
of the current user or any other user in
the server so this command is used to
find out a few important things such as
the user name and the real user ID find
out the specific users UID show the UID
and the groups associated with a user
list out all the groups a user belongs
to and display the security context of
the current user the syntax for this
command is pretty much simple ID the
flag and the user name okay so there are
a few flags that you can use with this
command the first flag is the hyphen G
so the command would be ID - G and the
user name so this command prints only
the effective group IDs whereas ID -
capital G prints all the group IDs ID -
n prints the names instead of numbers
and ID - are prints real IDs instead of
numbers ID - new prints only the
effective user ID ID - help displays the
help messages ID - version displays the
version information so without any
option it prints every set of identified
information that is the numeric IDs so
what you need to do here is simply type
ID and press Enter so as you can see
here displace the UID for this user ID
eureka the group ID and the group that
he belongs to and their respective group
IDs as well so say for example if you
want to know the user ID for this user
called a dareka ID - you
and you recap so 1,000 as you can see
here user IDs 1,000 and group IDs also
1000 let me just verify this the command
for that is ID - G okay
1000 as you can see here so to find out
all the you IDs and the groups
associated with the user so say for
example there's another user called
Arvind so ID Arvind so as you can see
here the output user ID group ID and the
groups that he belongs to so this was
about the ID command so the next command
that we're going to talk about is the
tar command so the tar command is used
to zip and unzip files of the dot tar
format so let me just show you the
syntax for this file so say for example
if you want to zip a folder so for that
the command is / - cv f space filename
and the folder name shows folder name so
this was a very easy syntax for the tar
command and say for example if you want
to unzip a file so in devups
when installing something you might be
getting a file in the dot tar format
while unzipping that file you can use
this command tar - ex-bf and the power
file name so you can use this command to
unzip a file so this was about the tar
command the next command that we are
going to talk about is the cut command
sub cut command is used for extracting a
portion of a file using columns and
delimiters so say for example if you
want to list everything in a selected
column then in this case you need to use
the hyphen c flag with the cut command
so say for example let me just see here
so let me just show you how do you use
this command so let us first see what
are the files present here so say for
example this point demo 1 dot txt okay
okay so this file has these lines a 1 1
B 2 2 and C 3 3 so say for example if
you want to display only two columns
like a 1 B 2 and C 3 from this file so
using cut command we can do it so the
syntax for doing that is very simple cut
- C 1 - 2 space the final image so the
final image demo 1 dot txt so - see here
stands for the column and which columns
1 & 2 column okay so just press ENTER ok
as you can see here it will display
these two columns so say for example you
want only one column and not the two
columns so just remove this truth - C 1
press ENTER so you can see here ABC will
be the first come up just displayed ok
so this was about the cut command so the
next command that we are going to talk
about is the sed that is said command so
said is a text editor which can perform
editing operations in a non interactive
wage so said command gets its input from
a standard input or a file to perform
the editing operations on a file so said
is a very powerful utility and you can
do a lot of file manipulations using
said so say for example if you want to
replace a text in a file by searching it
in a file you can use the said command
with the substitute s flag smallest to
search for the specific pattern and
change it so say for example let me just
show you an example your this is file
called demo so said test ok so cat let
me just see the content this for
and test dot txt
okay so here it says how are you bumming
so say for example I have to replace
this bobbin by any other name so I can
use the sed command here sed space
single quote s that is the flag that you
can use with this command so the word
that you want to replace and the new
word which are then okay and the name of
the file completely SED test1 dot txt so
as you can see here first it was how are
you bobbin nowadays how are you juggle
so this was the command SED i hope you
have understood this command we just
clear the terminal okay so the next
command that we are going to talk about
is the unique command so unique command
is used for filtering out the duplicate
lines in a files so the syntax for this
command is pretty much simple so say for
example you have to remove all the
duplicate lines from a file so you can
use this command unique and the file name
name
so this was a very easy command the next
command that you are going to talk about
is the watch command
so watch command in Linux is used to
execute a program periodically showing
output in full screen this command will
run a specified command in the argument
repeatedly by showing its outputs and
errors by default the specified command
will run every two seconds and watch
will run until interrupted so the syntax
for this command is very simple you just
have to type watch the flag Andy come on
let me show you an example using this so
let us flag called - D that you can use
with watch so this parameter - D
highlights the differences between the
successive updates the options will read
the optional arguments which changes the
highlight to be permanent and this
allows the user to see what has changed
at least once since the first iteration
so let me just type - D watch - date
free command we have used we'll see what
free command is in the later part of
this session so the next command that we
are going to talk about is the eval
command so eval is a built-in linux
command which is used to execute
arguments as a shell command so it
combines arguments into a single string
and uses it as an input to the shell and
execute commands so the syntax for this
command is very simple even and the
arguments so let me just show you an
example of eval command here so say for
example you have to type even - -
help evil - - help this command shows
the description of the eval command
itself so as you can see here so let me
just clear the terminal so the next
command that we are going to talk about
is the history command history command
is used to view the previously executed
commands this feature was not available
in the bourne shell bash and console
support this feature in which every
command is executed and is treated as
the event and is associated with an
event number using which they can be
recalled and changed if there's a
requirement to do so
so these commands are saved in the
history file so in bash shell history
command shows the whole list of commands
so say for example just type history
here press Enter so this is the list of
commands I have used till now
400 500 plus commands I guess yeah 584
commands I've used so say for example if
you want to see only last 5 comments
that I've used history space 5 press
Enter so these are the last 5 commands
that you have used you can see here the
piece is clearly terminal ok so the next
command that we are going to talk about
is e DD command so DD is a command-line
utility for UNIX and unix-like OS whose
primary purpose is to convert and copy
files the command-line syntax of DD
differs from many other UNIX programs in
that it uses the syntax option equal to
value so this impacts option equal to
value is used for its command line
operations so I'll show you just a
practical example of this command so say
for example you have to back up the
entire hard disk so to back up an entire
copy of a hard disk to another hard disk
connected to the same system so this
command DD can be used in this command
the UNIX device name of the source are
disk is say for example the source hard
disk name is def HDA and the target hard
disk name is dev HD B so how do you use
this command BD
deedy space IFI f stands for input file
space the name of the source our disk so
it is deaf space HD a and just forgot to
place equal to sign here as discussed
earlier it has a syntax of option equal
to value so input file is this the
source file and the output file o F is
deaf deaf / HD B so as of now we are not
copying anything so but I'm just showing
you how to use this command so input
file and output file should be mentioned
very carefully just in case you
mentioned source device in the target
and the vice-versa you might lose all
the data I hope you have understood this
command okay so this one more command
that we talked about like the free
command okay
so the free command displays the total
amount of free space available along
with the amount of memory used and swap
memory in the system and also the
buffers used by the kernel the syntax
for this command is very simple free
space or options you can see so let me
just strike free command here and press Enter
Enter
so as you can see here total installed
memory that is present on the system so
used means the use memory and free means
the unused memory shared displays the
memory used by the EM folders buffer
displays the memory used by the kernel
buffers and cached
displays the memory used by the page
cache and the slabs and buffers slash
cache displays the sum of the buffers
and the cache and there are a few flags
or options that you can use with this
command that is - B the command is free
- B so it displays the memory in bytes
if you use - K this displays the amount
of memory kilobytes which is by default
- M displays the amount of memory in
megabytes and - G small G displays the
amount of memory in gigabytes I hope you
have understood this command free so let
me just clear the terminal okay so the
next command that we are going to talk
about is the SSH command so while
working in DevOps you
frequently uses command the SSH command
so SSH means that secure shell okay so
this command refers to a cryptographic
Network protocol for operating network
services securely over an unsecured
Network typical use cases include the
remote command line execution but any
network service can be secured with the
command SSH so say for example if you
have a master node and the slave node so
if you are running this command the
command that I am going to type now on
the slave node this will give you access
to the master node so the command for
that is very simple SSH and the Masters
IP address so if you run this command on
the slave machine you can get access to
the master machine and vice versa if you
execute this command on the master
machine along with the slave IP you can
get access to the slave machine so this
one no command called SSH key jelly so
this command is used to generate a
public private authentication key pair
so authentication keys allows a user to
connect to a remote system without
supplying the password so keys must be
generated for each user separately so if
you generate key pairs as the root user
only the root user can use those key so
the syntax for creating pair of keys is
very simple so you need to type SSH -
qijin space - TM dar este press enter
here you can press Enter
says it already exists so I wanted to
overwrite presenter end up passphrase
empty form or passphrase
in the passphrase presenter presenter
okay so the key has been generated as
you can see here - T option here is used
to specify the type of T that you have
to create so you have the option of
specifying the passphrase to encrypt the
private part of the key so if you
encrypt your personal gear you must
supply the passphrase each time you use
this key so in this case we have just
pressed enter we haven't passed anything
in the passphrase so this prevents an
attacker who has access to your private
key and can impersonate you and access
all the computers you have access to
from being able to do so so this was
about the command ssh-keygen let me just
clear the terminal so the next command
that we are going to talk about is the
IP command so the IP command in Linux is
present in the net tools which is used
for performing several network
administration tasks IP simply stands
for Internet Protocol so this command is
used to show manipulative routing
devices and tunnels it is similar to the
ifconfig command okay the next command
that we are going to discuss is the
ifconfig command so I have conflict that
is interface configuration command is
used to configure the kernel resident
network interfaces it is used at the
boot time who set up interfaces as
necessary after that it is usually used
when needed during debugging or when you
need a system tuning also this command
is used to assign IP addresses and
netmask to an interface or to enable or
disable a given interface so the syntax
for this command is very simple ifconfig
space the interface
so there are two options that you can
use with this command that is ifconfig -
a so this option is used to display all
the interfaces available even if they
are down so if you use this command I
have config - eh okay so you can see all
the interfaces that are available okay
yeah and this one more current called -
s so if you pipe I have conflict - s so
this displays a short list instead of
all the details so this was about the I
have config command so let me just clear
the terminal also if you want to know
the IP address of your machine you
simply need to type ifconfig press enter
ok as you can see here this is the IP
address of your machine so to know the
IP address of your machine you just need
to use this command I have conflict so
the next command that we are going to
talk about is the IP command so IP
command in Linux is present in the net
tools which is used for performing
several Network administration tasks so
IP stands for Internet Protocol this
command is used to show or manipulate
routing devices and tunnels it is
similar to the ifconfig command but it
is much more powerful and more functions
and facilities attached to it
ifconfig is one of the deprecated
commands in the net tools of linux that
has not been maintained for many years
IP command is used to perform several
tasks like assigning an address to a
network interface or configuring network
interface parameters and so on so it can
perform several other tasks like
configuring and modifying the default
and static routing setting up a tunnel
over an IP listing IP addresses and
property information modifying the
status of the interface assigning
deleting and setting up IP addresses and
routes so let me just show you a
practical example of IP space address okay
okay
so this command is used to show all the
IP addresses associated on all network
devices so as you can see here these are
the various network devices and their IP
addresses yeah so there's one more
command called IP space link so this
command is used to display link layer
information it will fetch
characteristics of the link layer
devices currently available any
networking device which has a driver
loaded can be classified as an available
device so IP - link press Enter ok so
this is the output these are the
available devices and the link layer
information as you can see here so let
me just clear the terminal so the next
command that we are going to talk about
is the next and command so netstat
command displays various network related
information such as network connections
routing tables interface statistics
multicast memberships and so on so the
syntax for this is very simple for
so as you can see here if we use this
command netstat - a so it is used to
show both the listening and the non
listening ports that are available so
this command is used to show both the
listening as well as the non listening
sockets and this one mo command called netstat
netstat
- 80 so this command will list all the
tcp ports that are available so as you
can see here these are the tcp ports so
this was about the netstat commands so
the next command is the nslookup command
so nslookup stands for name server
lookup this is a useful command for
getting information from the DNS server
it is a network administration tool for
querying the domain name system to
obtain domain name or IP addresses
mapping or any other specific DNS record
it is also used to troubleshoot DNS
related problems so the syntax for this
is very simple
simply type nslookup and the option let
me just type nslookup say for example google.com
so it is giving you the details of this
domain google.com the server the address
so if we type this command like NS and
the domain name so this will display a
record that is IP address of the domain
as you can see here so this command
queries the domain name servers to get
all these details so this was about the
nslookup command let me just clear the
terminal so the next command that we are
going to talk about is this C URL or
curl command as you can say so curl is a
command line tool to transfer data to or
from a server using any of the supported
protocols such as HTTP FTP SCP SMTP and
so on so curl is powered by your lip
curl so this tool is preferred for
automation since it is designed to work
without any user interaction so curl can
be used to transform multiple files at
once so the syntax for this command is
very simple cold - space piped curl
space options and the URL so there's one
parameter or the option that you can use
with this is - oh so this parameter
saves the downloaded file on the local
machine with the name provided in the
parameters so this was about the curl or
this URL command
so the next command that we are going to
talk about is the a wk command so a wk
is a scripting language used for
manipulating data and generating reports
the a WK command programming language
requires no compiling and allows the
user to use variables numeric functions
string functions and logical operators
so a wk is abbreviated from the names of
the developers that is a ho van burger
and the can again so the syntax is
pretty much simple I will show you how
do you use it so say for example let me
see the list of files that we have okay
so yeah ABC dot txt so let us just see
the contents of this file a we see it
dot txt let's just see another file name
okay so I'll just show you how do you
use this command so say for example you
want to print every line from a
specified file so we can use this
okay and the name of the file so say for
example a WK test dot txt
okay so this was a file this has only
two lines okay so if you want to print
every line from a file so you can use
this command
ewk so say for example I'm looking for a
specific pattern you know file so say
for example a wk I'm looking for the word
word
okay so let's consider this file itself
in single quotes I'm looking for a ROM
and I want to print it and the file name
aw kay test dot txt so it will print any
of the lines that has this word ROM
press Enter okay so these two lines have
this word ROM so it has printed both
these lengths so this was another use of
a wk
so the next command that we are going to
talk about is the TR c'mon so TR stands
for translate so this command in UNIX is
a command-line utility for translating
and deleting characters it supports a
range of transformations including
uppercase to lowercase squeezing
repeating characters deleting specific
characters and basic find and replace it
can be used with UNIX pipes to support
more complex translations okay so I'll
just show you an example of the TR
command so say for example this file
called a WK test okay so let us just see
the contents of this file now we'll try
some other file CBA dot txt okay so let
us say we want to convert this into
upper case everything into upper case
here we want to display this hi this is
ID Rika in upper case so for that we
will use the command can the final name
CBA dot txt and the pipe symbol TR space
double quotes a to said space and the
capital A to Z okay so this is the
syntax for doing this press Enter as you
can see here everything has been
converted to a purchase so this is one
of the usage of the TR command so let me
just clear the terminal the next command
that we are going to talk about is the
ENB command
env command is used to print environment
variables it is also used to run a
utility or a command in a custom
environment in practice env command has
another common use it is often used by
shell scripts to launch a correct
interpreter in this usage the
environment is typically not changed so
say for example I have to see a list of
all the environment variables that are
present on my system so I will simply
type env and press Enter okay so these
are the list of environment variables
that are present say for example if you
want to run a command with an empty
environment so for that the syntax is
env - I and E
come on OK and say for example if you
want to remove a variable from the
environment so for that the syntax is
env - you and the variable name okay so
I hope you have understood this command
env let me just clear the terminal so
the next command that we are going to
talk about is the IP tables command IP
tables is a command line interface used
to set up and maintain tables for the
netfilter firewall for the ipv4
including the Linux kernel the
firewalker matches packets with rules
defined in these tables and then takes
the specified action on a possible match
so I'm gonna tell you the usage of the
IP tables commands so say for example
while working in DevOps for some reason
you need to disable the firewalls so for
that this command IP tables can be used
say for example service service IP
tables stop so this command can be used
to disable the firewalls okay so this
was a one use of the command called IP
tables okay so as of now we are not
running this command on our system
so the next command that we are going to
talk about is the applicate command so
apt-get is a command line tool which helps in handling packages in Linux its
helps in handling packages in Linux its main task is to retrieve the information
main task is to retrieve the information and packages from the authenticated
and packages from the authenticated sources for installation upgrade and
sources for installation upgrade and removal of packages along with their
removal of packages along with their dependencies so apt stands for advanced
dependencies so apt stands for advanced packaging tool so if you are using
packaging tool so if you are using Ubuntu based systems so here the command
Ubuntu based systems so here the command apt-get can be used while if you're
apt-get can be used while if you're someone who is using the Red Hat based
someone who is using the Red Hat based system such as the sent OS so in that
system such as the sent OS so in that case you need to use the command yum ok
case you need to use the command yum ok so the syntax for this command is very
so the syntax for this command is very simple like AB get the options of the
simple like AB get the options of the flags and the come on
flags and the come on ok so say for example I have to install
ok so say for example I have to install something on my machine so I'll use the
something on my machine so I'll use the command sudo apt-get install say for
command sudo apt-get install say for example I want to install this image
example I want to install this image editor called Pinta ok so I will just
editor called Pinta ok so I will just type in DES sudo apt-get install and
type in DES sudo apt-get install and Pinta ok so this was about the app to
Pinta ok so this was about the app to get command the next command is the DF
get command the next command is the DF command memory disk usage command that
command memory disk usage command that DF or the disk free command reports the
DF or the disk free command reports the amount of available disk space being
amount of available disk space being used by the file systems the D U of the
used by the file systems the D U of the disk usage command reports the size of
disk usage command reports the size of directory trees inclusive of all their
directory trees inclusive of all their contents and the size of individual
contents and the size of individual files the aim is to make sure you are
files the aim is to make sure you are not overshooting the 80% threshold if
not overshooting the 80% threshold if you exceed the threshold it is time to
you exceed the threshold it is time to scale or clean up the mess because you
scale or clean up the mess because you are running out of the resources so the
are running out of the resources so the syntax to use this command like if you
syntax to use this command like if you want to see the disk free space in a
want to see the disk free space in a human readable format you can use the
human readable format you can use the command DF pseudo DF - H
okay so this is the disc free command that we are using and we can see here
that we are using and we can see here the output size available size used
the output size available size used available memory percentages and the
available memory percentages and the mounted location so but in most cases
mounted location so but in most cases you want to check which part of your
you want to check which part of your system is consuming in lots of disk
system is consuming in lots of disk space for the command for doing that is
space for the command for doing that is sudo D u - H - D one and the B layer
so as you can see here this location it is can
is can a lot of disk space so this was about
a lot of disk space so this was about the D F and D do command so now let us
the D F and D do command so now let us talk a bit about cell scripting so first
talk a bit about cell scripting so first and foremost question what is a shell so
and foremost question what is a shell so an operating system is made up of many
an operating system is made up of many components out of which two are very
components out of which two are very prime components and these components
prime components and these components are the kernel and the shell so a kernel
are the kernel and the shell so a kernel is at the nucleus of a computer
is at the nucleus of a computer it makes the communication between the
it makes the communication between the hardware and the software possible while
hardware and the software possible while the kernel is the innermost part of an
the kernel is the innermost part of an operating system a shell is the
operating system a shell is the outermost one a shell in a Linux OS
outermost one a shell in a Linux OS takes input from you in the form of
takes input from you in the form of commands processes it and then gives an
commands processes it and then gives an output it is the interface through which
output it is the interface through which a user works on the program's commands
a user works on the program's commands and scripts a shell is accessed by a
and scripts a shell is accessed by a terminal which runs it so whenever you
terminal which runs it so whenever you run the terminal the shell issues a
run the terminal the shell issues a command prompt where you can type your
command prompt where you can type your input which is then executed when you
input which is then executed when you hit the enter key so the output or the
hit the enter key so the output or the result is thereafter displayed on the
result is thereafter displayed on the terminal the shell wraps around the
terminal the shell wraps around the delicate interior of an operating system
delicate interior of an operating system thereby protecting it from accidental
thereby protecting it from accidental damage
damage hence it is named as shell so there are
hence it is named as shell so there are two types of shell basically the bourne
two types of shell basically the bourne shell and the c shell so the prompt for
shell and the c shell so the prompt for the bourne shell is shown by the dollar
the bourne shell is shown by the dollar symbol and its derivatives are POSIX
symbol and its derivatives are POSIX corn and bash POSIX shell is also known
corn and bash POSIX shell is also known as SH conch shell is also known as SH
as SH conch shell is also known as SH and the bourne-again shell is now known
and the bourne-again shell is now known as bash and the Bash is the most popular
as bash and the Bash is the most popular shell the second type of shell is the C
shell the second type of shell is the C shell and the prompt for the shell is
shell and the prompt for the shell is shown by the percentage sign and there
shown by the percentage sign and there are two sub categories for this that is
are two sub categories for this that is the C shell which is also known as C SH
the C shell which is also known as C SH and the top C shell which is also known
and the top C shell which is also known as PC SH so now the question is what is
as PC SH so now the question is what is shell scripting so shell scripting is
shell scripting so shell scripting is writing a series of commands for the
writing a series of commands for the shell to execute it can combine lengthy
shell to execute it can combine lengthy and repetitive sequences of commands
and repetitive sequences of commands into a single and a simple script which
into a single and a simple script which can be stored and executed anytime so
can be stored and executed anytime so this reduces the effort required by the
this reduces the effort required by the end user so let us understand the
end user so let us understand the various steps in creating a shell script
various steps in creating a shell script so what you do is first you create a
so what you do is first you create a file using the VI editor or any other
file using the VI editor or any other editor
editor and you name the script with an
and you name the script with an extension dot Sh
extension dot Sh so we will also have a look at it like
so we will also have a look at it like we will execute a shell script but I
we will execute a shell script but I will just tell you a few steps of how to
will just tell you a few steps of how to do it then we have to start the script
do it then we have to start the script with the symbol such as hash exclamation
with the symbol such as hash exclamation mark and the slash bin slash Sh
mark and the slash bin slash Sh so hash exclamation is an operator
so hash exclamation is an operator called the shebang which directs the
called the shebang which directs the script to the interpreter location so if
script to the interpreter location so if we use the command hash exclamation mark
we use the command hash exclamation mark slash bin slash SH the script gets
slash bin slash SH the script gets directed to the Bourne shell then once
directed to the Bourne shell then once we open this file we have to write some
we open this file we have to write some code we have to save it and for
code we have to save it and for executing we have to just type the
executing we have to just type the command bash and the file name dot
command bash and the file name dot assets I'll just show you how do you do
assets I'll just show you how do you do it here I have the gate terminal or the
it here I have the gate terminal or the gate bash opened here so we have to type
gate bash opened here so we have to type say for example ABC dot H
say for example ABC dot H we have to write something here so what
we have to write something here so what we'll do is I have a simple program
we'll do is I have a simple program which calculates the sum of the digits
which calculates the sum of the digits of a number it accepts a number from a
of a number it accepts a number from a user and it calculates the sum of its
user and it calculates the sum of its digits and it displays the result so
digits and it displays the result so this is a very simple program I'll just
this is a very simple program I'll just write it here I'll just save it WQ okay
write it here I'll just save it WQ okay so it is saved and now we have to just
so it is saved and now we have to just run this script using the command bash
run this script using the command bash let me just check whether I have
let me just check whether I have inserted okay
inserted okay so we are missing out on a very
so we are missing out on a very important thing here we have to type C
important thing here we have to type C bang operator
bang operator okay so hash exclamation slash bin slash
okay so hash exclamation slash bin slash as such we have written whatever we
as such we have written whatever we wanted okay so we have saved it and now
wanted okay so we have saved it and now bash a b c dot sh so it says enter a
bash a b c dot sh so it says enter a number 88
digits of 88 is 16 so this is how you write a shell script and you run a shell
write a shell script and you run a shell script so this was a very simple program
script so this was a very simple program but you can write any program that you
but you can write any program that you want and you can run it using the bash
want and you can run it using the bash so we have come to the final part of
so we have come to the final part of this session that is the gate commands
this session that is the gate commands and before knowing the gate commands
and before knowing the gate commands we'll quickly a few things about gate
we'll quickly a few things about gate what is good so git is a free open
what is good so git is a free open source distributed version control
source distributed version control system tool designed to handle
system tool designed to handle everything from small to very large
everything from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency so
projects with speed and efficiency so gate has the functionality performance
gate has the functionality performance security and flexibility that most teams
security and flexibility that most teams and individual developers need it also
and individual developers need it also serves as an important distributed
serves as an important distributed version control tool that is used in
version control tool that is used in DevOps tools like git enable the
DevOps tools like git enable the communication between the development
communication between the development and the operations team so whenever you
and the operations team so whenever you are developing a last project with a
are developing a last project with a huge number of collaborators it is very
huge number of collaborators it is very important to have communication between
important to have communication between the collaborators while making changes
the collaborators while making changes in the project commit messages and get
in the project commit messages and get play a very important role in
play a very important role in communicating among the team the bits
communicating among the team the bits and pieces that we all deploy lies in
and pieces that we all deploy lies in the version control system like git so
the version control system like git so to succeed in DevOps you need to have
to succeed in DevOps you need to have all the communication in the version
all the communication in the version control and hence get plays a very vital
control and hence get plays a very vital role in succeeding and DevOps so this
role in succeeding and DevOps so this was the definition of git and this is
was the definition of git and this is the diagram that you must remember like
the diagram that you must remember like the working directory this staging area
the working directory this staging area the local repository and the remote
the local repository and the remote repository you just need to remember
repository you just need to remember these things so if you remember these
these things so if you remember these things that you will get a clear
things that you will get a clear understanding of what command is used to
understanding of what command is used to do what things so now we will have a
do what things so now we will have a look at few of the git commands like as
look at few of the git commands like as you can see here we will cover a few
you can see here we will cover a few commands get config get in it and so on
commands get config get in it and so on and few of these commands as well now
and few of these commands as well now let us go to the git bash so the first
let us go to the git bash so the first command that we will see here is get
command that we will see here is get config command ok so this command sets
config command ok so this command sets the author name and the email address
the author name and the email address respectively to be used with your
respectively to be used with your commits so how do you do it the syntax
commits so how do you do it the syntax is pretty simple like git get conflict -
is pretty simple like git get conflict - global user dot name and the name say
global user dot name and the name say for example a Eureka in my case let's
for example a Eureka in my case let's just say Arvin okay
this is the syntax that is used - - global previously I just type a single -
global previously I just type a single - there are two hyphens here we have
there are two hyphens here we have registered the username and now you have
registered the username and now you have to register the email so that is get
to register the email so that is get conflict
conflict - - global user dot email and the email
- - global user dot email and the email address that is Arvind at Eureka dot
address that is Arvind at Eureka dot okay
okay so this works fine so the next command
so this works fine so the next command is the git init command so this command
is the git init command so this command is used to start a new repository so
is used to start a new repository so this is a very simple command simply
this is a very simple command simply type git init like you can type the name
type git init like you can type the name of the repository if you want else it
of the repository if you want else it will initialize an empty repository
will initialize an empty repository without any name ok so here as you can
without any name ok so here as you can see here on desktop it has created a
see here on desktop it has created a repository dot git repository has been
repository dot git repository has been created on the next off with a command
created on the next off with a command so the next command is the git clone
so the next command is the git clone command so this command is used to
command so this command is used to obtain a repository from an existing URL
obtain a repository from an existing URL see for example let me just show you I
see for example let me just show you I will clone a repository from my github
will clone a repository from my github account ok so say for example this is
account ok so say for example this is the repository game of life which is
the repository game of life which is available on my github account to clone
available on my github account to clone that URL I will have to first go to this
that URL I will have to first go to this tab clone or download click here and
tab clone or download click here and then you will get link ok copy that link
then you will get link ok copy that link clone with HTTPS ok copy that link and
clone with HTTPS ok copy that link and paste it here
paste it here git clone and the repository paste
okay so the repository is being cloned here and is still working and it is done
here and is still working and it is done okay so as you can see here the game of
okay so as you can see here the game of life repository has been thrown so this
life repository has been thrown so this was a very easy command I just clear the
was a very easy command I just clear the terminal so the next command is the git
terminal so the next command is the git add command so this command adds a file
add command so this command adds a file to the staging area and the command for
to the staging area and the command for that is very simple
that is very simple get add and the finally so this is the
get add and the finally so this is the syntax for the add command and suppose
syntax for the add command and suppose if you have more than one file to add to
if you have more than one file to add to the staging area you can simply use the
the staging area you can simply use the star option okay so it will add
star option okay so it will add everything like more than one file with
everything like more than one file with multiple files so this was about the git
multiple files so this was about the git add command the next command is the git
add command the next command is the git commit command so this command records
commit command so this command records or snapshots the file permanently in the
or snapshots the file permanently in the version history so the syntax for this
version history so the syntax for this command is get commit
command is get commit - em and any of the message that you
- em and any of the message that you want to type okay so with each comment
want to type okay so with each comment you can type a message to modify so this
you can type a message to modify so this is the syntax for this command let's
is the syntax for this command let's just say there's one more command called
just say there's one more command called git commit - a so there's one more flag
git commit - a so there's one more flag with this command - II so this command
with this command - II so this command commits any files you have added with
commits any files you have added with the git add command and also commits any
the git add command and also commits any files you have changed since then so
files you have changed since then so this is the syntax for this command git
this is the syntax for this command git commit - e similarly there's one more
commit - e similarly there's one more command like as you have seen earlier in
command like as you have seen earlier in the Linux command the RM command get RM
the Linux command the RM command get RM the file name okay so this command
the file name okay so this command deletes the file from your working
deletes the file from your working directory and stages the deletion this
directory and stages the deletion this was very easy command git RM similarly
was very easy command git RM similarly this one command called git show and
this one command called git show and here you have to specify the commit ID
here you have to specify the commit ID okay so this command shows the metadata
okay so this command shows the metadata and the content changes of these
and the content changes of these specified commits so this was about the
specified commits so this was about the gate show the next command is the git
gate show the next command is the git remote command so this command is used
remote command so this command is used to connect your local repository to the
to connect your local repository to the remote server so for that the syntax is
remote server so for that the syntax is very simple say for example git remote
very simple say for example git remote add the variable name and the remote
add the variable name and the remote server link this is the syntax to use
server link this is the syntax to use the git remote if you want to delete a
the git remote if you want to delete a branch on your remote repository so how
branch on your remote repository so how will you do it so this one command
will you do it so this one command called git push region the remote server
called git push region the remote server and the branch name say for example b2
and the branch name say for example b2 is the branch name
is the branch name the next command is the git pull command
the next command is the git pull command so this command fetches and merges
so this command fetches and merges changes on the remote server to your
changes on the remote server to your working directory so the syntax is
working directory so the syntax is pretty simple get pull and the
pretty simple get pull and the repository link so this is a very simple
repository link so this is a very simple command the next command that we are
command the next command that we are going to talk about is the git branch
going to talk about is the git branch command this command lists all the local
command this command lists all the local branches in your current repository and
branches in your current repository and it's syntax is very simple just get and
it's syntax is very simple just get and branch this is a very simple command and
branch this is a very simple command and if you want to create a new branch so
if you want to create a new branch so for that the command is get branch say
for that the command is get branch say for example the new branch that you want
for example the new branch that you want to create
to create so get branch and branch name and if you
so get branch and branch name and if you want to delete the feature branch so for
want to delete the feature branch so for that the command is get branch - d and
that the command is get branch - d and the branch name C for example B 1 so
the branch name C for example B 1 so this was the usage of the git branch
this was the usage of the git branch command the next command is the git
command the next command is the git checkout so this command is used to
checkout so this command is used to switch from one branch to another branch
switch from one branch to another branch and the syntax also is very simple get
and the syntax also is very simple get checkout and the branch name where you
checkout and the branch name where you want to switch ok say for example B 1 or
want to switch ok say for example B 1 or B 2 or even master so this is one use of
B 2 or even master so this is one use of checkout so if you want to create a new
checkout so if you want to create a new branch and you want to switch to that
branch and you want to switch to that branch so for that the syntax is get
branch so for that the syntax is get checkout - B and the branch name b4 so
checkout - B and the branch name b4 so this command creates a branch and also
this command creates a branch and also switches to that branch there's one more
switches to that branch there's one more command called get much
so what this command does is this command merges the specified branch
command merges the specified branch history into the current branch and the
history into the current branch and the syntax for that is git merge and the
syntax for that is git merge and the branch name branch underscore name so
branch name branch underscore name so this is a very simple command like get
this is a very simple command like get much and the branch name there's one
much and the branch name there's one last command that we will have a look at
last command that we will have a look at that is get rebase so what this command
that is get rebase so what this command does is this command will move all your
does is this command will move all your work from your current branch to the
work from your current branch to the master branch they look like as if they
master branch they look like as if they are developed sequentially but they are
are developed sequentially but they are developed parallely so the syntax for e
developed parallely so the syntax for e basis git rebase and the branch name so
basis git rebase and the branch name so this was the syntax for git rebase with
this was the syntax for git rebase with this we have come to the end of this
this we have come to the end of this session I hope you have enjoyed this
session I hope you have enjoyed this session if you have any queries related
session if you have any queries related to anything with respect to this
to anything with respect to this presentation you can post them in the
presentation you can post them in the comments box below and we will try to
comments box below and we will try to get back to you as early as possible
get back to you as early as possible thank you so much
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