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Installing Active Directory on Windows Server on Virtual Machine (Home Lab) (Ep. 1)

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This video provides a comprehensive, step-by-step guide for beginners to set up Active Directory from scratch on a Windows Server 2022 virtual machine using VMware Workstation Pro, laying the foundation for a series of IT home lab projects.

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hello everyone welcome back to the

channel and for today's video I will be

showing you an updated version of how to

set up active directory from scratch on

a Windows server on a virtual machine so

this is going to be a nice project a

home lab project for those who are

learning entry level it or wants to see

if you can set up your own active

director and see if it is for you so

this video is the start of the series

where I'll be showing you how to build

your own home project starting with the

basic active directory setup and then we

will have a series of video on GPO DNS

active directory Services file servers

print servers Windows servers Linux

servers and more so stay tuned for that

if you're interested in this video I

will show you how to install VMware

Workstation Pro install Windows server

2022 on that VM how to install active

directory tools on Windows Server we

will have an activity on basic ad setup

like creating OU and accounts I'll also

explain active directory Concepts like

OU group Scopes and group types and also

give you some tips and best practices so

if you're interested to learn how to set

up active directory from scratch on a

virtual machine please keep on watching

and without further Ado let's get right

into today's video okay so for the first

video in this series I'm going to show

you the stepbystep process on how to set

up active directory from scratch on

Windows Server 2022 on a virtual machine

which is VMware Workstation Pro and

everything will be free and we will be

using a free trial for all of this you

don't have to purchase any license for

your home lab so the first step is to

install the virtual machine that we will

be using which is a VMware Workstation

Pro I'm also going to include all of the

links that we are using here for this

video video in the description box below

if you want to try this home lab

activity so in this video I'm using

VMware Pro this is now free to use for

personal use only I chose this because

I've been using this for a while now and

you are also free to use other virtual

machines if you are used to other ones

so if you click on the link down below

it will show you the download links for

the VMware products so we are going to

be using workstation Pro in this

activity so just click on that and you

should have a login for the broadcom

this is free to register so if you don't

have the login for this you can sign up

for the account so if you don't have an

account yet just click on this click

here and then you can register your

email address in here and then it should

just register you once you filled all

the information and you should be able

to log in now okay so the username is

your email address and once you have

logged in and you will see all the

downloads in here and you should just

select the one for personal use for

Windows if you're using a Windows

machine for your VM so I'm just going to

choose the latest version in here and it

should download it or it'll take me to

another page where I can download it and

I'll just wait for it to finish so I can

install it okay once it's finish

downloading just click on the executable

and you should be able to install it now

let just keep on clicking next accept

and next until it installs usually it

takes a few minutes so while we're

waiting for that to install we can now

go to our Microsoft link where we can

get the download for the iso that we're

going to use for our Windows Server this

is what we're going to install in our

virtual machine so we are using 2022 so

normally when you are new to this it's

your first time doing this for example

if you search for the Windows Server

2022 and you can see that you can get

started for free for the trial you can

click on the download the iso in here

and it's going to ask you to register so

once you've registered that's when you

can download the iso so just fill up all

of this in here and you'll be able to

see this page where you can download the

iso so I'm just going to go ahead and

download it it usually takes couple of

minutes like depends on your internet

connection but let me check like 5 to 10

minutes the most so while VMware is

installing you can also go ahead and

download the iso okay I think it's done

downloading for me I'm just going to

check on my downloads okay so you should

see the server ISO in here when it's

done downloading so now we can open the

vmw workstation Pro it should added a

shortcut on our desktop so since we're

using personal use we can choose this

first option in here cuz we don't have a

license okay so it's pretty

straightforward The Next Step that

you're going to do is to create a new

virtual machine in here okay so just

click on next on that and for this just

select the I will install the operating

system later I have learned that if you

do it through here it doesn't really

work properly later when we set it up so

just skip that part and select this one

and then click on next and then select

Windows Server 2022 and here that's

going to be the server we're using so we

can keep the name in here and just click

on next and maximum this size would be

maybe it depends on the specs of your

computer but for me I'm just going to

put 20 in here for now I don't think I'm

going to need that much okay so click on

finish after and then you should see

that it created your virtual machine

machine Cas so these are the specs for

it so for now let's right click on it

and go to settings Okay now click on the

CD DVD SATA in here this is where we are

going to add the iso image click on

browse and go to your downloads and

click on the server ISO that we just

downloaded earlier click on okay okay

let's click on power on this virtual

machine so it's going to boot up the

virtual machine and just press any key

so after you pressed any key quickly

it's going to load the windows image

here so sometimes you're going to miss

this so if you missed pressing a key it

will show this and it won't load the iso

so what you will do is right click on

this and shut down the virtual machine

and start over so once it boots and you

see the message earlier where you have

to press a key you have to press it

really quickly to get into to this so it

will load the setup okay so once you get

this once you get this window click on

next and install now okay we are going

to choose the desktop experience standard

standard

evaluation because we want our server

with the gooy this one just has the

commands it doesn't have the gooey so

that's what we wanted click on next and

just accept click on accept here and

then do this custom install Microsoft

server and it'll just show show you the

drive allocation in here just make sure

that this is correct and just click on

next and just wait for it to [Music]

finish okay so just type in the password

that you want for

admin make sure to remember it and make

sure to type

something click on

finish and you should have your VM ready

with Windows

server 2022 okay so just log in with

your credentials here as admin and then

the next step will be to install active

directory tools on the server just to check

check

what server version we have you can do

the wiver command in here and it'll show

you the Windows server and version so we

have 21 H2 Windows Server

2022 also this is a free trial so it

only lasts for for 180 days and I think

that's around like 6 months so that's

plenty of time to play around and build

your active directory and Windows server

that you can practice with and put on

your resume and once this is this has

expired you can still build like another

one you can download another ISO but

you're going to have to build everything

from scratch okay so for the next step

we are installing active directory in

here so server manager will pop up right

away once you log in so open that and go

to the manage on the right hand side

here go to add roles and features click

on that and click on next and just

select the RO based installation in here

click next and you should select active

directory domain services this will pop

up and click on ADD features okay so if

there's other tools that you need like

remote access or hyperv go ahead and add

all of those so yes just make sure that

you have group policy management check

in there and it should be automatically

checked too when once you select active

directory in here so click next click

next here just keep clicking next and

keep uh hitting next in here now it's

just listing everything that you have

selected click on install and just wait

for it to finish the installation it's

going to let you know the progress in

here it might take a few minutes also so

just check on it but make sure to not

close this window during the

installation cuz we are going to do an

very important step after okay so once

it's finished you can see that this bar

is full you can click on this promote

This Server to a domain controller this

is very important to do after because we

are setting this up as our domain

controller because we are doing this

from scratch we don't have a domain

controller yet so click on that and it

it should show you this window and we

are going to add a new forest in here

and this is where you will be typing

your domain name for your active

directory in here I am going to call it

East charmer in Here Local always add

local because we are just doing the

local domain in here if you don't add

local it's going to show an error

message so add local and click on next

ke and select the most recent in here

that they have which is

2016 and just type in the password for

your domain something that you will

remember and click on next okay just

click on next until it finishes okay so

you would see the domain name it's going

to be what you typed in earlier keep

clicking on next next next and once it's

verified you will see in here if

everything is okay you should be able to

click on install down here okay so we

now passed the prerequisite check in

here so we can click on install and it

will take a few minutes for this to

finish okay so it has to reboot your

computer or server because it's going to

install the active directory tool so

just wait for that to finish okay now

that it's done we should be able to log

in now you can see that you're using the

domain you have the domain now which was

account okay so let's check if they were

installed so usually you can type it in

but you can also see it under the

windows admin tools here so you see all

the different tools that we installed

and we are going to do active directory

users and computers for this video this

is the very basic that we do on a daily

basis we do a lot in active directory so

this is going to be our activity for the

basic active directory setup for this

video so the goal in here is to set up

active directory from scratch which we

have done so the next steps would be to

create U or organizational units then

create user accounts and groups within

these U and I'm going to show you later

on how we use active directory on a

daily basis in the workplace so I'm

going to give you real world examples on

how we use active directory okay so just

a quick review if you are new to it and

active directory so when we say OU it

means organizational unit and it's like

a container which contains different

kinds of objects like users computers

servers groups and these objects are all

inside one organizational unit so it's

like a container or like a folder that

has all the different objects like files

for example when you think about a

Windows folder so it's basically the

same concept okay so let's open active

directory users and computers now okay

so as you can see you now have a domain

in here which is the local domain that

we named earlier and if you click on the

drop down in here you will see the

builtin use in here so these are use

this computer user so these are default

that is already included when you create

a domain Cas so first in our activity is

to create different ous which is USA

Europe and and Asia so what you will do

is to right click on the domain in here

and select new you will see

organizational unit in here and just

type in the name so click on USA in here

and it should show up so do the rest for

the other U okay so going back to the

activity earlier it says to create

groups within the ous and create users

on under the different groups so to

create a group in here actually let's

create I'm going to show you what it's

typically structured in the workplace so

usually under this geographical OU there

is another OU so you can put an OU

within an OU in here usually it's

categorized by different objects for

example you would like to put a computer

OU in here for all of the assets the

computer that you have then we can also

put the users cuz there's a they're a

different category for the groups or

container then we can add for example

servers in here just to make it simple

and do the rest for the other ous as

well okay once you finish that you can

see the different U you can also

minimize this so that it w't look

clutter especially if you are just going

to use USA in here so the next activity

would be to create different groups

under these Os or containers for example

for users typically in the workplace we

have different departments for our

company so same goes to how we structure

active directory you want to group them

into different group The users into

different departments as well so you can

create different groups under the users

for example you can click on new and

select group in here and for examp

example you can type in it in here and

as you can see in here there are

different options for group scope and

group type in here so I'm going to

discuss what the differences between

those options are and which one you

should select for the group that you're

creating okay so before we proceed if

you already know what the group scope

and group types are you can skip this

part where I explain everything and just

go ahead and watch the activity and lab

and Hands-On part keep so there's three

different options for the group scope we

have Universal Global and domain local

so this is the table that you can check

and typically we use the global because

this is usually the group that can be

used within the same domain for example

if I select the Global Group scope in

here this it group can be used under the

East charmer local domain so it can be

accessed by anything that's under this

East charmer local local so the

universal goes to different domains so

it has more access for example I have

two domains in here so for example

there's a domain in here aside from East

charmer so if I create the it group in

here it can be accessed under East

charmer domain and the other domain

that's outside East charmer so that's

Universal okay so now let's talk about

the group type we have two in here so we

do have the first type is the security

groups in here so the security groups

are used to assign permissions to Shared

resources and it also has two types in

here which is the user rights and you

can also assign permissions so this is

the group that you create if you want to

give permissions to Shared resources and

you can give and you can create a

security group that just assigns user

rights or assigns permission those are

two different kinds of or types that you

can do with security groups so explain

it better I have examples in here on the

user rights so user rights also has two

kinds it has built-in security groups or

Custom Security groups so built-in

security groups are the ones that are

default that's already included in

active directory that you don't have to

create because they are already there

for example domain admins domain admins

is just giving access to a user

basically to it's basically giving full

control or full access to a user like

being able to manage edit modify delete

anything from the domain so the main

admins is a built-in Security Group and

you don't have to create it because it's

already there I will show you later on

also another built-in Security Group is

the domain desktop user and this is

usually for the users who needs remote

access or those users that needs those

users that use remote desktop

applications to access different servers

remotely so that's also built in you

don't have to create it it's already

included in the windows tools the other

type of user right that you can create

as a security group is a Custom Security

Group which is the one that you can

create based on the rights that you want

to give to the user so this is something

that you can create and modify depending

on your preferences or the needs of the

users so for example this is this can be

done through like different departments

because in every company there's

different departments like finance

department HR department it department

so if you want to customize a right

based on the department you can create a

Custom Security Group that wasn't a

builtin or wasn't already included

because this is more for what your

company needs so you can create a

security group for the finance

department that can access or give

rights to the financial data or

application and can do the same for the

HR department so that's one type of user

right that you can create through

security group so there's also another

kind which is giving permissions for

shared resources so this is different

from the user rights so user rights to

make it simple is something that user

can do and for the permissions what the

user can get into or what the user can

access so there's like different kinds

of access that is available for a user

there's a full control there's a modify

there's re only so it really depends on

what kind of access you're giving them

so for example you can give file and

folder permissions the shared file and

folder permissions different access also

by department for example you want the

finance department to be able to access

the finance folders and you can also

have other departments to have access to

the finance folder but maybe only read

mode or read only because they can't

make any changes like the HR for example

they just can view stuff but they can't

can't add or edit so that's something

that you can do through security groups

as well okay so as mentioned earlier

there's two types of groups there's the

security group and the distribution

group so drro distribution group or the

drro list as we call it in the workplace

it's not giving access or giving

permissions this is usually used for

email distribution list to send emails

to collections or groups of people so

this is an email list where we give user

membership on what email list they can

receive for example these are example of

distribution groups that we usually use

in the workplace so there's a group that

is called all employees which is an

email list that all the employees in the

company gets and sometimes we can also

categorize this or group this by

department so for example we have a

finance or it or HR drro Group we of

course there's emails that we just want

the finance department to receive same

with the HR department so we can also

group it through that distribution group

and can be also role based depending on

what role they have like manager

executive admins so if you know the

different group scope and group type

that is really important when you're

creating groups so you would know what

they're going to be used for so for

example we have the it group that is

created in here it's going to be a

security group because it's going to

give user rights to only the it

departments for examples so let's go

ahead and create that group for example

you want another group and it's a

security group I'm just going to create

another group which is going to be

called uh DL which is short for

distribution list or drro list because

it's going to be uh a distribution group so

dlit admins for example it admins

because this is going to be an email

that will be received by of the it

professionals or IT staff so I'm just

going to change this to distribution

because we want this as an email list

key so that's another group that you can

create all right so that's how you

create groups now you can just go ahead

and create different users here add

different people so same step just click

a new create user just type in the full

name for example

East fmer and then just create a log on

name typically we don't do this manually

there's a script that is that is ran

when we create new users especially when

we onboard new employees I'm just

showing you this so you can create your

home lab to practice on so this is what

we do we just type in a password for that

that

user okay and then this one depends on

your comedy policies too so just click

on next and you will see each charmer

has been added as a user so you can go

ahead and do this to all the other OU

that you have or your lab so when you

start working as an IT professional in a

company most of the time or 100% of the

time active directory and Windows server

is already set up so you don't have to

build it from scratch so it's already

there there's already a structure for

everything so you don't need to be

creating users typically we don't really

okay so I have here a more detailed

activity for you guys to try so this is

just a list of what you can do for this

act for this activity okay so I think

that's it for the most basic task that

you can do and for the most basic

activities that you can do in active

directory users and computers so this is

only the first part and the first video

of the series of Home Labs that I'm

going to be sharing with you so at least

now you have a Windows server that you

can use to play around with the

different tools and you have installed

active directory so now you can practice

your active directory skills that you

can also put on your resume and I hope

you guys learned something from today's

video thank you so much for watching and

I hope to see you guys in the next one [Music]

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YouTube Transcript:Installing Active Directory on Windows Server on Virtual Machine (Home Lab) (Ep. 1)