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25 2 White South Goes Republican

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so carter won a close victory in the

november election with large majorities

in congress

and he promptly put his peanut farm into

a blind trust to avoid

any possible conflict of interest so no

one would think

that they could you know get a favor out

of him by buying a bunch of peanuts

because he had no direct knowledge of

what was going on there and didn't

directly benefit

so democrats hoped that carter would

expand the new deal programs

or the great society programs but carter

was more moderate

organized labor felt abandoned by carter

and his conservatism after he declined

to lobby aggressively for modest labor

law reforms the president offered only

tepid support for a national health

insurance policy

which failed his lackluster support for

the humphrey hawkins full employment and

training act let republican and

democratic conservatives water down the bill

bill

to a purely symbolic gesture and at the

same time carter also came under fire

from the religious right which is a bit

unusual because he's a baptist sunday

school teacher

christian conservatives felt themselves

under siege from

liberalism that it was challenging all

of these kind of conservative ways of life

life

in 1978 the internal revenue service the

irs had established new rules revoking

the tax-exempt status

of racially segregated private christian schools

schools

and these rules only strengthened a

policy instituted by the nixon administration

administration

but the religious right accused carter

of singling out christian institutions

so carter is a christian himself that's

not what this is about

but it's a way to fight these policies

that are forcing

white southerners especially to

integrate their schools

by claiming it's a religious issue and

it's not really about race which kind of

makes it safer on the national level

republican activist richard vigary

described the irs controversy as the

quote spark that ignited the religious

rights involvement in real politics

rey sat just below the surface of this irs

irs

fight many of these private schools had

been founded to circumvent court-ordered

desegregation of public schools

if the white community couldn't

segregate public schools they would pull public

public

funding for schools and open private

white only schools instead

the so-called segregation academies and

because of this

several school districts counties even

whole cities were without public school systems

systems

sometimes for six to ten years during

this fight

over integrated public education

carter's enforcement of nixon statute

threatened the tax-exempt status of the

segregation academy so they claimed

this was a religious issue because

they're christian schools and they don't

want to admit that they're segregation

academies and the whole point has been

to keep black students out of their schools

schools

the new right criticized the ruling as a

big government attack on conservative

christians again

civil rights will be seen as this big

government threat how dare big

government make us treat everyone equally

equally

and they downplayed the racial exclusion

that lay at the heart of the case even

though the case was all about

racism carter became president in the

midst of an economic turmoil caused by those

those

oil shocks inflation stagnant growth unemployment

unemployment

and sinking wages so we've got those oil

shocks that have

seriously damaged the american economy

at the same time those nations that

hadn't been as competitive after world war

war

ii are now starting to compete with the

united states again and so

it were just not as competitive as as

the nation was

at the end of world war ii by 1970 the

us began to run massive trade deficits

the value of american exports dropped

while the price of its imports skyrocketed

skyrocketed

the massive cost of the vietnam war

which was largely put on a credit card

and the rise of opec didn't help so the

result of all of this is that carter

like ford before him

had to deal with the simultaneous onset

of inflation

and economic stagnation so we call this stagflation

stagflation

so inflation means that things are

costing more money so your money is

actually worth less

and economic stagnation means basically

the economy is not growing

things aren't getting better and

anything you do that will help one of

these problems will make the other one

worse unemployment reached 7.8 percent

in may of 1980

up from 6 and 77 and remember we want

unemployment to be between five and six

percent anything more than that we start

to get very nervous anything over seven

we're talking recession

inflation the rate at which the cost of

goods and services increases jumped from

six percent in 1978 to a staggering

20 by the winter of 1980. so that would

mean that if you had gone to buy

groceries you know a year before and you

went back in december about the exact

same number of groceries and types of things

things

it would cost you twenty percent more

but your paycheck is not twenty percent bigger

bigger

in fact because of economic stagnation

it's actually worth even less than that

so this is going to squeeze the american

family really tightly

carter responded to these challenges in

fundamentally conservative ways which is

really going to frustrate democrats who

would have preferred having a

stronger liberal in office first carter

proposed and got a tax cut for the upper

middle class in 1978

and taxes were still pretty high so that

could be considered

you know in line with democratic

policies second

carter deregulated the airline and

trucking industries which seems pretty

conservative today

and third carter proposed balancing the

federal budget much to dismay of

liberals who would have preferred that

he used deficit spending to fund a new

new deal so balancing the federal budget

that was hoover's idea

during the great depression that if you

could balance the federal budget that it would

would

you know spur confidence in the economy

finally to halt inflation carter appointed

appointed

chair of the federal reserve paul

volcker who raised interest rates

and tightened the money supply now that

is going to slow down the growth of the

economy and we already have economic

stagnation so we're going to make that worse

worse

but those policies were designed to

reduce inflation in the long run

but because they're going to make the

economy worse in the short run they're

going to increase unemployment so it is

tough medicine but it's basically the

only thing we know to do with stagflation

stagflation

we still don't have a good solution for

that economic problem

but if you take this hard medicine after

a couple of years it will begin to turn around

around

in a nationally televised speech on

energy policy on july 15

1979 carter discussed a crisis of

confidence in the united states

now oddly enough his speech has come to

be known as the malaise

speech even though he never uses that

word in the speech

he sidesteps deeper questions of

large-scale economic changes that are actually

actually

causing the economic problems the nation

was seeing

in 1976 carter had touted the misery

index the addition of the unemployment

rate to the inflation rate as an

indictment of republican rule

and yet carter was failing to do any

better against stagflation it's a tough

problem to fix so it's easy to blame the

person in the white house for it

it's much harder once you are the person

in the white house to fix

it so take a moment and go listen to

carter's short malay speech he

his background as a sunday school

teacher will surely come through

and then move on to the final clip of

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YouTube Transcript:
25 2 White South Goes Republican