YouTube Transcript:
Physiological Response to Stress Live Lecture

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hello hi okay

so um i have another content area that i

want to lecture on today

um so thank you for watching this um

let me see we are going to be talking

more about stress

so the next thing we need for stress

is we need to discuss conflicts this is

when you're forced to make a choice

between at least two incompatible alternatives

we're going to talk about three basic types

types

of conflicts and i'm not going to go

over the details right now instead i'm

going to create a discussion board

lecture where you all can participate

and i will

confirm what the correct information is

here in regard to these conflicts

approach approach 2 is going to be avoidance

avoidance avoidance

and three is going to be approach

okay uh so we'll talk about those more

where you guys look up what they are and

i give you all some notes through the

discussion board

um there's gonna be one of these that's

the hardest

um there's gonna be different strategies

for dealing with these kind of conflicts

um know that approach avoidance is going

to be

the first choice within

one option um so it's a little bit uh

confusing there

in that approach approach and avoidance

avoidance are being forced

choices between

two options and this one force

choice between

two options so you may

like hear a situation where one option

is good

and one option is bad and you're gonna

automatically think oh that's approach

avoidance that's good and bad

but no that's not a conflict if you have

two different options and one's good and

one's bad you pick the good one every

single time

that's not a conflict so that's not

going to be labeled a conflict that's

why approach avoidance is when it's

one option you know do you want to take

that job or not take that job

it involves a high salary but it also

involves moving away and leaving your

family there's good and there's bad in

that one situation you've got to decide

am i going to take the good with the i'm

going to take the bad with the good

um and we come up with a strategy for

deciding this and for handling this for

resolving it

but that's a conflict do i want to

accept that one thing

uh the other two it's okay you've got a

good choice and another good choice how

do i decide

you got a bad choice another bad choice

how do i decide

um these are the difficult decisions in

life and so i'll have you all come up

with examples and explain them and come

up with strategies

for solving them um we talked about

before i think in one of my other lectures

lectures

we have this tendency to want life to be

easy we talked about that mario thing right

right

that we want life if it was like our

game if our life was a game we want it

to be like this flat

land that we walk to and there's the

flag there's what we want there's our

dream there's our goal i mean it's

watching we can get it we want it to be easy

easy

and that's just somehow what we want but

if we were playing an actual video game

we wouldn't want that

we want like the pit with the water in

it where you jump in a boat and you have

to fight a storm and fight the

you know monsters in the ocean and then

you gotta climb up a mountain and then

you have these little koopa troopas and

then we have

bowser and then we have all this stuff

and finally we get to the end

and that's a rich video game that's fun

that's exciting

that should be how we want life to be

but somehow we think we want it easy we

don't really want easy it would be so

depressing and so boring and it would

just not be rich at all wouldn't it be

life we and we wouldn't be human anymore

we would just be robots obviously

picking the good decision and having the

easy outcome and everything

so i want you all to see this is where

we find that these conflicts

these difficult conflicts are what make life

life

fascinating and rich and exciting and enjoyable

enjoyable

okay so again viewing stressful situations

situations

um i hope that one day you all get to a

point that

even when life is falling apart you can

stop and you can think

oh my gosh my life is so rich right now

and i'm alive

like this is what it means to truly live

um and it just

it can give you some peace and some

stability even in the roughest battles

or the more important the decisions the

more stress

a person will experience

i'll be able to keep that in mind okay

let's move on to the

actual physiological

response stress response

first let's talk about in general then

let's talk about in detail in general

we're going to talk about general adaptation

adaptation

syndrome this to me

is super easy because it's just generally

generally

how do we respond to stress well first

we freak out

we go into alarm arousal is going to be high

high

the sympathetic

or flight or fight

or freeze or tend or befriend

all those things oh this is where we do

get to learn about it

okay so um it's important to say

was adaptive and necessary

for early human survival

in modern society though it occurs as a

response to ongoing situations where we often

often

cannot fight or flee this repeated

arousal can be detrimental to our health

it occurs as a response

to ongoing situations where we often

cannot fight or flee

so we talked about with evolutionary

psychology i think that we're working with

with

outdated software it's like these are

the things that helped our

ancestors survive long enough so that

they could partner up and reproduce and

therefore pass on

their genetics so the things that helped

them survive

ended up passing you know those were the

genetics that got passed down

that's the the software that we're

working with but

that software aided their survival in

their world

not in our world it we're always one

step behind it's like we need to update

but we can't update there's not a

software update

um our kids and their kids and their kids

kids

maybe they'll have the software that

would have helped us survive because

it's the people that survive you know

we're the ones that pass it down um so

our software

is always uh behind

old outdated

so we have to watch and think hey i'm

having this very uh

you know physiological response and it's

a survival response but it's not truly

aiding my survival right now so

you know we think about uh you have a

bad boss

and they're like really mean to you and

they put you down

can you go in there and punch that boss

in the face can you fight them

can you run away and never return

you can't really fight or flee

you can't you gotta just suck it up and

somehow come up with a way to make it through

through

but our basic response if we we cannot

actually take it the response that we

want to take and the response that our

ancestors took

um you know you can't flee from the job

because you need the money in order to survive

survive

um so we find that our software is outdated

outdated

um we do hear that this idea of tend or befriend

befriend

um being recognized now that women tend

to tend or befriend

and men choose fight or flight

and so when women are in times of stress

what they do

is they take care of themselves and they

take care of their children

and they form strong social bonds with

others they connect connect connect

we find that you know osceotocin i said

it was a stress hormone it's something

you learn in that ted talk

um we have hormones release stream stress

stress

and oxytocin is one of them

we find that women

females have higher levels

of estrogen

and the estrogen enhances

oxytocin it makes sense that when a

woman is stressed she wants to reach out

she has more

oxytocin so she's going to want to go

talk to someone about her emotions she's

going to seek help she's going to seek

human connection and when she does that

she releases more oxytocin which

regenerates her heart

and shuts down the stress response so we

wonder why

women tend to live longer well i think a

big part of it is men suffer from

cardiovascular disease

and probably part of it has to do with

chronic stress

and probably part of that is the fact

that they have less

oxytocin than a woman has they have more testosterone

of testosterone during stress and

this is going to reduce the effects

of oxytocin

so what we find is that the men in the

room may not

feel like they need to reach out when

they're stressed they may

also think so biologically they don't

feel that strong

but socially they've been programmed to

think man up

be a man suck it up don't cry men don't cry

cry

there's for generations been all this

pressure on men to not feel their

emotions to not react emotionally

to not be stressed to be the rock for a

family and never show weakness

um that's what it means to be a man and

so not only physical

physiologically are they kind of like i

don't really want to reach out as much

um but socially they've been programmed

to think don't reach out

we need to fight that men need to think

when you're stressed

reach out for help you are not alone you

are loved and the best thing that you

can do for the situation

is reach out and talk to someone and

connect with those people that love you

uh and so it's just something you're

gonna have to remind yourself it's

almost like you know cbt in a way you're

trying to reprocess the way that you think

think

in these stressful situations okay so

this is like the first step has to do

with all of this alarm and if we were to

draw it out

the general general adapt at adaptation syndrome

syndrome

we would go like this and we put stress

resistance over here

we go down here and this is going to be

like you know progression of time

and we are going to break it down into

three stages the first

is alarm the second is resistance

and the third is exhaustion and so we

find that something

happens uh our stress resistance goes

down because we freak out this is new

that i don't know what to do i don't

have any resources what am i gonna do

what am i gonna do

and then all of a sudden we start

tapping into those resources and we come

up with a plan and we think we're gonna

fight it

i think the resistance i think about

like star wars and stuff

the fighters we are going to fight

against this but we can only stay

there for so long until we burn out we

go into his job

exhaustion so you can see how this is

just a general

kind of way of understanding the stress response

response

uh so the second step what i just said

was resistance

resistance is if stress continues the

body is going to

rebound to a phase of increased

resistance uh physiological arousal is

you have this outpouring of stress hormones

think about cortisol we're going to talk

people use a variety of coping methods

you know if all of a sudden you think

you're going to lose your job well i'm

not going to lose my job freak out freak

out for you

okay but now okay i'm going to i'm not

going to sleep i'm going to sacrifice in

my sleep i'm sacrificing my family time

i'm going to stay here i'm going to

prove that i'm a valuable asset to the team

team

i'm not going to lose my job i'm going

to stay in one fight but eventually you

can't fight anymore and you go into exhaustion

exhaustion

your body's resistance can only last so long

so right now sometimes students are

going into fight mode

they're fighting they're working harder

they're not sleeping they're studying

they're trying to do quizzes and exams

and they study sage to try to recover

their grade and then they show up finals

week and everyone's sick

it's it's what always happens uh just

because the general way we deal with stress

stress

uh we push ourselves too far and then we

break resistance can only last so long

before exhaustion sets in

to serious illness and we get those

outcomes of this phase

we get uh uh diseases of adaptation

asthma ulcers high blood pressure i

talked about that in another video

um so sometimes we wonder why on earth

does the uh immune system

eventually shut down because when we

first get stressed

the immune system goes into hyperdrive

but then all of a sudden it stops

and so it's why why does it stop and one

of the arguments that i've heard and i

post a video on this that's not by me

that's by someone else

is that if you keep your immune system uh

activated too much for too long your

body always has your back and it's

always trying to bring us back to a

level of homeostasis

and it's thinking this is too activated

the immune system has been active for

too long we must be developing

an autoimmune disorder like arthritis or

these different disorders where the

immune system is too strong it's

fighting against the body itself kind of thing

thing

um and so we think oh my gosh autoimmune

disorder the body thinks that

shut down the stress response it's been

activated too long

and so then all of a sudden this the

immune system sorry shut down the immune

system it's been activated too long so

then we don't have any kind of immune system

system

it shuts itself down it's kind of like

darn it body

now the detail stress response we're

almost there i have eight minutes to go

in detail you don't need to write that okay

okay

detail first the cerebral cortex

is going to interpret a stressor

we know that this is a part of the brain

that makes us us you know cortex means

bark if you all see a picture of a

little dog

barking on the uh on the exam you know

that i'm talking about the cerebral

cortex it's the fanciest part of the

brain it's that outer fancy layer that

makes us

incredible so our cerebral cortex us

that's kind of almost where we are

we interpret the stressor the next thing

that happens is

y'all what's the master of the uh

endocrine system pituitary gland

okay and what's the master of the

pituitary gland the

hippocampus or hypothalamus you got it

there remember the hippocampus is like

an elephant that has to do the memory

you got it good the hypothalamus is

going to be the master of that endocrine

system so the hypothalamus this is a

test question on its m2

activates our sam system

the sam system is the first part of our

stress response

and then the hpa

axis the second part of our stress

response they work together to increase

arousal and energy levels to deal with stress

stress

so let's break this down the first one

the sam system

what does sam stand for if you know what

sam stands for gives you the answer to a

lot of stuff

uh for these questions sympatho adrino medjulari

now what does and i guess i won't write

that yet

okay so we're just dealing with the sam

system sympatho adreno

medullary we are going to talk about the

adrenal glands the adrenal glands sit on

the kidneys like little santa claus hats

that's in that lecture that uh that lady

gives that i posted for you guys i think

it's so cute

i always think now i look at the kidneys

those little adrenal glands are sitting

like little santa claus hats

um and so the adrenal glands are what

we're interested in here they're part of

the endocrine system

but the part of the adrenal gland that's

that's used in the sam system doesn't

act like a true

endocrine gland it acts more like the

sympathetic nervous system

so think sympathetic is fast responding

it's going to be the first thing that's

if someone jumps up behind you you're

going to get scared that sympathetic

nervous system is going to engage

rapid acting

stress response involving the

the sympathetic nervous system

stimulates the adrenal medulla which is

going to release norepinephrine and

epinephrine so the medulla or the

how do other people say medulla i see

him do a lot uh the medulla is think

about just like with the brain

um it was like more of the inner part of

the brain

it wasn't well something's happening

but y'all can still hear me

technology issues today can you also

yeah we can hear you okay and

disconnected but somehow it didn't

okay uh sympathetic nervous system and

the adrenal medulla so the medulla is

the inner part

uh whereas the cortex is that outer bark

so we're gonna talk about the adrenal

cortex versus the adrenal medulla the

medulla is the inner part

it acts more like a sympathetic kind of

response and it's going to release

this you can basically think sometimes

they call it just adrenaline and

noradrenaline like it's the same thing adrenaline

adrenaline

nor adrenaline these are confusing

um but it releases that and so we know

like epinephrine and we know adrenaline

like you get a shot of adrenaline you

have all this energy

or you think about somebody who's like

dying and they shoot them with an epi pen

pen

um or they're having an allergic

reaction they shoot them with an epipen

to jump start the system

so this is fast acting and we're going

to see heart rate increases as does

blood pressure respiration and muscle tension

tension

heart rate blood pressure respiration

we're going to see digestion on the

digestion decreases there's a brain gut connection

connection

it's really strong um you know maybe

uh it shuts down and then the colon

starts to spasm so somebody gets really

stressed and they have to go to the

bathroom or maybe they can't go to the

bathroom so you end up with constipation

and diarrhea issues

because of stress there's this really strong

strong

connection there because we don't need

when we're combating something

we don't need digestion that's wasted

energy so it's like get everything out

of here so that we don't do that

or just shut everything down and keep

everything inside it's like get in or

get out

and we're done with digestion we have

more important things going on

get that heart pumping get the person

breathing get their muscles active get

them energized with oxygenated blood

um so the activation is going to

eventually be shut down once the

stressors are removed

but we see that the key things i need

you all to know

uh rapid acting stress response

sympathetic nervous system the adrenal medulla

medulla

releases norepinephrine and epinephrine

now the other

part of our stress response the hpa axis

we're almost done

this stands for hypothalamic pituitary

adrenocortical

your answer is in that

we now know we're talking about ah the

pituitary means making more endocrine system

system

uh not so much sympathetic system and so

it's going to be slower

and then i think oh the cortex that's

going to release cortisol cortisol looks

so much like cortical

or you know these uh what are they uh glucocorticoids

glucocorticoids

um and so it all the answers are all

there in the

uh real word for hpa axis okay so this

is our body's

delayed stress response

i don't need to write it out the

pituitary gland and the adrenal cortex

so the pituitary glands would activate

that one that you see on all the

commercials do you have a belly fat and

it could be cortisol causing it

uh cortisol a lot of people know this is

stress hormone

and so cortisol is going to increase metabolism

metabolism

leading to increased energy

once the stress has been removed the

rising levels of cortisol signal the

brain to shut down the fight-or-flight

response of the sam system while other hpa

hpa

chemical resp uh message messages are

sent to the pituitary gland to restore

the body to its baseline state of homeostasis

homeostasis

so after all of this we get back to homeostasis

homeostasis

to maintain a relatively balanced

and stable internal state

such as a constant internal

temperature think about

uh home

your home is your secure base where it

should be

balanced and things are stable that's

your dream home

and so students have said home homeo is

where i stasis

um you want to always go back to this

baseline level of functioning go back home

home

get out of all of that and go back home

it's going to be okay

okay so that sounds complicated there

are a lot

of questions on this on the exam but

like i said with

the sam system we need the initial rapid

acting we need sympathetic nervous

system we need the adrenal medulla we need

need

epinephrine norepinephrine with hpa axis

we need um the pituitary gland

uh the adrenal cortex glucocorticoids

including cortisol

and this is our delayed stress response

so i want you all to know the difference

between those two

um and you'll you'll practice that on

the quizzes once you get to that section

okay that is everything for stress we

did it and thank you guys for being

understanding and sticking

around longer i'm going to go ahead and

stop this recording and then say goodbye

to everyone

but bye to everyone that's watching this

later message me if you have any questions

questions goodbye

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YouTube Transcript:
Physiological Response to Stress Live Lecture