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Enforcement of International Law - International Law | CSS/PMS/UPSC | CSS Maverick | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: Enforcement of International Law - International Law | CSS/PMS/UPSC
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Video Transcript
Welcome to our next lecture of
international law this is the continuity
of our lecture series and the next topic
which we are going to unfold today is
enforcement of international law first
we will be discussing its outline then
we will move on into further details of
each headings
so coming over to the outline of our
today's topic our outline includes
definition of introduction in which we
will be discussing definition of
enforcement of international law the
importance of enforcing international
law for maintaining peace and Security
in International Community then the
means of enforcing international law
which are diplomatic action we will be
covering the definition and example of
diplomatic action their role in
enforcing international law then we will
move on towards International courts and
tribunals in this we will also discuss
definitions and example of international
course entrepreneurs also the roles of
international course and tribunals in
enforcing international law then we will
be moving towards collective security
its definition and examples its role in
enforcing international law then
economic and bread sanctions its
definition and example then the role of
economic Android sanctions in enforcing
international law then we'll be moving
towards military force its definition
and example then the limitation of using
it military force to enforce
international law and last mean which is
international organization and non-stat
actors their definition and examples
also their role in enforcing
international law at the end we will be
concluding our topic now coming over to
the introduction part first of all the
definition of enforcement of
international law enforcement of
international law refers to the
mechanism and actions taken to ensure
that countries and other actors comply
with their International legal
obligations it involves the use of
various methods such as diplomacy
International courts economic sanctions
military force and international
organization to enforce international
law enforcement of international law
refer to the mechanism and processes
used to ensure compliance with
International legal norms and rules
international law is enforced through a
variety of means such as diplomatic
action International courts and
tribunals collective security economic
and trade sanctions military force
international organization and non-stack
actors now coming over to the importance
of enforcing international law for
maintaining peace and Security in the
International Community enforcing
international law is essential for
maintaining peace and Security in the
International Community it helps to
prevent conflicts and dispute between
countries ensures respect for human
rights and promote cooperation and
collaboration between nations now coming
over to our first mean of enforcing
international law which is diplomatic
action definition an example of
diplomatic action diplomatic action
involves using negotiation discussions
and other forms of communication between
countries to resolve dispute and
conflicts examples of a diplomatic
action includes peaceful mediation
negotiation and arbitration diplomatic
action is one of the most common way to
enforce international law this can
include diplomatic protests the
mortgages and the use of good offices to
resolve dispute between States now there
are few samples such as negotiation and
signing International treaty such as the
Paris agreement on climate change
diplomatic action involves negotiation
and signing International treaties
between Nation to promote cooperation
and collaboration on global issues the
Paris agreement on climate change is an
example of diplomatic action taken by
multiple Nation to combat climate change
by reducing greenhouse gas emissions
second is engaging in diplomatic talks
and negotiation to resolve conflicts
such as the Iran nuclear deal
negotiations diplomatic action can also
involve engaging in talks and
negotiation to resolve conflicts and
disagreements between nations the Iran
nuclear deal negotiation were an example
of diplomatic action taken by multiple
Nation to prevent Iran from developing
nuclear weapons now the third example is
from Pakistan Pakistan's diplomatic
action to address India's revocation of
Jammu and kashmir's special status in
2019 India revolved the special status
of Jammu and Kashmir a disputed region
claimed by both India and Pakistan
Pakistan immediately sought the
intervention of the International
Community and engaged in diplomatic
action to raise the issue at various
International forums including the
United Nations Pakistan's diplomatic
effort aimed to highlight India's
violation of international law and the
need for the International Community to
intervene to resolve the dispute now
coming over to the role of diplomatic
action in enforcing international law
diplomatic action plays a crucial role
in enforcing international law it helps
to prevent conflict from escalating into
armed conflicts and can facilitate the
peaceful resolution of disputes
diplomatic action also allows countries
to cooperate and work towards common
goals promoting International Peace and
security now coming over to the second
mean which is international courts and
tribunals definition and examples of
International courts and tribunals
international courts and tribunals are
judicial bodies established to to
adjudicate disputes between countries or
other actors examples of International
courts and tribunals include the
international court of justice the
international criminal court and the
World Trade organizations now there are
a few examples in which the first one is
the international court of justice
issuing a ruling on a maritime dispute
between Chile and Peru International
courts and tribunals such as
International court of justice are
established to settle dispute between
nation in accordance with international
law in this example the international
court of justice resolved a maritime
dispute between Chile and Peru in a
peaceful and legal manner then the
second example is the international
criminal court investigating and
Prosecuting war crimes in the conflict
in Darfur Surah International courts and
tribunals can also investigate and
prosecute individual for crimes
committed against international law
international criminal court
investigated and prosecuted individuals
for war crimes committed during the
conference click in therefore so down
and the third example is from Pakistan
specifically International court of
justice ruling on television yadav case
and its implications in 2019 the
international court of justice ruled in
favor of India in case brought against
Pakistan concerning the treatment of an
Indian national television yadav who was
sentenced to death by Pakistani military
court on charges of Espionage
International court of justice found
that Pakistan has violated the jadev's
right under the winner convention on
councilor relations and ordered Pakistan
to provide him with counselor access and
review his conviction now coming over to
the role of international courts and
tribunals in enforcing international law
international courts and tribunals play
a critical role in enforcing
international law by providing a neutral
forum for the resolution of disputes
they help to ensure that countries and
other actors comply with their
International legal obligations by
issuing legal binding judgments and
decisions now coming over to another
mean of enforcing international law
which is collective security definition
an example of collective security
mechanisms the elective security
mechanisms involve the cooperation of
countries to prevent and respond to the
threat of international space and
security examples of collective security
mechanism include the United Nations
security Council the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization NATO and the
regional security organizations now
coming over the example which is the
United Nations security Council
authorizing the use of force to protect
civilians in Libya in 2011. collective
security involves the use of force by a
group of nation to protect the security
of one or more nations in this example
the U.N security Council authorized the
use of force to protect civilians in
Libya from violence and conflict now
coming over to the second example which
is the Neto conducting air strikes
against Yugoslavia to hold the conflict
in Kosovo in 1999 NATO conducted
airstrike against the Yugoslavia to
prevent human rights abuses encosov and
to bring an end to the conflict now
third example which is pertinent to
Pakistan Pakistan's participation in
Shanghai Corporation organizations joint
military exercise for regional security
and cooperations Pakistan is a member of
the Shanghai Corporation organization
sco original organization that promotes
security and economic cooperation among
its member states in 2020 the SEO held a
joint military exercise peace Mission
2020 which involved troops from Pakistan
China Russia and other member states
exercise aimed to enhance the collective
security of the region and strengthen
the capacity of member states to respond
to threats to peace and security now
coming over to the role of collective
security in enforcing international law
collective security plays a vital role
in enforcing international law by
providing a framework for countries to
work together to prevent conflicts and
respond to threats to International
Peace and security collective security
mechanism can also authorize the use of
military force to enforce international
law if necessary now the next is
economic and trade sanctions coming over
to the definition and examples of
Economic and trade sanctions economic
and rare sanctions involve the use of
economic pressure such as trade
restrictions and financial sanctions to
influence the behavior of country or
other actors now there are few examples
such as the United States imposing
economic sanctions on Russia in response
to its annexation of Crimea economic and
trade sanctions involve restricting
economic activities and trade with a
nation to encourage compliance with
international law in this example the
U.S imposed sanctions on Russia in
response to its annexation of Crimea as
a where to pressure Russia to respect
Ukraine's sovereignty second example is
the United Nations security Council
imposing trade sanctions on Iraq in 1990
to compel it to comply with disarmament
obligation the U.N security Council
imposed Fair sanction on Iraq to compel
it to comply with international law by
disarming its weapon of mass destruction
now the third example is from Pakistan
which is Pakistan's response to fit of
gray list for combating terrorism
financing in 2018 Pakistan was placed on
the financial action task force realist
due to allegations of supporting
terrorist groups as a result Pakistan
faced restriction on its access to
International financial markets and was
under pressure to take measure Against
The Crusade group operating within its
territory now coming over to the role of
Economic and trade sanction in enforcing
international law economic and trade
sanction can be an ineffective tool for
enforcing international law by
pressuring countries or other actors to
comply with their International legal
obligations they can also be used to
debtor countries for engaging in
activities that violate international
law now coming over to military force
which is one of the mean of enforcing
international law definition and exam
couple of use of military force to
enforce international law the use of
military force to enforce international
law involves the use of military action
such as peacekeeping missions or
military intervention to enforce
International legal obligations now
coming over to different examples first
of all the United States and its allies
conducting air strikes against Isis in
Iraq and Syria to degrade its military
capabilities the use of military force
involves use using military power to
achieve a particular objective in this
example the U.S and its allies used
airstrike to degrade the military
capability of Isis in Iraq and Syria the
next is the United States leading a
coalition to invade Iraq in 2003 to
remove Saddam Hussein from Power the use
of mutual force can also involve a
full-scale military intervention as in
the case of U.S led invasion of Iraq in
2003 which aimed to remove Saddam
Hussein from power now the third example
is from Pakistan in which Pakistan India
conflict Pakistan use of military force
in the distributed region of Kashmir
Pakistan has Used military force to
enforce international law in various
conflicts including its ongoing conflict
with India over the disputed region of
Kashmir in February 2019 Pakistan shot
down two Indian fighter jets that has
crossed into Pakistani airspace leading
to a brief military escalation between
the two countries now coming over to the
limitation of using military force to
enforce international law while military
force can be an effective tool for
enforcing international law it also has
significant limitations the use of
military force can be costly both in
terms of human life and economic
resources it can also lead to unintended
consequences such as civilian casualties
and the destabilization of countries or
regions therefore the use of military
force to enforce international law
should be a lost Resort and only used
when all other mergers have been
exhausted now coming over to the last
mean of enforcing international law
which is in National Organization and
non-state actors definition an example
of international organization and known
State actors International Organization
are intergovernmental bodies established
to promote cooperation and collaboration
between countries example of
international organization include the
United Nation the World Health
Organization and the international
monetary fund known State actors refer
to entities that are not governments but
still have a significant impact on
International Affairs such as
multinational corporation and
non-governmental organization now coming
over to few examples in which first one
is the World Health Organization
conducting a global response to the
covid-19 pandemic International
Organization such as the who play a
critical role in coordinating and
responding to Global Health emergencies
during the covid-19 pandemic The Who
coordinated a global response to the
virus including providing technical
guidance and support to countries second
is the Human Rights Watch educating for
the protecting of Rights of refugees and
migrants at International level non-stat
actors such as ngos can also play a
crucial role in promoting the
enforcement of international law
particularly in the area of human rights
for example Human Rights Watch is an
international non-governmental
organization that advocates for the
protection of Human Rights around the
world in the context of refugees and
migrants Human Rights Watch has been
actively advocating for the protection
of their rights at International level
now the third example is from Pakistan
which is Pakistan's participation in U.N
LED peacekeeping Mission and cooperation
with International organizations
Pakistan is a member of United Nation
and has actively participated in various
U.N LED peacekeeping missions including
in Liberia and Democratic Republic of
Congo Pakistan has also cooperated with
International Organization such as
International atomic energy agency to
ensure the safe and peaceful use of
nuclear technology now coming over to
the role of international organization
and non-state actors in enforcing
international law international
organization and non-state actors can
play a crucial role in enforcing
international law that can advocate for
the implementation and enforcement of
international legal obligations provide
technical assistance to countries and
monitor compliance with international
law ngos can also engage in public
awareness campaigns and legal advocacy
to promote the enforcement of
international law with this I come over
to the conclusion part enforcement of
international law is crucial for
maintaining peace and Security in
International Community various
mechanisms are used to enforce
international law including diplomatic
action International Court entrepreneurs
collective security economic and trade
sanctions military force and the
involvement of international
organization and non-state actors
diplomatic action play a significant
role in enforcing international law by
creating awareness about violation and
Rising concern among the International
Community International course and
tribunals provide a platform for the
peaceful settlement of disputes between
states collective security mechanism
help in preventing and resolving
conflicts by involving International
organizations and member states economic
and trade sanction can also be imposed
to enforce international law the use of
military force however has limitation
and should be used only in extreme cases
the involvement of international
organization and non-state actors can
also contribute to the enforcement of
international law overall the effective
enforcement of international law is
essential for maintaining peace and
Security in the world now with this I
come over to the end of my today's topic
so you can subscribe and stay tuned if
you have any query you can ask in
comments thank you for watching this
video on enforcing of international law
and we hope this video has provided you
with the valuable insight into the
today's topic and we encourage you to
continue learning more about the
fascinating and complex topics thank you
again for watching and we will see you
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