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English Explanation of A Living God | ISC Class 11 Prism Textbook | English with Sudhir Sir | SWS | Study with Sudhir | YouTubeToText
YouTube Transcript: English Explanation of A Living God | ISC Class 11 Prism Textbook | English with Sudhir Sir | SWS
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[Music] [Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music]
hello and welcome we are going to start
with the prism and raps CID course for
class 11 students ISC uh this is the
first of the chapters as far as the
prism textbook is concerned and I do
hope all of you have this particular
textbook a collection of ISC short
stories this contains your syllabus
portion for both class 11 and Class 12
okay so you need to know the first five
chapters because many students are still
unaware of what the syllabus is so the
first five chapters in this particular
book from a living God to thank you
ma'am are in the class 11 syllabus in
class 12 is item number 11 to 15 okay
starting from atiti to the medicine bag
so I hope that much is
clear now what is this particular story
about let's look at a living God um
English trust s SWS okay so it's written
by this particular character called
lafaro Hearn okay now he was a writer
journalist of Greek Irish descent so
Europe but he wrote primarily on Japan
okay uh in fact he settled down in Japan
in 1890 and also changed changed his
name so he basically helped in the
western understanding of Japan so that
way whenever we read about Japan a lot
of it is through this gentleman through
his writings now this particular story
is pretty significant because it talks
about this gentleman okay um he's a real
gentleman and the story is also a real
story okay um it's about a tsunami which
affected a village of peasants of
farmers um and a rich farmer hamaguchi
go was the one who ended up saving all
those lives 400 lives as written in this
particular essay by setting his own rise
stacks on fire in order to alert the
people of the danger that was looming
large okay so in that sense because of
what he did he's worshiped as a God so
the story is what from what I've told
you so far what do you make of the story
the story is about sacrifice sacrificing
his own investment selflessness that is
you don't think about your own selfish
means you don't think he those guys die
I don't care but my thing should be safe
he didn't think like that he actually
thought about the lives of those 400
villagers right it's about presence of
mind to do things at the spur of the
moment without losing any time because
when it comes to saving lives every
moment is obviously very precious and
finally it's also about gratit itude I
find a lot of books missing out on these
points because the villagers this is all
about the first three points which I
mentioned to you okay sacrifice
selflessness and presence of mind is
about hamaguchi go but there is an
element called gratitude and that is on
behalf of the villages that they decide
to worship him as a god construct a
shrine for him and even while he's alive
he's there as a Dy at that particular
Shrine so gratitude on behal of The
Villages so please ensure that when
you're writing your answers you include
all these four aspects so it's about the
importance of community especially in a
time of Crisis and that's what tests you
you know when everything is peaceful
it's not about testing you know
everybody will be very happy but when
things start going wrong when there is a
crisis how individuals and the community
together behave at the time of Crisis
that's what defines their resilience
their fighting spirit their Spirit as a
community that I as an individual I'm
willing to do something for you as an
individual and that's what makes us a
common group a community okay so his
sacrifice of his rice crop is in that
sense an act of community Spirit then
there is of course the theme of
tradition in Japanese Society um you
need to talk about I'm just talking to
you about the theme so that you are
aware of what are the different aspects
that you need to keep in mind while I'm
explaining the story to you and even
later it's about he's the headman of the
village he's a respected figure right he
kind of ensured that there were no
disputes between person a and person B
then there is a theme of nature the
entire Sunami coming in engulfing and
trying to destruct the entire uh Village
on the coast the setting of the story
where is a setting of the story it's
about it's a it's about a it's it's a
story about a village of 90 that
dwellings with a population of about 400
and there is also a temple on top of it
with a priest okay so let's get started
with the story and I'll keep showing you
photographs in order to better explain
uh what I am really talking about okay
uh this is a scanned copy of your
textbook because I couldn't get it on
the net anywhere from time IM from
immemorial time I mean you also say from
time Memorial that's why my I started
reading it like that from immemorial
time that is from a long time ago the
shores of Japan have been swept at
irregular intervals of Centuries by
enormous tidal waves means that at very
irregular kind of intervals you know
there is no irregular interval that
every month at this month in the month
of May or in the month of October there
will be this kind of a huge title bave
that will hit the Japanese Coast no it
could come in May it could come in July
it could come in September at irregular
intervals from a very long time but the
Japanese Coast the shores have been hit
by enormous tidal waves that is along
the high tide when the kind of sea waves
behave in a rather erratic and let's say
in very aggressive kind of manner tidle
waves caused by earthquakes or by
submarine volcanic Action Now tsunami is
caused by what now those of you of
course um a majority of you would have
been born just around that 2004 2005 I
think most of you would not be around
when the tsunami hit
India on December 26 2004 okay I have
covered the tsunami so I have practical
firsthand information about how things
were destructed in majorly in the
coastal part of Tamil Nadu nagap patam
and calore in particular okay so uh you
have an earthquake so you have seesmic
activity below the Earth surface and
that causes the ocean to rise and that's
what happens and the that was the first
time the tsunami was hitting India
before that one was not even aware of
something like this but Japan as a
country has always been ravaged by
tsunami so it's not something which is
uh new to that country okay these awful
Rising so he's making it very clear that
these are pretty terrible kind of
natural phenomena okay they're awful
they're awful sudden risings of the sea
are called by the Japanese tsunami okay
that is they're named as the Japanese
tsunami the last one occurred on the
evening of June 17 1896 that is when
he's talking about this he's saying that
the last the uh
one the last tsunami occurred on the
evening of June 17
1896 okay uh when a wave nearly 200 mil
long struck the northeastern provinces
of Miyagi iate and Omari wrecking scores
of towns and villages is ruining whole
districts and destroying nearly 30,000
human lives so when this tsunami hit on
June 17 1896 there was this kind of
destruction of almost 30,000 lives were
lost pretty much similar to what
happened in Tamil Nadu in December
2004 the story of hamaguchi go is a
story of a like Calamity so the mistake
that many books workbooks are making and
I would strongly urge you if you are
with s SWS you frankly don't really need
to look at any other workbook we would
cover most of it in terms of questions
and in any case you don't get workbook
questions in your examination we will
prepare you according to exam oriented
questions okay but anyway you're not
going to listen to me so you do whatever
you want to do all I'm going to tell to
you is that many of the workbooks are
wrong question and answers and wrong
facts and wrong interpretation and
Analysis okay so what here is being said
is that and I've seen this both in class
n for treasure chest and also now in
prism and rap CID is the story of a like
Calamity so the story is the story that
is going to follow is not the story of
what happened in 1896 it's a story of a
light Calamity and when you Google and
find out you will find that this
particular person was a similar Calamity
had happened in 1854 and that's what
that's when this particular gentleman
rescued his many of his villages is the
story of a like like means a similar
Calamity which happened long before the
era of miji on another part of the
Japanese Coast those workbooks and those
teachers who are interpreting this story
as what happened in 1896 should just go
and Google this era of miji what is the
era of miji era of miji is the era when
Emperor miji was ruling over Japan it
lasted from October
1868 okay to July 1912 when he died okay
so that's what is called the era of miji
this happened in 1896 and here it's
saying long before the era of miji okay
story of a light Calamity which happened
long before the era of miji era of miji
I repeat started in 1868 so we are
talking about this tsunami which have
hit Japan Japan in 1854 okay on another
part of the Japanese Coast so we are not
talking about these three towns which
provinces which were affected in 1896
now he was an old man at the time of
occurrence which made him famous who are
we talking about hamaguchi GOI he was
the most influential this particular
paragraph is important because it
introduces us to hamaguchi go he and
from an McQ point of view this paragraph
is important he was the most influential
resident of the village to which he
belonged he had been for many years it's
marasa okay all these are Japanese names
so the pronunciation May differ a little
but it's more important for you to know
the spelling this means the headman like
the surp pun of the village and he was
not less liked than respected which
means that he was both liked he was also
respected okay the people usually called
him oisan which means grandfather okay
elderly person but being the richest
member of the community he was sometimes
officially referred to as the choa okay
that was another term so he was referred
to as the oisan the choa and he was also
the mirasa of the village please
remember these three terms and what they
mean okay from the McQ point of view
also from a reasoning point of view I
have given you lots of reasoning
questions in the PDF also mcqs there'll
also be long five Mark and 10 mark
question and answers written so in that
sense everything kind of gets covered so
you just need to depending on the nature
of the question you just need to cut
paste add delete to the answers that I
have written he used to advise the
smaller Farmers about their interest to
arbitrate arbitrate means mediate that
is if there's a dispute between X and Y
you sit and talk to both X and Y and
find a y media to resolve the dispute
that is called arbitration to advance
their uh their money at need and to
dispose of uh their rise for them on the
best terms possible so he would do
different kinds of activities you know to
to
mediate to advance them I mean being a
money lender of sorts to also ensure
that they got the best price for for the
rise so he was doing things which are
all in the interest of the villagers
okay hamaguchi big thatched Farmhouse
stood at the verge of a small Plateau
overlooking a bay okay um now a bay is a
part of a coast where the L land kind of
goes into to form a curve okay so a
plateau you know is like a you know a
small piece of land kind of overlooking
so overlooking if you need to know what
uh Bay looks like now this is these are
two photographs of the bay you see the
land the the land kind of curving in
right similarly you see here the land
kind of Curves in now this is called a
bay a part of the coast this is a coast
where the land kind of goes in in order
to form a curve okay so this is a bay
area now uh the plateau the plateau
mostly devoted to Rice culture so they
were rice Farmers was hemmed in on three
sides by thick ly wooded Summits right
so it was kind of surrounded and hem
means enclosed and Summit is the highest
point of a mountain or a hill from its
outer verse the land slop down in a huge
green concavity concavity is a curved
Hollow slope okay as if scooped out to
the edge of the water and the whole of
the slope so you are giving being given
an idea about the Topography of that
particular area right so it's like a
hill okay and then there is a sea there
is a sea and it is like Hill and I'll
tell you show you couple of more
photographs to get you a better idea and
so the whole of this slope some 3/4 of a
mile long so it was a pretty kind of a
steep kind of a hill was so ter as to
look when viewed from the Open Sea like
an enormous flight of green steps
divided in the center by a narrow now
you see the rise fing in Japan is
undertaken in the form of Terrace
farming you would have read that in
class 10 geography Okay so if you look
at these photographs now this is the Bay
now this is how the Terrace farming
would happen so this would almost look
like steps on each of the steps there
would be the Patty which would be grown
you see this so it's almost like very uh
nicely uh done steps in on which the uh
so you see the Hut the house will be
here and you would kind of all this
would be the pat fields in and this is
called Terrace farming which is very
prevalent in Japan so that's what he he
says so now if you see the photograph
now that you have seen the photograph
now you see this now you'll be able to
understand this better so he says when
viewed from the Open Sea like an
enormous flight of green steps you
understand okay so there is the sea then
there are his green steps on which the
Pat is grown and then there are the
houses right and his house is even more
on top where I mean and the temple is
also similarly on top okay white zigzag
a streak of Mountain Road Okay so and
this also like a mountain 90 thatched
dwellings so that was the number of
houses which were there in that
particular Village and a Shinto Temple
right a Japanese Temple composing the
Village proper stood along the curve of
the bay so there was this Bay right and
that's how the whole thing was so you
get an idea about the Topography of this
particular uh Village let me try to draw
so that it's even more clear though my
drawing is not very clear so this is
like the sea and then you have the hill
okay and it is like this kind of Terrace
kind of farming and there are this 90
odd Hearts okay which are at different
levels of the Terrace farming
farming
straggling up the
um straggling up the slope for some
distance on either side of the narrow
road leading to the Cha's home choa who
is choa it is hamaguchi go
now let's now come to the action now
that he has established the geography
the Topography of this particular
place one Autumn evening one Autumn
evening hamaguchi go was looking down
from the balcony of his house so from
spot at some preparations for a marry
making in the village below so there is
some kind of a party which is going to
take place in the village there had been
a very fine rice crops so they had done
well with the Harvest and The Peasants
were going to celebrate their Harvest by
a dance in the court of the ujigami now
this is again a Japanese term which
means the guard ujigami is the guardian
Spirit or God of a particular place in
the Shinto religion of Japan okay uh the
old man could see the Festival banners
which is means no boring again remember
this from for an McQ format okay
fluttering above the roofs of the
solitary Street means solitary Street
there's only one street the strings of
paper lanterns funed between feston
means they have been tied between bamboo
poles the decorations of the shrine and
the brightly colored Gathering of the
young people so there is a lot of
festivity in the air he had nobody with
him that evening but his little grandson
so there is only his grandson who was 10
years old the rest of the household
having gone early to the Village so the
other family members had all gone to the
Village to take part in the festivities
he could have accompanied them had he
not been feeling less strong than usual
he was feeling a little weak that
particular day the day had been
oppressive and in spite of a rising
Breeze there was still in the air that
sort of a heavy heat which according to
the experience of the Japanese peasant
at certain Seasons precedes an
earthquake this is
important he's feeling that there's some
kind of an uneasy kind of weather the
weather is feeling a little different
and he says the experience of the
Japanese peasant the farmer who is all
the time see always more than Urban
folks like you and me the farmer will
always be able to he doesn't need to
look at the weather app to know whether
it is going to rain or whether there's
going to be bright Sunshine the next day
by looking at the Earth by looking at
the sky and smelling the air around him
the farmer trust me and I've covered a
lot of Agriculture will always be able
to tell give you a more accurate idea
than any of the weather apps or any of
the officials at the IMD they're so good
at it because an experienced farmer will
always have a better understanding of
the Earth the sky and the atmosphere the
air right so the experience of the
Japanese peas what did he feel at
certain Seasons prist so he says there
was something in the air that's kind of
a heavy heat that kind of an unusual
kind of a heat gmy which usually
precedes an earthquake and Japan was
used to the seismic activity right the
earthquake and presently an earthquake
came and an earthquake did come
earthquake means the Earth Shook and on
on a mountain you would feel it even
more because when you are at a
height um it was not strong enough to
frighten anybody so it was not like very
high on the rich Rus s scale but
hamaguchi who had felt hundreds of
shocks in his time because he is an
elderly person thought it was queer now
he thought he had felt he was
experienced as far as earthquake was
concerned because he had experienced
many such earthquakes but he thought
this one was a little strange cure means
a little strange a little weird because
it was pretty long it was pretty slow
that is you keep kept feeling the
earthquake for quite some time and it
was some kind of a spongy motion right
it almost felt like you know as if
somebody some kind of suction activity
is taking place you know spongy convey
some kind of an interaction with water
the way I'm interpreting it right so you
feel as though there is some kind of
contraction some kind of a you know you
feel as though there's some kind of
a slow kind of a movement that's what he
describes it as probably it was but the
after Tremor please remember these three
adjectives long slow and
spongy but it was probably the after
Tremor of some immense sismic action
very far away maybe some earthquake had
taken place very far off from his
village and you were feeling it
slowly and you know in a very spongy
kind of motion out here in his village
okay the house crackled and rocked
gently several times because then they
all became still again so the house kind
of moved like it does in an earthquake I
don't know if you have experienced an
earthquake right I remember my first
experience of an earthquake was when I
was in class 4 I remember we were
sitting on the floor and having our food
this was around 7:38 in the night and we
were on what from the first floor uh in
Delhi and one could feel the floor
shaking okay that was the first exper
expence of an earthquake lasts very few
seconds hardly some 4 seconds 5 Seconds
Max that's pretty long but you feel it
right it feels very weird as the quaking
ceased ceased means stopped huchi's keen
old eyes were anxiously turn towards the
village okay now he started looking at
the Village ke has anything happened
there has anything altered there he it
often happens that the attention of a
person gazing fixedly at a particular
spot or object is suddenly diverted by
the sense of something not knowingly
seen at all so he's kind of you know
being very reflective at that point in
time right so he's saying that you know
I'm going on looking at a particular
place but my attention is kind of
diverted because I'm feeling there is
what do you call a six sense right there
used to be a camera person of mine I
mean still around obviously um he would
always say seven sense and I would say
six sense so he say seventh sense so you
know by you know you have a gut feel
feeling that something is going to go
wrong like many of us feel it like that
sometimes okay by the by a mere vague
feeling of the unfamiliar in that dim
Outer Circle of unconscious perception
which lies beyond the field of Clear
Vision so what you are seeing beyond
that you kind of feel which you may not
be seeing but you have a feeling that
something is going to happen it's almost
like you know you get that feeling by
smelling the air by just you're looking
at something but nothing is happening
there but around the atmosphere in your
head you're feeling as though some kind
of activity is going to take place or is
happening right now which is in the
circle of unconscious kind of perception
he rose to his feet and looked at the
sea because it was happening at the sea
in the sea it had darkened the sea color
texture had changed quite suddenly and
it was acting strangely I don't know if
you have any of you have seen this movie
called thear it's a Tamil movie kamasa
my favorite actor
um it ends it's a very fascinating and a
very action-packed movie and it ends
with the tsunami which hit um Tamil Nadu
in 2004 and if you can just fast forward
you would find it on any of the OT
platforms if you can just F fast forward
and see how um KS ravikumar the director
had actually picturized with of course
CG uh the tsunami affecting the Marina
Beach in Chennai okay have a look at it
it's quite a fascinating it's just give
an idea about the kind of Destruction
that can happen of course it's very
filmy also it seemed to be moving
Against the Wind it was turning away
from the land right
so the sea and this happens during the
tsunami what happens is that and a lot
of Destruction happen in Sri Lanka on
the resorts um at the resorts the sea
starts receding which is a very unusual
kind of phenomena the sea doesn't recede
like that of course at the beach it will
move back and it'll come again but the
sea recedes quite a lot and it reips and
reips and Reeds and then comes back with
an enormous kind of force that is the
tsunami okay so um it was running away
so he is kind of personified by saying
that the sea was running away from the
land okay within a very less time little
time the whole village had noticed the
phenomena The Village had noticed the
phenomena because it was unusual
apparently no one had felt the previous
motion on the ground they had not
experienced the earthquake which
hamaguchi had but all were evidently
astounded by the movement of the water
they were running to the beach and even
beyond the beach to watch it and that's
how the maximum casualties even in Tamil
Nadu happened because when the sea
started receding people were rather
surprised and perplexed at this rather
unusual kind of natural phenomena so
they all started going towards the beach
towards the sea the receding sea c p
let's try to kind of you know push it
back they thought that the sea was kind
of you know giving up up on land and
that's how the casualties happened
because when they when it came back with
an enormous flow without giving any time
for reaction to the people that's how
many of the casualties took place in
Tamil Nadu in 2004 the same thing can
happen out here so the people were
evidently astounded by the movement of
the water they were running to the beach
and even beyond the beach to watch it no
such e had been witnessed e means this
kind of movement had been witnessed on
that Coast within the memory of living
man things never seen before were making
Apparition Apparition is a reference to
a ghost or a supernatural kind of an
element okay unfamiliar spaces of ribed
stand and reaches of weed Hung okay
uh unfamiliar because they have not seen
those that kind of land because all
along they would only see the sea out
there but now all that had been kind of
G it's almost as if the sea is giving up
and it's exposing things which had been
never seen before like ripped sand and
these kind of weed hung Rock but left
bear even as hamaguchi gazed and none of
the people below appeared to guess what
the Monstrous e signified okay what this
kind of receding of the water signified
no one really could have an idea
hamaguchi himself had never seen such a
thing before not that hamaguchi himself
had that kind of experience but he
remembered things told to him in his
childhood by his grandfather father's
father that is his
oisan and he knew all the traditions of
the coast he understood what the sea was
going to do so because he had been told
about it by his grandfather he knew what
to expect unlike all those people who
had never experienced that kind of a
thing before in their life perhaps he
perhaps he thought of the time needed to
send a message to the Village or to get
the priest of the Buddhist temple on the
hill to sound their big Bell so if they
rang the bell it mean there is some kind
of danger right so he needs but how does
he send a message to the priest on the
Buddhist temple how does he do that time
is very less so but it would take very
much longer to tell what he might have
thought than it took him to think he
simply called to his grandson he decided
that he does not have the time to send a
message upstairs to the priest at the
Buddhist temple T quick very quick light
me a torch so he asked his grandson to
get him a torch Tatsu or pine torches
please remember this again from an McQ
point of view all the Japanese terms you
need to know their meaning in English
are kept in many Coast dwellings for use
on stormy nights that's what they are
used for right on stormy nights and also
for use at certain Shinto Festival so
this is the use of the taimatsu the
night the child kindled the torch at
once and the old man hurried with it to
the fields where hundreds of Rise tax
representing most of his invested
Capital this part is very important that
you know the the sacrifice that he is
doing of burning his rise tax because
all his money was invested in it stood
awaiting transportation and he just had
to transport them to the market yard
approaching these those nearest the
verge of the slope he began to apply the
torch to them hurrying from one to
another as quickly as his agent limbs
could carry him so he
started setting fire to them the
sundried stalks caught like Tinder the
strengthening seab Breeze blew the Blaze
landward and presently rank behind rank
the stacks rank behind rank means the
stacks were there it's almost like an
army column right um the stacks burned
into flames sending Skyward
U Columns of smoke that met and mingled
into one enormous cloudy world so there
was whole lot of smoke which was created
Tinder is the dry material to start a
fire T astonished and terrified ran
after his grandfather crying so uh T
kind of cried now this is how a tsunami
looks okay this is how a tsunami looks
you know where the sea kind of comes
back okay and what he is doing out here
now this I have taken from an website I
hope there is uh no issue with that in
order to kind of Enlighten you better
this is how he kind of sets fire to it
so he says that he says and T is
obviously terrified and astonished he's
scared and he's also very surprised
ojisan why ojisan why why but hamaguchi
did not answer he had no time to explain
he was thinking only of the 400 lives in
Peril in danger for a while the child
stared wildly at the Blazing rise and
burst into tears and ran back to the
house feeling sure that his grandfather
had gone mad that was his first reaction
first reaction of course was surprise
and fear and then he concluded that the
ojisan had gone mad to do something like
this hamaguchi went on firing stack
after stack that is setting fire to
every stack till he had reached the
limit of his field that he exhausted all
the stacks then he threw down his torch
and waited the aoly acolyte is the
priest the person who assists a priest
during a particular religious ceremony
of the Hill Temple he saw the fire okay
observing the fire set the big Bell
booming now he saw the fire he thought
there was an emergency here that his
rise tax had caught fire and help was
needed so he started hitting the bell
ring the whole idea was that when that
happens all those people who are at the
beach okay at the shore they would all
come in order to extinguish the fire
which has been said okay now you
understand what was huchi's plan
hamaguchi watched them hurrying in from
the Sands and over the beach and up from
the village like a swarming of ants like
you know when he's seeing from a
distance they all look like ants
climbing up and to his anxious eyes
scarcely faster for the moment seemed
terribly long to him and he thought they
were kind of running very slow they need
to run much faster in order to escape
the approaching
tsunami the sun was going down the
wrinkled bed of the bay and a vast
shallow speckled expanse Beyond it right
I mean this this is talking about the
color you know color and you know there
is an entire expanse of the land lay
naked to the last orange glow and still
the sea was fleeing towards the horizon
fleeing means again personifying fleeing
it is kind of moving backwards towards
the horizon because you know it's kind
of reversing reverse so that then it
will come with a huge force on fifth
gear really however hamaguchi did not
have very long to wait before the first
party of Saka sakur as in relief you
know to help ared a score of agile young
pants the younger people were able to
climb much faster who wanted to attack
the fire at once attack the fire means
to put out the fire with water but the
choa another title for him holding on
both arms sto them saying stop let it
burn Lads he commanded Let It Be I want
the whole mura here now mura is
referring to the Villages okay to the
entire village now you see this is what
happens he has set them on fire and this
is how all the people come out here okay
in order to extinguish the fire so he
says the whole village was coming and
hamaguchi counted all the young men and
boys were soon on the spot and not a few
of the more active women and girls then
came most of the older folks so that was
the order in which all of them came from
the shore up to the up the hill to
hamaguchi place uh and babies at their
backs and even children for children
could help to pass water you know if
they had to pass water children even
children could volunteer and help in the
entire um process of providing help and
the elders too feeble to keep up with
the first Rush could be seen well on
their way up the Steep Ascent right what
we have already known that it is a very
steep kind of Hill the growing multitude
that is the number of people still
knowing nothing looked alternately in
sorrowful Wonder at the Flaming fields
and at the impassive face of their choa
and the sun went down the sun had set
and now is when the tsunami will strike
grandfather is mad I'm afraid of him so
t in answer to a number of questions
he's mad he set fire to the rise on
purpose I saw him do it right he says
he's mad I saw him set it on fire so
hamaguchi said as for the rise the child
tells the truth yes what he's saying is
absolutely what happened I set fire to
the rise and then he says are all the
people here the kumicho and the heads
you know the it's a title again and the
heads of families looked about them
kumicho is a
group the group and the heads of
families looked about them you know
generally to see
okay is any everyone around and made
reply made reply is a very weird kind of
English all are here or very soon will
be we cannot understand this thing he
says Kita Kita says look at the North
shouted the old man at the top of his
voice pointing to the open look at the
northern side say now if I be mad and
then tell me whether I am mad through
the Twilight now they see why he had
done what what he had done through the
Twilight Eastward all lward okay
Twilight is when the dust time you know
when the sun has kind of set okay when
the sun has set and you know the dusk
time and saw at the edge of the Dusky
Horizon a long lean dim line like the
shadowing of a coast where no Coast ever
was so there was a very weird kind of a
shadow which had fallen on the coast
okay it's looming large the darkness
it's kind of um it's indicative that
something very bad is going to happen a
line that thickened as they gaze that
broadened as a coastline broadens to the
eyes of one U approaching it and yet
incomparably more quickly for that long
Darkness was the returning sky so that
Darkness was what was the returning sky
and this is how the tsunami would strike
so the sea was kind of coming back back
so the sea was coming back to this
particular Hill towards this particular
Hill with almost a Vengeance was the
returning sea the returning sea is an
important key phrase please use it
towering like a cliff this also and
coursing more swiftly than the kite
flies kite is not patanga okay U he's
not talking about that kite kite is the
reference to the bird you know like
which is like the eagle kind of a bird
okay uh which kind of ss very high in
the sky tsunami shriek the people now
they realize what was coming and then
all shrieks and all sounds and all power
to hear sounds were anhil means they
were destroyed by a nameless shock
heavier than any Thunder as the Colossal
swell smed the shore with the weight
because it kind of completely took over
that sent a shudder through the hills
and with the so the hill kind of shook
shudder through the hill means the hill
kind of Shook and with the foam burst
like a blaze of Street lightning so
there was lightning there was Thunder
and then this entire sea completely came
over the hill and the hill kind of shook
so you understand what had happened then
for an instant nothing was visible but a
storm of spray rushing up the slope like
a cloud so there was this whole lot of
water and you know the kind of you know
destruction that was visible and the
people scattered back in panic from the
mere Menace of it when they looked again
they saw the white horror of sea this is
an important key phrase raving over the
place of their home so when you're
talking of tsunami you should also use
this particular keyword uh place of
their homes it drew back roaring so the
sea goes back and then comes back once
again right and tearing out the bowels
of the land as it went bows means your
land here bows is the inner part so it's
kind of tearing out the thing it's
almost like it the sea has been
described as a monster and a horror so
it's kind of hitting back at the land
and it is kind of tearing out from the
land land under everything it is kind of
taking it out that's what is called the
bowels of the land twice Thrice five
times the sea struck and ebbed but each
time with lesser surges so every time it
was coming back and hitting and there
was a surge which was being made then it
returned to its ancient bed and stayed
still raging as after a typhoon so it
came 1 2 3 4 five times and then it kind
of stood and that was
it but it had created huge amount of
Destruction on the plateau for a time
there was no word spoken all stayed
speechlessly at the Desolation beneath
desolation means U you know the kind
of whatever was left and it was you know
the sense of emptiness uh the
ghastliness of the Hur Rock and naked
ribbon Cliff you know the Rocks were
kind of thrown they were not at the
place where they were before they had
been moved elsewhere okay the
ghastliness and it had G and
I mean smashed a particular house a thh
dwelling Etc so there was a it was a
very ghastly kind of a site a very you
know there was a lot of Destruction and
that's what is being described by the
gastl word uh the naked rivon Cliff like
the cliff was not now looking like a
naked kind of thing because everything
on top of the cliff had been destroyed
the bewilderment of scooped up deep sea
rack Rack means R you know and Builder
means Min means surprise and single sh
shot over the uh shingle is again
referring to whatever is there inside
the sea right shingle is like small
Pebbles or stones on the beach over the
empty site of dwelling and Temple The
Village was not the greater part of the
fields were not and even The Terraces
had ceased to exist so all those
Terraces which I showed you they were no
longer now in existence and of the homes
that had been about the bay there
remained nothing recognizable except two
straw roofs tossing m in the offing
everything else had been destroyed the
after Tremor of the death escaped and
the stupic of the general loss kept all
lips U dumb you know um stupified
essentially means you know when you're
completely stunned amazed you know you
you can't say anything because you're so
taken in by the surprised you're
completely stunned until the voice of
hamaguchi Was Heard again observing
gently that was why I set fire to the
rice he there choa now stood among them
almost as poor as the poorest for his
wealth was gone but he had saved 400
lives by the sacrifice so he had kind of
now this is important because while he
Capital he had lost all his invested
Capital but he had saved 400 lives in
the bargain Little T ran to him and
caught his hand and ask forgiveness for
having said naughty things not naughty
naughty is probably not the appropriate
word for saying inappropriate things
things whereupon the people woke up to
the knowledge of why they were alive now
they realized that they owed their lives
to this man if he had not saved them he
would have been they would all have been
on the beach on the shore and they would
have been killed by the tsunami
whereupon the people woke up to the
knowledge of why they were alive and
began to wonder at the simple unselfish
foresight Yan foresight means to be able
to see into the future what could happen
that had saved them and the headmen
prostrated themselves in the dust before
hamaguchi headman means the other uh
guys of the group and the people after
them then the old man wept a little
partly because he was happy and partly
because he was aged and weak and had
been sorely tried sorely tried means he
had really been tested because for him
to do this kind of
thing would have taken a lot from him
you know emotionally he would have been
completely drained out first completely
losing all his wealth in order to save
the lives and then to see the kind of
Destruction that had happened and then
to feel that okay we did not lose people at
at
least my house remains he said as soon
as he could find words so he says my
house remains you can still come and
stay in my house automatically caressing
T's BR Brown cheeks you know he's
playing with his grandson's cheeks and
there is room for many and many people
could stay in my house also there is a
temple on the hill where people can stay
and there is shelter there for others
also then he led the way to his house
and the people cried and shouted so this
is as far as the action which happens on
evening the period of distress was long
because in those days there were no
means of quick communication between
district and District so it took time
for Relief and help to come and the help
needed had to be sent from far away but
when better times came the people did
not forget their debt to hamaguchi what
is the debt the fact that he had given
them their life they had all taken a
rebirth in that sense they could not
make him Rich because what would they do
to because they were all poor people and
lost everything what would they do to
make him Rich so they could not do that
nor would he have suffered them to do so
nor would he allow them to do anything
of the sort even if even had it been
possible even if it was possible
moreover gifts could never have sufficed
as an expression of their reverential
feeling towards him you know gifts can
never you know if I'm feeling truly like
you know you are God even if I give you
a gift it doesn't make up for thing it
is the emotion that really
matters it is the emotion that really
matters you know of what you feel for
someone who really helps you that is
what truly counts that is what truly
counts not like you know may you know I
will give you a gift so you know it's
like you know the things have been
canceled no how you communicate your
feelings and how you express them and
what you truly feel for someone inside
your heart that's what really matters I
always say a true friend is someone who
will defend you even when you're not
there you know
I am friends with
someone that someone hears someone
saying bad things about me there are two
options for this particular friend
either he keeps quiet and
says or the person defends him saying
that no I know that person he will never
do such a thing I know him very well
whatever you're saying is a lie that is
what is a true friend okay that person
need not give me or anyone else a
particular thing that doesn't matter but
it is the that sentiment the emotion
that's what is truly valuable so they
declared him a God and thereafter called
him hamaguchi demn I mean this again I
don't know the pronunciation I must
admit thinking they could give him no
great honor but please remember the
spelling and truly no greater honor in
any country could be given to Mortal man
okay so they called him this and when
they rebuilt The Village okay they built
a temple to the spirit of hamaguchi he's
alive but they built a Temple to the
spirit of the person now the real person
the real selfless sacrificing kind of
person and fixed above the front of it a
tablet okay bearing his name in Chinese
text of gold and they worshiped him
there with prayer and with offering so
he became a living God that's how the
title comes
from how he felt about it I cannot say I
know only that he continued to live in
his old touched home up on the hill with
his children and his children's children
just as humanly as simply as before
while his soul was being woried in the
shrine below so the body was there but
he Shrine his soul was being worshiped
as a daty uh Down Below in the temple a
100 years and more he has been dead now
he has
been dead for over 100 years now right
uh but his Temple they tell me still
stands and the people still pray to the
ghost of the gold old farmer to help
them in time of fear or trouble so so
that's what you know when there is
trouble or fear they reach out to him to
pray to him uh that's what his legacy uh
really is now
okay I asked a Japanese philosopher and
friend to explain to me how the peasants
could rationally imagine the spirit of
hamaguchi in one place while his living
body while his living body uh was in
inquired also I en whether it was only
one of his Souls which they had
worshiped during his life and whether
they imagined that particular soul to
have dit so you know a western person is
not able to understand this Japanese
system keep person is alive how can you
worship him you know how are there two
hamaguchi goes you know so he's not able
to understand this you know so he says
that whether one of his Souls you know
uh he's alive so how does it kind of or
when he was alive or even when he was
dead so what has happened right right so
so uh which they worship during his life
and whether they imagine that particular
soul to have detached itself from the
rest to receive homage right so if you
are alive everything is inside me how
can a part of me go outside for people
to worship me when I'm alive that's a
kind of confusion that he wants Clarity
on the peasants my friend answered think
of the mind and the spirit of a person
as something which even during life can
be in many places at the same instant
right so I am here and My Mind and
Spirit can be in some other place also
to provide help to provide some kind of
relief it's possible is what the
Japanese belief is or at least the
farmers believe such an idea is of
course quite different from Western
ideas about the soul right it's very
different from the Western idea any more
rational I Mis CL basically saying that
you are not being very rational it's not
making sense to me he says so that
person said well and with the Buddhist
kind of smile so it's a Buddhist idea if
we accept the doctrine of the unity of
all mind that is if all mind is
Unified the idea of the Japanese peasant
would appear to contain at least some
adumbration of truth I could not say so
much for your Western Notions about the
soul adoration means a vague hint okay
it means a vague hint so he says if we
are to talk if you are to talk about you
know that all souls are united the minds
are united the idea of the Japanese
peasant that what they believe that the
souls can be at different place would
actually sound you know even if it is W
it sounds more credible than what the
Western Notions of the Soul are that is
after you die you go somewhere else and
before that it cannot happen so they
don't they don't kind of um distinguish
between the body and the Soul whereas
the Japanese are able to do so so that
is what the Japanese theory is it's a
little wag as he himself says it's an
admiration of the truth right it's an
admiration of the truth it's a little
weight but and it may kind of you know
people may wonder you know when he's how
can he be worshiped right uh but that's
how the Japanese peasants took it and
this was a reflection of the deep sense
of gratitude which are talked about
right at the beginning of this
explanation video with this we come to
the end as I said I'll be giving you
mcqs I'll be giving you logical uh
reasoning uh questions and answers um I
written 31 of them okay so that kind of
covers everything and then I'll also be
giving you both five marks as well as 10
marks question and answerers so that
every aspect is covered so you just need
to kind of alter and contr C control B
you can uh answer the question depending
on how the question is essentially asked
okay but I mean most of it obviously
will be all of it will obviously be
covered okay so I hope this chapter is
clear okay any doubts please ask in the
chat box otherwise I don't think you
should have any problems only this last
part but that's essentially wag okay
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