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Православна церква в п.п. XVII ст. || Історія України 8 кл.

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Orthodox Church in the first half of the

17th century I am Maria Pavlychko this is the

histube channel let's consider the topic we

already know that after the Union of Brest in

1596 the Orthodox Church was

actually banned and

various segments of Ukrainian

society came to its defense Ukrainian Orthodox

Burghers who rallied around

Orthodox brotherhoods they protected

Orthodox churches from capture by

Uniates and Catholics and also defended the

interests of Orthodox in the courts in

turn the Cossacks in 1615 contributed to the

formation of the Kiev Epiphany

Brotherhood the Cossacks together with the people of Kiev

opposed the attempts of the Uniates to transform the

Kiev-Pechersk Monastery there

Michael's Monastery from Orthodox to

Uniate in their turn the Orthodox

Orthodox

nobles who obtained from the king a

ban on forced conversion from

Orthodoxy to another faith in 1620

several circumstances occurred in favor of the

Orthodox Church and it was in this year 1620 that he

returned from Muscovy The

Patriarch of Jerusalem Theophanes and he came to visit

Kyiv and then the higher

Orthodox Kyiv clergy made themselves known, who were not

afraid to go against the will of the tsar and

asked Theophanes to restore the higher

Orthodox hierarchy in Ukraine, in particular

in Kyiv. Another very important event

that took place in 1620 in favor of

supporting Orthodoxy was that the hetman of the

Zaporozhian army Petro

Sahaidachny, together with the entire Zaporozhian army,

joined the Kyiv

Orthodox brotherhood, which testified to the

enormous and colossal support for

Orthodoxy by the Cossacks. As a result of all

these and at the trenches of

Ukraine in the 20th year, the

church Orthodox hierarchy was restored in Ukraine. It

is emphasized that it happened in 1620, how did

it all happen in 1620? The

Patriarch of Jerusalem Theophanes, about whom

we spoke a little earlier, consecrated

six Orthodox bishops and one

Metropolitan. Job became Metropolitan.

Boretsky or Job Boretsky, who had

previously been the rector of the St. Michael's

Golden-Domed Monastery and the rector of the

Kiev Brotherhood School, the Polish government of the Polish-

Lithuanian Commonwealth did not recognize these bishops

and the Metropolitan recognized them as traitors. But

in fact, they could not do anything about them. And

why because both the bishops and the Metropolitan

were under the personal protection of Peter

Konashevich-Sagaydachny and the entire

Zaporozhian Army, but they still

managed to legalize the Orthodox

Church in Ukraine over time. Let's talk about this.

How it happened after the

Union of Brest in

1596, and the Orthodox nobles and

later the Cossack embassies submitted requests to the

Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and to the king

for the restoration of the Orthodox

Church in Ukraine, but every year

they did not take these requests into account. The

king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at that time was

Sigismund the Third, and he did not respond

to these requests in any way until one beautiful

moment when The throne of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was

ascended by the son of Sigismund III,

Władysław IV, and this happened in 1632.

1632.

Several events and circumstances

that took place both in the world and directly

on the territory of Ukraine also contributed to this legalization of the Orthodox Church in 1632. In 1632, the

Deulun Peace

Treaty between the Moscow Kingdom and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth expired,

and accordingly, the Polish

king needed to enlist

the support of the Orthodox Cossacks against the

Moscow Kingdom so that in the

event of a new war against the Moscow

Kingdom, the Cossacks would side with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

In order to enlist

the support of the Orthodox Cossacks, it was

necessary to make certain concessions. And

these concessions were actually manifested in the

recognition of the Orthodox Church, and

Władysław IV wanted to establish his

authority as a ruler both within the

country itself and beyond, but this was

impossible. If you have three thousand

religious confrontations in your country, they need to be

leveled or simply nullified, and

accordingly, in such conditions, to the newly

elected king. The Orthodox

path and the Orthodox clergy appealed to the

Orthodox Burghers with a demand to

legalize the Orthodox Church in

1632, Oburecki had already died and

Petro Mohyla was elected as the new Metropolitan of Kyiv.

This is simply a brilliant figure in the

history of the Orthodox Church and in the history of

Ukraine, and all this together contributed to the fact

that in 1632, points were issued to

appease the Russian, that is, the

Ukrainian people. I emphasize that this

document, points to appease the

Russian people, in

1632, the legalization of the

Kyiv Metropolis was recognized, and the

Orthodox Church was also

allowed to have its own churches, monasteries,

printing houses in the city of Kyiv. All

Orthodox people returned their churches and

monasteries, except for the Vydubychi Monastery, and it is

very important that this document, points

to appease the Russian people,

recognized the Kiev Orthodox

Metropolitan and the first recognized Orthodox Metropolitan after the

Brest Union of 1596,

1596,

became Petro

Mohyla. Petro Mohyla's full name is Petro.

Simeonovich Mohyla, who came from an

ancient Moldavian Boyar family,

who was born in the Moldavian town of

Suceava, which is modern Romania. Petro

Mohyla received his education at the Lviv Brotherhood

School and later graduated from the Zamoyski

Academy before he was elected

metropolitan, namely until

1632. Petro Mohyla served in the army of the Polish-

Lithuanian Commonwealth and participated in the Khotyn

War. By the way, Petro Mohyla was born in the

year when the Union of Brest was adopted.

Write in the comments what year it was. At the

age of 29, Petro Mohyla, under the influence of Job

Boretsky, took monastic tonsure and

two years later became the abbot, that is, the

archimandrite of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, and in

1631 founded the Lavra school. When in

1632 Petro Mohyla was officially recognized as the

Kiev Orthodox Metropolitan, the

first thing he did when he became a

metropolitan was to carry out a

number of reforms in order to establish

discipline and order within the

Orthodox Church itself. First of all, he

introduces supervision over the

Orthodox clergy and also

introduces the procedure for introducing religious services,

regulates the work of the consistory, this is a court for

clergy and also limits the right of

magnates of noble brotherhoods to interfere

in church affairs and it is very important that

during religious services, Petro Mohyla

introduces instead of

Church Slavonic the Russian language, that is, the

Old Ukrainian language, that is, the

language still had importance in the 17th century

and it was Petro Mohyla who introduced

Sunday sermons and teachings for the laity

in the church. Petro Mohyla understood very well

that the level of education and training of

priests is reflected in the state of the

Orthodox Church itself and it was Petro

Mohyla who made sure that all

Orthodox priests underwent

appropriate training. Remember, I

talked about the fact that in 1631 Petro

Mohyla founded the Lavra school, in the following

following

1632 Petro Mohyla united the Kiev

Brotherhood School and the Lavra school into one

single educational institution. And so in

1632, the

first educational institution

providing higher education appeared on our Ukrainian lands, the

Kiev-Brotherly Collegium, which later

began to be called in honor of its founder, the

founder, the

Kiev-Mohyla Collegium, which is

known to us today as the

Kiev-Mohyla Academy. Petro Mohyla

not only established order within the

Kiev Metropolis, he also probably

prescribed and prescribed it all in

church books. A certain figure, Isaiah

Trofimovich, with the participation and assistance of Petro

Mohyla, wrote the so-called Orthodox and

Confession of Faith, this is a book about the foundations of

Orthodox doctrine. In

1646, Petro Mohyla published a book

called Trebnik, this is a book in which the

order of services in the

Orthodox Church is clearly spelled out. The 30s and forties of the

17th century are a period of huge

reforms and renewal of the Kiev Metropolis

in a different way. This period, the 30s and forties of the

17th century, is also called the Mohyla period.

period in honor of Metropolitan Petro

Mohyla Orthodox Metropolitan Petro

Mohyla died in 1647 and was buried

in the Dormition Cathedral of the

Kiev-Pechersk Lavra So today we

talked with you on the topic of the Orthodox Church

in the first half of the 17th century We

found out that the situation of the Orthodox

Church after the Brest Union of

1596 was extremely difficult and

accordingly all strata of Orthodox

Ukrainian society came out to

defend their Orthodox Church and in

1620 the highest

Orthodox hierarchy was restored in Ukraine This

happened thanks to the Jerusalem Patriarch

Feofan who consecrated 6 bishops there The

Orthodox Metropolitan became the first

Orthodox Metropolitan after the

Brest Union Boretsky

but he was not recognized by the ruling elite

Things were officially recognized The Kyiv

Orthodox Metropolis was in

1632 points to appease the

Russian people It was this document that

recognized the activities of the Kyiv

Metropolitan and The first officially

recognized metropolitan is Petro Mohyla. The

period when Petro Mohyla is the

Metropolitan of Kyiv is the 30s and 40s of the 17th

century, which is called the Mohyla period, because

because

Metropolitan Petro Mohyla devoted almost all of his activities to

renewing and reforming the Kyiv

Metropolis. Thank you for your

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Православна церква в п.п. XVII ст. || Історія України 8 кл.