0:07 objectives. Identify and differentiate
0:10 among various computer number systems
0:12 including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadimal.
0:14 hexadimal.
0:16 Interpret and analyze binary and
0:18 hexadimal representations in real world
0:21 computing applications such as memory
0:24 addresses and machine instructions.
0:26 Demonstrate perseverance and attention
0:28 to detail when solving number system
0:30 problems. Recognizing the importance of
0:32 precision and integrity in computing tasks.
0:40 Before we start with the lesson, let us
0:43 have a short game. The title of the game
0:45 is the secret code challenge.
0:47 Instructions. The class will be divided
0:50 into groups. Each group will receive an
0:52 envelope with a secret message written
0:55 in binary codes. You will have a maximum
0:57 of 10 minutes to decode the message
1:00 written in the envelope. Once the group
1:02 cracked the code, one member will raise
1:29 Have you ever thought about how
1:30 computers understand numbers and letters?
1:37 Computers don't use our usual counting
1:40 system. Instead they use number systems
1:42 like binary, octal, decimal and
1:44 hexadimal to store and process information.
1:52 The computer number systems. The binary
1:56 system uses only two digits 0 and one.
1:58 Computers love binary because it's
1:59 simple and matches how they turn
2:03 electricity on and off. Octal base 8,
2:07 decimal base 10, and hexadesimal base 16
2:09 help us write long binary numbers in a
2:12 shorter, easier way. By learning these
2:14 number systems, you will discover how
2:16 computers read and work with everything
2:18 you see on a screen, from text and
2:21 pictures to videos and games. It's like
2:23 learning the secret code that computers
2:31 What is the binary number system? The
2:33 binary number system is the way
2:35 computers represent and work with
2:38 numbers using only two symbols zero and
2:41 one. That's why it's called base 2
2:43 because it has two possible digits in
2:45 each place. Each digit in a binary
2:48 number is called a bit short for binary
2:51 digit. Bits are grouped together to
2:53 store data. For example, eight bits make
2:56 a bite which can represent letters,
3:05 What is the octal number system? The
3:07 octal number system is a way of counting
3:10 and representing numbers using base 8.
3:12 Which means it only uses the digits 0 to
3:15 7. After seven, instead of going to
3:18 eight like in decimal, octal rolls over
3:20 to the next place value. Just like how
3:23 decimal rolls over after 9, octal is
3:25 useful in computing because it can
3:28 shorten long binary numbers. Each octal
3:31 digit represents exactly three binary
3:34 digits bits, making it easier for people
3:36 to read or write binary numbers in a
3:46 What is the decimal number system? The
3:48 decimal number system is the way we
3:51 usually count and do math every day.
3:53 It's also called the base 10 system
3:57 because it uses 10 different digits. 0 1
4:04 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 and 9. In decimal, each
4:06 digits value depends on its place or
4:09 position in the number. This is called
4:11 the place value system. The decimal
4:13 system is important because it's how we
4:16 read prices, measure things, and do most
4:18 math in daily life. It's the most
4:21 familiar number system for humans, even
4:23 though computers use binary and other
4:32 What is the hexadesimal number system?
4:35 The hexadesimal number system or hex for
4:38 short is a way of counting using base
4:42 16. Unlike the decimal system base 10
4:44 which uses the digits 0 to 9, the
4:48 hexadimal system uses 16 symbols. the
4:51 numbers 0 to 9 just like decimal and the
4:54 letters A to F which stand for the
4:57 decimal numbers 10 to 15. Hexadesimal is
4:59 very important in computers because it
5:01 makes reading and writing long binary
5:05 numbers easier. One hex digit represents
5:09 exactly four binary digits bits.
5:12 Activity instructions. Identify the
5:13 following numbers if it belongs to
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