YouTube Transcript:
Ideology and SOCIAL POLICY [AP Gov Review_ Unit 4 Topic 10 (4_10)]

hey there welcome back to heimlich's
history now we've been going through
unit 4 of the ap government curriculum
and in this video it's time to talk
about how political ideology shapes
social policy so if you're ready to get
them brain cows milked then let's get to
it so in this video here's what we're
trying to do explain how political
ideologies vary on the role of the
government in addressing social issues
and explain how different ideologies
impact policy on social issues so in the
last video we talked about how liberals
conservatives and libertarians view the
role of government with respect to the
economy here we're going to shift and
talk about how those same ideologies
view social issues like marriage and
family and poverty abortion etc now
here's where i tell you that when it
comes to conservative and liberal
ideologies and social issues they defy
easy clean categories let's start with
libertarian ideology since they're
probably the easiest to define when it
comes to social issues recall that
libertarians want as little government
involvement on dang near everything
which includes social issues to a
libertarian the only thing the
government is good for is protecting
private property and upholding
individual liberty so legalization of
marijuana duh why would you want the
government telling you what you can and
cannot put in your body abortion get the
government out of there education ain't
nobody need the government for that so
when it comes to economic issues
libertarians lean more conservative and
in general with social issues especially
regarding privacy libertarians lean more
liberal okay let's move on to liberal
ideology and social issues liberals tend
to think that personal privacy which is
to say areas of behavior that should be
excluded from government involvement is
pretty broad so abortion for example is
a private decision and should not be
regulated by the government so is the
gender of the person you want to marry
like if you're a man you want to marry
another man the government needs to stay
out of it legalize marijuana no problem
leave it to the individuals to decide
that might be a little confusing because
if you've been watching my other videos
on political ideology the constant theme
has been that liberals favor government
involvement they want the government to
get involved with poverty they want the
government to get involved in education
they want the government to get involved
in regulating businesses but on many
social issues liberals want the
government out now with conservative
ideology there is a similar conundrum
conservatives want less government
involvement on some social issues but
more in others conservatives believe
that abortion is not a private matter
but should be regulated by the
government conservatives believe that
the government should mandate that
marriage is an arrangement between one
man and one woman but when it comes to
something like gun ownership
conservatives want the government out of
that decision when it comes to education
conservatives want to make their own
decisions about how and where to educate
their children with respect to religious
beliefs conservatives want as little
government intervention as possible so
the point is with liberals and
conservatives they favor government
intervention in some social issues and
reject it in others and like i said
there isn't an easy way to categorize
them neatly but just for poops and
giggles let's have a look at three
non-required supreme court cases that
illustrate this tension the first is
planned parenthood v casey in 1992 and
this was a case that considered the
abortion ruling handed down in roe v
wade in the 1980s a pennsylvania law
added some significant restrictions to
abortions like they mandated that any
woman seeking an abortion had to wait
for 24 hours before the procedure or if
she was a minor she had to have the
consent of at least one parent or if she
was married she had to have the consent
of her husband now to liberals for whom
roe v wade was a triumph for women's
rights these strictures were
unconscionable to conservatives these
restrictions were moving in the right
direction to reduce the number of
abortions performed so with respect to
government involvement liberals were
like no and conservatives were like oh
heck yes well the court ended up
upholding roe v wade but simultaneously
upholding almost all of pennsylvania's
restrictions so i reckon you can say
that there was a victory and a loss for
both ideologies another case
illustrating the tension between
conservative and liberal ideology in
terms of social issues was zellman v
simmons-harris in 2002 which was about
education in this case students in
underperforming schools in cleveland
ohio were offered vouchers to attend
whatever school they wanted as it turns
out a giant portion of them used those
vouchers to attend religious schools
liberals saw this as a violation of the
first amendment's establishment clause
like they argued that the government
should be involved in education but not
in paying for religious education
conservatives saw this move as upholding
freedom of choice regarding education
well this one was a win for the
conservatives the court decided that
since parents were sending their
children to religious schools by choice
and not because they were mandated to
that such a system did not violate the
establishment clause and the final case
illustrating this tension was obergefell
v hodges in 2015 which addressed the
right of gay couples to marry
conservatives believe that marriage and
family is one of the chief cornerstones
of society and thus the government
should prevent non-traditional marriages
between people of the same sex liberals
believe that the government should have
no say in who a person marries even if
it's between two people of the same sex
well in this case the court handed down
a decision on the liberal side which
made same-sex marriage legal in all 50
states okay thanks for watching click
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