0:03 hello everyone once again welcome to PM
0:05 networking hope you all are doing great
0:08 guys for long time you were requesting
0:11 to make video on mpls so today I am
0:13 going to create one more playlist on my
0:15 YouTube channel and name of this
0:19 playlist is all about mpls because in
0:20 this playlist We are going to understand
0:23 all the things and topic which we have
0:27 in mpls but this is first video of this
0:29 playlist so today in this video we are
0:34 going to understand why we need mpls why
0:36 we come up with mpls after that day by
0:39 day I will make you understand how mpls
0:42 Works how mpls routers forward traffic
0:44 on the basis of tag on the basis of
0:48 level okay but before understanding
0:49 those things guys first try to
0:51 understand why we need mpls then only I
0:54 can make you understand what is mpls and
0:57 how mpls works so in day two or maybe in
0:59 day 3 we will understand how mpls works
1:02 today try to understand what is the need
1:06 of mpls so see guys here on the board I
1:09 have draw one diagram in this diagram
1:11 you can see this is my service provider
1:13 this network is service provider Network
1:15 and in service provider Network there
1:18 are two types of router in service
1:19 provider Network there are two types of
1:22 router one is p rotor P router means
1:24 provider router and second type of
1:27 router is PE rotor provider Edge router
1:30 so like you can see this is PE rotter
1:32 this is also PE rotter this is also P
1:35 router this is also p p and these all
1:38 routers which I draw in black color are
1:41 provider router these are provider Auto
1:43 and these are provider age router after
1:47 that provider is connects customer is
1:49 routers right so this is my customers
1:52 order like you can see here is one
1:55 company this is let's say company a
1:57 there is one network of company a there
1:59 is network of a company B There is a
2:02 network of company C
2:05 and this is other side of same company
2:08 company a company B and Company C let's
2:11 say site this is side A this is side two
2:16 b side b or B1 and here I can say B two
2:19 here I can say C1 here I can say C two
2:22 here I can say A1 here I can say E2 this
2:25 is side one of a company this is PSI 2
2:31 of a company this is side b b of side
2:34 one of B company this is side two of B
2:36 company this is side one of C complete
2:39 this is side Co of side two of C company
2:44 like this this providers will connects
2:47 multiple customer network provider is
2:49 responsible to provide you connectivity
2:52 between two points let's say this size
3:05 Mumbai so provider is responsible to
3:07 connect two sites together like Mumbai
3:09 sites Network and Bangalore sites
3:11 Network are connected together through
3:14 service provider Network and this is the
3:17 PE router let's say guys this service
3:20 provider have 5000 customers this
3:23 service provider have 5000 customer and
3:26 there will be lots of router right in
3:28 the service provider Network that are P
3:31 router that is PE rotor provider router
3:33 okay so let's say this service provider
3:37 have connected 500 customer done so like
3:38 this you can see there are three
3:41 customer like this suppose that this
3:43 service provider have connect 500
3:45 customer like there is here is one PE
3:48 rotor here is one p rotter here is and
3:49 this service provider is let's say
3:52 Airtel then any service provider you can
3:57 say guys first of all tell me if this
4:00 sites is if this sites is
4:05 you know sharing 1000 prefixes this side
4:09 sharing 1000 prefixes to this side here
4:12 okay this side have one thousand
4:13 prefixes and this side have Also let's
4:18 say 1000 prefixes now whenever user from
4:21 this company will communicate with the
4:23 user of this company let's say here is
4:26 one user whose IP address is
4:30 10.1.1.1 and all all are all customer
4:32 can use same network as well in vrf we
4:34 have discussed this okay this is the IP
4:37 address of a user who is sitting in this
4:39 company and here is one user who is
4:41 sitting in this company whose IP address
4:42 is let's say
4:47 10.1.2.1 getting my point okay so
4:50 10.1.1.1 want to communicate with
4:53 10.1.2.1 this machine will generate uh
4:57 icmp traffic if I am taking I am taking
5:00 example of ping so this machine will
5:01 generate icmp traffic and it will
5:04 forward to see router see router will
5:07 forward traffic to P router till here I
5:08 don't have problem because I have only
5:12 two others right but between this P to
5:14 this P there are lots of router there
5:17 are let us say 500 router so all 500
5:19 router will check their routing table
5:23 yes or no and all 5000 Slaughter will
5:25 install this 1000 prefixes in their
5:28 routing table for One customer for One
5:30 customer they have this they will
5:33 install 1000 prefix in their routing
5:36 table so in provider Network right these
5:37 routers should be you know with good
5:40 Hardware this order cannot be the normal
5:42 router otherwise this router cannot
5:45 handle this much amount of prefixes in
5:47 their routing table yes or no like if I
5:49 am connecting 5000 prefixes and total
5:52 number of prefixes which I am receiving
5:55 from customer is let's say twenty
5:57 thousands so these router can know 10
5:59 2500 prefixes in their routing table
6:02 let's suppose when we are not using mpls
6:05 when we are not using mpls if we are not
6:07 using mpls let's say then here in
6:09 service provider Network I have to use
6:11 good Hardware router right I have to use
6:14 good router and that are expensive but
6:16 with the help of mpls we can use normal
6:18 router as well right with the help of
6:21 mpls we can use here normal routers
6:25 because in mpls okay let's let's talk
6:30 about npls later before mpls if P router
6:31 will share
6:34 thousand prefixes of this company in
6:36 this network and all service provider
6:38 will install thousand prefixes in their
6:40 routing table in the same way this
6:41 company is also advertising thousand
6:43 prefixes this company is also
6:45 advertising 1036s because this company
6:47 have thousand number of sites in
6:49 different location so this company will
6:51 have thousand number of prefixes and it
6:53 will advertise to be router and PTP
6:56 router will advertise to all P rotor and
6:58 all P router will install all prefixes
7:00 in their routing table and whenever it
7:03 will receive whenever peer router will
7:04 receive any prefixes it will check their
7:07 routing table like you know when C
7:09 router this router will receive a packet
7:13 where sources 10.1.1 and destination is
7:16 10.1.1.2 what will happen it will check
7:18 it will first open IP header and you
7:21 know size of IP address is 20 byte so it
7:23 will open 20 byte information then it
7:25 will check destination IP then it will
7:28 look up their FIB table routing table
7:30 FIB table forwarding information base
7:33 table okay that is in their data plane
7:35 it will check a 5B Table after that it
7:37 will check two things next of IP address
7:39 and exit interface after that it will
7:42 format to P router again P router will
7:44 check their routing table first it will
7:46 open the IP header then it will check
7:48 the routing table it will find the next
7:50 stop IP address and exist interface then
7:52 it will format to P router and in the
7:55 same way all P routers all provider
7:58 routers will open IP header it will
8:01 check destination IP address it will
8:03 check the routing table it will find
8:05 that a desktop IP address and exit
8:06 interface after that it will format the
8:09 traffic so guys here in the service
8:10 provider Network delay will
8:12 automatically increase delay
8:14 delay
8:17 will automatically increase because in
8:19 service provider Network let's say
8:21 between this speed router to this P
8:24 router there are 1000 routers or 500
8:28 routers so 500 routers will check IP
8:30 header it will open IP address it will
8:31 check routing table it will check the
8:33 next top IP address it will check exit
8:35 interface and then it will process the
8:39 packet so if all 500 routers will you
8:42 know perform uh you know this type of
8:45 processing for one packet then you can
8:47 assume the load on these router guys
8:51 then you can assume the load on provider
8:54 routers first problem is we can not
8:57 handle thousands of prefixes in the
8:59 routing table of these router in the
9:01 provider router P routers are good
9:03 router P router can install thousands of
9:05 prefixes but these router cannot install
9:08 so these are normal routers so don't
9:11 worry we have what mpls now mpls comes
9:15 in picture what mpls said mpm you don't
9:18 need to install prefixes in their
9:19 routing table
9:22 providers router will not install rods
9:25 in their routing table only PE router
9:37 2.1 okay so provider routers will not
9:39 have the roots in their routing table
9:41 now automatically what will happen here
9:44 I can use if these routers don't need to
9:46 install these thousands of prefixes or
9:48 5000 prefixes in their routing table
9:51 then I can use normal router here I can
9:53 use normal router only I need to use
9:56 here good Hardware okay so this is the
9:59 first first benefit and in mpls these
10:02 routers don't need to install rods in
10:04 their routing table because in mpls
10:06 traffic or packet forwarding will done
10:08 on the basis of
10:11 labeling on the basis of labeling guys
10:13 there are few types of ah you know
10:15 packet processing if I will talk about
10:18 the first type of packet processing so
10:19 that is
10:22 process switching first is process
10:24 switching and now we are not using this method
10:25 method
10:28 but this is the first method
10:31 in process switching whenever it will
10:33 receive any frame again it is going to
10:36 check their routing table rib table okay
10:38 after that second type of switching is
10:40 you know second type of switching is called
10:57 third type of switching is called Cisco
11:10 that is self and you have to understand
11:13 sap because mpls is directly connected
11:16 on self okay if sap is not enabled on
11:18 router then mpls you cannot configure
11:20 mpls yes you can configure but there is
11:23 no benefit of enabling mpls if sap is
11:25 disabled and the fourth type of
11:28 switching is called mpls that is mpls
11:31 that is label switching multi-protocol
11:33 label switching means it is a
11:36 combination of multi-protocol and
11:37 switching will done on the basis of
11:41 level here by default you know if I will
11:43 talk about the traditional routing so
11:46 router maintains two type of cable in
11:48 there by two router maintain actually
11:50 two types of table in traditional
11:53 routing if I will talk about
11:56 the router where we have not enabled the
11:58 mpls so let's say I have one daughter
12:01 here R1 and mpls is not enabled on this
12:03 router so this router will have two
12:05 number of table one will be in control plane
12:06 plane
12:08 one table will be there in control plane
12:11 and one table will be there in data plane
12:12 plane
12:15 data plane if I will talk about the
12:19 control plane table so it will maintain
12:21 rib table
12:22 in the control plane if I will talk
12:25 about the data plane table so it will
12:27 maintain a 5B table
12:29 FIB table and whenever it will receive
12:32 the traffic it will check FIB table but
12:35 again when we will enable the mtls on
12:39 this router then it will you know router
12:41 will start maintaining two more table
12:44 one in control plane and one in data
12:46 plane once I will enable mpls it will
12:48 start maintaining two more table one is
12:50 called l
12:55 i b table and one is called l f i b table
12:56 table
12:59 lib stands for label information base
13:02 table and label forwarding information
13:05 base table and now this is like rib
13:07 table and this is like FIB table
13:10 whenever it will receive any traffic in
13:14 any packet it will check this table
13:17 if mpls enabled router is receiving a
13:20 packet it will check this table lfib
13:24 table and on the basis of life lfib
13:26 table routers will take forwarding
13:29 decision in a life every table it will
13:33 store label number with prefixes so in
13:36 this network in this network if we will
13:39 configure mpls these router will not
13:41 install all prefixes in the routing
13:44 table this is the first benefit and
13:46 routers will take forwarding decision on
13:50 the basis of label and size of level is
13:54 only 20 bits only 20 bits so by checking
13:57 20 bits information router will switch
14:00 the packet so here traffic forwarding or
14:02 packet forwarding will be fast as
14:05 compared to earlier as compared to safe
14:08 getting my point because this time it is
14:09 checking only 20 bits information
14:14 earlier it was opening 20 bytes had
14:16 order to check destination IP address
14:18 and after that it will look up their FIB
14:21 table then it will find the next stop IP
14:23 address then exit interface and after
14:24 that in order will process the packet
14:27 but now in ampls it will check only 20
14:31 bits level and after that it can switch the
14:32 the
14:35 packet we will understand how how mpls
14:37 will work just try to understand guys
14:40 why we are going to learn mpls first
14:42 okay I will make you understand all the
14:45 things like how mpls will work how
14:48 orders are going to add that label how
14:51 labeling will work how packet flow is
14:54 there in mpls all things and topic we
14:56 are going to discuss don't worry okay
14:59 but this is day one this is first video
15:01 try to understand today why we come up
15:04 with mpls so first reason is so that in
15:06 service provider network service
15:09 provider order should not install what
15:14 uh all rods of customer okay
15:17 without installing rods of rods of
15:19 customer in their routing table these
15:22 router can format traffic of customer
15:25 from one point to another point with the
15:28 help of label with the help of label so
15:31 delay will also fast here we don't have
15:33 any delay and here we don't need to
15:38 purchase you know uh High CPU High CP
15:40 utilization router or good Hardware here
15:43 I can use normal routers as well okay
15:46 and the second benefit is fast as I told
15:49 you okay that switching will be fast so
15:52 what we'll do what we will do here in P
15:54 to see router we will configure Maybe bzp
15:55 bzp
15:58 and here in service provider Network we
16:02 will configure mpls guys if you have
16:04 less number of router let's say in your
16:06 network there are five routers six Auto
16:08 ten routers then you don't need to use
16:12 mpls mpls is required when we have lots
16:14 of router like if I will talk about the
16:17 ISP network service provider Network in
16:19 these type of network there are lots of
16:22 total 500 5000 you know ten thousands
16:24 routers are there so in those networks
16:28 we need to use mpls and from tomorrow we
16:31 are going to understand how mpls Works
16:35 what it is exactly okay so guys mpls is
16:37 nothing but it is a routing technique
16:40 which we are using in large Network for
16:43 the fast switching for the fast
16:46 switching if I will talk about the mpls
16:49 so mpls will do nothing mpls will add
16:52 one extra header that is mpls header
16:55 between IP header and
16:58 data link header let's say this PC will
17:00 have generate one packet one packet in
17:03 the packet Source app is 10.1.1.1
17:05 destination IP is
17:09 10.1.2.1 after that source Mac is let's
17:11 say 0 a and destination Mac is let's say
17:13 0b that is getable Mac address pc will
17:17 forward this to save to this C router
17:19 and see router will check their routing
17:21 table in their routing table root will
17:23 be available it will forward to this
17:26 router and here on P router mpls is
17:29 enabled so what we order will do p
17:33 router will add one extra header that is 10.1.1.1
17:44 after that it will add one header mpls
17:47 header in this mpls header there will be
17:50 tag number let's say 103 and then layer
17:51 2 header
17:54 let's say we are using serial links hdlc
17:56 header will be there
17:59 I'll see here after that P rotor will
18:01 forward this packet to provide a router
18:04 provider router is not going to check IP
18:07 header provider routers will never check
18:09 IP header that's why I'm telling you
18:12 that this router will will not have root
18:14 as well in their routing table but still
18:18 it can forward the packet because it is
18:20 going to check this information mpls
18:22 header till mpls header it will open
18:25 layer 2 header and mpls header inside
18:27 the mpls header it will see
18:30 the tag number and it will swap the tag
18:32 number we will understand how it will
18:33 swap the tag number and after that it
18:36 will process the packet to their
18:39 neighbor router okay guys so this is all
18:41 about this video about the today video
18:43 today just we have discussed that in
18:46 which scenario we need to use mpls and
18:48 today we will understand what what is
18:50 mpls we will understand sap also what is
18:53 sap acceptable what is the difference
18:57 between rib and FIB table Ohio routers
19:01 build lib table lfib table all things we
19:03 are going to understand in upcoming days
19:05 guys if you have learned something from
19:08 this video please hit on like button if
19:10 you like this playlist mpls playlist
19:13 please let me know in comment that's all
19:15 for today thanks for watching we will
19:18 meet soon in next video till then stay
Chrome Extension