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What is Biochar Concrete? A Beginner's Guide

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if you have clicked on the video you are

probably aware of the environmental

challenges posed by conventional

concrete we all know that concrete

production significantly impacts our

planet's sustainability but what if

there were more eco-friendly

Alternatives among various solutions for

making concrete more sustainable one

such alternative is biochar

concrete a promising option that could

help reduce its environmental footprint

while maintaining strength and durability

durability

let's learn how biochar concrete is

gaining popularity in

construction what is

biochar biochar is a type of charcoal

produced after the thermal decomposition

of organic waste called

pyrolysis pyrolysis involves heating

organic materials like wood agricultural

waste or biomass without the presence of

oxygen this process breaks down the

material into three main products one

gases two two liquids three

biochar while the gases and liquids

formed after the process are used for

energy production the solid byproduct

biochar is what interests us when we

talk about its use in

concrete now that you have understood

how biochar is produced you'll have to

keep in mind that the production of

biochar involves various methods and

techniques of pyrolysis which method to

choose is merely dependent on the type

of biomass moisture content desired

biochar properties and available

resources how can biochar replace cement

in concrete biochar derived from the

pyrolysis of biomass is a carbon-rich

material with the potential to

substitute for cement and improve

structural performance when used in

optimal amounts when we discover or

invent a product that could replace

cement in concrete given cement's

essential role it is desirable that the

alternative material exhibit Superior

performance in all aspects including

cost sustainability and strength biochar

is considered as one such alternative

because of the following reasons one the

structure of biochar exhibits excellent

compatibility with the cement Matrix two

biochar addition modifies and improves

the physical and chemical properties of

the mix three biochar in concrete

improves durability sequesters carbon or

carbon sequestration and mitigates

climatic change

biochar was included for the first time

as a promising negative emission

technology net in the new

intergovernmental panel on climatic

change ipcc special report published on

October 8th

2018 so to truly understand why biochar

is such a promising material for

enhancing concrete it's important to

first explore its inherent properties

let's take a closer look at the Key

properties of biochar that make it a

GameChanger in concrete applications

as mentioned before biochar is a

carbon-rich material created by heating

organic waste like wood crop residues or

even manure in a low oxygen environment

this process is called pyrolysis because

there isn't enough oxygen the material

doesn't burn completely instead it

transforms into a highly stable form of

carbon now why is biochar special

because of its unique structure and

chemical properties it can be used in agriculture

agriculture

water filtration and even concrete today

we're focusing on its role in concrete

and how it affects the hydration process of

cement the micr structure of

biochar now imagine we zoom into biochar

under a powerful microscope what would

we see one a highly porous

structure biochar is full of tiny pores

and channels these pores come from the

original cellular structure of the plant

material it was made from

two a large surface area because of its

porous Nature biochar has a huge surface

area compared to its size a tiny amount

of biochar can have hundreds of square

meters of surface area three functional

groups on its surface biochar contains

hydroxy o and carboxy cooh groups these

chemical groups make biochar reactive

with water and cement particles now

let's compare this with the micro

structure of concrete to understand how they

they

interact the micro structure of concrete

concrete is a composite material made of

cement water sand and Aggregates the key

component that binds everything together

is cement paste which under goes a

hydration reaction when mixed with water

when cement hydrates it forms one

calcium silicate hydrate CSH this is the

most important product it's what gives

concrete its strength and durability

it forms tiny gel-like structures that

fill the space between sand and

Aggregates hardening over time two

calcium hydroxide CH this is a byproduct

of hydration it's not very strong but it

helps maintain the alkalinity of

concrete three attrite and other

hydration phases these help with early

stage setting and volume stability of

concrete however traditional concrete

has some problems at the micr structural

level it has capillary pores which allow

water and chemicals to seep in leading

to cracks it releases a lot of CO2

during cement production making it environmentally

environmentally

harmful now let's explore what happens

when biochar is added to concrete when

biochar is mixed into concrete it

changes the hydration process in several

ways one water absorption and internal

curing because of its poorest structure

bio biochar absorbs extra water from the

concrete mix but instead of just holding

it biochar slowly releases water back

over time this keeps the hydration

process going for a longer period

reducing cracks and improving long-term

strength think of it like a tiny

Reservoir inside the concrete helping

the material cure better from the

inside two strength and durability

enhancement the large surface area of

biochar provides extra nucleation sites

for CSH formation this means more

binding material is created making the

concrete stronger the pores in biochar

can trap harmful ions like chloride and

sulfate reducing corrosion in reinforced

concrete three carbon sequestration and CO2

CO2

absorption biochar traps carbon

permanently preventing it from returning

to the atmosphere as CO2 some studies

show that biocar concrete can absorb CO2

from the air during curing making it

even more environmentally

friendly four workability and setting

time because biochar absorbs water

adding too much can make fresh concrete

stiff and less workable to fix this the

water content in the mix may need to be

adjusted in small amounts biochar

doesn't delay setting time significantly

but at higher doses it can slow down the process

process

let's compare traditional concrete with

biochar concrete traditional concrete

and biochar concrete differ in several

key aspects traditional concrete has a

dense structure with capillary pores

while biochar concrete is more porous

but retains water aiding curing Strength

In traditional concrete relies on CSH

formation whereas biochar enhances

strength through its nucleation effect

durability improves in biochar concrete

due to internal curing reducing

shrinkage cracks in terms of CO2

emissions traditional concrete is high

due to cement use but biochar concrete

lowers emissions by capturing carbon

lastly while traditional concrete has

minimal water absorption biochar

concrete absorbs more water which helps in

curing so what's really happening when

biochar is added to concrete at the micr

structural level it absorbs water stores

carbon and provides extra B sites for

cement hydration at the performance

level it improves strength durability

and resistance to cracking at the

environmental level it reduces CO2

emissions and makes concrete more

sustainable the key is getting the right

balance too little biochar won't have

much effect too much can reduce

workability and require mixed

adjustments but when used correctly

biochar has huge potential to make the

construction industry Greener and more

durable for more deep dives into

Sustainable Building techniques follow

along we've got plenty more coming your way

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