0:02 hello there guys and welcome back to
0:04 another installment of Trey explains the
0:07 Bible it's been a while hasn't it today
0:08 I've got a video for you guys I've been
0:11 cooking up I will discuss ten and
0:14 probably more reported intentional
0:16 changes that have been made to the Bible
0:18 over the centuries and what they exactly
0:21 mean in the context of history I will
0:22 also be giving you guys a quick
0:24 discussion of how the Bible came to us
0:26 in its modern form let me be clear
0:28 before we start my job isn't to tell you
0:30 what these mean to your particular faith
0:33 or lack of faith I'm not here to
0:36 disprove Christianity or Judaism my job
0:39 is to just give you guys the facts in
0:40 research of biblical scholars and
0:43 scientists so without further ado let's
0:44 get into it
0:46 a few basics about the Bible that you
0:50 don't commonly hear about the Bible is
0:51 perhaps one of the most important texts
0:54 in history composed of the Old and New
0:56 Testament it serves as the primary holy
0:58 book for all of Christianity the Hebrew
1:00 Bible which is composed primarily of
1:01 what is the Old Testament to Christians
1:04 serves as one of the primary holy texts
1:06 for the Jews both old and New Testaments
1:08 also serve a lesser role in Islam the
1:10 world's second largest religion about
1:13 four billion people worldwide look to
1:15 the Bible as authentic Word of God the
1:18 words and verses in these texts have
1:20 been translated into pretty much every
1:22 known language surviving today and the
1:24 statements and teachings in the Bible
1:26 affect the judgments of billions what
1:29 Moses or what Jesus reportedly said
1:31 thousands of years ago very much remain
1:32 significant to a large portion of
1:35 humanity from Texas congressman to
1:37 Ugandan priests it is no stretch of the
1:39 imagination that the words in the Bible
1:42 can be a matter of life or death to some
1:43 across the globe
1:46 therefore it seems that getting the
1:48 words sayings and statements given in
1:50 the Bible as accurate as possible is
1:54 very much important when I was a kid in
1:56 my nondenominational Southern Church yes
1:58 I was brought up Christian I was taught
2:00 the doctrine of biblical inerrancy or
2:03 the belief that the Bible is without
2:05 error or Fault in all of its teachings I
2:07 was taught that the Bible was the
2:10 unchanged and preserved Word of God in
2:12 essence it means that the books for
2:14 and words of the Bible haven't been
2:16 changed or altered since they were
2:18 written down around 2,000 years ago for
2:20 the New Testament texts such as the
2:22 Gospels or even older for the Old
2:25 Testament book such as Genesis I always
2:27 assumed because nobody told me otherwise
2:29 that we had some old physical copies of
2:32 the Bible written by Moses or Jesus's
2:34 disciples or someone of biblical
2:36 importance in modern English mind you
2:39 lying around somewhere that all our
2:40 modern copies are completely without
2:42 change or alteration when compared to
2:45 these ancient original texts the holy
2:47 book has remained constant since the
2:50 beginning of time every word every comma
2:53 every period has remained the same with
2:56 the help of God himself it was only much
2:58 later that I learned that in truth what
3:00 I was taught in church was somewhat
3:02 misleading if not wholly inaccurate in
3:04 the actual history of the Bible itself
3:06 isn't far more complicated few
3:07 Christians besides those that go to
3:09 seminary school even get a chance to
3:10 learn about the histories and
3:12 intricacies surrounding the ancient
3:14 texts that make up the most important
3:16 book in human history for instance
3:18 because I'm stupid I guess
3:19 it took me till my teens to learn that
3:21 the Bible was originally not written in
3:24 English duh I'm not alone though many a
3:26 US Congressmen have made the same
3:30 mistake the original New Testament was
3:31 written in Greek which was then
3:34 translated into Latin by the Vulgate and
3:37 or into English by the Tyndale Bible or
3:39 King James Bible by later Christian
3:40 scribes in the Middle Ages and later
3:43 this is made even more curious when one
3:45 acknowledges that Jesus's sayings would
3:48 have been spoken in Aramaic the common
3:50 language in Judea at that time not Greek
3:53 which means our modern Bible is at best
3:56 a translation of a translation and in
3:58 some circumstances a translation of a
4:00 translation of a translation of what
4:02 Jesus originally would have said from
4:04 the air may to Greek to Latin or English
4:08 I digress what if I told you that our
4:11 modern Bible has been changed and that
4:13 the Bible of two thousand years ago is
4:15 different than the Bible that survives
4:18 today would you believe me well you
4:20 don't have to because this is no secret
4:22 even Christian and Jewish scholars will
4:24 acknowledge this fact again something
4:26 you don't typically learn and
4:28 Church is that unlike in my childhood
4:30 dream there is not some thousands of
4:33 years old master copy of the Bible under
4:35 lock and key in the Vatican or Library
4:37 of Congress in truth the Bible and the
4:39 books that contains today the Gospel of
4:43 Matthew or Exodus are based on copies
4:45 upon copies upon copies of more ancient
4:48 texts until you get to the now lost
4:51 quote-unquote originals it may be best
4:53 to illustrate this concept by example
4:55 this is a clear oversimplification of
4:57 the truth by the way it's not really a
4:59 simple linear path of descent but you
5:02 get the idea the Bible you might find
5:04 placed in a dirty motel nightstand is a
5:07 Gideon's Bible named after a Christian
5:09 organization that tries to distribute as
5:11 many copies of this Bible as possible
5:14 across the world now these Bibles are
5:16 often in the ESV or English standard
5:19 version published in 2001 they have been
5:22 rendered into modern English to best
5:26 suit a 21st century audience the ESV is
5:27 itself a translation of the Revised
5:31 Standard Version of 1952 which is itself
5:33 a revision of the American Standard
5:36 Version of 1901 which is a translation
5:38 of the English revised version of the
5:41 late 1800s which is finally a revision
5:43 of the King James Version published in
5:45 1611 the King James Version of the Bible
5:48 is the granddaddy to pretty much all
5:51 later English translations staying with
5:53 me so far so you might be noticing that
5:57 there is a huge gap between 1611 and 33
5:59 AD when Jesus supposedly died where
6:01 exactly did the King James Bible come
6:04 from well the King James used several
6:07 sources for its translation for the Old
6:09 Testament it used a translation into
6:11 English of the Greek Masoretic text or
6:14 MT primarily copied edited and
6:16 distributed by a group of Jews known as
6:18 the Meza rights between the 7th and 10th
6:20 centuries ad the oldest surviving copy
6:22 of one of these texts dated to around
6:24 the ninth century but then again the 7th
6:26 and 10th centuries are seven to ten
6:29 hundred years away from Jesus where did
6:30 these come from
6:32 well these measure attic texts are themselves
6:33 themselves
6:35 copies based off of a now lost older
6:38 text in an older one still until we
6:39 finally reach the ridge
6:41 original Old Testament of the Bible
6:44 which has been lost to time a similar
6:46 thing can be done with the New Testament
6:49 where copies of copies of copies some
6:51 lost some surviving can trace us back to
6:53 the text written shortly after the time
6:56 of Jesus in any case well you begin to
6:57 find is that the foundations of our
7:00 modern Bibles aren't truth based off of
7:03 only a few lines of these copies of the
7:05 originals and when you zoom out there's
7:07 an entire web of different cousin Bible
7:10 lines working parallel to the ones our
7:13 modern Bibles have used like the MT line
7:15 or the Vulgate line that can be mapped
7:18 out like a family tree all of them being
7:20 able to trace back to the original texts
7:22 created thousands of years ago for
7:24 instance we have the Vulgate a latin
7:26 version of the Bible used in Catholic
7:28 churches which shares a common origin
7:31 text with MT but contains unmistakable
7:34 differences archaeology has been of
7:35 crucial importance to biblical
7:37 scholarship for hundreds of years
7:38 archaeologists have been uncovering
7:41 older versions of the Bible buried in
7:44 ancient houses or in caves dated all the
7:48 way back to the 1st century AD in BC for
7:49 instance we have the Codex van Atticus
7:53 or be written in Greek sometime around
7:55 the 300s ad and kept in the Vatican
7:57 library since at least the 15th century
7:59 it is one of the oldest copies of the
8:02 Bible in its recognizable form Codex
8:05 Sinaiticus written around 330 to 360 AD
8:07 is held today in the British Library in
8:10 London we have fragmentary documents of
8:12 Aquila of sign opes translation the
8:15 bible written in the 2nd century even
8:16 older copies of individual books as
8:18 opposed to complete bibles can be found
8:21 even further back papyrus 66 discovered
8:24 in egypt and dated to around 200 ad as a
8:27 near-complete codex of the Gospel of
8:30 John the famous Dead Sea Scrolls a
8:31 collection of ancient manuscripts
8:32 provide us some of the oldest and
8:35 extensive copies of the Old Testament
8:37 although all these documents and
8:39 manuscripts are mere copies of originals
8:41 they nonetheless are valuable to us
8:43 scholars have uncovered literally
8:45 hundreds of different copies of texts
8:47 from the Bible and what they have
8:49 discovered about these texts is that
8:51 when compared with one another say
8:53 papyrus 75 with
8:55 codex sinaiticus or the MT with the Dead
8:57 Sea Scrolls the text generally read the
8:59 same if not near exactly in most places
9:03 but in others they vary it can be
9:06 different in minor and even major ways
9:09 how do we know the Bible has been
9:11 changed these areas of alteration or
9:13 changed between biblical copies are
9:18 called textual variants Wikipedia has an
9:20 entire page dedicated to catalog in the
9:21 work of biblical scholars and
9:23 identifying these points of variation
9:26 almost every text we discover there
9:28 appears to be dozens of differences when
9:31 it is compared with others these changes
9:33 likely occur during copies of older
9:35 versions of the text tracing back to the
9:38 originals a monk or scribed would
9:41 manually and painstakingly copy by hand
9:43 every word from one document to a newer
9:46 parchment four texts as long as the
9:48 Bible this could take weeks if not
9:52 months if not a year of dedication this
9:54 was the world of publishing books prior
9:56 to the printing press some changes made
9:59 by scribes are accidental or a simple
10:00 use of a different word to convey the
10:03 same idea a clear example of this is the
10:06 New Testament book of Hebrews according
10:08 to most manuscripts chapter 1 verse 3
10:12 reads like this Christ bears all things
10:13 by the word of his power
10:16 however in codex phonetic us the
10:18 original scribe wrote a slightly
10:20 different verse with a verb that sounded
10:22 similar in Greek Christ manifests all
10:25 things by the word of his power a minor
10:27 difference but a change nonetheless a
10:29 second scribe centuries later would read
10:31 this verse and the newer replicated
10:34 manuscript and decide to change the word
10:35 manifests back to the more common
10:38 reading bears straight up erasing the
10:41 word on the document and writing the new
10:43 one in the blank space even later a
10:45 third scribe would read the exact same
10:47 verse on the manuscript notice the
10:49 alteration main place predecessor and
10:51 erased bears and change it back to
10:54 manifests the scribe then proceeded to
10:55 put a note written in Greek in the
10:57 margin calling the altering scribe an
11:00 idiot for changing the verse saying fool
11:02 and knave leave the old reading don't
11:05 change it or as a different translation
11:06 puts it I kid you not
11:09 you look like a cuckoo you can still see
11:11 this note in the margin to this day and
11:12 one of the oldest copies of the Bible
11:15 and that was just one word it
11:17 illustrates that not only did copying
11:19 errors and changes exist but they might
11:21 have been abundant in the Bible's early
11:22 days when there were less qualified
11:26 scribes to identify such errors another
11:28 example of a scribe a mistake can be
11:31 seen in Luke chapter 12 verse 8 and 9
11:33 which typically reads whoever confesses
11:35 me before humans the Son of Man will
11:38 confess before the angels of God but
11:40 whoever denies me well before humans
11:42 will deny before the angels of God
11:45 however in our oldest papyrus manuscript
11:47 of this passage all of verse 9 is left
11:50 off as biblical scholar Barr Erman says
11:51 it is not difficult to see how the
11:53 mistake was made the scribe copied the
11:55 words before the angels of God in verse
11:57 8 and when his I returned to the page he
12:00 picked up the same words in verse 9 and
12:01 assumed those were the words just copied
12:04 and so he proceeded to copy verse 10
12:07 leaving out verse 9 altogether you can
12:09 find hundreds of similar errors and
12:11 mistakes like these throughout the text
12:14 that survived to us today but other
12:16 changes as we will discuss in a second
12:18 appear to have not been mere mistakes
12:21 but intentional and motivated
12:24 alterations to the text in some versions
12:28 verses words or entire passages have
12:30 been added subtracted or changed beyond
12:33 recognition scholars both Christian
12:35 Jewish and Gnostic and atheist often
12:37 agree and recognize the evidence for
12:39 such intentional changes there are also
12:41 other examples where the Greek text has
12:43 said one thing but later translators
12:45 rendering the text into a different
12:47 language have simply made their own
12:49 versions and what the text should say to
12:52 solve perceived contradictions other
12:54 additions are just that wholly new
12:56 additions that weren't part of the text
12:58 at all I will spend the rest of this
13:00 video featuring a few of these reported
13:02 changes in the histories and context
13:07 associated with them goliaths height the
13:09 battle between the young King David in
13:11 the giant Philistine Goliath and the Old
13:13 Testament book of Samuel is well known
13:15 and perhaps needs no introduction the
13:17 encounter is often depicted in cartoons
13:19 and children's books a tiny boy up against
13:20 against
13:23 the giant has described in the English
13:25 Bible Houston churches today in 1st
13:28 Samuel Chapter 17 verse 4 reads a length
13:31 of this a champion named Goliath who was
13:33 from Gath came out of the Philistine
13:36 camp his height was six cubits and a
13:38 span this height would by modern
13:40 estimates be a little less than 10 feet
13:42 tall towering over the tallest recorded
13:46 man ever Robert when lo as stated before
13:48 this height originates in the Masoretic
13:51 text or MT written around the late 1st
13:54 millennium ad however all the oldest
13:56 copies of this book in verse such as the
13:58 SEPA gen and notably the Dead Sea
14:00 Scrolls from the 1st century BC render
14:03 Goliath height as a much shorter four
14:05 cubits and a span or six feet nine
14:08 inches a more historically plausible and
14:09 realistic height when compared to the
14:11 other reading this shorter Goliath is
14:13 also confirmed by other historical non
14:15 biblical texts such as the writings of
14:18 the historian Josephus in the 1st
14:21 century AD it seems like the older four
14:22 cubits and a span reading was the
14:25 original text of Samuel as opposed to
14:27 the 6 cubits in the span reading
14:29 Christian scholar and professor J Daniel
14:31 Hays agrees with this assessment and
14:33 argues for reducing the last height in
14:36 modern Bibles the motivation for this
14:38 change seems likely to have been that of
14:41 a tall tale literally in this case later
14:43 scribes perhaps wanting to make David's
14:44 achievement of slain a formidable
14:47 opponent even more impressive just as a
14:48 fisherman is prone to exaggerate the
14:50 length of his catch and retellings of
14:53 his story over time Goliath went from an
14:55 abnormally but yet plausible hiked to
14:57 monster out of Mythology in legend
15:01 number 9 gospel titles and authors the
15:03 titles and authors given in the Gospels
15:05 of the New Testament read in most Bibles
15:07 in large bold texts the Gospel of Mark
15:10 the Gospel of Luke the Gospel of Matthew
15:13 and the Gospel John we as readers are
15:15 led to assume in some Bibles outright
15:18 state that these books were written by
15:21 Jesus's disciples indirect eyewitnesses
15:23 to the events they described Matthew
15:25 being written by well Jesus disciple
15:27 Matthew the former tax collector John
15:30 written by John son of Zebedee and in
15:32 the case of Mark a man connected with
15:33 Peter and
15:35 Luke named after a traveling companion
15:37 mentioned by Paul in Colossians
15:39 however this couldn't be further from
15:41 the truth as confirmed by early
15:43 manuscripts of the documents themselves
15:46 originally these Gospels were untitled
15:49 and did not name any sort of author they
15:51 were written anonymously in the authors
15:53 whoever they might have been never
15:54 groped their names nor did they write in
15:56 the first person or insert themselves
15:58 into the narratives this was no secret
16:00 or even something that interested early
16:03 Christians it was likely assumed at the
16:04 time that these texts were not written
16:07 by the disciples or by anyone who had
16:09 significance in Jesus's life it's
16:10 actually quite obvious that the
16:11 disciples hadn't written these texts
16:13 when one notes that they were written in
16:16 Greek by educated Greek speakers likely
16:18 outside of Israel maybe from Greece Asia
16:21 Minor figure Egypt literacy and the
16:23 ancient world was rare by a modern
16:25 estimates at the best of times antiquity
16:27 only about 10% or so of the population
16:30 was able to read and most of these were
16:32 concentrated in urban areas like cities
16:34 and not in the type of areas where
16:36 Jesus's disciples might have been from
16:38 keep in mind most of them were fishermen
16:40 and hard laborers in the countryside by
16:43 all accounts peasants the ability to
16:44 read is one thing in the ancient world
16:46 it was another to be able to write and
16:49 compose a literary work few people in
16:50 the 1st and 2nd centuries would have
16:52 been able to produce something like the
16:54 Gospels the few there were would have
16:56 been from eastern cities of the Roman
16:59 Empire like Alexandria most scholars
17:00 agree that none of the Gospels were
17:03 written by eyewitnesses and more likely
17:05 to have been written by urban Christians
17:07 who were recording oral and written
17:09 traditions sayings and stories about
17:11 Jesus in his life passed down in
17:14 compiling them in a unified text the
17:16 Gospels themselves are not apologetic
17:18 about this the Gospel of Matthew is
17:20 written completely in the third-person
17:23 using they to refer to the disciples and
17:25 never we the tax collector turned
17:27 disciple Matthew was never referred to
17:31 as me but instead just him there is zero
17:33 indication in the actual text that we
17:34 are supposed to be lent to believed this
17:36 man also wrote what we are currently
17:38 reading same thing with Luke and Mark
17:41 the author of the Gospel of John clearly
17:42 makes a distinction between himself and
17:45 his informant an unnamed disciple whom
17:46 Jesus loves
17:48 who was the source of the stories and
17:50 traditions he is writing down at the end
17:53 of the gospel the end of the Gospel of
17:55 John reads like this Peter turned and
17:57 saw the disciple whom Jesus loved was
17:59 following them this is the disciple who
18:01 has testified to these things and has
18:03 written them we know that his testimony
18:06 is true Jesus did many other things as
18:08 well if every one of them were written
18:09 down I suppose that even the whole world
18:11 would not have room for the books that
18:14 would be written the anonymous author is
18:15 simply stating he gathered this
18:17 information for this text from an
18:19 eyewitness of Jesus and that he had not
18:22 met Jesus himself the author dictated
18:23 the gospel from this individual however
18:25 they might have been it was only
18:27 traditions made decades after the
18:30 construction that tried to tie names to
18:32 these untitled and anonymous texts in
18:34 the names just stuck even though there
18:36 is no factual or textual basis for them
18:39 in the texts themselves explicitly argue
18:41 against it to early Christians it didn't
18:43 matter to them who the authors of these
18:45 texts were however later Christians
18:47 wanted to bring more authenticity to the
18:49 documents by making their authors direct
18:51 eyewitnesses to the events they
18:52 described they would essentially take
18:54 names that were mentioned in the New
18:56 Testament and say yeah that guy wrote
18:59 this with no corroborating evidence the
19:01 tradition in our modern Bibles of
19:02 providing names and authors to the
19:04 Gospels is just not accurate to the
19:07 original text I will continue to refer
19:09 to these as Mark Luke etcetera for the
19:13 sake of brevity number eight women
19:16 omitted it may be a surprise to learn
19:18 that one of the major divisions in early
19:19 Christianity was that of the role of
19:22 women in the church we know from
19:24 historical records in Christian writings
19:27 that certain sects believed women should
19:28 have a large involvement in the church
19:32 while other sects were more sexist often
19:33 limiting women's rights and capabilities
19:35 within the confines of religion for
19:37 instance preventing women to read or
19:40 teach scribes belonging to these two
19:42 sects clashed sometimes over the
19:44 translations of certain verses for
19:47 example in Romans 16 Paul lists several
19:49 names and greetings to fellow Christians
19:53 of the day and verse 7 he writes salute
19:56 Andronicus and Junia my kinsmen and my
19:58 fellow prisoners who are of note among
20:00 the Apostles who also were in Christ
20:03 for me Paul names Andronicus a male name
20:05 and Junia a female name suggesting
20:07 they're husband and wife to one another
20:10 as for most among the Apostles it is
20:13 notable as it outright states women can
20:15 become apostles and notably church
20:18 leaders this would support the pro-women
20:20 sects some later translators who ever
20:23 rendered jr. as Junius a masculine name
20:26 anand ronica snow longer as her husband
20:28 but as a traveling companion just two
20:33 bros supporting the sexist sex ooh try
20:35 saying that a lot of times this is
20:37 strange as although jr. was a very
20:39 common name for a woman back in those
20:41 days there is absolutely no evidence in
20:43 the ancient world for the name as Junius
20:45 for a dude's name it is very clear Paul
20:47 was referring to a woman in this text
20:49 and acknowledging her as an apostle but
20:51 still to this day some Bibles continue
20:54 to her to Junya as a man rather than a
20:57 woman some other manuscripts have tried
20:58 to circumvent this possible pro-women
21:00 leanings in other ways
21:03 rendering salute Andronicus and Junia my
21:05 kinsmen and my fellow prisoners who are
21:07 of note among the Apostles who also were
21:10 in Christ before me as salute Andronicus
21:13 and Junia my relatives and also greet my
21:15 fellow prisoners who are foremost among
21:18 the Apostles in this version a woman is
21:20 again no longer an apostle but merely a
21:22 relative of Paul changing the whole
21:25 meaning of the text there are dozens of
21:27 other minor changes just like these that
21:29 seemed to have been made to reduce the
21:30 role of women in the early Christian
21:33 church prominent women become in some
21:35 versions the wives of prominent men
21:37 instances where the wife was named
21:39 before the husband were reversed and
21:42 others priscilla and aquila two Aquila
21:45 and Priscilla Minor and petty changes
21:47 many of these may be they reflect of
21:49 movement by scribes to reduce or
21:50 increase the role of women in the early
21:53 church and illustrate a textual battle
21:55 of sorts and we can still see this in
21:57 the early copies of the Bible that
21:59 survived to us today
22:02 number seven forgiveness on the cross
22:05 the Gospel of Luke recounts Jesus's
22:07 crucifixion in Jerusalem and when they
22:09 came to the place that is called the
22:11 skull they crucified Him there along
22:14 with criminals on his right and another
22:16 on his left and Jesus said Father
22:18 forgive them for they don't know what
22:19 they are doing
22:22 Jesus's Prayer Father forgive them for
22:23 they don't know what they are doing is
22:26 often seen as an illustration of Jesus's
22:27 compassion and kindness towards those
22:28 who are killing him
22:31 displaying forgiveness where most would
22:33 seek vengeance it's a very nice quote
22:35 and personally one of my favorites
22:37 however this line curiously is missing
22:39 and some of the older manuscripts of
22:42 Luke the earliest Greek copy papyrus P
22:46 75 dated to about 200 AD as well as a
22:48 few other later texts completely lacks
22:51 the prayer of forgiveness reading like
22:53 this when they came to the place called
22:54 the skull they crucified Him there along
22:57 with the criminals on his right the
22:59 other on his left they divided up his
23:01 clothes by casting Lots the people stood
23:03 watching and the rulers even sneered at
23:05 him but the prayer exists in other
23:07 copies such as the codex Sinaiticus
23:10 so this raises the question was the
23:12 prayer originally in the gospel and then
23:15 removed in some versions or was it not
23:17 originally in the gospel and then added
23:20 later in some versions scholars are
23:22 divided on this the motivation
23:24 surrounding the alteration of this verse
23:27 appear very clear in the prayer Jesus
23:29 would be formally wiping away the blame
23:31 for those crucifying him namely the
23:34 Romans and Jews anti-semitism was
23:35 prevalent in certain sects of
23:37 Christianity and there were some groups
23:39 who blamed and persecuted the Jewish
23:42 people for crucifying Jesus these groups
23:43 might have found it in their best
23:46 interest to omit the line to justify
23:48 their actions others suggest adding the
23:49 line would allow the gospel to gain
23:52 water acceptance in a Roman audience and
23:54 under Roman government who might be
23:56 pleased with being explicitly absolved
23:59 of Jesus's execution to this day we
24:00 still don't know and perhaps we'll never
24:03 know which verse came first and why was
24:05 the prayer forgiveness originally there
24:08 or not all we know is that one of the
24:10 variants is not the original
24:12 the text has been altered at some point
24:15 is our modern version wrong or are the
24:18 older versions incorrect we don't know
24:22 number six the Johanna in kama the
24:24 Trinity or the Christian Godhead is a
24:26 central doctrine in most sects of
24:29 Christianity today which states God is
24:31 one but also three distinct beings at
24:33 the same time the Father the Son and the
24:36 Holy Spirit or Holy Ghost the concept is
24:38 so commonplace in the religion now that
24:40 some believers never learned that there
24:42 was once in fact much heated and even
24:44 violent and even deadly debate between
24:46 Christians that believed in the Trinity
24:48 and those that did not if one reads
24:50 carefully the doctrine is never
24:52 explicitly stated in the New Testament
24:55 and was thus not solidified in the Canon
24:57 nor believed by all Christians for
24:59 centuries one of the few verses in the
25:01 New Testament that operates state the
25:02 doctrine of the Trinity appears in
25:05 chapter 5 verse 7 and 8 of the First
25:07 Epistle of John reading in the King
25:09 James Bible as there are three that bear
25:12 record in heaven the father the word in
25:14 the Holy Ghost and these three are one
25:17 and there are three that bear witness in
25:19 earth the spirit in the water in the
25:22 blood and these three agree in one that
25:24 particular statement for there are three
25:26 that bear record in heaven the father
25:28 the word and the Holy Ghost in these
25:30 three are one has come under question by
25:33 modern biblical scholars it does not
25:35 appear in any of our oldest manuscripts
25:37 of this text all of these instead read
25:40 like this for there are three that
25:42 testify the spirit and the water and the
25:45 blood and the three are in agreement or
25:47 there are three witnesses bearers the
25:50 spirit and the water in the blood even
25:51 early Christians have believed in the
25:53 Trinity such as clement of alexandria
25:55 when quoting this particular verse did
25:57 not include the extra words the father
25:59 the word in the Holy Ghost the extra
26:01 words have been given the name the
26:03 Johanna and comma by modern scholars and
26:05 is overwhelmingly understood to be an
26:07 addition to the original version of
26:10 Hurst John first appearing in the Latin
26:12 Vulgate after the ninth century and in
26:13 Greek manuscripts in the fifteenth
26:16 century in all older manuscripts the
26:19 comma is completely absent the comma
26:21 seems to have originated as a marginal
26:23 note in some Latin manual
26:25 during the Middle Ages similar to the
26:27 one we see in the Codex phonetic Asst
26:29 that one scribe calling the other an
26:31 idiot however over time the marginal
26:34 note was either accidentally or
26:36 intentionally incorporated into the
26:39 actual text of the Vulgate these altered
26:41 text the Vulgate were then translated
26:44 back into Greek which then served as the
26:45 basis for the English King James
26:48 versions it is now widely recognized
26:50 that the johanan comma one of the only
26:51 examples where the Trinity is explicitly
26:54 stated in the Bible was not a part of
26:56 the original text of first John and
26:58 since the late 1800s have perhaps
27:00 correctly been omitted in future
27:03 versions of the Bible check what your
27:05 Bible says and see if it has kept the
27:09 johanan comma or removed it okay so this
27:10 video is long enough already so I think
27:13 I might split it into two parts stay
27:15 tuned for the last six changes to the
27:17 Bible in our next episode and make sure
27:18 you check out this stuff for yourself
27:20 open up your Bible and read it because
27:22 there's some pretty cool stuff in there
27:25 alright thank you for watching trail
27:26 explainer and hope to see you next time
27:28 I will probably do a dinosaur one in
27:31 between this in the next part so stay
27:33 tuned hopefully I get it out pretty soon
27:41 bye oh for the longest time
