0:20 Chile farming is certainly a profitable
0:23 Venture which requires a substantial
0:25 amount of investment and so it's very
0:27 important that you consider all cost
0:30 involved before venturing into fing my
0:32 name is Anam and this is the ghanian
0:35 farmer thanks for joining us again this
0:37 week if this is your first time please
0:39 subscribe and share all the link that
0:41 you watching but if it's anything
0:43 pertaining agriculture in Ghana and
0:46 Africa this is the best platform this
0:48 week we're going to be enlightening you
0:51 about chili farming and why you need to
0:54 carefully consider before going into
0:55 that I'm going for a quick Brea that
0:57 when I come back the operations manager
0:59 here at mathless will be enlightening us
1:02 about Chile farming get interactive on
1:04 our social media platform Facebook
1:07 LinkedIn Instagram and on X the ghanian
1:25 [Music]
1:28 tuned thanks for staying if you just
1:30 tuning in you're watching the Ghan
1:32 Farmer and the focus is on Chili thanks
1:34 for joining me sir you're welcome so
1:36 what kind of vegetable is chili
1:38 chili uh
1:40 uh
1:44 chili is in the we call it in the
1:46 the
1:50 capsicum crop family yes and in that
1:53 capsicum we have chili pepper we have
1:56 hot pepper we have bell pepper or some
1:58 people call it sweet pepper okay or some
2:00 people call it green pepper right so
2:04 these are all in that same category but
2:07 when we come to when we say Chili Pepper
2:10 we are then narrowing it down to a
2:15 specific treat of breed in that capsicum
2:18 family and it is
2:25 a a hot beverage or spice it's a hot
2:31 spices that is chili and when it comes
2:35 to its benefits to the consumer it
2:39 offers a lot of nutritional benefits to
2:41 the consumer not only enhancing the
2:44 flavor of our food because most people
2:46 if there's no pepper in the food you eat
2:49 you feel like vomiting no we are not
2:51 like the eastern African people West
2:53 Africa we like our food hot and
2:56 spicy I see now what kind of soil is
3:00 good for chili farming uh chili like
3:01 like
3:05 most most or many other vegetables
3:09 prefers a Sandy loomy soil okay Alum
3:13 soil these are the most preferred soils
3:18 for vegetables okay with a pH of between
3:20 5.5 to
3:24 6.8 okay if you get your soil with with
3:28 this pH what it means is that your
3:31 nutrients your soil fertilizer you apply
3:33 will be available for your CR to take
3:36 okay so that is the most one most single
3:38 important chemical feature that you also
3:41 have to consider on your soil even if
3:45 you see your soil is Sandy Loom or LOM
3:48 soil but then the pH also is most
3:50 another important thing to look at okay
3:54 is chili direct planting or it is by
3:58 nursing CH we do uh nursing M we do
4:08 seing establish and the nursy is ready
4:10 for transplanting then we do
4:13 transplanting okay do you do the nursery
4:16 in open field or in your green house
4:19 before you move in here so for us uhhuh
4:23 we do both greenhous in Open Nest okay
4:25 but each of them has his advantages and
4:28 disadvantages so the the advantages of
4:31 the greenhouse n over waste that of the
4:34 open open field so when you do the
4:38 greenhouse n yeah we are doing Precision
4:40 agriculture okay and in that what I mean
4:45 is that you do your n on a seed three
4:48 and on that seed tree you are giving a
4:51 seed to a cell and when you give a seed
4:52 to a
4:55 cell the amount of nutrients that you
4:59 provide to seed seedling a is the same
5:02 we are providing for Sim B so you don't
5:06 get that variation of growth as compared
5:09 to the open field when you do your CD
5:11 like you broadcasted a lot of them so
5:14 they are struggling and competing forut
5:16 nutrients and sunlight so at the end of
5:17 the day the time that you are
5:21 transplanting you get like 50 60% that
5:24 are ready for transplanting and the rest
5:25 are not ready are not ready for
5:28 transplanting and when you have when you
5:31 are cultivating with the marke in
5:34 perspective those are it go
5:36 against how long that the nursery takes
5:38 before it moved to the field for chili
5:40 pepper depending on your agronomic
5:42 practices your management practices of
5:45 the N your n could take like one month
5:49 or four weeks 5 weeks or 6 weeks okay
5:51 now before you even come for
5:53 transplanting tell me what you take the
5:55 laun through to get it ready for
5:58 planting typically what we do what we do is
6:00 is
6:03 after our n yeah we establish the N
6:06 first because it takes four weeks five
6:08 weeks before they are ready okay so we
6:10 don't prepare our land prior to that
6:13 okay so we establish our n then we
6:16 manage the n in the second third week of
6:21 our n that is if the land is in a good
6:23 shape what I mean in a good shape is
6:26 that if I have my land and I can do once
6:30 plowing and it is okay I regard as in a
6:32 good shape okay if I have the land that
6:36 if I do one it would still not satisfy
6:39 my purpose then I start the lamp
6:41 preparation earlier than I should have
6:45 but normally we do two times plowing we
6:48 do harrowing mhm okay so we establish
6:51 the nury in the second week we start
6:54 with the plow okay if it happens that
6:56 this where we have identified or where
7:00 we are going to cultivate this peer is
7:04 deficient in what PH if if the soil is
7:08 acidic we need to apply treatment
7:11 methods before our Nur is ready okay if
7:14 I want to enhance my Nutri my nutrients
7:18 of the soil I apply my organic manual
7:21 like cang or poultry
7:25 droppers prior to the transplanting okay
7:28 so all these ones when if I apply manual
7:31 I do another
7:35 toate them in the very well and allow
7:37 them the time that weeks for to start
7:40 decomposing in the so the soil before
7:44 mying comes if my my soil is acidic and
7:48 I'm applying a treatment like this say
7:51 calcium bicarbonate so if I'm applying
7:54 calcium bicarbonate I do broadcast and I
7:57 do my heroin to integrate it well so
8:01 that it breaks the the the the cion in
8:03 the soil before I come to do my
8:05 transplant okay so what time of the day
8:08 do you recommend I do my transplanting
8:09 for chili
8:12 pepper is a Seedling
8:16 unlike maze or okra so we transplant
8:19 during cooler hours of the day okay and
8:22 when we say cooler hours of the day it
8:23 could be morning it could be afternoon
8:26 it could be evening depending on the
8:28 climate as we are here now we all know
8:30 it is
8:32 if I have sings to transplant this is
8:35 the best time I can transplant but if
8:37 and that because it has rained if it
8:40 hasn't rained and the weather is hot the
8:42 sun is just squatching I would have been
8:45 here by now definitely you would have to
8:48 transplant in the evening okay in that
8:50 way you are becoming very specific right
8:53 you transplant in late in the some
8:54 people say late in the afternoon okay I
8:58 say that they are in line does it mean I
9:00 do digging of the whole before I bring
9:01 the nursery
9:04 so there are different approaches in
9:07 transplanting please tell me now if I am
9:10 alone yes and I'm doing my transplanting
9:13 uhhuh the the approach I'm going to take
9:15 is different from when I have a team
9:18 that I'm transplanting to give me that
9:20 is helping me to do the transplanting if
9:22 it is me
9:24 alone I would have to use the garden
9:27 line okay because we plant in lines and
9:30 it is a good agronomic practice
9:31 it's a good
9:35 agronomic so I stretch my
9:38 line I use a okay if I'm doing
9:41 irrigation if I'm doing drip irrigation
9:44 so what is the the drip the EM interval
9:48 MH I have 40 cm interval or we have 30
9:52 cm interval between between so if the
9:55 emit I am using is 30 cm interval and
9:58 the variety that I'm using is like a
10:01 canopy variety can wide I would
10:05 have so I will alternate is an that I
10:09 would on if I'm using a 50 cm em
10:12 distance of 40 cm is the same way so I
10:14 lay my drip
10:18 tape allow the water to flow yeah then I
10:21 am doing my ding on the on the just by
10:23 the emitter okay if I'm not doing
10:26 irrigation irrigation then I don't need
10:30 to lay my drip before that so I do my
10:32 debing at the planting interval so I can
10:35 do a couple of them then I pick my
10:37 seedlings and Transplant how many
10:40 seedling goes into each hole so ideally
10:43 it is one okay but then depending on how
10:47 healthy the are okay we could see
10:48 certain St that we are having two
10:51 seedlings transplanted together because
10:54 if I see these seedlings and like okay
10:56 these guys I don't even give them 30%
10:59 survival rate why do I need to plant water
10:59 water
11:03 and but you have
11:04 have
11:08 one but IDE we do transplanting one
11:11 seedling per Hill per Hill okay how
11:14 about the hole that you punching how
11:17 deep or shallow should it be okay so
11:20 depending also depending on the maturity
11:23 of the N the seedling okay you could
11:27 have sings that has like 15 cm 10 cm
11:30 during transplant when it
11:35 is that high mhm you could have 3 cm 4
11:39 cm depth when you are planting so your
11:43 de should go 3 to Four 3 to 5 cm then
11:46 you would have it down and when you have
11:49 it down that way if you have it 5
11:53 cm or or more the advantage is
11:57 that when there is moisture in the soil
11:59 the surface of the soil dries up okay
12:02 but then beneath there still moisture so
12:04 when you get it that deep so you would
12:06 get the surface dry but it will be
12:09 getting water water from down there okay
12:11 to keep it nourished un likee you just
12:14 plant it over there there is no water it
12:17 dies okay so how long after planting
12:19 does it take to start bearing the
12:22 flowers so a variety depending on the
12:23 variety we have some varieties that
12:26 would take up 75 days okay to maturity
12:28 okay some tastes less than that some
12:30 tastes more more than that what but with
12:32 this variety we have we have the bed eye
12:35 bed eye bed eye okay and the bed eye
12:38 this is a demon okay it's called demon
12:40 that's the name of that's the name the
12:43 breed so so it's demon because it's very
12:45 hot okay so that is why they give it to
12:49 demon so this takes 75 days called demon
12:52 right that's the name that's the
12:55 name so it's de because it's hot okay so
12:59 that is why they gave it de right this 5
13:02 days okay to maturity so from
13:05 transplanting it is not from n to it is
13:08 from transplanting to the the maturity
13:11 okay so it takes 75 days but then it all
13:13 depend on the good agronomic practices
13:15 if I don't provide this this was
13:17 transplanted during dry season if I
13:19 don't provide irrigation I don't expect
13:22 to get it that if I don't give it
13:24 fertilizer look that my soil is is
13:27 malnourished my soil is not having good
13:29 nutrition status I would have to apply
13:31 fertilizer so when you do all these
13:34 things you could also reduce dig
13:36 gestation period and we also have
13:39 certain uh humans that we can also use
13:42 to so in between the 75 days period for
13:45 maturity how many weeks then is it half
13:47 of that then you see the flowers
13:51 followed by the fruit itself okay so
13:55 roughly uh this 75 75 days that's two
13:58 and a half months so within the second
13:59 month you [Music]
14:01 [Music]
14:04 need but then if we are on the field you
14:07 could see we have a a
14:11 some a container with black liquid by I
14:13 will come to that container so those
14:17 ones you do those ones before the
14:20 fruiting comes in that is the management
14:23 okay okay I'll be right back to continue
14:26 from the flowering to the fruiting and
14:28 what this container containing a certain
14:31 kind of water is doing on the field but
14:33 this is the ghanian farmer my name is
14:36 Zam and seated next to me is razak the
14:38 operations manager here at marless and
14:42 so we enlightening you about demon chili
14:44 because I'm told it's pretty much hot
14:46 I'm going for a quick breather when I
14:49 come back we'll continue from where we
14:51 stopped but stay tuned I'll be right back
15:09 all right so thanks for staying if you
15:11 just tuning in we enlightening you about
15:15 chili farming and the basic information
15:17 that after watching this in your
15:19 backyard home you can actually go
15:21 through this and also produce your chili
15:25 so we mention that it take two and a
15:28 half months to fully mature however
15:29 after the
15:31 second or is it the first month we will
15:33 see the flowering right so it means
15:35 around the second month we should start
15:37 seeing the fruit shooting is that
15:41 correct you see flower flowers that FL
15:43 opening up and yeah then the fruit will
15:46 start coming okay so in within this
15:48 period how many times do you give your plant
15:49 plant
15:53 fertilizer okay so that that is a
15:56 technicality yes so when it comes to
15:58 fertilizer application yes we don't just
16:01 give fertilizer okay what we do is that
16:04 prior to the planting I do my soil test
16:06 yes so when I do my soil test then I
16:09 determine the status of nutrients in the
16:13 so soil then I know my plant
16:15 requirement so when I know the plant
16:17 requirement compared to the nutrient
16:20 status of the soil I know the deficit so
16:22 when I know the deficit then that
16:24 determines the type of fertilizers that
16:27 I need to do I need to apply a slow
16:30 relasing fertilizer or I need to apply a
16:32 quick relasing fertilizer each of them
16:36 has its drawbacks now if
16:38 if
16:41 I right I have the
16:46 ability to apply fertilizer frequently M
16:49 I could say okay let me use okay quick
16:51 relasing okay but if I don't have that
16:53 luxury yeah I would definitely go for
16:56 the slow relasing fertilizers so when I
16:58 apply the slow relasing fertilizers it
17:00 means is that it will be giv the
17:03 fertilizer bit by bit for a long time so
17:05 they will have fertilizer to feed for a
17:08 long time okay within that period when
17:11 you're waiting for the fruit to fully
17:14 mature what are some of the Agronomy
17:17 practices that you go through aside
17:19 weeding in between the plant what else
17:21 do you do is there anything else a lot
17:23 what again for example when it comes to
17:27 chili chili is reged as a highrisk
17:29 vegetable really
17:32 a highrisk vegetable in the sense
17:37 that it is susceptible to a lot of
17:40 disease Pest and diseases W and the pest
17:44 we we more specific quarantine pest okay
17:47 the quarantine P are P that we that can
17:50 migrate from one geographical location
17:52 to another Geographic and still C cause
17:56 the same hav okay okay so chili is noted
17:59 to be one of those crops that carry
18:02 P so as a result of that if you are
18:04 producing your chili for export Market
18:07 current f sanit is very very important
18:10 important and that leads us to
18:13 integrated Pest Management approach and
18:16 the integrated Pest Management we know
18:18 we have biological we have physical we
18:20 have chemical and we have cultural
18:24 practices and some of those physical or
18:27 biological are what we are seeing by us
18:29 so here we have this
18:34 Black Water ins contain it is not water
18:37 it is a bait bait or we can just say a
18:41 decoy trap a trap that deceives the
18:44 insects the insects okay so the insects
18:47 and and it is a special ingredient that
18:51 is used used in preparing this so
18:55 it the aroma attracts the insect so the
18:57 insect will come to come and see is see
18:59 fall in then
19:02 collaps then it dies off okay so same if
19:05 you see there's another blue behind us I
19:07 don't know if so that blue it's also the
19:10 same way it also attracts some specific
19:13 insects they like the color so when they
19:15 see they okay this is my favorite color
19:17 I go to it so when I get to it it is
19:20 glue ah stick so it sticks on it and
19:22 then it dies okay so when you are
19:25 exporting pepper these are some of the
19:28 physical P control measures that you
19:29 need to put in
19:31 and if these things are not put in place
19:34 you would have problems exporting okay
19:38 okay great now so when we fully have our
19:40 pepper how many times do you harvest is
19:43 it weekly or monthly or what so Chili
19:46 Pepper mostly are harvested once in a
19:49 week once every week once every week
19:54 okay and also even depending on your T
19:56 your yes your purpose if I'm harvesting
19:59 green chili okay I can Harvest once a
20:02 week M and there will not be there will
20:05 not be any red chili inside but if I'm
20:08 harvesting red chili I harvest more
20:11 often than that okay because they mature
20:13 at different stages stages they all
20:16 mature different so you might come in
20:20 there quite often than I am harvesting
20:21 the green chilies so when I'm harvesting
20:23 the green chili they mature at the same
20:26 time I harvest my own they all mature at
20:28 the same time so you could Harvest once
20:29 in AEK
20:32 why why does maff in particular like the
20:34 green one like to harvest green uh
20:37 compared to the the r to one okay so
20:39 when it comes to
20:42 maet I always say
20:45 we we are Market driven
20:49 oriented business so what the market
20:52 needs we do we don't just say Okay chili
20:56 so I do chili and no yes our Market
20:58 wants green chilies the consumers want
21:00 the green on green Che so we must you
21:03 harvest at Green if you want to sell
21:05 then you have then how long do I keep
21:07 harvesting this chili for before I
21:09 realize that the plant is tired and I
21:12 need to replace them okay so with this
21:14 chili yes you could Harvest them for 6
21:17 months or more he once every week for
21:20 the next 6 months yes please but it all
21:25 depends on your management okay so
21:30 if I can follow the protocol because the
21:32 more I harvest from them the more I
21:34 stick nutrients from them so I have to
21:37 replenish them so if I can replenish
21:40 them and provide them with water I can
21:41 Harvest this green chili for for chili
21:45 for for a long time okay okay now how
21:48 many acres of chili are we seeing behind
21:51 us we have five acres of chili here as
21:53 we are we have five acres of chili okay
21:55 and every week you come in and every
21:59 week we to to harvest okay now um the
22:01 storage and keeping it I mean
22:03 controlling of post Harvest loss and all
22:06 that when I harvest and I want to sell
22:08 at Green what do I immediately
22:09 immediately I have and I'm taking
22:11 straight to the market
22:13 okay it could either be or you could
22:17 have also a waiting period okay and when
22:20 I'm harvesting green chili the green
22:22 chili I should Harvest have a maturity
22:25 IND thises okay so it is we could have a
22:28 green yes but it could ripe the fluid
22:31 next moment so we identify all those
22:34 things we know the maturity stages so
22:36 when it gets to the matured green then
22:39 we are harvesting if you allow it to
22:42 break mhm it will still look green yes
22:44 but there's a difference in so you
22:47 harvest them the next day they all get R
22:49 and that go against you so when you are
22:51 harvesting the green chili the
22:54 technicalities has to come in yes so so
22:57 whereby you bring in people I wouldn't
23:09 so they could get okay so at this
23:12 material moment it's is time for us to
23:14 harest green chili so if you don't
23:17 Harvest it at this stage it will go to
23:19 the next stage and when you go to the
23:21 next stage it's a totally different
23:23 thing so when you harvest it at the
23:27 right stage you can keep it in the cold
23:30 storage for even a week yeah or more but
23:32 it will still be green okay but when you
23:35 don't Harvest it at the right stage you
23:37 keep it there it get Ren so when it's at
23:41 the breaking stage it releases Ain okay
23:44 and this gas is the one that them to R
23:47 ripe okay but when you harvest them you
23:50 don't produce okay okay all right so my
23:53 next question is is chili farming
23:56 expensive yeah chili yes please I chili
23:59 f is expensive even only the seed
24:01 you could have some varieties They Se
24:05 alone for Ana is costing you like 7,000
24:09 GH so this one the seed cost how much so
24:14 this H demon uhhuh uh you need a SE of
24:17 demon is about 130 150 kind of cities
24:20 cities okay and how many you need you
24:23 need not less than 20 of those SS to
24:26 fill my 5 acres to fill one AC ah so now
24:29 you looking at 7,000
24:32 okay for but it is worth it for just the
24:36 seed alone before your land it yes it is
24:38 because looking at how much it can
24:40 produce have you take time to averagely
24:42 count how many fruits you have on one
24:44 plant so if with good agronomic
24:46 practices they harvest you can get no
24:49 less than 30 fruits from one plant from
24:52 one plant from one plant and with that
24:55 management in place throughout the life
24:57 cycle of the of the plant you could get
24:58 3 k
25:02 get so let's say I have 10,000 plants in
25:06 then I'm getting plant for this period
25:09 so 3 Kg * 10 that that is giving me
25:14 30,000 kilog okay so if I'm selling a kg
25:17 a kilo for even five cities so multiply
25:20 5 cities by 30,000 what are you getting
25:23 as compared to the seed of the 7,000 so
25:26 so when you look at the outcome the seed
25:28 doesn't is it a small component the
25:30 whole money you're going to make at the
25:33 end of the day so that means that I'm
25:35 going to be rich after 3 months going
25:38 yeah because if I have a committed
25:41 market and I am doing all my Agronomy
25:44 practices right trust me within the next
25:49 three 4 month you start making money yes
25:51 that's it okay so finally we are
25:54 wrapping it up all if you're given the
25:57 choice to choose between chili okra and
26:01 eggplant which one you go for chili
26:03 pepper take it easy my
26:06 brother the fact the fact is the
26:09 management of chili pepper yes is quite
26:11 tedious uh-huh but nothing good comes
26:14 easy okay so I understand the dyamics
26:17 and I know that if I do chili and I'm
26:19 able to handle chili well I can harvest
26:22 my chili for six months so if I can
26:24 harvest my chili for 6 months note that
26:26 I can even get more than the 4 kg per
26:29 plant okay so if getting more than 4G
26:32 perant as compared to Okra how long do I
26:36 have to harvest my okra 3 weeks 4 weeks
26:39 and it's off yeah that's it but this one
26:41 but this one even six month and the the
26:44 other Advantage is that when I'm doing
26:46 chill I employ more people than I employ
26:49 in Okra so I need more people to harvest
26:51 my my chili for six months so I am
26:55 benefiting more people than I benefit
26:56 people what do you recommend irrigation
27:00 or rain fed for chili for chili we could
27:02 integrate the two you know in
27:05 agriculture or in Crop Production the
27:07 best approach is always the integrated
27:09 methods so when you integrate what it
27:12 means is that it reduces your cost of
27:15 production and the integration here is I
27:18 do my calculations in a way that if I am
27:22 transplanting during dry season I should
27:25 get them into the rainy season so by
27:28 then I take off my irrigation and rely
27:31 on the rain me it reduces
27:36 your bus okay all right so you see H as
27:40 for me and razak if we keep up we will
27:42 not finish this interview today but you
27:44 see there is more to come like I always
27:46 say there is more to come today is just
27:49 a part one on Chili farming the next
27:51 time we come back we'll look at another
27:53 aspect in fact it's about time that I'll
27:55 spend some time here let's do the
27:57 comparison like he said I said chili
28:00 eggplant okro he jump he say hey chili
28:03 why not okro and garden egg I think it's
28:05 about time I do videos on that so that
28:08 you be able to tell why this works for
28:10 you this is profitable and this is that
28:13 thank you very much razak and thank you
28:14 very much for watching Remember to
28:16 subscribe and share this link but the
28:18 name is the Ghan F when you see me in
28:22 town call me GH finest farmer I'm I'm
28:25 the only finest farmer in this gun I'll
28:28 see you some other time until now and
