0:04 welcome to this presentation on APA
0:07 style citations i'm patricia morris
0:09 coordinator of library research at
0:11 florida gateway college library in this
0:14 session we will cover key details for
0:17 APA citations using the publication
0:18 manual of the American Psychological
0:22 Association seventh edition you may be
0:24 familiar with the previous six edition
0:26 this video will cover the seventh
0:29 edition of the APA manual we will also
0:32 be showing the APA style website APA
0:35 style APA org that has lots of helpful
0:39 information the APA format style is
0:41 primarily used for the natural social
0:44 and behavioral sciences including health
0:47 and technology related fields but can be
0:49 assigned by an instructor of any subject
0:53 area note that there are a lot of rules
0:56 with any citation style but the number
0:57 one rule is to always follow your
1:00 instructors directions even when they
1:03 differ from the information given here
1:05 first why do we need to cite our
1:08 resources when you write a paper you
1:10 will have a combination of information
1:13 ideas and concepts some that are
1:15 original to you and some information
1:17 ideas and concepts that come from other
1:20 sources the research that you've done in
1:22 preparing to write your paper for any
1:25 information that is not original to you
1:27 you must provide a citation that will
1:30 answer the question how do you know this
1:34 we use citations to show that you as a
1:35 college student did the research
1:38 yourself to give credit for the work of
1:41 others to provide enough information so
1:42 someone can look up the original source
1:46 and to avoid plagiarism today's
1:48 presentation will help you understand
1:50 how to use citations to properly give
1:52 credit for the work of others and avoid
1:56 plagiarism there are two main ways we
1:59 give credit in a paper in text citations
2:02 and specifically parenthetical citations
2:04 are notations used within the body of
2:06 your paper to give credit right after
2:09 you use the words or ideas of another
2:11 these then point the
2:13 to the end of paper references page for
2:16 the full and complete reference entry
2:19 let's look at details for in-text
2:23 citations in APA style you can use
2:25 information from a resource in several
2:28 ways a quote or quotation uses the
2:30 author's exact words and must be
2:33 attributed to the original author we use
2:35 quotation marks to show it is
2:37 word-for-word from the original source
2:40 you could also paraphrase or summarize
2:42 by putting the author's ideas in your
2:45 own words because the information is not
2:47 original to you whether you quote
2:50 paraphrase or summarize you have to
2:54 provide a citation parenthetical
2:56 citations use the author date notation
3:00 adding a page number for a direct quote
3:03 here are the examples with parenthetical
3:06 citations added it would be parentheses
3:09 author's last name comma year of
3:13 publication close parentheses and for a
3:16 quotation you include P period and the
3:17 page number
3:20 note that the beginning parentheses is
3:22 outside the quotation marks for a quote
3:25 and the final period comes after the
3:29 closing parentheses another type of
3:31 in-text citation is the narrative
3:34 citation in which you use the author's
3:36 name as part of your sentence
3:38 construction followed by the year of
3:42 publication in parentheses there are
3:45 variations on in-text citations in this
3:48 chart taken from page 266 of the APA
3:51 publication manual compares formats when
3:53 you have different types of authors
3:56 showing both parenthetical and narrative
4:00 citation examples you can also go to the
4:05 APA style APA org website click on style
4:07 and grammar guidelines and then in-text
4:10 citations for more information and
4:16 examples now let's look at creating
4:18 entries for the end of paper list of
4:21 resources called references
4:25 APA style has four basic elements author
4:29 date title and source these tell us who
4:31 is responsible for the work when it was
4:33 published what it's called and where it
4:35 can be retrieved any reference list
4:37 entry will have variations of these
4:40 elements here is an example taken from
4:44 page 283 of the APA manual showing how a
4:46 citation entry is built we look at our
4:49 source in this case a journal article
4:51 and find the elements we need author
4:54 date title and source the source here is
4:56 the publication information for this
4:58 article including the journal title
5:01 volume and issue numbers page numbers
5:05 and DOI more about do i shortly taking
5:07 these elements we can create the
5:12 reference list entry an important detail
5:15 in APA is the capitalization of titles
5:17 because there are two capitalization
5:21 styles sentence case and title case in
5:24 sentence case you only capitalize the
5:26 first letter of the first word just like
5:27 in a regular sentence like this
5:30 libraries are a great place to study for
5:33 exams only the L in libraries is
5:36 uppercase everything else is lowercase
5:38 these titles of books and articles are
5:41 in sentence case if you have a subtitle
5:43 you also capitalize only the first
5:45 letter of the first word of the subtitle
5:48 proper nouns such as the names of people
5:50 or places are always capitalized as you
5:53 normally would like Abraham Lincoln
5:56 sentence case is used for the titles of
5:58 articles books and other works in the
6:01 reference list a common error is to have
6:04 incorrect capitalization of article and
6:06 book titles in the reference list they
6:12 the other capitalisation style is title
6:15 case in title case you capitalize the
6:17 first letter of all the major words as
6:18 shown here
6:21 usually words of three or fewer letters
6:25 are not capitalized journal titles are
6:28 always in title case and are italicized
6:31 the titles of articles books and other
6:33 works within the text or body of your
6:38 paper are in title case note that the
6:40 capitalization style depends on where
6:42 you are using the title if it's in the
6:44 reference list or within the body of
6:46 your paper for example in the reference
6:49 list an article title is in sentence
6:52 case while in a paragraph an article
6:56 title is in title case and in quotations
6:58 this ebook title in the reference list
7:02 is in sentence case and in italics
7:05 within a paragraph it is in title case
7:10 and in italics here's another example in
7:13 this reference entry the article title
7:17 is in sentence case and within the paper
7:19 the article title is in title case and
7:22 in quotations journal titles are always
7:27 in title case in italics see pages 167
7:31 to 168 of the APA manual or go to APA
7:35 style APA org for more information and
7:38 examples on sentence case and title case
7:43 capitalization the APA style website has
7:46 helpful quick reference guides to create
7:49 reference entries for journal articles
7:54 books and a chapter in an edited book to
7:57 find them go to the APA style APA org
8:00 website and click on instructional AIDS
8:02 then scroll down to reference quick
8:06 guide let's create a reference entry for
8:09 this article all the information we need
8:11 is included here at the top and we'll
8:13 follow the format of the quick reference
8:15 guide for a journal article going
8:17 element by element
8:20 we're going to be looking at the basics
8:22 here but there are many variations in
8:25 details for each element see chapter 9
8:28 on the reference list and chapter 10 for
8:31 reference examples in the APA manual or
8:34 on the APA style website for much more [Music]
8:36 [Music]
8:39 for the author list the last name comma
8:41 and then only the initials for the first
8:44 name period do not spell out first or
8:46 middle names and do not include
8:50 credentials such as RN or PhD if there
8:52 are two authors use an ampersand between
8:53 the names
8:59 the author is Yildiz comma e period next
9:02 is the year of publication 2019 which is
9:05 in parentheses and has a period after
9:10 the closing parentheses the article
9:13 title in subtitle are ethics and nursing
9:16 : a systematic review of the framework
9:18 of evidence perspective the article
9:21 title and subtitle are in sentence case
9:25 then period the rest of the entry
9:28 pertains to the source element we have
9:30 the name of the periodical the journal
9:33 nursing ethics which is in title case
9:37 and italics comma then the volume number
9:42 26 which is also in italics followed by
9:45 the issue number 4 which is in
9:48 parentheses and is not in italics and
9:50 note that there is no space between the
9:52 volume number and the parentheses for
9:56 the issue number then comma and then the
9:59 page number or page range here 11:28
10:01 through 11 48
10:06 . the final part of this entry is the
10:10 DOI DOI stands for digital object
10:13 identifier and is an alphanumeric string
10:15 that is unique to this article and is
10:18 written as a hyperlink the format is
10:22 HTTP colon slash slash
10:27 do i org slash and then the string most
10:29 scholarly articles will have a DOI
10:33 either included with the article or
10:35 given on the detail page in the database
10:38 like this but they may be written in a
10:40 different format if it is not in the
10:45 correct DOI format rewrite it like this
10:48 there is no concluding period to the
10:51 entry after a DOI this is the complete
10:54 entry for this article reference entries
10:56 are double-spaced with the first line
10:58 flush with the left margin and
11:04 subsequent lines indented a half inch if
11:07 your article does not have a DOI there
11:10 are several things to consider if the
11:12 article was originally published in a
11:15 journal or on a website and is included
11:18 in a database such as the EBSCO or Gale
11:21 databases but does not have a DOI you
11:23 will conclude the entry after the page
11:26 number do not include the database name
11:29 or any URL this entry will look the same
11:32 as if it was from a print journal an
11:34 exception to this would be an article
11:37 from a database that quote publishes
11:39 original proprietary works available
11:42 only in that database CQ researcher
11:45 which has original reports not published
11:47 elsewhere is this type of database ask
11:50 yourself is this the only place I can
11:53 get this content if yes the source
11:55 element would include the name of the
11:58 database in title case and italics and
12:01 any other given publication information
12:03 such as volume and issue number and a
12:07 period then include the URL in APA do
12:10 not put a period at the end of an entry
12:16 after a DOI or a URL your research may
12:17 come from a website and not a database
12:22 the format would be author period the
12:24 date however it is given in the source
12:27 in parentheses period title of the
12:29 specific webpage you are using in
12:31 sentence case and in
12:34 ALX period then the name of the larger
12:36 website if any and if different from the
12:40 author period and then the URL with no
12:43 concluding period if the author and the
12:46 website name are the same put it only in
12:47 the author element as in the World
12:52 Health Organization example if the
12:54 website does not show a date put in the
12:57 period D period in parentheses and
12:59 include a retrieval date showing the
13:01 date you access the information before
13:05 the URL also if the information will
13:08 likely change include a retrieval date
13:10 here are some variations to the source
13:13 element follow an example that most
13:15 closely matches the resource you are
13:20 using there are so many rules in APA
13:22 that we have highlighted only a few key
13:25 details remember that the APA
13:28 publication manual and the APA style
13:30 website are your best resources for
13:32 learning correctly formatted citations
13:35 and papers both formats have over a
13:37 hundred examples of reference entries
13:40 and in-text citations examples of rules
13:46 and sample papers you can always contact
13:48 the FTC library with questions about
13:51 citations we are here to help thank you
