This tutorial demonstrates how to effectively build user interfaces (UI) in the Godot game engine, covering essential concepts from basic layout and responsiveness to advanced theming and scaling for various screen resolutions.
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hello Golden Ears
making a user interface for a game can
be quite challenging but every game
needs one to give the player Vital
Information and to make your game easy
to use a user interface must also adapt
to different screen sizes and
resolutions so players with all kinds of
different Hardware can play your game
thankfully Godot has a quite powerful UI
system built in
so we are going to have a look into what
godose UI system can do and how you can
use it effectively there's a lot of
ground to cover so this video is quite
long feel free to take a break every now
and then and come back later when you
are refreshed this is a beginner level
tutorial we are going to do everything
with the editor so you can even follow
along if you don't have any knowledge of
GD script so we are in guitar and I have
created a small scene which we will use
to explore godot's UI system as an
example we are going to use a city
Builder or strategy game where your
units will collect resources and then
build something of course we're not
going to build the whole game here so
what I have done is I've just created a
little backdrop which simulates the game
running below our user interface and I
have also added a camera to D so we can
move the camera and see what is
happening in a game like this your units
usually collect resources and what we
want to do is we want to show the player
which resources currently have been
collected so the player can use them I
have prepared a few icons for these
resources so we have a little flash icon
which can maybe be energy
maybe we move it here I have also a
barrel which could indicate food or
maybe oil because these are robots and
they probably don't need food
and we have
of course
a cogwheel icon which is maybe spare
parts right these robots need to repair
themselves so okay so we zoom in and you
can see this boundary here which shows
us how big the screen will be when we
play our game so let us quickly push the
button and play it and you see uh what
we get in our window is exactly this
boundary okay so now we can use this to
set up our little dashboard if you will so
so
here and maybe also make this a bit
smaller move it here make this a bit
smaller and move it here
and we may be also adding some labels so let's
let's
add a label
also a label can help us to display text
and maybe give it a number maybe we have
100 of this energy so labels up here
everything you add is up here
so now we can duplicate it Ctrl D or
command D is duplicating it
moving down duplicate again
okay so now the text is pretty hard to
read so we can maybe add a little
background there's another note for this
which is a panel and
and
again you notes appear in the upper left
so maybe resize this a bit and then over
here the panel is now above everything
which is not what we want when it's on
the bottom of the tree it renders above
everything else and if I move it up
it renders below now we have a UI isn't
that great have a look great it works so
are we done yet well not really this
only works for a little example if I
choose a different resolution or
or
Go full screen you can see how this
completely falls apart it's no longer in
the upper right corner it is way too
small to read in full screen it's just
not good
so how can we make a UI that works for
all resolutions and all aspect ratios
Godot approaches this problem with a
thing called a reference resolution so
what Godot does is it allows you to
design everything in one resolution that
you think most players will have and
then good though will scale it up and
down According to some rules so where
can we set up this reference resolution
we can do this in the project settings
so we go to project project settings
window and there you have it if you put
width viewport height so this is the
reference resolution which one should we pick
pick
or we can't use any resolution that we
want but it's a good idea to use a
resolution that most players will likely
have because then what you design is
what most players will immediately get
without having to care about scaling so
which resolutions do most players
currently have well we can have a look
at the steam Hardware survey that is the
survey that steam does every quarter and
they collect information from all of
their players what kind of Hardware are
they using and they're also having
information about the resolutions that
they are using so if we are looking at
the screen resolution in the hardware
survey you can see that the most popular
resolution right now is 1920 by 1080.
so let's go back into Godot and we start
with 1920 by 10A then we close and you
can see that our screen rectangle has
not updated oh now it has if it doesn't
update for you sometimes it does
sometimes it doesn't you can go to
Project reload current project save and reload
reload
and now we're back great now we can just
move everything over to the new right
and play again
and great we are done no we're not done
because what I have just shown you is
the worst way in which you can build a
UI the first problem that we have is
that this does not work very well with
cameras if I take my camera
and if I move it a bit maybe here
and I play the game again you can see
that our UI moves off screen
and the reason for this is that our UI
lives in the same space as our game so
if I move the camera the game moves and
the UI also moves how can we fix that we
can fix that with a canvas layer node so
we go to add node search for canvas layer
layer
add this node and we put it in here
below our game because we want to render
our UI above the game and we saw earlier
that when you move stuff up in the tree
it renders below and when you move it
down in the tree it renders above we
take all of this and we move it inside
of this canvas link camera is still
Offset you can see it here
and you see that now our UI is in a
completely separate layer which is not
affected by camera movement and that is
much better okay let's have a look at
our little dashboard up here it looks
pretty rack because all the icons are
not really aligned and the text is also
not really aligned so it looks pretty
bad and we can of course try to fix this
by moving it around with the mouse until
it looks right but this is not very
efficient there's a much better way of
doing this which is using containers
Godot has some very useful nodes built
in which automatically align components
According to some rules
if we look at this it looks a bit like a grid
grid
we have a column and the second column
and we have three rows
and there is a built-in container inkido
which can layout components in a grid
and this is called a grid container
so we add this
and again new components always end up
here so we moved is over here
and you can see it's not really visible
and that is because containers just lay
out their child components and do not
display anything by themselves
so we move the container maybe up here
and remove all of these things as child
nodes and you can see something very
interesting happening it looks like it
aligned our labels but it did not align
our icons and the reason for this is
that containers only work on UI
components they do not work on Sprites
or anything else all UI components have
this greenish color here and our icons
do not so we cannot use Sprites for this
we need to use something else and what
would we use for this
well we have a look into our UI
components all UI components derive from
control so we can look here at control
and we can look okay what component
could work we have a color rect we have
a lot of other stuff and there's a thing
down here called texture rack control
that displays a texture which is exactly
what we need so we take a texture rect
and then we add our flash icon here to
the texture at
at
a few more of these
again Ctrl or command D is duplicating
and then we just change the textures of
these the second one gets the barrel
and the third one
gets the wheel
now we have that
and if we have a look at the grid
container you can see that it's
rendering them all at one column
when we want two columns and we can set
this up here
right now columns is one so we say we
want two columns that still doesn't look
right and that is because the container
renders its children
in the order in which you have given
them so what we want is we want an icon
a label an icon a label so we put icon
maybe we also give this a name so we say
this is The Flash icon
and energy label
and the food label and finally we have
the Cog wheel icon and the spare parts label
label
now we have icon label I can label I can
label but the icons are way too big how
can we fix that let's have a look at the
settings of the texture rack and you can
see there's a setting called export mode
and currently it's keep size so it will
try to keep the size of this texture
this texture is pretty big so what we
can do is we change this exponent mode
to something else maybe ignore size that
is at least a bit better let's try what
happens if we make this for the other
two as well
ignore size now it has completely
disappeared to understand why this has
disappeared we need to learn a bit more
about how containers do their work
what containers do is they ask each of
their child nodes how big do you want to be
be
so they asked this icon how big do you
want to be they ask this label how big
do you want to be and once they have
asked all their chart components they
then calculate where each component goes
so they have asked this label how big do
you want to be and the label looks okay
I need to display this 100 so I need to
be three characters wide and I need to
be as high as my font so if I add
another number here you see that the
label automatically gets bigger because
it reports okay I need more space I have
more text
what I have said here is ignore size and
ignore size if we look at the
documentation the size of the texture
won't be considered for minimum size
calculation so what this node will now
do it will say okay I don't need any
space thank you very much
so maybe let's try a different mode
maybe let's try fit with that looks a
lot better and fit width says the height
of the texture will be ignored the
minimum width will be equal to the
current height useful for horizontal layouts
layouts
and this is actually what we have we
have a horizontal layout icon label the
other ones automatically got bigger why
is that they are still on ignore size
now the reason for this is that the
first icon now has some size and this is
a grid container so it gives all the
icons in this column the same with no
matter how they are set up what if I
let's say hide this icon then we have
the same problem again because this icon
now says I don't need any more space and
the other icons they are still saying oh
I don't need any more space so it's best
if we set all of these icons to the same
now we can have a look at our labels and
the labels they're pretty tiny so maybe
we can change their font size and we can
change the font size if we go to theme
overwrite font sizes and then we can say
maybe we do a 32 here that is a lot
better now you can see the next problem
the good thing is is that our icon
automatically has grown because now we
have more height and the export mode fit
with uses the height to determine the
width however if we look at our Barrel
here you can see that it's not looking
right and we can fix this with the
stretch mode setting
right now it's set to scale so it will
just scale according to whatever width
and hide the container assigns to it but
we don't want this to distort itself so
we use keep aspect and we also use this
for the barrel and the wheel so we
say keep aspect
and now this looks a bit better but you
can see it is moving to the left we
don't want this we want to have it
centered so what we can do is we say
keep aspect centered and now it's
centered okay so now we can move this
grid container up here so we can read it
a bit better and now we have another
problem and that is that our panel has a
fixed size so when I say I have a lot of
energy like really really a lot
it will go over our panel we can fix
this with another container which is
called a panel container so we add a
this is the same as a panel but it has
some extra functionality we can delete this
and we move the panel container over here
here
and now we put our grid container in our
panel container and you see what happens
the panel container it again asks its
chart node which is the grid container
how big do you want to be
and the grid container says okay I have
all these components so I need to be
this big
and the panel container then makes
itself as big as is needed for the grid
container so if I change
the label you can see that it
automatically resizes so it looks quite
nice but still not great we have a
little problem here on the right side
where there's not really a border it
looks very ugly how can we say I want
some extra space here there's another
container for this which is the margin
container so we add the chart node
you add a margin container
and now what we do is we put the margin container
container
in the panel container and we put the
grid container
in the matching container so what will
now happen is that the margin container
is asking the grid container how big do
you want to be
and then we can set up in the team
overrides constant of a margin
so maybe we say we want to have 20
pixels to the right or maybe 15 pixels
to the right so the marching container
will add a bit of margin and then tell
the panel container okay I need to be as
big as the grid container plus this
margin and the panel container will
automatically resize itself to fit all this
this
and it shows why it's important to use
containers for layout and not doing it
manually because containers
automatically compensate when the text
in your interface changes it's also
important if you want to do localization
work where the length of a text can vary
quite a bit between different languages
okay so this is quite a bit better than
before but it still doesn't really look nice
nice
if you look at the UI and you look at
our game they don't really fit together
very well that is because our UI
currently uses the Godot default look
that comes with Godot and while this is
serviceable it's not really fitting the
theme of our game
so how can we change this well we can
change this with a theme there is a
thing called themes in Godot
and we can create one with create new
resource and then we look for theme
and recreate a theme and we call this
maybe our theme
and now you can see we have a new
section down here where we can change
how things look inkedo so the first
thing we want to do is we want to change
how these labels look we can change it
by using this little eyedropper icon
here click on it and then click on the label
label
and now we have a new type here in our
theme label so we can now say the label
should look different and there's a lot
of settings that we can change for label
we can change its colors we can change
some constants for the label but we want
to change the font so we go to font and
we click this plus icon which allows us
to change the font and then we can
select a new font do a quick load and I
have added a font which looks a bit more
like writing on a Blackboard it's still
a bit tiny so we also change the default
font size and we say this is 32. so now
you can see here how the label has a
different look now
but it still doesn't show in our game
why is that well we need to tell our
component that it should use this new theme
theme
there's three ways in which we can do
this the first way is we just take this
label and we go to theme and we drag our
team in here and you can see it now uses
this theme but this is very cumbersome
because we would now need to change all
the labels so we don't do it this way
let's revert this and revert this what
we can also do is we can set the theme
at the root of our UI tree so I put it
in here
and you can see that all the labels now
change and that is because if you set a
theme Here then all the components that
are below this node will also use the theme
theme
unless they have their own team but it's
still something that we need to set up
for each node and that we can forget
there's a third way in which we can do
this and this is in the project settings
so we go to project project settings
and we need to enable advanced settings
for this and then we can go down here
and find GUI theme and there we have a
setting custom in which we can load our theme
theme
this needs a restart of the editor so we
press save and restart
and now you can see that our labels use
the new theme so now our labels fit the
game a bit better but still I don't like
this panel container so how about we add
a wooden border around this we can do
this also in the theme but if we look
down here there's not really a panel
container visible in this case we can
add a new type using this plus button
here so we click on there we type panel
container because that is the one we
want to change
and if you look at the panel container
there's really only one setting that we
can change which is the panel we click
the plus button here and then we can say
how the panel should be rendered and we
have a few options here we have a style
box empty a Starbucks texture a
Starbucks flat and a Starbucks slide so
empty is what it says it's just
rendering nothing which is not what we
want we have the Starbucks flat which
renders a flat color similar to how it's
done right now because right now it's
using a Starbucks flat and we have
Starbucks line which renders the line
which we don't need here it's more a
thing if you have separators so what we
want to use is Starbucks texture and
then we can click on it and now we can
see a preview of here how it would look
like so first thing is we need a texture
I have created a few textures here so we
take this Frame small thing and we put
it in here and now we have a preview
I will see it's a wooden frame but it
renders kind of strangely here on the
sides and that is because it just takes
this texture and it stretches it but
what I want is to keep the borders
unstretched and just stretch this inner
part and we can do this by
setting the text from Origins here so if
I set the texture margin here to 24
pixels on each side
you can see how it now only stretches
the inner part so we leave a margin of
24 pixels on all sides which are not
stretched and only the inner part gets
stretched we have updated our theme but
our container does not update and the
reason is that UI components don't
actively monitor if the theme changes
you need to reload them so what we can
do is we go to scene reload saved scene
then you can see it has updated and now
that looks a lot nicer okay
okay
let's say we want to show the player
some kind of mission dialogue where they
can see a mission and then they can
accept it or decline it how would we do
that well we can create a second panel
container and set it up there so let's
add another panel container
and move it somewhere here
and then we add some label for the text
so label
so maybe we call this title
and Mission and we duplicate it and we
make this text so this should be the
text and for the text I will just use
and maybe we set this to rep because
right now it's putting all of the text
in one line and we want to automatically
wrap it so there's an order wrap setting
here and we want to wrap on every word
so we use that but it still looks not
right because they seem to render on top
of each other which is not what we want
we want to stack them we want to have
the title up here and then we want to
have the text below and we can also do
this with the container there's a thing
called a vbox container a vertical box vbox
vbox
a container that arranges its shot
controls vertically which is exactly
what we want so we take a vbox container
we put it into panel container and then
we put our labels
inside of this vbox containers and now
you can see the mission is up here and
the text is up there and we can nicely
resize this
and you can see that the text is
automatically flowing around here so it
looks nice good however I would like to
make a few changes first off I think
this border should be bigger so how can
I make that I have already set up how a
panel container should look so if I
change this border to make it bigger
then this border would also get bigger
and we don't want that
and we can do this by adding a variant
to our theme so we click on our theme
and we click the plus button and we want
to make a custom type or a custom
variant for a panel container so we say
maybe big
panel container
don't be confused that this is now empty
you can still click add type and we have
now made a custom type which currently
is not based on any other component but
if we go to this
I can hear we can say which should be
the base type and we say this should be
some kind of panel container
so we select the panel container here
and now it knows it is a panel container
now we can go here and we see we now
have the panel setting
we add the Starbucks texture click on
the Skybox texture and we change the
texture to frame big and again we want
to set the margins so this time it's a
so now we need to tell this panel
container that it should use our variant
and we can do this by going to theme
type variation
big panel container
and it uses the big border and this is
how you can make variations of controls
in your theme
we want to make another variation for
this Mission label I want this to be
bigger than the rest of the text and we
already know how to do this so we go to
our theme and
and
we add another variation
and rename this maybe header
and you can see godo has some variations
for labels already which are called had
a large had a medium head is small so we
take this at a large
and then we can change the font size for
this header large maybe to 48.
now we can say to this title In theme
type variation header large
and now we get a large header and we
also want to have this centered so we go
to horizontal alignment let me say this
should be Center
now we want to add two buttons which
allow the user to accept the mission or
to decline the mission so we add a button
button
and we put it as an RV box container and
maybe we call this okay
and we make a second button
close cancel button and the other one
and so so now we have these but you can
see they are still using the default
look and we don't want that we want to
have nice looking buttons so we go back
to our theme
we already know how this works
we can use this eyedropper here
and there's a button
you can also use the Plus on this side
it works the same way but this is a bit quicker
quicker
okay so the buttons they also have a font
font
so we change this
to our
chalk font and we also change the font size
size to
to 32.
32.
and now we look at the style boxes and
you can see buttons have quite a few of
them for each state of the button it
could be an enormous State like this
button it could be in Harvard State when
I move the Mars over it could be pressed
when I click it and so on and we need to
change the style boxes for each of them
so let's start with the disabled again
we click the Plus
change it to Starbucks texture
then I have already made a lot of
buttons here we change the texture margins
and we're done with this one and then we continue
okay I have set up everything and again
we need to reload our scene so it picks
up the changes
first we may want to save it so reload
our scene and now you can see that we
have the buttons with the new start this
looks a lot nicer now we want to lay out
the buttons in a horizontal way and just
like there's a v box container there's
also an edge box container which can do
this for us so we use an edge box container
container
container arranges its child controls
horizontally which is exactly what we
want we put it here and we put all our
buttons into this hbox container let me
make this a bit bigger so we have a bit
of room to work with okay now I would
like that these buttons have the same
size okay so right now the OK button it
has a lot smaller size than the cancel
button and the reason for this is again
this container asks its child nodes how
big do you want to be and the okay
button says you know I just have this
okay in there I'm okay with this small
size while the cancel button says you
know I have this big cancel thing I need
more size so how can we tell this OK
button that it should use more size that
it should not just take its minimum size
we can do this in the layout settings
and this is the part that confuses a lot
of people because it's not really
straightforward but we're going to take
it extra slow and explain how it works
so we're having the OK button selected
we go to layout container sizing and
then we can see some options
and there's two options that we can
check we can have this expand flag turn
on and off and we can set some other
Behavior which we will explain shortly
with this expand flag you can change how
much space the control requests from its
parent container right now it is
unchecked and the button will only
request as much space as it needs to
render its OK plus the little border
around it
if I turn it on the button says to The
edgebox Container you know what I need
only this okay thing but if you have
more space then I would like to have it
and if we look at the edge box container
you can see this is all the space that
the edgebox container right now has
the OK button says I would like to have
as much space as you can give me
so what the edge box container now does
is it's asking the cancel button how
much space do you need and the cancel
button says I need this little bit bit
of space to randomly cancel
and then it looks okay I have this much
space to give I removed the space for
the cancel button so I give the rest to
the OK button
and now the OK button gets bigger which
is nice but we're still not having the
same width so what happens if we tell
the cancel button to also request a lot
of space
so we go to layout
container sizing and we also say expon
so now the edge box container has two
children and they are telling him okay
give me all the space that you can spare
so what does the hbox container Now do
well it looks at how much space it has
and then it gives it evenly to all its
child nodes
and now the buttons have the same size
but what if you want to have different
sizes for each of these buttons so maybe
this OK button should get a quarter of
the size and the cancel button should
get three quarters of the size
we can do this with the stretch ratio
setting that you can see down here and
it works like this
the container will look at all the
controls that say I want to expand and
then it will sum up all the stretch ratios
ratios
of these controls
so right now the OK button has a stretch
ratio of 1. and the cancel button has
also a stretch ratio of one so it will
sum these up and you get two
and then it will assign each control a
fraction of the space which is their
stretch ratio divided by the sum
so okay button has a stretch ratio of 1
divided by the sum which is 2 so it gets
one divided by two it gets half the space
space
and the cancel also
gets one divided by 2 which is half the space
space
if we want to give this one quarter
and this three quarters then the sum of
these stretch ratios needs to be 4
because we want to give quarters right
so divided by four
so we set the stretch ratio here to three
three
and we get
the correct result again all the stretch
ratios are added so okay button has one
cancel button has three
some of this is one plus three is four so
so
we have four and now the OK button gets
1 divided by 4 which is one quarter and
the cancel button gets three divided by
four which is three quarters
and we maybe make another example let's
say the OK button should have two thirds
and the cancel button has one third how
do we do that
well again we want thirds so the sum
needs to be three
so we give the cancel button one
and we give the OK button two
and now the OK button has 2 divided by
the sum which is three so two thirds and
the cancel button has one divided by
three which is one third
so now we know how this export flag
works so what is this fill thing
I'll just flipping it only works if you
have this exponent to show it better I
will temporarily hide this cancel button
and we only work with the OK button so
right now it is set to fill
and fill means make me as big as all the
space that I have requested
and say you want to have this button in
the middle
oh you can change it to shrink Center
so the button will still request all the
space because what it requests is
decided by this expand flag so if expand
is off it will only request the minimum
size if it's on it will request all the
size it can get
and this Flag controls how the button
uses the size it has gotten right so the
container says okay fine you can have
all of this space and now the button
says okay
I take all of the space but what do I do
with it do I fill it out or do I shrink
myself and go to the center or do I
shrink myself and go to the beginning or
do I shrink myself and go to the end but
if you don't have this expand Flex set
then the container will only give this
button as much space as it needs so it
says okay I only need as much space as
this this is this is all the space we have
have
and now I can set whatever I want here
because I only have this tiny bit of
space it doesn't really matter what I
said here because everything will look
the same
and this is what confuses people because
it says fill here but if you just do
fill it will not fill this space right
so again this expand Flex says how much
space do I want and this other flag says
what do I do with the space that I got
okay so let's add the cancel button
again what I want now is that this
button and the cancel button they have
the same size we already know how to do
that so we set both to expand and we
give them the same stretch ratio so now
everyone has one but I want them to be
centered how can I do that there's a few
ways in which I could try this so there
is for example a center container Center
so we move it up here and maybe we put
the hbox container inside of the center container
container
so see this Center container and now
this is the hbox container another the
buttons so they're now centered but they
don't have the same size anymore so why
is that
well the reason for this is that the
center container only gives its child
nodes as much space as they need so you
see while this Edge box container is
inside of the center container I don't
even have an option to export the center
container does not supported
so the Xbox container only gets as much
size as its short notes need so there's
no space to export because the center
container will not give the edge box
container enough space so this is not working
let's move it up here
and delete the center container because
that is not working
there's another trick which we can use
to make this work and this is a spacer control
control
and this basic control is really just an
empty control so you use the control node
node
will render nothing
and now we set this control to export layout
layout
container sizing export
and now you can see that it gets one
third of the space because it's X part
and it has a splash ratio of one and we
have three components so one plus one
plus one is three and it gets one third
if we duplicate this and add another
control down here
it gets a fourth of the space and this
effectively centers our two other buttons
buttons
this is a nice trick which we can also
use to move these buttons down here
because the label is nice with the
mission but I would like to have these
buttons at the bottom
and put it here above the edge box
container and now we want to set this
layout to expand there's also a second
place where you can set this which is up
here so we want to vertically
expand it so if you don't want to click
here you can also set it up here so now
this expands and it takes all the space
it can get
all the other controls take the space
that they need and this spacer control
which we can also maybe name spacer
it's always a good idea to
rename your nodes so you know what they do
do
so space two and this basic control will
grow and Shrink depending on how much
space is available so if I make this
really small there's no more space so it
will be really small but if I make it
bigger it will automatically grow and
push the buttons down so we have now
made our UI much better by using
containers to automatically layout our
controls but there's still a problem if
I run this
and if I change the size of my window
the UI does not what I would like the
first problem is that this thing should
always be in the upper right corner no
matter how I change this window size and
also I would like this to always be in
the center no matter how I change my
window size
and we can do this with anchors if you
look at this panel container up here
which I have selected you can see
there's these little pins up here and
these pins tell where this container is
anchored to so right now it is anchored
to the upper left corner of the screen
so when I move it
the position is always relative to the
upper left corner of the screen so what
we want to do is we want to Anchor it to
the top right corner of the screen
and we can do this up here by choosing
an anchor preset and you see there's a
lot of presets already there we want to
choose top right and now
these pins are in the upper right corner
and now it's anchored to the upper right
so if I now move this
and I run the scene
you can see that it's now moving with
the upper right corner of the screen automatically
automatically
and the same way we can anchor this
panel container here so we can say we
want to Anchor this to this enter
so if we run the game then the mission
container is nicely centered no matter
how we resize the window
we're almost done but there's still one
problem to solve
and we can see the problem when we
make the window smaller if a player only
has a small resolution then everything
gets squished together or cut off and
that is not what we want
when we want this that this scales with
the resolution of the plane and we can
set this up in the project settings so
we go to project project settings
window and we may be disable these
advanced settings because we don't need
them anymore and the interesting part is
the stretch mode this controls how the
game is scaling right now it's set to
disabled which produces what we just saw
so let's try something different we have
a few options here we have disabled we
have canvas items and we have viewport
and we hover over this mode we get a
little explanation
so disabled we already know it doesn't
work so we don't look at this anymore so
we have canvas items or viewport and for
canvas items it says the base size
specified in width and height in the
project settings is stretched to cover
the whole screen which sounds a lot like
what we want we want this space size to
be stretched to cover the whole screen
okay so let's use that
and now let's make it smaller
that is that is a lot better you see
that it just scales the game up and down
and it does not
push our components together so maybe we
make it big and you see if you have a
huge resolution like this 4K here then
you get to use this resolution
everything is crisp and automatically
scale up the right way however you can
see that we have a bit of black bars if
we go to widescreen we get pillar boxes
on the left and the right and if we
scale down the other way
we get letterboxes on the top and the
bottom which we don't want
so we're not fully done yet so let's go
into the project approach settings
and we have a look at this other setting
here which is called aspect right now
it's set to keep
I don't want to keep this aspect I just
want it to adapt to the aspect so let's
try ignore let's see what that does
okay that is not good now it looks like
jelly so yeah it ignores the aspect so
we actually want to keep the aspect but
we want to grow we want to use the extra
space that we have it should just show
more of the game world
so let's look again at the project settings
settings
let's try the next one keep with let's
to the right we still seem to have black
boys what happens if we move to the
other way okay that looks more like it
so you see vertically it already uses
more space here if we have more space so
the UI stays the same but we show more
of the game world but horizontally we
still get the black bars okay
so we have keep height which will
probably work the other way around so
yeah that looks more like it so if we
have more space horizontally
it will grow horizontally you see the
dialog stays in the middle we just get
more room left and right and this also
stays in the top right corner the way it
should be so that is great and if we go
the other direction
yeah it also works the same you know our
backdrop ends here but doesn't really
in this video we have learned how we can
make a game user interface with Godot
we learned that we can use controls to
represent UI elements and we use
containers to arrange these controls for
us automatically
we learned that we can use the canvas
layer to separate our UI from the game
world so it does not move when we move
the camera
we learned that we can use a theme to
change how our components look
we also learned that there can be
different variants of a component inside
of a theme
so we can for example make headlines and
normal labels
we learned that containers ask their
children for their size and that
children by default request their
minimum size
we also learned that if we set the
expand flag then children will request
more size than they need
children then use the various ring and
fill settings to use the extra space
that they have been given
we learned that we can use the stretch
ratio setting to divide extra space
among the children
and we learned that we can use spacer
controls to push other controls around
finally we had a look at anchoring to
pin our controls to a certain location
of the screen and we looked at scaling
settings to make our game render
correctly at different aspect ratios and resolutions
resolutions
this has only been an overview on the
basics of godot's UI system that should
give you the fundamentals to build your
own UI there's a lot more to learn that
this video didn't cover nevertheless I
hope this has been helpful
if you have questions or would like to
suggest topics for a new video please
post them in the comments
if you like this video please give it a
thumbs up and maybe consider subscribing
to the channel so you get notified when
new videos are posted
thank you very much and happy Golden Earring
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