The core theme describes the crucial role of eukaryotic release factors (eRF1 and eRF3) in terminating protein synthesis by recognizing stop codons on ribosomes and facilitating the release of the newly synthesized polypeptide chain.
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in the cytosol of an
eukaryotic cell two types of erf
are present they are erf1
and erf3
the erf stands for eukaryotic release factor
factor
the erf3 is a gtp binding protein
when a ats ribosome having a newly formed
formed
completed protein chain reaches a stop codon
codon
like uaa or
uga or uag
the erf1 along with erf3 dot
gtp enters the ribosomal complex
probably at or near the a side
and the erf1 recognize this top corner
directly the other name
of erf3.gtp
is erf3 gt ph
the recognition of stop codon by erf-1
leads to erf3 bound gtp
hydrolysis to produce a gdp
and a pi here the hydrolysis step
acts as a proof reading step
because it ensures that the previous step
step
means the recognition of a stop codon
by erf 1 has occurred correctly
and then only it allows subsequent step
or further steps to proceed after the
ensurement given by the hydrolysis
that the erf1 has correctly recognized
a stop codon the peptidyl trna
present in the p site of a ribosomal complex
complex
is added with a h2o molecule
in presence of peptidyl transferase
due to this addition reaction the newly
formed completed protein chain
separates from the trna and
released into the cytosol then
additional release factors promote
the dissociation of ats ribosome
as a result the 40s and
60s ribosomal subunits mrna
trnas erf1
dot gdp are freed to carry out
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