This content describes an experimental setup and demonstration of a Venturi flow meter to visualize and analyze fluid flow dynamics, specifically comparing actual flow behavior with theoretical predictions from Bernoulli's equation.
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[Music]
so here's a picture of the apparatus
from lab number four there's a water
flow from left to right and in this
experiment there's a piece of Plexiglas
on the side of the venturi flow meter so
that you can see the cross-sectional
area you can see the croc sectional area
gets reduced gradually to a minimum here
at what's called the throat which is the
point of maximum velocity and then as
the flow moves downstream you can see
that the cross sectional area of the
flow increases in the velocity will
decrease in this region
there's also seven pedometers here and
so we can actually make a measurement of
the hydraulic grade line see how high
the fluid rises in those pedometers and
compare that to what Bernoulli equation
would predict for an ideal inviscid flow
and that's one of the objectives of the
lab but it's nice today to show this in
in order to explain the concepts of
hydraulic grade line and energy grade
line for actual flows this is the
experimental setup for lab number four
you can see the venturi flow meter at
the bottom with the flow from left to
right so on the left hand side there's
this blue water tank and there's a
supply of water continuously to that
tank and the pipe that you see up here
is actually an overflow pipe so there's
water coming into the pipe and so the
water level in this tank will be
somewhere up around here and they'll be
continuous over a flow you can see the
venturi meter they're attached to the
bottom of the water tank there are as I
mentioned seven pedometers and in this
case I've add
a little bit of blue dye to the flow
just so you can see the heights of the
pedometers when you do the experiment
for lab 4 there won't be any dye and
there's a valve here just a hand valve
on the outlet that allows me to control
the flow rate through the system next
I'm going to show a short video
presentation of lap number 4 the venturi
flow meter and after I've shown the this
video we're going to look at the
analysis of the hydraulic grade line and
the energy grade line for this actual
flow now before I start the video you'll
notice here that there's no flow through
the venturi at the moment this valve
over here is closed and so all of the
pedometers here have fluid at the same
height they would be at equilibrium with
the fluid in the tank and so that
represents the fluid level in the tank
at the start so now let's just watch the video
so at the beginning here I'm just
opening that valve to let some flow
through and you'll notice the pedometer
now you can see it's pretty much a
steady state so you're seeing the
finally what I'm gonna do is just turn
and there it is with the flow off and
we're back to the original situation so
now there's no flow through the venturi
flow meter and all of the pedometers are
back to the original level the height of
the level in the adjacent tank and you
can see that because I drew a little bit
of flow the height of the water level in
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