0:03 today in the daily dose jim crow laws
0:06 and the segregated south
0:08 named after a black minstrel show character
0:09 character
0:11 jim crow laws were a collection of
0:12 mostly southern
0:16 state and local statutes that legalized
0:18 racial segregation which were
0:20 implemented shortly after the end of the
0:21 civil war
0:23 and lasted until the civil rights
0:26 protests and federal legislation of the 1960s
0:28 1960s
0:30 the laws were intended to marginalize
0:32 african americans
0:34 by suppressing their right to vote
0:36 limiting their access to good-paying jobs
0:37 jobs
0:39 while excluding access to higher education
0:40 education
0:43 those who attempted to shirk the laws
0:44 often faced
0:48 arrest fines jail time violence and even
0:51 death in 1896
0:53 the first legal attempt to repeal jim
0:55 crow laws was upheld in the case of
0:57 plessy versus ferguson
1:00 in which the u.s supreme court laid out
1:01 its separate but
1:03 equal doctrine affirming racial
1:06 segregation in public facilities
1:08 including the coaches of interstate
1:10 trains and buses
1:12 facilities for african americans were
1:14 routinely inferior and
1:17 underfunded compared to facilities
1:20 maintained exclusively for whites
1:22 while the laws as a whole institutionalized
1:23 institutionalized
1:25 economic educational and social disadvantages
1:27 disadvantages
1:29 for african americans living in the
1:32 south segregation was also adhered to in
1:32 the u.s
1:35 military while in 1913
1:38 southern democratic president woodrow wilson
1:39 wilson
1:41 initiated national segregation policies in
1:42 in
1:45 federal workplaces southern statutes
1:47 continued to impose
1:50 poll taxes on black americans attempting to
1:50 to
1:53 suppress them from voting in local state
1:54 and national
1:57 elections in 1954
1:59 segregation of state-funded public
2:01 schools was declared
2:03 unconstitutional by the u.s supreme court
2:04 court
2:07 under chief justice earl warren in the
2:08 landmark case
2:11 brown versus board of education yet most
2:13 southern states dragged their feet for
2:14 years before
2:16 integration was finally achieved against
2:19 great backlash from white southerners
2:23 in 1964 the warren court continued to
2:25 rule against jim crow laws
2:28 in other cases such as heart of atlanta
2:31 motel inc versus united states
2:34 the last vestiges of jim crow laws came
2:35 to an end
2:37 when they were overruled by the civil
2:40 rights act of 1964
2:42 followed by the voting rights act of 1965
2:44 1965
2:46 bringing to an end white america's long
2:48 and stained history
2:50 of racial suppression against black americans
2:52 americans
2:55 and there you have it jim crow laws in
2:57 the segregated south
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