But if she doesn't get to eat, none of them stand a chance.
♪ ♪
With the arrival of the spring sun,
she makes her move.
♪ ♪
She leads them into a world of new sights...
sounds...
and scares.
[squeak]
♪ ♪
One day they'll grow up to be
the world's most powerful land predator.
But not today.
♪ ♪
[grunts]
♪ ♪
As a single mom,
her job is to keep them safe
on the most dangerous journey of their lives.
♪ ♪
Approaching the coast, she's on high alert.
[howl]
♪ ♪
This is wolf territory.
♪ ♪
Packs patrol the shores of Canada's Hudson Bay
and could target polar bear cubs.
♪ ♪
Mom's incredible sense of smell helps her pick up their scent
from over five miles away...
♪ ♪
...giving her cubs a crucial head start.
[chuffing]
♪ ♪
[grunts]
♪ ♪
[cub cries]
♪ ♪
[cub crying]
♪ ♪
[cub crying]
[chuffing]
[whimpers]
♪ ♪
Her years of experience have helped them
sneak through enemy lines.
♪ ♪
She's made it
to the frozen ocean.
Ahead, a four-month journey
out onto the sea ice.
She sets a course northeast,
cubs safely in tow...
...to find her first meal in eight months.
♪ ♪
Nothing is easy here in the Arctic.
♪ ♪
Polar parents must make incredible journeys,
teaching their young how to make it through,
all racing to make the most
of the short Arctic summer
in a world that's changing faster than ever before.
[barks]
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
While some parents are just setting out,
others are ending a long winter on the move.
♪ ♪
This male arctic fox has spent the last six months...
alone.
[sniffing]
He really goes the distance
when food is in short supply.
One even clocked more than 1,000 miles
in just over two months.
♪ ♪
This little guy has been surviving
off his street smarts.
[squawk]
You can't be too careful when you're only 12 inches tall.
[seagulls squawking]
In the Arctic, even leftovers are a reason to celebrate.
♪ ♪
With spring in the air,
he's heading home to reunite with his lifelong mate.
♪ ♪
They've spent the long winter apart, searching for food.
♪ ♪
He must find her if there's any hope of starting a family.
♪ ♪
Maybe she hasn't survived the winter.
♪ ♪
Ah, there she is.
[squeak]
♪ ♪
Together again.
[yipping]
Time to get on with the business
of becoming a mom and dad
and to raise their litter of pups
before the end of summer.
♪ ♪
The top of the world at the end of winter.
♪ ♪
[snort]
In Alaska's extreme north, a three-year-old caribou
is starting her own journey to become a parent.
[snort]
Five months pregnant,
she's scraping by on a diet of frozen lichen.
♪ ♪
Life as a caribou is never lonely.
♪ ♪
She's one of a 100,000-strong herd,
sticking close together for good reason.
♪ ♪
[howl]
She has her own wolves to contend with.
[howling]
The pack has had a long, tough winter as well,
and they're hungry.
♪ ♪
To avoid becoming their next meal,
she must stay vigilant.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
She sounds the alarm.
[bark]
[caribou grunting]
♪ ♪
Heavily pregnant, she can't risk getting left behind.
♪ ♪
The wolves' strategy is to run them into the ground.
♪ ♪
[caribou grunting]
♪ ♪
Those that stumble
won't last long.
♪ ♪
[bark]
[birds cawing]
One caribou can keep the pack fed for days.
♪ ♪
[grunting]
Safely tucked within the herd,
she sets off on a 300-mile trek...
♪ ♪
...scaling the mighty Brooks Range.
♪ ♪
At 9,000 feet,
the Arctic's highest mountains.
♪ ♪
She needs to make it to the rich grasslands of the north...
♪ ♪
...where she can raise her unborn calf.
[grunt]
The polar bear mom already has two hungry mouths to feed.
♪ ♪
The next four months are make or break.
♪ ♪
If she doesn't find enough to eat,
her cubs might not see their first birthday.
♪ ♪
But this ice bear is in her element.
Over the spring and summer,
she'll lead her cubs nearly 2,000 miles
across the frozen Hudson Bay
to find the food that they need to survive.
♪ ♪
Sea ice forms the perfect hunting ground.
She can smell a seal from 20 miles away.
♪ ♪
[thud]
♪ ♪
Success relies on patience...
♪ ♪
...and explosive speed.
[seal yelps]
♪ ♪
[cub roars]
Hunting season is short.
♪ ♪
If she's to get her cubs through the summer,
mom must catch every seal she can.
♪ ♪
[chime]
♪ ♪
[chime]
Long days and gentle warmth
melt the ice and snow...
♪ ♪
...transforming the remote Arctic islands of Svalbard.
[birds chattering]
♪ ♪
The fox couple swap their warm winter whites...
[screech]
...for cool summer coats.
♪ ♪
And they have five hungry new mouths to feed.
[shrieking]
Male arctic foxes make the most devoted dads,
working tirelessly to put food on the table.
[chirping]
The millions of little auks
that have crossed the Arctic Ocean to be here
could feed his family for months,
if he can catch them nesting among the boulders.
[birds chattering]
[sniffing]
[chattering]
[wings fluttering]
He's always one step behind.
[sniffing]
[chattering]
[wings fluttering]
They're giving him the runaround.
[chattering]
♪ ♪
[chattering]
♪ ♪
He just can't get his paws on them.
[chattering]
To feed his pups,
he needs to work smarter, not harder.
♪ ♪
[chattering]
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
A good start.
Still not enough for a growing family
who needs to fatten up over the short summer months.
Seasons change fast in the Arctic.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
The caribou mom-to-be is running with her herd...
[chattering]
[caribou grunting]
...following ancient pathways
as they have for over 50,000 years.
♪ ♪
Along with half a million other females across North America,
she's nearing her ancestral calving grounds
300 miles to the north.
♪ ♪
Reaching grasslands packed with superfoods...
...just when she needs them most.
♪ ♪
She's eating for two.
Her newborn calf, just days old.
[grunt]
She's totally dependent on her mom.
[grunt]
♪ ♪
Soon, she'll need to lead this little one
across thousands of miles of tundra.
But first...
♪ ♪
...her calf has to find her snow legs.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
And just in time.
♪ ♪
Trouble's brewing beneath their feet.
♪ ♪
Mosquitoes that spend the winter
in a state of suspended animation under the snow
are emerging.
[buzzing]
As the planet warms,
an earlier spring supercharges the swarm.
[buzzing]
Caribou can lose half a pint of blood in a day.
♪ ♪
One in four calves die during this first month.
[buzzing]
But mom's been here before
and knows a way out.
♪ ♪
[calf grunting]
They join a mass exodus...
♪ ♪
...to the mountains,
where cool winds keep biting insects at bay.
♪ ♪
But up here, food is scarce.
They can't stay for long.
For every Arctic parent,
the quest for food can mean life or death.
[sniffing]
♪ ♪
Only one of the polar bear's cubs has made it.
♪ ♪
The other, most likely lost to starvation.
♪ ♪
Even the most dedicated parent sometimes struggles to provide.
♪ ♪
Mom can't afford to lose them both.
♪ ♪
[squeak]
♪ ♪
But her world is melting around her.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
As a last resort, she tries to hunt from the water.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
[snort]
♪ ♪
[roar]
Just one in 10 hunts is successful.
♪ ♪
And it's only getting harder.
♪ ♪
With the Arctic warming twice as fast
as the rest of the planet,
Hudson Bay is melting earlier year on year,
shortening her hunting season by up to a month.
♪ ♪
It's time to cut their losses
and head back to land.
[cub cries]
♪ ♪
They walked here,
but a 100-mile swim for her cub is out of the question.
♪ ♪
So, mom hitches a ride on her very own life raft.
♪ ♪
By sensing the movement of the ice,
she knows she's heading back to shore.
♪ ♪
[cub groans]
♪ ♪
A chance to lie back and let the current do the work.
♪ ♪
[cub groans]
[birds squawking]
For some Arctic parents,
the summer melt is the start of leaner times.
[bark]
But for others, it brings all the food they can eat.
[bark]
The arctic fox dad has his pups to look out for.
♪ ♪
It's why he made his journey to raise them
in exactly the right place at exactly the right time.
♪ ♪
High above on the dizzying sea cliffs...
...murre chicks are ready to fledge
and about to start their own migration.
[chirping]
But at just three weeks old, they still can't fly.
[chirping]
Over 1,000 feet up,
there's only one way down to the ocean below,
nearly half a mile away.
Their parents believe in tough love.
Time for a little gentle encouragement.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
[squawking]
Out of reach.
[chirping]
But over a few short days,
thousands of first-time skydivers make the leap.
[chirping]
Some...
[chirping]
...fall short.
[chirping]
This is dad's big chance.
♪ ♪
But with so many to choose from,
he doesn't know which way to turn.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
They're faster than they look.
♪ ♪
His pups are relying on him;
the pressure is on.
♪ ♪
[growling]
[chirping]
Got one.
♪ ♪
He'll need to catch bird after bird while he can
to feed his hungry pups.
[chirping]
♪ ♪
[sniffing]
Finally, he's on a roll.
[chirping]
High above,
one of the last to go.
♪ ♪
[chirping]
♪ ♪
But dad's right behind him.
♪ ♪
Even helping out a bit.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
Wings found, now he's got to stay on course.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
[squawk]
♪ ♪
[chirping]
He's starting a 2,000-mile Arctic voyage of his own.
[chirping]
There's always one that gets away.
♪ ♪
Every Arctic parent has to do whatever it takes
to raise the next generation.
The fox dad making sure his pups have enough food
to prepare them for their life ahead.
[gentle snoring]
♪ ♪
At the height of summer,
the caribou mom is finally within reach
of the rich pastures she needs to secure her calf's future.
♪ ♪
But in her way,
in the valleys below,
rivers swelling with meltwater.
[grunting]
It's a danger they've not yet had to face together.
♪ ♪
Mom knows it's best to stick with the herd,
seeking shelter from the current.
♪ ♪
But it's her calf's first time in deep water.
♪ ♪
And this river is powerful.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
[grunting]
♪ ♪
It's a parent's worst nightmare to lose sight of their child.
♪ ♪
[calf bleating]
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
Dry land.
[calf bleating]
♪ ♪
But they're still only halfway across.
♪ ♪
[calf bleats]
♪ ♪
This time, mom sticks close
to try and shield her exhausted calf from the current.
♪ ♪
[calf bleating]
[splash]
[mom grunting]
[calf bleating]
[mom grunting]
♪ ♪
Mom is powerless to help.
But they've come this far together.
She won't give up on her calf now.
[bleating, grunting]
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
[bleating]
♪ ♪
Time to pick up the pace
and rejoin the safety of the herd.
♪ ♪
There's enough food here to sustain them
until the beginning of winter.
♪ ♪
This caribou mom has done her job,
teaching her calf how to make a journey
that will now become her way of life.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
The polar bear mom is also nearing the end of her journey.
She's so close, she can smell the land.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
Just one more short swim...
...through dangerous waters.
♪ ♪
Heavyweight males have already
been forced off the melting ice.
♪ ♪
They're on the lookout for an easy meal,
like a bear cub.
♪ ♪
♪ ♪
Luckily, there's something more substantial on the menu.
Beluga whales.
[blows air]
[blowing]
Every year thousands come to this bay
to give birth, feed, and socialize.
♪ ♪
[blowing]
These ingenious bears have learned a new hunting technique
to make the most of this opportunity.
Waiting on giant rocks...
♪ ♪
...to launch their ambush.
[grunting]
It keeps them distracted...
♪ ♪
...allowing mom and cub to make it to shore.
♪ ♪
Her first instinct is to head for the safety of home,
back to where it all began.
♪ ♪
But the smell of a fresh kill is too much to resist.
[roaring]
It forces her to make a tough call...
♪ ♪
...and head into danger.
[roar]
[seagulls squawking]
♪ ♪
[roaring]
[grunting]
♪ ♪
She stands her ground...
[roaring]
♪ ♪
[roar]
...and steals what could be their last meal in months.
♪ ♪
[growl]
Now starts the final leg of their journey inland.
♪ ♪
After a 2,000-mile trek
and teaching her cub how to navigate
one of the world's most treacherous landscapes...
♪ ♪
...she's home.
♪ ♪
Raising a family is never easy.
♪ ♪
They'll spend the next two years traveling,
facing every challenge together.
♪ ♪
This mom doing everything she can for her cub
in one of the toughest places to be a parent.
♪ ♪
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