This content consists of four distinct audio segments: a customer service call for an electrical repair, a student presentation planning meeting, a discussion about Roman London, and a talk on Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). Each segment addresses a specific topic, ranging from practical problem-solving to historical research and medical conditions.
part one you will hear a woman phoning
an electrical repair company about a
problem with a piece of household
equipment first you have some time to
now we shall begin you should answer the
questions as you listen because you will
not hear the recording a second time
listen carefully and answer questions 1 to
7 hello Sinclair electrical services
Kevin speaking oh good morning um I
believe you do television repairs that's
right we do well my television's not
working but I don't have a car can you
come around to see it that shouldn't be
a problem good can I just take a few
details then certainly so so if I could
start with your name yes it's Mrs
Douglas d o u g l a s it's Double S at
the end actually okay and the address
135 Park Hill Avenue in Summerton that's
right and would you like my phone number
yes please it's 765 482 428 no
82 okay right so what's the problem with
the telep
um low volume even when you turn it up
to maximum it doesn't seem to make much
difference I mean it's quite an old TV
but it's always worked perfectly well up
to now and the picture's
okay I did wonder we had a power cut a
couple of days ago and it's not been
right since then I don't know if that
could have affected it it certainly
might have something to do with it
anyway I'll come over and have a look uh
can you tell me the make and model
number by any chance the number will be
on the back of the TV um yes it's a
Schneider that's s c h n e i d e r and
sv52 right is that a fairly recent model
not really I got it 7 years ago I
remember the date because it was the
year after I moved into this house and
that was 8 years ago I hope you can fix
it I really don't want to buy another
one before you hear the rest of the talk
you have some time to look at questions
10 well I'll see what I can do when I
come around to the house to look at it I
think I know your road is it the one
that's off the High Street that that's
right the house is on the left if you're
coming from The High Street just before
the road bends to the right I'm afraid
it's getting harder and harder to park
on the road but if you drive on round
the bench you can usually find somewhere
that's all right now let's see when
would it be convenient for me to come
around well as soon as possible really
well what's today Friday I'm booked up
today and then we've got the weekend so
I'm afraid it looks like Monday
morning's the earliest you you can't
come tomorrow well Saturday morning I'm
in the showroom and I don't work
Saturday afternoon and Sunday okay I'll
make sure I'm in oh and one last thing I
wonder if you'd mind telling me how you
heard about us we've just opened a new
web page and we're interested to see how
effective it is no I actually heard
about you from the woman next door she
couldn't remember your number but I
looked it up in the phone book oh right
it's always the best advertising word of
mouth right okay thank thank Mrs Douglas
goodbye that is the end of part one you
now have half a minute to check your answers
now turns to part two part two you will
hear three students talking to their
tutor about the presentation they are
planning first you have some time to
now listen carefully and answer
questions 11 to 7
good morning
everyone so you're going to tell me
about your
presentation first of all what's your
topic did you say you were going to talk
about the uses of mobile phones uh not
exactly we're actually going to explain
the dangers of using mobile phones ah
okay that sounds
interesting what are you going to
discuss exactly well we've planned to
divide the presentation into three
sections we'll have an introduction
explaining why we think it's important
to understand the dangers of mobiles
then on the second slide we'll have a
list of the different types of danger
and then on the last slide we're going
to suggest ways of staying out of danger
when you use a
mobile yes we want to start by telling
the audience that using a mobile phone
can be dangerous and then go into more
detail in the next
part okay but before you talk about the
dangers of mobiles I think you should
mention the
advantages you could put that in your
introduction it balances up the argument
a bit oh yes I see what you mean right
we'll do that so shall we have a look at your
your
presentation did you bring it with you
I've got it here on a memory stick can
we show you on your computer yes that's
fine let's have a
look H right as you say you're going to
add the advantages of using mobile
phones to the first slide
good who's going to explain the second
slide with all the dangers that's me do
you think I've got enough
detail yes
I think there's plenty of information
but I think it's all a bit mixed up at
the moment I mean you've got dangers
like getting headaches in the same list
as having car accidents and being robbed
in the street they're all different
types of danger aren't they I think you
should divide them into groups maybe
under separate titles like Health
accidents and security oh right yes
thank you that will make it much clearer
to the audience M okay now in the third
slide you can put your suggestions for
staying away from each of these dangers
titles before you hear the rest of the
talk you have some time to look at
now listen and answer questions 18 to
20 have you got any other questions
um yes the presentation should be for 10
minutes is that right yes but 10 minutes
in total including 3 minutes for
questions so you'll only talk for 7
minutes that's only 2 minutes each we
won't be able to say much in that time
at all that's why you have to plan what
you're going to say carefully and make
sure you only include the most important
information for instance you won't have
time to give examples but you could put
some images on your slides that show
examples without spending time talking
about them hey that's a good idea and
the audience can look at them while we
talk and another thing make sure all the
slides have the same style you should
get together and agree on one style for
the whole
presentation okay we'll do that to
thanks a lot for your
help that is the end of part two you now
part
three you will hear a conversation
between two students David and CLA first
you have some time to look at questions
now listen carefully and answer
questions 21 to
24 hi David
how are you going with your history
studies very well I've actually finished
it that's great what era did you write
on I researched Roman London something I
never thought I'd be interested in that
sounds interesting I wanted to tie into
the work I've been doing on engineering
and I found it fascinating and learned
many things along the way such
as well although there were prehistoric
settlements throughout the vast area now
called London strangely enough no
evidence has yet been found for any such
community at the Northern end of London
Bridge where the present city grew up
the origins of London lie in Roman times
right right when the Romans invaded
Britain in 43 ad they moved North from
the kentish coast and traversed the
temps in the London region clashing with
the local Tradesmen just to the north
it has been suggested that the soldiers
crossed the river at Lambeth that it was
further Downstream that they built a
permanent wooden bridge just east of the
present London Bridge in more subtle
time some seven years later as a focal
point of the Roman Road system it was
the bridge which attracted settlers and
led to London's inevitable growth so
London Bridge has been there for
hundreds of years yes and though the
regularity of London original Street
grid May indicate that the initial
inhabitants were the military trade and
commerce soon
followed the London temps was deep and
still within the tidal Zone an ideal
place for the birthing of ships what
other industry did they
have well as the area was also well
drained and low-lying it was
geologically suitable for Brick making
there was soon a flourishing city called
londinium in the area where the monument
now stands
londinium that's Latin that's what I
thought too that the name itself is
Celtic not Latin and may originally have
referred merely to a previous Farmstead
on the
site before you hear the rest of the
talk you have some time to look at
wasn't London burned to the ground at
some stage it happened in
ad60 by the forces of Queen budika of
the iini tribe from Modern Norfolk when
she led a major revolt against Roman
rule the governor suetonius pinus who
was busy Exterminating The Druids in
North Wales marched his troops South in
an attempt to save London but seeing the
size of budda's approaching Army decided
he could not mount an adequate defense
and evacuated the city
instead not everyone managed to escape
though and many were massacred what
about the beautiful old architecture did
you research that too I sure did the
major symbol of Roman rule was the
Temple of the Imperial cult Emperor
worship was administered by the
provincial Council whose headquarters
appear to have been in London by ad1
100 a member of its staff named aning
Cletus buried his wife on Ludgate Hill
around this time Pagan worship
flourished within the Cosmopolitan
City a temple to the mysterious Eastern
God methis was found at bucklersbury
house and is displayed nearby I quite
like St
Paul's traditionally St Paul's Cathedral
stands on the site of a temple of Diana
other significant buildings also began
to appear in the late 1 Century at a
time when the city was expanding rapidly
The Forum a Marketplace and Basilica
which toed the LW courts complex at Len
Hall Market was erected and then quickly
replanned as the largest such complex
north of the Alps The Forum was much
bigger than today's trafala Square who
was in charge of all the town planning
at the time
procurator Agricola he encouraged the
use of bathouses and had a grand public
sweet me which has now been excavated in
Upper T
Street they were as much a social venue
as a place to Bath there was a smaller
version at cheapside and in later
centuries private bath houses were also
built another popular attraction was the
wooden Amphitheater erected on the
Northwestern outskirts of the city it's
possible that gladiatorial shows were
put on here though lesser public sports
like a beating may have been more
regular I thought that happened mainly
in the Coliseum in Rome but I guess
London being settled by the Romans
explains their lust for
blood that is the end of part three you
now have half a minute to check your answers
now turns to part four part four you
will hear a talk on seasonal affective
disorder first you have some time to
now listen carefully and answer
questions 31 to
40 in the past few years a new condition
has been identified and given a name sad
short for Seasonal effective disorder
this is now recognized as a distinct
kind of clinical depression where people
become deped ressed at the onset of
winter accompanied by a craving for
sweet things causing weight gain each
spring and summer would then bring on
almost maniacal high and feelings of
boundless energy and happiness
experiments to combat this depression
showed that increased exposure to Bright
Light in humans could suppress their
production of a Darkness related hormone called
called
melatonin the light needed to induce
this change was about 2,000 Lu or about
four times brighter than ordinary
household lighting it was then
calculated that if bright light could
suppress melatonin secretion then it
might have other effects on the brain
including the reversal of symptoms of
where Winter nights are longer and days
shorter in the UK an estimated half a
million adults develop full-blown sad in
Winter and twice this number suffered
the milder condition called Subs syndromal
syndromal
sad about 80% of sufferers improve when
given light therapy and Improvement
usually comes within 2 to 4 days
scientists are still unsure why winter
depression happens but more than a
decade of research has turned up some
surprising findings nearly 80% of sad
victims are women researchers are
uncertain why this is so sad can affect
people at any age but typically it
begins around the age of 20 and becomes
less common between 40 and 50 sad is
comparatively rare in children and
Adolescence but so far researchers have
been unable to come up with a logical
reason for this
as many as half of sad sufferers have at
least one family member with depressive
illness suggesting that the depression
has a genetic component some patients
experience shifts in their body clocks
when they're depressed in Winter they
are mour people at one time of the year
and become evening people at
another what is the underlying
difference between sads sufferers and
others a clue can be found in
carbohydrate craving a common symptom
people often become obsessed with
chocolate for example carbohydrates
alter brain chemistry by increasing the
level of a soothing chemical called
serotonin a neurotransmitter that
carries signals between brain cells sad
sufferers crave carbohydrates because
they may need serotonin to lift their
mood this craving can be intense in fact
an addiction it may be that the
serotonin system of the brain has
problems regulating itself during the
winter some sad sufferers respond well
to the drug Prozac thought to influence
the brain serotonin using system other
brain chemicals and hormones probably
play a role in Winter
depression another neurotransmitter
dopamine for example may be inadequate
in certain cases researchers hope to
uncover Clues to sad Secret by probing
similarities between sad and hibernation
though no valid link between the two has
been established some sad patients say
they feel like hibernating animals sad
sufferers tend to put on fat in Autumn
and early winter roughly the time when
such hibernators as bears and squirrels
do that is the end of part four you now
[Music] [Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
[Music] oh
[Music] a
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